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Archaeological Resources Technical Report I-5 Rose Quarter Improvement Project

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Archaeological Resources Technical Report I-5 Rose Quarter Improvement Project FINAL Archaeological Resources Technical Report I-5 Rose Quarter Improvement Project Oregon Department of Transportation January 8, 2019 Archaeological Resources Technical Report Oregon Department of Transportation Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations ........................................................................................................ v Ex ec utive Summary .............................................................................................................. ES-1 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................1 1.1 Project Location.........................................................................................................1 1.2 Project Purpose .........................................................................................................1 1.3 Project Need .............................................................................................................1 1.4 Project Goals and Objectives .......................................................................................5 2 Project Alternatives.............................................................................................................6 2.1 No-Build Alternative....................................................................................................6 2.2 Build Alternative.........................................................................................................8 2.2.1 I-5 Mainline Improvements ...............................................................................9 2.2.2 Highway Covers ........................................................................................... 13 2.2.3 Broadway/Weidler Interchange Improvements .................................................. 14 2.2.4 Related Local System Multimodal Improvements ............................................... 16 3 Regulatory Framework ...................................................................................................... 19 4 Methodology and Data Sources .......................................................................................... 22 4.1 Project Area and Area of Potential Impact.................................................................... 22 4.2 Resource Identification and Evaluation ........................................................................ 24 4.2.1 Data Sources ............................................................................................... 24 4.2.2 Consultation and Traditional Cultural Properties ................................................ 25 4.3 Ass ess ment of Impac ts ............................................................................................. 25 4.4 Cumulative Impacts.................................................................................................. 27 5 Affected Environment........................................................................................................ 28 5.1 Physical Setting ....................................................................................................... 28 5.1.1 Geology and Environment.............................................................................. 28 5.1.2 Geomorphology............................................................................................ 30 5.1.3 Soils ........................................................................................................... 32 5.1.4 Previous Geotechnical Studies ....................................................................... 34 5.2 Cultural Context....................................................................................................... 35 5.2.1 Precontact Context ....................................................................................... 35 5.2.2 Ethnographic Context .................................................................................... 36 5.2.3 His toric al Contex t ......................................................................................... 38 5.3 Previous Cultural Resource Investigations ................................................................... 53 5.3.1 Prior Inventories ........................................................................................... 54 5.3.2 Previously Identified Archaeological Resources................................................. 57 5.3.3 P reviously Identified Architectural/Above-Ground Historic Resources ................... 61 5.3.4 Cemeteries .................................................................................................. 61 5.4 Historic Maps Review ............................................................................................... 61 5.4.1 General Land Office Survey Plats ................................................................... 61 5.4.2 United States Geological Survey Maps ............................................................ 63 5.4.3 Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps......................................................................... 66 5.5 Aerial Photograph Review ......................................................................................... 66 5.6 Literature Review Summary....................................................................................... 76 5.7 Archaeological Sensitivity Analysis ............................................................................. 76 January 8, 2019 | i Archaeological Resources Technical Report Oregon Department of Transportation 5.7.1 Methods for Identification of High Probability Areas (HPAs) ................................. 77 5.7.2 Results ....................................................................................................... 78 5.7.3 Archaeological Expectations........................................................................... 84 5.8 Treatment Plan ........................................................................................................ 88 5.8.1 Pre-Construction and Construction Monitoring .................................................. 88 5.8.2 Artifact Treatment ......................................................................................... 89 5.8.3 Archaeological Monitoring Plan ....................................................................... 92 5.8.4 Inadvertent Discovery Plan............................................................................. 93 6 Environmental Consequences ............................................................................................ 95 6.1 No-Build Alternative.................................................................................................. 95 6.1.1 Direct Impacts .............................................................................................. 95 6.1.2 Indirect Impacts ............................................................................................ 95 6.2 Build Alternative....................................................................................................... 95 6.2.1 Short-Term (Construction) Impacts .................................................................. 95 6.2.2 Long-Term and Operational Direct Impacts....................................................... 96 6.2.3 Long-Term and Operational Indirect Impacts..................................................... 96 6.3 Cumulative Effects ................................................................................................... 97 6.3.1 Spatial and Temporal Boundaries ................................................................... 97 6.3.2 Past, Present, and Reasonably Foreseeable Future Actions................................ 98 6.3.3 Results of Cumulative Impact Analysis............................................................. 99 6.4 Conclusion............................................................................................................ 100 7 Avoidance, Minimization, and Mitigation Measures .............................................................. 102 8 Contacts and Coordination............................................................................................... 103 9 Preparers ...................................................................................................................... 104 10 References.................................................................................................................... 105 Tables Ta ble ES-1. Summary of Environmental Consequences.......................................................... ES-1 Table 1. I-5 Ramps in the Project Area ...........................................................................................7 Table 2. Weave Distances within the Project Area............................................................................7 Table 3. Previous ODOT Geotechnical Investigations in the API ...................................................... 34 Table 4. Previous Cultural Resource Investigations within 1 Mile of the Project Area ........................... 54 Table 5. Previously Identified Archaeological Resources within 1 Mile of the Project API...................... 58 Table 6. Examples of Types of Historic Buildings and Features Present on Sanborn Maps................... 68 Table 7. Total Acreage of High, Moderate, and Low Probability Areas for the Project Area, Permanent Impacts Area, and Temporary Impacts Areas..................................................... 81 Table 8. Sensitivity Indicators for Determining High
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