24392 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 17, 1973

1 percent in the 6 months following the stand in adjournm ent until 10 a.m . At 10:30 a.m. debate will resume on the effective date of those increases. tomorrow. amendment offered by the Senator from We are all aware of the recession The PR ESIDIN G O FFICER . Without Colorado (M r. Dommicx) and the Sena- which occurred during 1969-71. A s the objection, it is so ordered. tor from Ohio (M r. TAFT) . chart shows, unemployment for both A rollcall vote will occur on the Domi- adults and teenagers increased during nick-Taft amendment at 12:30 p.m. that period, as one would expect. T here ORDER FOR ROUTINE BUSINESS O ther amendments will be called up is no justification whatsoever for at- TOMORROW during the afternoon. R ollcall votes can tributing this increase to the increases in M r. R O BE R T C. BYR D. M r. Presi- be expected to occur thereon. minimum wages which went into effect dent, I ask unanimous consent that up- If a slack period should occur during for a very limited number of workers on the conclusion of the remarks by the which no amendments are being offered during this period. O n the contrary, the S enator from Wisconsin (M r. PROX- to the minimum wage bill, the S enate record in the years prior to 1969 dem- MIRE) tomorrow there be a period for may turn temporarily to the considera- onstrates that the minimum wage, by the transaction of routine morning busi- tion of S. 440, the so-called war powers itself, has had no demonstrable adverse ness, not to extend beyond the hour of bill, for opening statements tomorrow. effect on either adult or youth unemploy- 10:30 a.m ., with statem ents lim ited ment. therein to 3 minutes. M r. DO M IN ICK . A ll I can say is that The PR ESIDIN G O FFICER . Without ADJOURNMENT we do have the chart in the RECORD and objection, it is so ordered. the chart speaks for itself. Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, M r. BE A LL. M r. President, I wish to if there be no further business to come observe in connection with the colloquy QUORUM CALL before the Senate, I move, in accordance between the chairman of the committee M r. R O BE R T C. BYR D. M r. Presi- with the previous order, that the Senate and the Senator from O hio in discussing dent, I suggest the absence of a quorum. stand in adjournment until the hour of certification, that I believe certification The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk 10 o'clock a.m. tomorrow. is indeed a discouragement for those will call the roll. The motion was agreed to; and, at 6:27 seeking employment. Certification gen- The legislative clerk proceeded to call p.m., the Senate adjourned until tomor- erally tends to discourage people from the roll. row, July 18, 1973, at 10 a.m. engaging in certain activities. We have M r. R O BE R T C. BYR D. M r. Presi- an example in connection with the guar- dent, I ask unanimous consent that the anteed loan program in higher education order for the quorum call be rescinded. NOMINATIONS where last year we required certification The PR ESIDIN G O FFICER . Without from the college to the bank that people objection, it is so ordered. Executive nominations received by the are qualified for loans. It is reported by Senate July 17, 1973: the banks that it caused a 40-percent re- DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN duction in the number of applications. PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT So certification tends to discourage peo- Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, D avid O lan M eeker, Jr., of Indiana, to be ple rather than to encourage them to a A ssistant S ecretary of H ousing and U rban the Senate will convene tomorrow at 10 Development, vice Floyd H . H yde. particular activity. Certification in youth a.m. employment is an important factor that After the two leaders or their designees IN THE ARMY should be considered when we discuss have been recognized under the stand- T he A rm y N ational G uard of the U nited this matter. S tates officers nam ed herein for prom otion ing order, the distinguished Senator from as R eserve Commissioned O fficers of the A rmy Wisconsin (M r. PROXMIRE) will be recog- under the provisions of title 10, United S tates nized for not to exceed 15 minutes. Code, section 593a and 3392: ORDER FOR ADJOURNM ENT UNTIL T here will then be a brief period for 10 A.M. TOMORROW To be major general the transaction of routine morning busi- Brig. Gen. William M eallvery Buck, S S N , Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, ness not to extend beyond 10:30 a.m., xxx-xx-xxxx . I ask unanimous consent that when the with statem ents therein lim ited to 3 Brig. Gen. E van A lbert T urnage, S S N xxx-... S enate completes its business today it minutes each. xxx-xx-x... .

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

ONE HUNDRED SCIENTIFIC-MINDED This year the N ational Youth Science is one means by which these developing Y O UT H S T UDY IN N A T IO N A L Camp is in its 11th year of operations in minds can be exposed to some of the YO UTH SCIEN CE CA M P IN WEST the hills of West V irginia. T he camp realities facing scientific disciplines, V IR GIN IA —V ISIT CA PIT O L A N D originated in 1963 as part of the West while at the same time providing them HEAR JOHN NASSIKAS V irginia centennial celebration, and was with a broad view of the opportunities so enthusiastically received that the which daily life provides. S tate has continued to support it. A fter These 100 young campers are housed HON. JENNINGS RANDOLPH 10 years of operation, the NYSC program at Camp Pocahontas, a former 4-H camp OF WEST VIRGINIA of varied scientific and human relation- located near Durbin, in the beautiful ships continues to challenge the 100 dele- M onongahela National Forest. Nearby is IN TH E S E N A T E O F T H E UN IT E D S T A T E S gates. T hese delegates—two from each the N ational R adio A stronomy Center Tuesday, July 17, 1973 State selected on the basis of their scien- at Greenbank, where leading scientists Mr. RANDOLPH. Mr. President, during tific abilities and achievements—live for are probing the secrets of the universe. these summer months there are many 3 weeks in a wilderness environment I said these 100 young men—unfor- groups of young people visiting the his- while probing life's marvels and mys- tunately the available facilities cannot toric monuments and governmental cen- teries through seminars with top scien- accommodate their female counter- ters of the N ation's Capital. I call at- tific personnel. parts—are unique. Perhaps this is not tention to one such group which is both T he camp was founded with the idea wholly accurate, for in their wide range unique and representative of the N ation of recognizing promising high school of activities, they mirror the intellectual as a whole. Last week 100 young high graduates in a distinct way. A t the same and athletic interests of all A merican school seniors at the N ational Y outh time, the outdoor experience provides youth. Certainly their academic and S cience Camp visited the Capitol, and them with a greater awareness of their leadership credentials—determined by attended a luncheon in the Senate Dirk- world and its dimensions. Problems that school selection committees in each sen Building at which I was privileged to face the scientific community demand S tate— w ould im press any college serve as host, as I have for 10 years. the attention of young minds. The NYSC recruiter. July 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24393 Twenty-three of the students were reminded the young people that there see, Jr., Virginia; Gordon H. Cougdon finalists in National Merit Scholarship must be a trade-off between the Nation's and George T. Hashis£.ki, Washington; competition. Seventeen received com­ economy and ecology. But, he concluded, David R. Blum anu Eugene Kitts, West mendations in the Westinghouse.Science in the long view, any economic penalties Virginia; Gary B. Beecham and Jonn Talent Search. Seven are bound for the we must pay today will provide much Kenneth Riege, Wisconsin; and James Massachusetts Institute of Technology greater benefits to future generations. Scott McNiven, Jr., and Norman R. and five are headed for Harvard Uni­ The NYSC delegates are: Schaible, \7yoming. versity. William Cotter, Alabama; Stuart F. These names are added to the 1,000 . They are a multitalented group, in­ Bockman and Reed Copsey, Alaska; young men-20 from each State, who cluding an all-American quarterback Richard Crowell and Stanley Reynolds, form this unique fraternity of interests who flies his own plane, a track star who Arizona; William T. Pennington and and scientific talents. From this list, in builds lasers in his spare time, and a Terald Edwin Smith, Arkansas; Shawn the years ahead, will come highly capable mathematical wizard who has developed Lee Morgan and Kurt Arthur Wood, scientists and engineers who will form a method of picking locks using modular California; Gregory Scott Bell and Wil­ the front ranks of our technological so­ arithmetic. Another placed first in the liam N. Shaffner, Colorado; Martin ciety. Accompanying thesl. young men National Mathematics Tournament Louis Marchese and Ronald A. Soltz, to Washington for visits to the National sponsored by the Mathematical Associa­ Connecticut; James Bernard Huffman Academy of Sciences and the National tion of America 2 consecutive years, and William Leo Holstein, Delaware; Aeronautics and Space Administration and won first place in the U.S.A. Mathe­ William Shannon Patton and Mark were 34 members of the NYSC staff, in­ matical Olympiad this year-a feat never C. Schendel, Florida; Gilbert Louis clud!ng many former campers who re­ before accomplished. Mobley and Jack B. Straus, Georgia; turn year after year to assist in the An example of the talents among these Wayne Mitsuo Fukunaga and John Carl project. youths was the organization of an 18- Hamilton, Hawaii; Craig Conrad Alford In addition to Director Hutchison, Rod member choir during the first 2 weeks of and Edwin D. Dykes, Idaho; Joel Marc Wilson and Haywood McCallum, they camping. Led by counselor Haywood D. Weinfeld and Daniel Hayes, Illinois; Lar­ are: McCallum, Jr., president of the 1969 ry Dale Gatewood and Jeffrey Kent William J. Hilton, Jr.; Charles R. NYSC class and a music major at Vir­ Marchal, Indiana; Donald Kirchner and Carlson; Don Strader; James C. Shu­ ginia State College, the choir entertained Gordon Waite, Iowa; man; Sidney Barker; Stacy L. Groscup; the luncheon audience with two near­ James Joseph Hamilton, Jr., and Carl Richard Lemuth; Jerry Johnson; Cecil professional selections, "America the Richard Anderson, Kansas; David M. Pauley; David Brookman; Kip Dopp; Beautiful," and "Keep America Sing­ Maddy and Charles 0. Lewis, Kentucky; James Michael Crum; Samuel D. Hens­ ing." Christopher Albert Fields and Lester ley; Michael Gregory Luke; David F. At last Wednesday's luncheon, 35 Sen­ Ernst Hurrelblink m, Louisiana; Peter Smith; James O'Boyle; Cliff Petterson; ators came in person to meet or dine C. Bals and Alexey Vladimir Orlovsky, NormanS. Strouse; H. Gehrig Coleman; with their State delegates; many others Maine; William James Adkins III and Larry Hill; Don Ristroph; Jill Cochran; with conflicting schedules conveyed per­ William Henry Nicholson, Maryland; Michael Maxon; Larry Eugene Morse; sonal messages or sent their aides. Sena­ Stephen Robert Cloutier and Todd M. John Stewart; Victoria Keith; Linda tor HUBERT HUMPHREY, in a brief address Stolzbert, Massachusetts; George A. Ro­ Jones Acord; Susan Jo McClinchie; and to the NYSC delegates, challenged them zanski and Peter M. Schemm, Michigan; Pauline Shaver. West Virginia arche­ to expand their technological interest­ Leroy A. Andresen and Steven Theodore ologist Bette J. Boyles and Prof. Violet ranging from agronomy to zoology-to Engen, Mim1esota; Michael Harry Brown Phillips, resident botanist, accompanied better serve mankind. and Jerome A. Gilbert, Mississippi; Jef­ the staff. Federal Power Commission Chairman frey B. Rubins and Douglas Bryan Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ John N. Nassikas, the principal speaker, Schwartz, Missouri; Kip Anthony Kra­ sent that the text of the speech by FPC told the youths: mer and John Malian Lynn, Montana; Chairman Nassikas be printed at this The challenge which the energy crisis poses Stephen Seberger and Matthew Travers, point in the RECORD. for the nation's scientific community is awe­ Nebraska; Michael Charles Lasage and There being no objection, the speech some. Failure to meet it could result in a Jim Snyder, Nevada; was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, total, and in my view, regressive alteration as follows.: of our national way of life. Jonathan Wayne Fraser and David Martin Wilterdink, New Hampshire; RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT To COPE WITH Honored guests for the lOth annual Kurt Reynolds Johmann and Anthony THE ENERGY CRISIS NYSC luncheon included: V. Roubik, New Jersey; George Melvin (By John N. Nassikas) Dr. Sydney P. Marland, Jr., Assistant Foglesong, Jr., and David Doyle Welter, I welcome this opportunity to explore with Secretary of the Department of Health, New Mexico; Sanford Rost Climan and you today some of the realities of our de­ Education and Welfare for Education; Cheldon H. Katz, New York; John Don­ veloping energy crisis, since the paths that Dr. Edward P. Todd, Acting Assistant Di­ many of you will follow may be specifically ald Hiatt, Jr., and Raleigh Bradford directed toward its resolution. It is now rector for Research of the National ·Pt:rry, Jr., North Carolina; Reginald quite evident that only through scientific Science Foundation; Robert W. Fri, Act­ Walter Geck and Frederick Mitzel, North research and development can our future ing Administrator for the Environmental Dakota; Clifford Lau and William Steers, needs for adequate energy resources be pro­ Protection Agency; former U.S. Senator vided. I will not attempt a technical pres­ John Sherman Cooper; and national Ohio; Vernon Leroy Gowdy III an1 Kevin entation of energy research requirements, newspaper columnist Holmes Alexander. Mitchell Vaughn, Oklahoma; Roderick as unlike yourselves, I am not a scientist Prof. Joseph M. Hutchison, Jr., director Wells Lewis and George Martin Samp­ but a lawyer. Rather, I should like to ex­ of NYSC, and Roderick Wilson, assistant son, Oregon; Anthony Grace and Joseph amine the broader aspects -of the energy Charles Kaczmarek, Pennsylvania; Mi­ problem, both in terms of its immediacy and director, represented the delegates at its impact. the head table. The Reverend Edward L. chael I. Grant and Michael Jeffrey Korn­ The achievement of our national eco­ R. Elson, Senate Chaplain, gave the stein, Rhode Island; William Joseph nomic, soci,al and environmental objectives benediction. Hollins n and Patlick Graham Jobe, require an ever increasing supply of energy. Mr. President, in order that each Sen­ South Carolina; Mark James Hildman Our goals of full employment and a high ator may know the two outstanding and Samuel J. Simons, South Dakota; material standard of living for all Ameri­ young men who represent their State at William Thomas Mueller and Ricky Lynn cans depend for their realization upon the the National Youth Science Camp, I am Smith, Tennessee; Richard Louis John­ continued growth and health of our indus­ listing their names and home States, 1n son and Keith Sebastian Pickens, Texas; trialized economy. Such economic dynamism in turn is dependent upon secure, abundant alphabetical order. I also will ask unani­ Mark A. Martin and Kraig Patterson, and economical sources of energy. At the mous consent that there be printed in t."'"tah; George Safford Putnam and Nor­ same time, our national interest requires a the RECORD excerpts from the prepared man Charles Smith, Vermont; William simultaneous growth in pollution control remarks by FPC Chairman Nassikas, who Henry Graybeal and Warren Boyd Jes- technology to insure that an increase in 24394 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 17, 1973 material benefits for our people is not ac- tion ethic and called for a major reorganiza­ method must be devised to take advantage companied by degradation of the natural tion and expanding of our energy research of our potentially enormous shale oil re­ environment. and development efforts. serves. However, the technology for recycling, see- In my view, these proposals require im- A second major R&D goal should be to im­ ondary and tertiary treatment of water mediate implementation. Voluntary action prove the conversion efficiency of our pri­ wastes, maintenance of air quality standards, by industry and private individuals to con­ mary energy resources, essentially a prob­ and advance techniques of land restoration serve energy is particularly important, for lem of energy conservation. The nuclear will likewise require substantial energy in- dramatic results can be achieved with only breeder reactor program now underway will puts. By way of illustration, it is estimated minimal alterations in our everyday energy result in a 40-fold increase in the energy out­ that with present technology, 18 percent consumption patterns. For example, as noted put of uranium. Further, research is needed more energy will be needed to meet 1975 by the President, a potential 2 percent, fuel in the area of superconducting power trans­ automobile emission standards. In order to savings nationwide is possible from a 10 mission, a process for moving large blocks of control thermal pollution and remove par- mph highway speed reduction by all drivers. electrical power at near absolute zero tem­ ticulates and sulphur oxides, it is estimated By raising thermostat settings on air con­ peratures and resulting in a virtual elimina­ that power plants will require .7 percent more ditioners by four degrees, the amount of tion of resistance to the :flow of electricity. energy. . energy now consumed for . air conditioning Generating technology demands immediate Absent radical and fundamental societal purposes could be reduced by 15 to 20 per­ attention to reduce the present 70 percent changes, past trends indicate even ' higher cent. Likewise, home heating energy require­ loss in 'energy efficiency through conversion levels of energy consumption than is pres- ments could be reduced by up to 10 percent to ~lectricity by fossil-fuel steam electric ently the case. It is therefore critical that with a lowering of home heating tem- plants. - we identify and correct the conditions which · peratures by five degrees. Above all, there must be a concerted R&D have resulted in the present energy supply . The President has also ordered a govern­ · effort tO provide new sources of energy for shortages. ment-wide review of energy consumption the use of future generations. A break­ The dimensions of the energy crisis may by Federal departments and agencies in an through at least equivalent to the discovery be better appreciated lby reference to current effort to achieve an anticipated 7 percent of nuclear energy is essential. The potential estimates of the extent of our remaining government energy consumption reduction of exotic energy sources should be fully ex­ domestic energy resources: over the next 12 months, and has urged plored, in line with the work now being done Potentially recoverable petroleum resources State and local governments to undertake to harness solar and geothermal energy. would be adequate to meet future demand similar programs. In addition, the Secretary In addition, expanded research in fuel cell growing at the rate of 3 percent yearly for of Transportation is asking the air transport technology, fusion, and magnetohydrody­ 44 years; industry to consider immediate reductions namics may afford the basis for the power Recoverable shale oil reserves at present in flight frequencies and aircraft cruising systems of the 21st century. demand levels to implement oil supplies for speeds. An aircraft speed reduction of 3 per­ The challenge which the energy crisis poses about 35 years after depletion of present cent adds 12 minutes to a transcontinental for the nation's scientific community is awe­ . potentially recoverable oil reserves; :flight, but could save 200 million gallons of some. Failure to meet it could result in a Potentiapy recoverable gas resources would jet fuel yearly. Likewise, reducing flight fre­ total, and in my view, regressive alteration . be adequate to meet future deman~ growing quencies to raise national average aircraft in our national way of life. at the rate of 1.4 percent yearly for 65 · load factors from 52 percent to 60 percent I would hope today to impress upon you, as years; . could save as much as 1.3 billion gallons of the most able young scientTsts in America, Identified coal resources would be equiva- jet fuel yearly. the need for the commitment of your talents lent ~ 300 years' supply at a grqwth rate of The announcement of a greatly expanded . to this critical enterprise. demand of 2.4 percent yearly; . energy research and development program Recoverable uranium resources at $30 per · in the June 29 Energy Message, as recom- . pound would be adequate to meet the pro- mended by Senator Randolph and Senator · jected levels of nuclear generation under : Jackson is a recognition by the President LONG ISLAND'S FIRST LADY present technology (without the breeder re- that soiution of ;ur energy problems re- · . actor) growing at the rate of 18 percent quires a massive scientific effort. In raising yearly for 32 yea:s. . -his sights to accord with Senator Randolph's From these estimates, It would app~ar that view, the President has proposed an addi­ · HON. LESTER L. WOLFF substantial energy reserves remain. In !"'b- _tional $100 million for priority energy R&D OF NEW YORK solute terms this is true, but in practwal . projects over and above the $25 million · terms of energy that is actually deliverable already requested in the fiscal 1975 budget, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to consumers, very real domestic shortages in addition to an overall proposal of $10 Tuesday, July 17, 1973 · exist with respect to natural gas, petroleum, billion for energy R&D for the next five years . and possibly uranium. beginning in 1975. Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, I wish to As only pa~tial recovery of these resources Corresponding to this funding increase, the mention the unceasing efforts expended may be poss1ble because of economic and President has also proposed to consolidate by Gertrude Merinoff in behalf of the environmental limitations, the supply of current Federal energy research and develop­ Association for the Help of Retarded deliverable, usable, energy may be signifi- ment efforts in a single body the Energy Children. Mrs. Merinoff was recently cantly less than the order of magnitude rep- Research and Development Administration. chosen as the recipient of the 13th an­ resented by these estimates. The ERDA would build upon the flcientiflc nual Humanitarian Award of the Nassau • • • • • and technical base of the Atomic Energy County chapter of AHRC. At this point, I would like to turn to some Commission, using the AEC's technical man­ suggested initiatives for resolving the en- agement and laboratory resources, whlle add­ Mrs. Merinoff and her late husband, ergy crisis and the issues raised if those ing the fossil-fuel research and development Charles, gave generously of themselves initiatives are in fact pursued. operations of the Department of Interior. to enable AHRC to reach ever-increasing If there may be said to be one guiding Approval of these proposals by Congress numbers of young children who ·might policy objective which has near unanimous wlll contribute immeasurably to the attain­ support among those trying to alleviate the ment of the following basic objectives of our otherwise be forced to live their lives in energy crisis, it is the need for energy self- energy research and development activity. uncaring and inadequate institutions·. sufficiency. Continued and increasing rell- An initial goal of our energy R&D program The · Charles and Gertrude Merinoff ance on foreign energy resources is wholly should be to improve our technological ca­ Center will be built in Brookville to com­ unsatisfactory, whether in terms of supply pacity for full development of our domes­ memorate their contributions. It is de­ dependability, national security or balance · tic resource base, consistent with the pres­ of payments disequilibrium, although for the ervation of environmental integrity. For ex­ signed to enable retarded children to short-term such reliance on imports appears ample, we need to expand and accelerate the transfer from specialized educational fa­ unavoidable. projects now underway for utilization of cilities into classroom situations with The President's Energy Message of April 18, our abundant coal resources. These include, normal children. The center will offer 1973, outlines proposals ultimately directed among others, gasification of coal to produce classroom services for young, preschool, at the restoration of a self-supporting na- natural gas, refinement of coal to produce tional energy resource base. Among these low sulfur content derivative fuels, coal retarded youngsters. A description of the are a deregulation of the price of natural liquefaction, strip mining reclamation tech­ center and its plans follows these gas at the wellhead, immediate construction nology, and improved stack gas desulfuriza­ remarks. of the Alaska pipeline, an expanded offshore tion and cleaning techniques associated With Mrs. Merinoff was honored for herded­ leasing program, a restructuring of the Oil coal consumption. icated service and oustanding generosity Import Program, deepwater port construe- The accessibility problems created by the on behalf of retarded children at the tion to facllltate the handling of petroleum search for oU and gas in deep water and arctic supertankers, and a program to expedite environments must be addressed, in addition 20t~ annual Rose· Ball for the Benefit of site selection and construction of electric to the development of an adequate pipeline Retarded Children on June 16 at the New power facilities. The President's Energy Mes- technology for delivering the oil and gas York Hilton. She was presented with a sage of June 29, 1973, urged a commitment by produced in these remote areas. Likewise, statue entitled, ''Love," bearing this in­ all sectors of society to an energy conserva- an environmentally acceptable extraction scription: July 17,-1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24395 She reached out to our children and en­ lished an editorial on Wednesday,· July 4, taking today is followed by the kind of re­ circled them with the warmth of her heart. sponse that brought us the Declaration of 1973, which is worthy of note. Indepen.ience on this day in 1776? With love and gratitude, Nassau County This editorial, entitled "Taking Stock," Chapter, New York State Association for Re­ presents some serious thoughts we all tarded Children. should consider. It calls upon the Mem­ Further praise is due Helen Kaplan, bers of Congress and all Americans to REINTRODUCTION OF THE NA­ executive director of the Nassau County restore the spirit of 1776 to this great TIONAL OIL RECYCLING ACT OF chapter. Mrs. Kaplan, a Baldwin resi­ Nation. 1973 dent, was one of the founders of the Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ AHRC, and has been with the Nassau sent that this editorial be printed in the County chapter for almost 25 years, Extension of Remarks at the conclusion HON. CHARLES A. VANIK spending over 10 years as executive di­ of my comments. OF OHIO rector. Without her continuing efforts There being no objection, the editorial IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and enthusiasm, the AHRC in Nassau was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, would not be the vital organization it is as follows: Tuesday, July 17, 1973 today. TAKING STOCK Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, I take great My congratulations to AHRC for a No time is more appropriate for a Nation pleasure in joining with 30 of my col­ well-chosen honoree, to Helen Kaplan, to take stock of itself than on its birthday­ leagues in reintroducing the National and to Ruth Drucker and Herman Merin­ in the case of the United States, July 4. Oil Recycling Act of 1973. In this period · On this Independence Day, few Americans off, Gertrude and Charles Merinoff's can fail to be disturbed, as they take stock of energy shortages and environmental children. of our strengths and weaknesses, by the concern, the problem of waste oil stands The description follows: multiplicity of the latter. as an area where positive Federal action· THE CHARLES AND GERTRUDE MERINOFF we are, as a Nation, fascinated by a per­ is not only possible but also vi tally CENTER formance in the Senate which centers needed. Slt•.1ated on the 18 acres of the Educa­ around a parade of unsupported statements, The extent of the waste oil problem is tional Center of the Association for the Help insinuations and hearsay testimony that staggering. Industry produced roughly of Retarded Children in Brookville, Long would never be admitted as evidence in a 330 million gallons of waste oil in 1971. Island, the Charles and Gertrude Merinoff court of law, and we are in the process of The automobile contributed close to an­ Center will offer classroom services primarily forming our attitudes on the basis of this for young, pre-school retarded children. Roman holiday. Every bit of real evidence, other 700 million gallons. All of this used After about two years at the Center, most down to the final crossed "t" and dotted "i," oil-over 1 billion gallons-can be re­ of the children will then be ready to trans­ ought to be elicited-but in accordance with cycled to produce a useful resource for fer to special classes in the public schools. sound judicial procedure. our Nation's economy. Unfortunately, The professionJ.lly staffed, well equipped We are degraded by the fact tha t , in some only a fraction of our total oil waste is building will contain eight classrooms ac­ m anner, a President of the Unit ed States now reused. Most of our used oil is dis­ commodating 75 children on a regular 5 could have become surrounded by a group posed of in ways which threaten the day basis throughout the school year. At of assistants to whom honor apparently was other times it will be available to enhance quality of our environment--it is spread an unknown word. The urgent question is, on roads to control dust, burned, or sim­ and supplement other AHRC programs al­ "Why? And how can such a situation be ready in operation such as the summer camp prevented from happening again in either a ply dumped into land fills, waterways, or program now providing recreation and train­ Republican or Democratic administration?" sewers. ing to 400 youngsters each summer. we are shamed by Senate action which has Used oils pose a significant environ­ In addition, the Center will include a forced the President of the United States to mental threat because o-:: their chemical well-equipped dental clinic . . . a satellite agree to remove, within less than two months, characteristics. Additive packages, intro­ of the Dentistry Department of Long Island any possibility that we might reinforce the duced into new oil by producers inter­ Jewish Hospital. All dental services which ceasefire which so many thousands of our can be performed without general anesthesia ested in improving the performance of m an died to achieve. If this is followed by their product, increase the chemical sta­ will be available to any retarded child, or rapid conquest of the anti-Communist peo­ adult, in need of clinic services in Nassau ples of Southeast Asia, the blood of Amer­ bility of the oil. When this oil is finally County. Whereas some of the dental per­ icans and Asians alike will be on the hands discarded, these synthetic compounds sonnel will be employed by AHRC, there retard the natural processes which work will be additional voluntary dental service of elected senators and representatives who through the hospital. are not worthy successors of George Washing­ to decompose the oil. Included in the plans of the approxi­ ton, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Additionally, waste oil contains toxic mately 15 thousand square foot building Madison and all the others who put liberty materials which makes the careless dis­ is a speech and hearing center. It will be above personal security. posal of waste oil even more worrisome. the first of its kind in Nassau County since We are tormented by an unnatural econ­ omy which has had to be twisted into a so­ Zinc, lead, barium, phosphorus, boron, it will be designed to focus only on the and copper are among the elements speech and hearing needs of the marginal cialistic type of control, and--even with to profoundly mentally retarded population. that-is malfunctioning to the extent that which find their way into our air and The extended space will give us the oppor­ food shortages threaten. Freedom, forced to water through the vehicle of used oil. tunity to design a language environment retreat ~n many parts of the world, has dis­ Beyond the tremendous pollution more conducive to speech as well as audio­ appeared from our economy for the time be­ threat that the improper disposal of logical assessment. Our current affiliations ing when poultry growers as a result of inept with local universities may also be extended government action feel impelled to slaughter waste oil poses, we are also unnecessarily as a result of the new center which will hundreds of thousands of baby chicks in the wasting an available energy source in a result in our ability to service still more face of :neat shortages. time of acute energy shortage. The tech­ children. Our school fur..ds are eaten up by ex­ nology exists to refine this oil into a An all-purpose playroom, with specially pensive, time-consuming, dangerous and satisfactory fuel. In fact, a corporation designed equipment for the pre-school age frustrating busing while our children do group is a feature of the new building. In without needed teachers who could remedy under contract with EPA has demon­ addition to school offices, a conference room/ shortcomings in learning. strated that a "clean" fuel oil can be lecture hall will serve the dual purpose of We spend ever-larger amounts of money produced from waste oil. a lecture room for the great number of for poverty projects, only to see the relief In view of the potential resource of rolls steadily expand. visitors who come to AHRC to learn the Moral standards are thrown in the trash waste oil and the hazardous alternative content of our program, as well as a con­ can as millions wallow in pornography-lit­ of careless disposal, it is distressing that ference roo:J;U for staff. erary and cinematic-and in the sort of life until v.ery recently the Federal Govern­ that such filth reflects, and then wonder ment has done little to promote there­ sadly why their every action seems to lead cycling of used oil. Instead, an ill-con­ TAKING STOCK to frustration and despair. Is this the sort of society that the men of ceived patchwork of tax provisions and 1776 died to establish? uninformed rulings by the Federal Trade HON. STROM THURMOND Isn't it about time the Spirit of 1776 was Commission have created a series of un­ OF SOUTH CAROLINA restored again by latter-day Patrick Henrys, necessary barriers to a vigorous program IN THE SENATE OF THE ·UNITED STATES Thomas Paines and John Peter Zengers? · of waste oil recovery. The legislation my If, as historian Arnold Toynbee has said, Tuesday, July 17, 1973 · history is the record of challenge and .re.­ colleagues and I are introducing today Mr. THURMOND. Mr. Pi·esident, the sponse, isn't it high time that the challenge removes· some of these inequities and Augusta Chronicle, Augusta, Ga., pub-· of what we see in a frank and candid stock- makes a positive first step to the develop- 24396 EXTENSIONS OF REMARI(S July 17, 1973 ment of a national strategy for using our 'VESTERN EUROPE'S DRIFT sational disclosures were buried after a long tremendous volumes of waste oil. TOWARD NEUTRALISM story about a truck spilling a load of milk In section 4 of the bill, a coherent tax . •. when NATO Foreign Ministers gathered in Copenhagen . . . they faced a twofold policy to recycled and new oil is formu­ threat: a Soviet buildup that cannot be ig­ lated. Under present law undue tax dis­ HON. PHILIP M. CRANE nored, and a public that increasingly doesn't criminations are placed on the rere:finer. OF ILLINOIS give a damn. These discriminations are directly re­ sponsible for the drop in domestic rere­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. De Borchgrave writes that­ finers from 150 in 1965 to 48 today. Tuesday, July 17, 1973 Western Europe is sliding toward neutral­ ism. And in off-the-reco:·d talks in six capi­ The second key feature of this bill Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, the soft tals, I was told by key ·toreign and defense mandates that all rere:fined oil be labeled words which are being heard from the policy planners that th1:y are powerless to "recycled oil." In addition, all automo­ Soviet Union at the present time should reverse the drift ... the West European in­ tive and industrial oil, whether new or not blind us to the reality of the real clination to let down its guard has been en­ recycled, must be sold in containers goals inherent in their current approach. couraged by the mistaken notion ... that which bear the inscription: The Soviet Union seeks to disarm the detente-minded doves in the U.S.S.R. have It is in the nat.ional interest to recycle this West, and particularly Western Europe, won a Kremlin showdown. product after use. and it has decided that the best way to The situation facing us is one in which Under present rulings of the Federal implement such a policy is to cause the the Western nations are doing precisely Trade Commission, all recycled oil must leadership and people of Western Europe the things the Communist leadership be labeled, "previously used." This re­ and the United States to believe that wants them to do, and in the process are quirement represents another unneces­ communism is no longer a threat, and endangering the freedom of their peoples sary discriminati.on for the rerefiner try­ no longer is pursuing a policy of world and the security of their countries. I wish domination. to share with my colleagues the article, ing to market his product. Writing in The World Today, Malcolm Beyond these two provisions, the Na­ "Western Europe's Drift Toward Neu­ Mackintosh points out that: tralism," by Arnaud de Borchgrave in tional Oil Recycling Act makes a positive The Soviet leaders hope that, by skillful the June 25, 1973 issue of Newsweek, and step toward an activist waste oil recov.ery and patient tactics over a long period, they insert it into the RECORD at this time: · policy. The problem of recycling oil is and their successors could influence West essentially twofold. First, there is the European politics. Even in the short term an WESTERN EUROPE'S DRIFT TOWARD atmosphere might be fostered in which NEUTRALISM need to establish an effective program for NATO found it difficult to maintain its mili­ (By Arnaud de Borchgrave) collecting, storing, and reprocessing used tary strength; differences within the west­ Two weeks ago, NATO released an intelli­ oil. Second, there is the problem of the ern alliance might be exploited; and an at­ gence study of Soviet military strength in growing number of individuals who tempt made to inhibit the enlarged EEC from Eastern Europe-and the details were startl­ handle waste oil-the "do-it-yourself" moving forward toward political integration. ing. In the past five years, Warsaw Pact ar­ oil changer. Recent data indicates that as mies have deployed 6,000 additional tanks Mr. Mackintosh cautions that: (to increase their advantage to 4 to 1), and much as 30 percent of automotive waste However remote it may seem, one should the number of Russian aircraft poised oil is disposed of directly by individuals. not lose sight of the kind of Europe which against Western Europe is up 50 per cent. An effective national policy must bal­ the present Soviet leaders would like to see: But on the Belgium Radio news that night, ance incentive with regulation. This leg­ an Eastern Europe firmly under Soviet domi­ these sensational disclosures were buried af­ nation, its political systems and frontiers ter a long story about a truck spilling a load islation confronts the twofold problem unchallenged by the West; a Western Europe of milk. Then, when NATO Foreign Minis­ with a comprehensive response: divided both politically and economically, ters gathered in Copenhagen last week for All automobile oil sold to the consumer without binding military ties or defense links their spring meeting, they faced a twofold for self-service shall be sold in resealable to the United States; each country with min­ threat: a Soviet buildup that cannot be ig­ imum forces deployed only on its own tern­ nored, and a public that increasingly doesn't containers to facilitate recycling. A 10- tory, and, hopefully persuaded of the need cent deposit will be offered on each con­ give a damn. to make its own bilateral deal with the Soviet Indeed, Western Europe's attitude toward tainer. Union on foreign policy issues. the Soviet Union can be paraphrased as: Any person selling automobile oil shall The signs of European lack of willing­ "Don't bother us with news that disturbs our maintain collection facilities for waste ness to defend against Soviet incursions vision of a new era in which defense is obso­ oil. are mounting. A report drawn up by a lete." Under the magic spell of "pan-Euro­ Users of more than 100 gallons of in­ pean vistas," Western Europe is sliding to­ team of crisis-studies specialists at Mun­ ward neutralism. And in off-the-record talks dustrial oil will be required to keep com­ ich University claims that secondary and in six capitals, I was told by key foreign and plete records of the fate of the oil they high school students in West Germany defense policy planners that they are pow­ use. are increasingly rejecting the idea of erless to reverse the drift. The press recently In addition, this legislation authorizes compulsory military service and that the hailed as a Western "victory" at Helsinki $25 million to be available to the States teachers' union is waging a campaign the Russians• agreement on a European-se­ to encourage the recovery of waste oil. against military service. The report in­ curity-conference agenda that included some It is on the State level-in Massachu­ dicated that educated youth in general noncommittal verbiage about "freer circula­ setts, Maryland, Wisconsin, and Hawaii­ does not feel threatened by any outside tion of people, ideas and information." But that the most innovative work has been power, ignores the power of potential much more significant than this victory was the deadlock in Vienna, where the Russians done to promote recycling practices. In enemies, and even rejects information dealing with the necessity of protecting have dragged their feet on agreeing to a date addition, a number of local govern­ peace. Similar reports have come from for the start of talks on mutual and bal­ ments-such as Schenectady, N.Y.­ France, Belgium, Holland, and other anced force reductions. By procrastinating in have taken significant steps in this area. NATO countries. Vienna but appearing reasonable in Hel­ This legislation also authorizes moneys Recently, NATO released an intelli­ sinki, Moscow made sure that Western Eu­ for the improvement of technologies of gence study of Soviet military strength rope would continue what amounts to uni­ recycling. More extensive research is in Eastern Europe, showing that Warsaw lateral withdrawal. needed to insure that the full resource The West European inclination to let down Pact armies had deployed 6,000 addi­ its guard has been encouraged by the mis­ potential of waste oil can be exploited. tional tanks-to increase their advan­ taken notion-spread by Soviet diplomats on Mr. Speaker, the National Oil Recy­ tage 4 to l-and the number of Russian the cocktail circuit-that detente-minded cling Act makes a significant contribu­ aircraft poised against Western Europe doves in the U.S.S.R. have won a Kremlin tion to the solution of the problem of is up 50 percent. showdown against expansion-minded hawks. waste oil. It is my hope that this legisla­ Discussing this news. Arnaud de Only a few experts realize or care that Soviet tion will help mold a new national ethic Borchgrave, writing in Newsweek, notes party chief Leonid Brezhnev won his argu­ of economy and thrift in the use of our that- ments for a "new look" foreign policy by con­ country's irreplaceable resources. on the Belgium Radio news ... these sen- vincing his colleagues that it would be the July 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24397 most effective way to break up NATO and CONTINUATION OF A GOOD ALLI­ diplomatic script in Europe is being written neutralize Western Europe. While Moscow ANCE WITHIN NATO by the independent-minded West German has made an important shift in tactics, pol­ Chancellor Willy Brandt. icy planners say the goals the Kremlin has Secretary of State William Rogers has as­ pursued since the early 1950s are unchanged. HON. STROM THURMOND sured our NATO partners that the summit HIT PARADE meeting between President Nixon and Soviet OF SOUTH CAROLINA Chairman Leonid Brezhnev will bring them For practical purposes, Moscow has IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES no unpleasant surprises about America's achieved two of its four main geopolitical commitment to European defense. The NATO objectives: conventional military superiority Tuesday, July 17, 1973 ministers have assured Mr. Rogers they un­ in Europe over the U.S. and its allies, and rec­ Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, an derstand the need for solidarity in the West­ ognition of Moscow's hold on Eastern Europe. ern approach to the European Security Con­ Next on the Kremlin hit parade is the with­ editorial entitled "NATO a Good Alli­ ference in Helsinki and the force reduction drawal of U.S. forces from Europe and the ance, Must Be Kept Intact," appeared in talks between NATO and the Warsaw Pact collapse of NATO. This, in the Kremlin sce­ the Friday, July 6, 1973, issue of the in Vienna. nario, is to come about as a result of internal Aiken Standard newspaper in Aiken, S.C. These assurances would be far more com­ pressures in the United States and growing This editorial drives home the impor­ forting if the nations which must back them European doubts about American reliability. tance of maintaining a credible deter­ up were exhibiting more of the community Despite Secretary of State William Rogers' ef­ rence in NATO and the need for soli­ of interest and dedication to common goals fort to reassure America's allies last week, darity among all the NATO partners. that brought NATO into being in the first many openly voiced fears of a "new Yalta"­ place. a Nixon-Brezhnev deal behind NATO's back Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ on troop cuts- which would leave Europe sent that this editorial be printed in the in 'the lurch. The fourth Kremlin goal-to Extensions of Remarks at the conclusion "DELTA QUEEN" put the productive capacity of the West to of my comments. work for the Soviet Union-is also very much There being no objection, the editorial on track. An analysis of Brezhnev's recent was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, HON. TOM RAILSBACK visist to West Germany shows that the Rus­ OF ILLINOIS sians certainly got the better of the eco­ as follows: NATO A GooD ALLIANCE, MusT IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nomic bargain. BE KEPT INTACT West German Chancellor Willy Brandt's Tuesday, July 17, 1973 preoccupation with Ostpolitik and the Foreign Minister Michel Jobert of France, strengthening of Germany's economic ties whose country is often the maverick among Mr. RAILSBACK. Mr. Speaker, H.R. with Russia, moreover, will delay and hin­ the 15 nations making up the North Atlantic 5649, the bill to extend until November 1, Treaty Organization, managed to give an up­ der the consolidation of the West European 1978, the existing exemption of the beat tone to his parting remarks at the re­ steamboat Delta Queen, is scheduled for community. But the biggest obstacle to real cent NATO ministers conference in Copen­ European union remains France-whose con­ hagen. "We have a good alliance-let's keep consideration today, Tuesday, July 17. cept of a united Europe is Paris thumbing its it!" he declared. Recently I ran across an article in the nose at the United States. What other Eu­ NATO indeed is a good alliance and it Christian Science Monitor which should ropean officials are saying about the French must be kept. The French depend on it as be of interest to my colleagues. isn't fit to print in a family magazine. So in much as any Europeans. The question Mr. The article points to an important studied disunity, West European nations go Jobert left dangling was whether France and aspect of the Delta Queen not mentioned on spending $28 billion a year on independ­ other Western European nations are prepared in the bill-its educational aspect. The ent conventional forces that have little if to make the changes in their policies toward floating seminars for young people are any credibility. Budget and personnel prob­ NATO-and in some cases toward each certainly "an intimation of the boat's lems grow more serious by the month. Den­ other-which are necessary to keep the alli­ ance strong. potential as an on-moving educational mark cuts back its armed forces and post­ resource," bringing young people to­ pones modernization. Belgium further re­ Mr. Jobert remained aloof when other ministers at Copenhagen acknowledged that gether to exchange ideas. The Delta duces compulsory military service, and West their nations may have to dig deeper into Queen stands for much more than nos­ Germany's Second Army Corps drops to 42 their own pockets to help defray the $1.5 bJ).­ talgia. I support H.R. 5649 so that the per cent of combat strength. lion annual cost of maintaining 300,000 U.S. last paddlewheeler can continue to be a The real problem for Mr. Nixon and the troops in Europe-the backbone of NATO. source of education as well as history for Europeans is that as long as Western Europe Secretary of State William Rogers apparent­ years to come. does not exist as a strong entity that can ly convinced most if not all of the ministers stand up to the Soviet Union, there is no Mr. Speaker, I include in the RECORD that our troop commitment is in trouble in the following for the review of my substitute for American power. U.S. disen­ Congress, both as an item in a tight defense gagement from Europe would be an open in­ budget and as a drain of dollars overseas. colleagues: vitation to Russia to become the military That issue is an old one, however, and our SAVING THE LAST PADDLEWHEELER supervisory power on the Continent-an in­ NATO partners are simply tardy in attending (By William Marlin) tolerable shift in the world balance of power. to it. What should concern the ministers as Somewhere up the darkened Mississippi But for the United States to continue play­ much are strains which current political and from the New Orleans levee, paddlewheeler ing its defensive role, the Europeans-with economic problems are placing on the At­ boatmen would drop a line and shout, "Mark monetary reserves twice the size of Amer­ lantic Alliance, and the abiding need for re­ Twain I" Hearing it, a captain would adjust ica's-will have to contribute more. Despite view of its underlying principles in a "new course toward more dependable depths. A vehement disclaimers from Paris, interna­ Atlantic Charter." hand named Samuel Clemens would adjust tional monetary reform, the Nixon round of Most countries of Western Europe are his toward literary greatness. And an ex­ wrestling with inflation problems worse than pansive era of American history would take trade negotiations and the U.S. presence in our own. Both Italy and Denmark are in the Europe are inextricably linked. soundings of its own. midst of governmental crises. Greece has Plying out of that period, and into our Two months ago, the Nixon Administra­ been wrenched by the dethronement of its own, only one paddlewheeler remains-the tion asked Europe what sort of relationship it exiled king and the beginning of what could 285-ft. Delta Queen. To the chagrin of many wanted with the United States over the next be a perilous transition back toward dem­ who relish a revival of leisure-time river decade. Not only has there been no concerted ocratic governmen-t;. Great Britain and Ice­ traffic, she may be scuttled if the National European answer; unreconstructed Gaullists land are locked in a "cod war" over fishing Trust for Historic Preservation and allied even objected to any discussion of the ques­ rights, and Iceland is threatening to expel groups do not get their way in Congress. tion. But in Copenhagen last week, France NATO from the Kefiavik base used to moni­ The Mississippi is federal water, which agreed to let NATO at least think about a tor Soviet maritime traffic in the North means the Delta Queen comes under the safe­ new "conceptual framework" for the alliance. Atlantic. ty at sea law-the measures of which her The one they come up with had better be Meanwhile, a new status quo is emerging owners, the Greene Line steamers, have suc­ good. For unless the Atlantic concept is re­ in Central Europe. The new pacts between cessfully met. vived and strengthened-based on today's West and East Germany, and their forth­ But even with safety improvements, the realities and with the understanding and coming admission to the United Nations as existing congressional exemption from the support of the people-protectionist, isola­ separate states, cannot be ignored for their law wUl run out on Nov. 1, and the boat's tionist and neutralist forces will scuttle impact on the Atlantic Community. Like it backers are seeking a five-year extension. what's left of the partnership. or not, NATO faces the fact that much of the Fortunately, the extension may "float," so 24398 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 17, 1973 to speak. But the question of an extension, One man in particular has worked long The public? The pub11c be damned. however much it is to be prized, may be de­ tracting attention from the central issue. and hard, for 20 years, at maintaining Let us not forget Marie Antoinette, of This is the Delta Queen's long-term sur­ a bond of friendship among the division's revered memory, who, in the same spirit, Yival as a roving ambassador of American veterans. Ira I. Greenhut has given voice when informed that her subjects were history, tying up at various cities and towns to their postservice activities as editor hungry and lacked bread, piped up: :tlong the nation's major river system. of the association's All American News. Then let them eat cake. Last spring, for example, members of the and is now retiring from those duties. national trust used the Delta Queen for a Mr. Greenhut has done an excellent However, insofar as Butz is concerned, week-long cruise which included educational job, working without salary and promot­ it may best be summed up by a memor­ programs for 25 young people between 9 and able cartoon of Anthony Comstock 16. Just as important as the :tloating seminars ing the finest ideals of Americanism. A n.n.d discussions, however, were the meet­ man of distinguished background, he at­ standing before a scowling judge, hold­ ings which occurred on the levees, or on tended New York Law School and grad­ ing a terrified young woman by the visits to various landlocked landmarks en­ uated in the class of 1918. For 54 years, scruff of her neclc. He is saying, in high route. That kind of elbow-rubbing between he has been a member of the Lexington, dudgeon: people, and between the present and past, Ky., McKee Post of the Veterans of For­ Your honor, this shameless woman dared came through as cheerfully as the Delta eign Wars. He also is a member of the t o give birth to a naked child. Queen's calliope-an intimation of the boat's potential as an on-moving educational re­ Order of Lafayette. Now he has com­ They all fit like the proverbial glove. source. pleted two decades of outstanding work So let us be thankful for his fleeting There are a number of pending bills which for the 82d Division Association, and his presence, to remind us of how unworthy would prevent her hitting bottom next No­ presence there will be sorely missed by we are of him. vember. H.R. 5649 was introduced last March all members and readers. I pay tribute to by Rep. Leonor K. Sullivan (D) of Missouri, his diligent, good work and I wish him who is chairman of the House Committee well in whatever he next undertakes. on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. 1\frs. Sul­ Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ livan's measure would exempt the Delta ACLU BRINGS FORCED STERIT..IZA­ Queen until Nov. 1, 1978--:tive years to bide sent that my comments be printed in TION SUIT IN NORTH CAROLINA time, finish building a second, spanking new the Extensions of Remarks. Delta Queen (now in construction), and find a way to keep the original for good. HON. BELLAS. ABZUG A bill introduced by Sen. Robert Taft (R) OF NEW YORK of Ohio, in April, is similar to the Sullivan SAINT EARL'S EPISTLES TO THE measure; his s. 1625 awaits hearings before CONSUMERS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Senate Commerce Committee. D1.1.ring Tuesday, July 17, 1973 testimony late last May before Representa­ tive Sullivan's committee, Coast Guard of­ Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, in the ficials insisted that the Delta Queen is un­ HON. FRANK J. BRASCO shadow of the highly publicized Relf safe, even though later testimony confirmed OF NEW YORK sterilization case are countless anony­ that she is .regularly inspected. Evidence IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mous instances whereby poor black of crew competence ('75 hands) and safety Tuesday, July 17, 1973 women became helpless victims of forced precautions was present-ed. sterilization procedures. Horrified by So was evidence of ardent public support Mr. BRASCO. Mr. Speaker, Agricul­ such unlawful brutality, I joined several for the boat's new lease on life. In light of ture Secretary Earl L. Butz has blamed this, the Coast Guard might do well to sc1·ub groups across the Nation in demanding its decks of some o! the legal barnacles of the consumers for the administraton's re­ a prohibition against the sterilization of safety at sea law. Modem-day techniques cent price freeze. Speaking before young minors. In addition, I voiced the need for allow a boat like the Delta Queen to be per­ civic leaders at Kenansville, N.C .• he con­ more stringent regulations governing the fectly safe-despite the law. Properly main­ tended that consumers with more spend­ sterilization of retarded persons. I hope tained and inspected, and equipped with up­ ing money are causing soaring food costs, that within the next 2 days, Health, Edu­ to-date navigational devices, there is no rea­ which in turn mandated the freeze. cation, and Welfare Secretary Caspar son why this venerable vessel should have to According to him, even though con­ bow out of the American scene. Weinberger will present the safe and It is not for nostalgia that the Congress sumers are to blame, they do not realize equitable guidelines which he promised should pass favorably on the pending meas­ the enormity of their deeds. It seems we upon tempor&1ly suspending steriliza­ ures. The preservation and operation of the dare to blame the administration and tion funds recently. Delta Queen pertain to a very real need­ bankrupt farm polices for the present The flagrant abuse of current steriliza­ that of education, the exchange of ideas catastrophic state of affairs. He places tion law is graphically demonstrated by in a setting which is both physical and sym­ the blame where it belongs; on the the case of Nial Ruth Cox of North Caro­ bolic. It is to be hoped that the Delta Queen American consumer. would help us landlubbers gain a greater lina. The American Civil Liberties Union sense of history, of each other. Those arc How dare we insist on eating meat, has recently brought a class action suit Ughts on her bridge might just illuminate thereby hiking ground beef prices to challenging a State statute providing for more than the shore. $1.27 per pound? How could America's sterilization of mentally defective per­ shoppers be so dense as to drive the price sons. ACLU lawYers seek a declaratory: of lettuce to 70 cents per head by in­ judgment that the statute is unconstitu­ sisting on green salads? For shame. A tional as well as $1 million in dama&es mAL. GREENHUT TO RETIRE FROM massive act of public contrition is in for the physical and emotional injury 82D DIVISION ASSOCIATION order. suffered by Nial Ruth Cox as a result of The Secretary should be singled out for the sterilization operation. praise for calling attention to this out­ Following is an ACLU statement de­ HON. HERMAN E. TALMADGE rageous situation. Nor is this the first scribing Ms. Cox' case: OF GEORGIA time he has spoken out in such a man­ Nia.l Ruth Cox, a black woman, was 18 at IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES ner. Remember when meat boycotts the time of the operation, a minor under Tuesday, July 17, 1973 started, and he claimed consumers were North Carolina law. Neither she nor her to blame for meat prices? mother understood the nature of the opera­ Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, the Such wisdom, courage, and perspicac­ tion performed on her. She is not, and never 82d Division Association was formed to ity must be recognized and rewarded. has been, mentally defective, despite an as­ serve as a means of communication sertion by the doctor who performed the op­ among veterans who served in one of our Butz should be accorded a place in his­ eration that she was an .. 18 year old mentally most outstanding military units during tory alongside other government im­ deficient Negro · girl." Nial Ruth•s mother, mortals, such as Calvin Coolidge, who Devora Cox, under threat of removal from World Wars I and II. said: the welfare rolls of her entire family, .. con­ These men distinguished themselves TI1.e business of America-is business. sented" to what she was told was a temporary in times of great national need. Often tying of her daughter's tubes. There are no when a. person leaves the armed services, If thumping non sequiturs do not procedural safeguards in North Carolina to he loses touch with many close friends, move you, then perhaps we might refer prevent the sterilization of minors if a par­ but because of the association, the 82d to Commodore Vanderbilt's immortal ent or guardian gives consent. "Consent" in Division remains unified and in contact. words, akin to Butz'latest: this case was to a temporary procedure- July 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24399 under coercion-which was not explained to, 1973. On June 6, 1973 the White House What makes this idea all the more allur­ or understood by, either Nial.Ruth Cox or her announced that Haig would retire from ing is that there are many hundreds of chil­ dren waiting to be adopted, especially the mother. Neither plainttif nor her mother was the Army on August 1. accorded at any other time an opportunity to older, bandicapped or minority child, who question the proceedings. ACLU lawyer, Mr. Speaker, General Haig should might be placed in a loving permanent hGold Diggers of 1933," experts at the meeting or by diplomatic "Anthony Adverse," "Five Star Final," MervYn LeRoy has long been a cham­ representatives shortly thereafter. "Quo Vadis," "The Wizard of Oz," "Ma­ pion of social reform, evidenced by such Regarding your specific questions: Ques­ dame Curie," "Little Women," "Mister early pictures as "I Am a Fugitive From tion 1: The United States in its proposed Roberts," "Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo," a Chain Gang," which was an attack changes to the I.U.C.N. draft suggested the "The Bad Seed," and "Gypsy," to name against the maltreatment of prison In­ inclusion of a section calling for the negotia­ but a few of his 75 motion pictures. mates; "They Won't Forget,'' the film tion of a convention protecting polar bear that introduced Lana Turner to the populations both on the high seas and in His talent and his good taste have en­ national territories. Question 2: The Soviet riched all of our lives. Many of his films screen, but which is also memorable for Union banned polar bear hunting in 1956, are considered among the greatest ever its attack on the principle of the lynch but no other nation has taken a similar made. law; "Blossoms in the Dust," a t~·eatise position. Question 3: The exceptions allowed Mervyn LeRoy is, however, much more against the labeling of children as il­ under the draft interim agreement, as cur­ than an accomplished director and pro­ legitimate; and "The House I Live In,·~ rently amended by the U.S., Canadian and ducer. He is a bold and courageous inno­ a documentary film which pleads for Norwegian · suggestions, would allow the brotherhood. hunting, killing and capture of polar bears vator; a humanitarian who has sought to for a) scientific purposes, b) as a continua­ inform as he also entertains; to illumine Mr. LeRoy is, in addition to all else, tion of the traditional hunting rights of even as he has explored some of the so­ a humanitarian, known for his personal local people, c) and for the protection of cial ills of the turbulent decades in which philanthropies and his constant readi­ human life or property. he has worked. ness to aid a worthy cause. His intimates The necessary scientific data is not avail­ Mr. LeRoy is a starmaker, having dis­ are also aware of his numerous unpub­ able for estimating what the total kill would covered, nurtured, and brought to full licized acts of kindness and help to his be under these exceptions. However, the bloom such talents as Edward G. Robin­ fellowman. agreement would almost completely stop son, Paul Muni, Robert Taylor, Judy He is also a sportsman, in the finest sport hunting of polar bears in the U.S. tradition of that word. ·As president of where virtually all the bears are on the pack Garland, Lana Turner, Greer Garson, ice, severely curtail it in Greenland and and many more. Hollywood Park he labors tirelessly to Norway where most of the bears are on the In a career that has spanned more bring added prestige to the sport of kings, pack ice, but have Uttle effect in Canada than 40 years, this gentleman has been and enjoyment to those who love horses. July 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24403 Mervyn LeRoy has filled his life with The idea in the screening programs general editorial policy of the Journal, achievement and with honor, and it is is to detect the hidden gene which is re­ I believe the newspaper's comments of my pleasure to salute him today. sponsible for the disease. The normal July 13 are particularly pertinent. gene produces an enzyme called hexo­ The newspaper article follows: saminidase A, or hex A, which breaks TROOPS ARE BARGAINING CHIP down fatty material in nerve cells. When Wisconsin Rep. Zablocki's House subcom­ NATIONAL TAY-SACHS DISEASE this enzyme is absent, fatty material be­ mittee is holding hearings on the question CONTROL ACT gins to accumulate in the nerve cells, whether to unilaterally withdraw American eventually destroying them and lead­ troops from Europe. Zablocki has made it clear that he opposes such a move. It is HON. LOUIS FREY, JR. · ing to the progressive deterioration of hoped that the subcommittee will reach the the nervous system. OF FLORIDA same collective decision. There is no treatment for the disease. Zablocki believes that this is not an auspi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The only hope lies in screening pro- cious time to bring US forces home. He. is ,. Tuesday, July 17, 1973 grams to identify carriers of the disease. correct. Formal negotiations with the Soviet bloc on mutual reduction of forces are sched­ Mr. FREY~ Mr. Speaker, I am today The first pilot program for screening "t.led to begin this fall in Vienna. Why should introducing the National Tay-Sachs Tay-Sachs carriers was carried out by the Russians negotiate if the US unilaterally Disease Control Act in an effort to re- the John F. Kennedy Institute of the .undertakes what the Kremlin would like to duce the numbers of Jewish children Johns Hopkins University under the di­ see--::a lessening of American military who die each year with Tay-Sachs, dis- rection of Dr. Michael Kaback. strength in Europe? ease. · It was designed not only to do large- In the opening of the closely related Hel­ This disease strikes 25 percent of the scale blood sampling, but also to offer sinki negotiations on European security, the offspring of Jewish parents who carry genetic counseling to those couples who Soviet Union let it be known that it had no intention of giving anything away in Eastern the abnormal gene responsible for the were identified as Tay-Sachs carriers. Europe. Moscow acknowledged the Western disease. The total cost of the Baltimore-Wash- aim of more East-West contact, but stated The death is a horrible one. ington pilot program was estimated its priorities in terms of "institutions, orga­ Often not detected until the fourth or around $100,000. nizations and people." Such a listing indi­ fifth month of life, the disease attacks According to the National Tay-Sachs cates that contacts would be closely con­ the infant's coordination and mental ca- and Allied Diseases Association there trolled, with individual contacts receiving pacity and the infant begins to waste are currently only 14 screening programs little more than lip service approval. Nor away. being conducted in major cities in this did the Russians rule out repeating of the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia. Under such Three or 4 years later, the retarded and country and these are privately funded. circumstances the West needs every tool it blind child, unable to eat, smile, tum If the screening pr<;>grams for Tay­ has to bargain. The presence of US troops in over, or show any other signs of emotion, Sachs are successful, . they will hope­ Europe is an essential one. dies. fully serve as prototypes for the detec- While there is no known cure for Tay- t~on and preve~tion. of other gen.etic Sachs often referred to as the "Jewish disorders, mcludmg sickle cell anemia­ diseas~" there have been sufficient · an inherited disorder specific to the H.R. 8949 AND H.R. 9048 breakthroughs in research which enable black population which attacks one chlid us to detect carriers of the gene. in every 400 black births-and cystic I propose, through my amendment to fibrosis-a. genetic di~ease carried by ·HON. MARJORIE S. HOLT . the Public Health Service Act, that Con- about one m 20 . Amencans of northern oF MARYLAND gress act promptly in appropriating $3 Europea~ ancestry. . . · IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES million for research detection and Accordmg to the National Institute of screening. The legislation also a~thor- Neurological Diseases and Stroke, there Tuesday, July 17, 1973 izes counseling of those found to carry is now no specific fundiilg level provided Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, generally the genes responsible for Tay-Sachs. f~r Tay-S~chs disease through the Na- bills which come to the :floor under sus- Tay-Sachs is an inherited disorder . t10nal Institutes of Health. . pension of the rules are noncontroversial caused by an absence of a vital enzyme . Mr.· Sp~aker,_ I ask my colleagues to pieces of legislation of little import. To­ in the body and resulting in the de- ~ve consuleration to enactment of this day, however, we will consider two bills, struction of the nervous system. The bill, a very necessary step in the direc- H.R. 8949 . and H.R. 9048, which are ex­ disease is transmitted as an autosomal tion of detecting, and perhaps ultimately tremely important to our Nation's vet­ recessive trait and is invariably fatal. eliminating, this dread disease which erans and which I feel deserve some It is estimated that there are between preys on the Jewish population. · comments. 175 and 250 cases of Tay-Sachs disease The elimination of the interest rate each year ·in this country. ceiling on VA guaranteed or insured The disorder occurs 100 times more loans through the enactment of H.R. often in Ashkenazi Jews than in non- TROOPS ARE BARGAINING CHIP 8949 is a matter of pressing urgency. The Jews, and . in this group-which consti- expiration of June 30 of the Secretary of tutes 90 percent of the U.S. Jewish pop- . HON. VERNON W. THOMSON HUD authority to adjust interest rates ulation-it-is believed that one out of oF wiscoNsiN above the permanent ceiling of 6 per- every 30 persons is a Tay-Sachs carrier. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cent has effectively halted VA activities · CmTent interest in Tay-Sachs stems in the mortgage market. The net result is from the fact that although the disease Tuesday, July 17, 1973 that no VA loans have been made since is incurable, recent advances in research Mr. THOMSON of Wisconsin. Mr. July·t of this year. have made the disorder detectable before Speaker, my friend and colleague, the My office has received numerous calls birth. · gentleman from Wisconsin

. The goal for. the Centennial year 1s to bring with energy requirements much greater, fossll The President, the National Congress, all the Endowment Fund to $100,000• . Special fuels still provide ninety-eight percent of of our Governors, federal and state agencies. festivals and events to help achieve t~t the Nation's total energy requirements-but environmentalist and conservation groups. goal are st.ill in the planning. stage~ in very ditferent proportions. the energy industry and business leaders In 1950. coal, which is today our most in general must all pull together to solve abundant source of fuel and energy. con­ our energy problems and the time to act tributed thirty-eight percent; now it con­ is now. First, we must move strongly to conserve HON. DOLPH BRISCOE, GOVERNOR tributes only twenty percent. Natural gas contributed twenty percent in our energy and fuel supplies. OF TEXAS, SPEECH TO MIDWEST­ 1950, and has risen to thirty-three percent-­ I feel that state government should set the ERN GOVERNORS' CONFERENCE while during this same period, oil moved example and on June eighth, I appointed from thirty-nine percent to forty-five per­ General Jim Rose of my staff to head up a cent. State Energy Conservation Task Force in­ HON. OUN E. TEAGUE The remaining three percent in 1950 was a volving all of the two hundred and forty OF TEXAS product of hydro-electric power, which has state agencies in a. massive and aggressive not significantly increased in more than program of conservation. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES twenty years, and with the addition of nu­ All State Agencies have been directed to Tuesday, July 17, 1973 clear power, the two combined furnish the implement strict and effective conservation remaining two percent at the present time. plans., and we are disseminating all of the Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker. If during this period, coal's share in the known conservation ideas to the agencies. the Honorable Dolph Briscoe. Governor energy market had risen ten to twelve per­ We have called for a thirty percent reduc­ of the State of Texas, addressed tbe Mid­ centage points--instead of an eighteen per­ tion in the use of electrical power with all western Governors' Conference on July cent decline, we would now be in good known economy measures in force at all 9, 1973. at their meeting in Rapid City, shape. times. His Artificially low prices imposed on the Wol'king through our Board oi Control, s. Dak. subject was our energy crjsis. petroleum industry and the impact of other which handles State purchasing and con­ the critical energy shortage. and his regulations .at the federal level are largely tracting, we have established a control over views as to the course of action we should responsible. , the distribution of gasoline and diesel iuel take. Certainly also, the reduction of the oil to State Agencies, holding them to last year's Under leave to extend my remarks .(iepletion allowance and the continuous levels . in the RECORD, I include the Governor's threat of reducing other tax incentives for In meeting with our largest agencies remarks: investors have acted to slow down explora­ Thursday, we have found that they can live, tion for new wells by the oil and gas indus­ with these amounts without reducing es­ ADDRESS BY Gov. DOLPH BRISCOE try, and to reduce the investment of needed sential services. Governor Ray-I am honored to be in­ capital by outside investors into high risk We are developing an intensive public serv­ vited to address this most distinguished drilling programs. Recent considerations be­ ice advertising and promotion program for group of State leaders on the most critical fore the National Congress-which would energy conservation which will involve a problem of energy shortages our Nation now provide that intangible drilling costs can no series of television and radio spots, printed. faces. It is a subject of vital concern to me, longer be expended ior individuals who are ads for newspapers. trade publications, pam­ to you and to the welfare of this great. not primarily in the oil business-has al­ phlets and useful give-away items. This pub­ Nation. And it is a problem that has been ready discouraged drilling investments, and licity program will be State-Wide in scope building up for more than twenty years, is further slowing down our already lagging and projected to develop an "Awareness" due largely to a lack of effective national domestic exploration program. throughout the State in government, busi­ leadership to fonnulate a comprehensive na­ The uncertainty over delivery of crude oil ness, industry and among all of our citizens tional energy policy which could have pre­ and uncertainty over the type of gasoline in general. vented the situation we now face from ever that will be permissible under EPA regula­ Our short range goals include the task of .occurring. tions means that for the first time in recent finding inunediate ways and means of con­ We have not done this, so today we are history. no new refineries are presently un­ serving energy in our state government running out of gas-and oil-and we have der construction and haven't been for five agencies as well as finding ways of encourag­ run out of time and the Country Is in trou­ years-.even though the demand for petro­ ing proper conservation practices through­ ble. We have dealt in stop-gap measures in leum products continues to increase. And out the State both in our business opera­ times of criSis and then quickly abandoned it now takes about three years to get siting tions and in our homes. the.m when the crisis subsided. approval on a refinery and about ten years Our long range goals include the task of. In my Judgment, most of our problems to­ to ·build a nuclear power plant. finding solutions to our energy shortages. . day have been generated by a series o! Surely the clash between environmen­ By conserving the energy resources we errors in the past. talists and energy proponents has helped to have, we can gain the time to seek and. find The abundant supply of natural gas and cause our shortage. Environmental concerns solutions to the overall problem of inade­ the low cost, which is due to Federal Power have blocked the way for o.trshore oil produc­ quate reserves to meet the ever-growing Commission well head pricing, have served tion and construction of the Alaskan pipe­ needs of our expanding population. to stimulate the demand for gas, keep the line. Also, more and more rules are being Our conservation efforts are working. and price of oil severely depressed, and have enforced to prevent the use of coal because we are receiving outstanding cooperation driven coal almost completely out of the of undesirable effects on the environment-­ from our State Agencies. domestic market. and coal is today our most abundant source This planning is not only saving our vital Natural gas is today our cleanest and most of fuel and energy. fuel resources, but it is helping us to stay desirable iuel, and this un-natural restric­ Environmental considerations are crucial­ within the State budget requirements while tion of price by governmental control has but they do not override all other con­ fuel costs are moving upward. resulted in lavish and wasteful .use which siderations. This Nation must reclaim its Our lowest bids for next year•s State re­ now threatens to exhaust the supply. If the land and preserve its environment, and at quirements came in three cents per gallon. government were to require that cadi.llacs' the same time provide the fuel necessary higher on gasoline, and four cents higher and chevrolets be sold for the same price. to meet our needs, and I am convinced that on diesel. there would. doubtless. be few Chevrolets we can do both--safely and effectively. Most important, we are getting the people sold, and they would soon be out of produc­ The fuel needs of all of the states must of TexaS thinking about energy conserva­ tion. In effect, this is what federal price con­ be met whether we are a producing or solely tion. Our ..Awareness" program is making trol has done in the use of natural gas as a consumer state. headway, and we are ·receiving many fine opposed to .coal and on. As Governor of an energy-producing suggestions and ideas from business owners, Probably, the most serious error of all was people in government and citizens all across the veto of the bill passed by Congress in State, I intend to do everything in my power to see that this is done and to seek solu­ our State. · 1956 that would have freed natural gas from I have also created a Governor's Energy the disastrous effect of the Federal Power tions to both onr short and long range Advisot·y Council with the primary goal of commission•s well head pricing. It forced an problems. · recommending to me a State Energy Polley aliEm system of economics upon our tr.adl­ Today, Texas is supplying approximately which will draw together the policy making tional concept of free enterprise and at­ twenty-five percent of the total energy de­ activities of the public and private sector• temptecl to place a commodity-natural mands of this N.ation. More than one-half of the State. gas-into a form of utility regulation. of the natural gas produced in Texas is Our Texas Offshore Terminal Commisison This action changed the energy consum­ transported out-of-state, and yet it is ironic has just completed its interim report. and ing habits o"f both industry and the home­ that the state--which once literally sat upon we are now pushing hard toward the con­ owner. one of the l.al'gest reserves of oil and gas struction of deep water terminals o1f the For example, in 1950, fossn fuels supplied in the world-now finds it is one of the first coast o! Texas to receive the new super-tank­ some ninety-seven percent of the total to feel the crippling e1Iects of an inadequate ers or very large crude carriers. These ahJps energy requirements of this Country. Today, gas supply. of over three hundred thousand tons caa CXIX--1540-Part 19 24416 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 17, 1973 move crude oil over long distances for . less Every state should develop its own ability For many years, Texaf! ·has . made.. a sig- · than half the cost· of an "average" thirty . to assess and develop its own energy re­ nificant contribution to the energy needs of thouse.nd ton tanker. sources. the United States and the world. In 1971, Texas exported to other oil-using And then-and only then-look outside And we shall continue to do so. regions of the United States an .average of the state to meet its additional needs. one point six million barrels of crude oil per Many states have energy resources that for day. one reason or another have not been de­ In 1980, the National Petroleum Council veloped while they import heavily from other MURDER BY HANDGUN: A CASE estimates that Texas will be importing three areas. We must now fully develop all of our and one-half million barrels of crude oil energy sources in all of our states. FOR GUN CONTROL-NO. 4 each day, and this will increase to more than Whatever it takes to get the job done, we five and one-half million barrels per day by mus.t do. If new federal or state legislation 1985. is needed, we must push for it. HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON Practically all of the oil imported into We must build the Alaskan ·pipeline. OF MASSACHUSETTS Texas after 1980 will have to come from the We must build the needed refineries. Persian Gulf, a distance of twelve thousand We must mine our coal and also reclaim IN THE HOUSE QF REPRESENTATIVES miles from the Texas Coast. Only super­ the land for effective use. Tuesday, July 17, 1973 tankers, with the economics of scale they We mUEit develop our nuclear capability­ offer, can deliver crude oil to Texas refin- and safety. Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, on eries at reasonable cost. · We must build our deep water terminals. a recent hot summer evening, Luis Torre.~ we must build these deep water tenninals, We must re-double our efforts to develop and his wife, Carmen, were sitting in ·a and we must have cooperation and assistance mass transit systems in our urban areas. park in The Bronx, N.Y..,- enjoying the from the Federal Government to simplify the - We must solve the pollution problems and night air. Mr. Torres was on -a -2-weeli procedures. To construct them wili require protect our environment and keep a bal­ vacation from his factory job. His three thorough planning and coordination among anced environmental program going. young 'children were vacationing i'Ii federal, state and local agencies. Throughout the long course of history of We need a single Federal Agep.cy to handle this great Country of ours, whenever the ex­ Puerto Rico. .. · · these super port applications with a legis-· istence of the Nation was threatened from The night began peacefully and pleas'­ lative mandate that requires precise and without or within, She has always responded antly, but it ended tragically. For with­ expeditious handling. strongly to meet the challenge. Such was out warning and without :reason, a teen­ Even then, it will take several years to tile case in the dark days of World War Two age robber fired two shots·at Luis Torres construct these terminals and we will have when our survival was threatened by a force with a pistol. The victim slumped to the to double our refineries, pipelines and other superior in numbers and weaponry--and we ground, fatally wounded in the head and transportation capability. had to find a faster way to victory. From this One thing is very certain-there is no as­ challenge to freedom came the "Manhattan neck. surance that the supply of foreign oil will Project" and atomic power which brought In a moment's time, one man was dead, be available in the quantities that we will an early end to the war and also changed one woman widowed, and three children need by 1980. Since by 1980, the world's con­ the entire world. were left fatherless. sumption will have almost doubled. Surely Once again, we are besieged-but in a dif­ Luis Torres' murder is the fourth one the price will have gone up too. ferent way-but also in a way that affects we have chronicled in the CoNGRESSIONAL In my judgment, our Nation is already our position and power in the world and our RECORD, and it is one of 21,000 senseless dangerously dependent on foreign oil im­ capability to defend our Nation. So, here An ports at a rate of more than one-third of today, I call on the President of the United deaths by handgun each year. Asso­ what we consume. States and the National Congress to estab­ ciated Press Survey covering March 4 I think it is imperative that the United lish a Manhattan Project for the research to March 11 of this ye.ar showed that in States strive to regain i~s lost abUity to meet and development of energy resources: 1 week alone, 350 men, women, and chil- · most of its own domestic needs from domes­ To form all of -the federal energy offices dren in the United States were shot to tic sources, and this should be a part of our and departments in existence, and those pro­ ·death, a 70-percent increase over the National Policy. . posed by the President along with the best figure . recorded in a similar survey: 4 We must develop all of the Nation's poten­ expertise from the private sector in the fields years ago. _ tial energy resources, not just oil and gas, but of science-engineering-industry and edu-. our coal, tar sands, nuclear potential, ther­ cation into a combined team as we did ili The teenage boy who killed Luis Torres mal -well resources, solar-in fact, every pos­ Manhattan and NASA. had no reason to shoot. But he had· a­ sible energy resource. To incorporate the energy research and de­ 'pistol in his hand, and he used it. Our This will require the cooperation of the velopment administration the President is lax gun control laws have made killing federal government, state governments, and proposing into this task force. very easy-far toO easy. As long as peo­ business and industry. To provide whatever financial support and ple continue to own handguns, the oppor­ It will require the necessary incentives for governmental direction that is required to tunity to use them for violent ends will the entry of new private companies into attract the finest talent in our land. energy production and the adoption of more To support this force to the fullest to im­ remain. reasonable land use programs at both Fed­ prove the technology, invent new equipment, A strong Federal gun control law to eral a.nd State levels that will promote, not discover new sources of fuel, develop new control the sale and possession of hand­ discourage, the orderly development of public ways and methods to re-claim our land, to gwls is vitally needed. It will come too energy resources. control pollution and to protect our environ­ late for Luis Torres, but it may save A primary goal must be the protection of ment without impeding industrial progress. other human beings from useless, tragic our environment. We must find ways of using To step up educational grants for research deaths. all of the sources of energy-safely, and effi­ in the energy fields at our colleges and The article from the July 15 New York ciently to meet our Nation's energy needs universities. and st111 assure that our children and grand­ Just as we brought the finest scientific, Times follows: children have a clean and safe America to- industrial, and engineering and military MURDER SCENE IN BRONX AN OASIS FOR MoR­ morrow. . capability of the Nation together for the RISANIA-SLAIN MAN HAD GONE THERE To As a start, the Federal Government should Manhattan Project to produce the atomic SEEK RELIEF F'ROM THE HEAT conduct a state-by-state inventory to iden­ bomb-and again in our NASA Space Project (By Christopher S. Wren) tify: to explore outer-space and put-a-man-on­ For the residents of the Morrisania section The amount of energy now being consumed the-moon-we must now do ·the same thing of the Bronx, Claremont Park is a vital urban in that State. to solve the severe energy problems facing oasis. During the day, the leafy green tri­ The primary energy sources and the ex­ this Country. We must again explore and dis­ angle, with its swimming pool, ba.llfields and tent of other possible supplies. cover and find a way to eliminate pollution, playgrounds, belongs to the children. The ·legal prohibitions that exist in the re-claim our land, protect our environment At night, their parents, most of them black state-such as laws against strip-mining, or and still develop and ut111ze all of our fuel or Puerto Rican, come to claim it as a re­ location of refineries. We need to know sources, coal, nuclear power, oil, gas, tar treat from the stifiing city heat. whether or not the coastal states have re­ sands, thermal well resources, solar and But last Friday, the cycle of leisure in stricted offshore drilling or the development others we do not now know about. If the Claremont Park was interrupted. Luis Torres, of deep water terminals. government provides the financial support a 28-year-old father of three children, was And we must have an inventory that would and the organization and direction as they gunned down beside a park bench by one of show attitude, assets and liabilities of the did in Manhattan and NASA, then I am con­ two teen-age muggers, who then rummaged state to meet its own needs. fident the solutions will be found. in vain through their victim's pockets while We must look at a state to determine from In short, just as we did during World War his terrified wife looked on. what source that state should receive its Two-to find the fastest way to victory­ "It was hot and so we went to take some supply. And we must utilize the fuel closest All of this can be done-and it must be air," recalled Carmen Torres yesterday. She to the source. done. sat with a few friends in the Torres's five- July 17," 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS · 24417· room apartment aA; 1365 College Avenue. OniJ' A WHITE HOUSE HOMILY­ prominent religious spokesmen In the United a week earlier, Luis Torres had· moved hla, UNDELIVERED States has called Watergate the culmina­ wife and children from their old apartme~t tion of a national moral decline, the result several blocks north of Selwyn Aven~. Tb.e of an era of permissiveness. Such a call for rent at the new place, MTS. Torres explained. HON.· ROBERT F. DRINAN penance and discipline is always salutary, but in the present instance it blurs the nature of was less. OF MASSA.CHUSETl'S WERE DANCING the evll we confront. The men of Watergate With their children vacationing back ln IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES were not playboys of permissiveness but true Puerto Rico and Mr. Torres winding up a Tuesday, July 17, 1973 believers in the work ethic. In the words of t wo-week vacation from his factory job, the one of their colleagues, men of high private couple had the evening to themselves. They Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, I bring to morality but lacking in a sense of public strolled over to the park with their portable the attention of the Members of the morality. radio-tape· recorder... We were playing music Congress an extraordinarily perceptive Prestige. money, advancement, the usual and dancing," said Mrs. Torres. editorial in America, the national idols of the "American dream." were not com­ About 10: 3Q P.M., as she rested on the pletely absent from the motivation of the. Catholic weekly. conspirators. Yet for all that, Watergate still bench, two teenagers sauntered. up through This editorial was writen by Father the shadows to ·ask the time. · represents a new kind of political corrup­ ..I don•t have a watch;• Mr. Torres ex­ Donald R. Campion, S.J., the editor-in­ tion. American politics has known before men plained. He turned to walk over to his wife. chief of America magazine. who abused positions of power for private The older of the two teenagers pointed a The editorial raises some of the basic gain. The Watergate conspiracy betrayed the small-caliber pistol and fired twice. Mr. moral questions now confronting the public trust in more deadly fashion. It stole Torres -collapsed on the· asphalt footpath, White House. our blrthrJght. fatally wounded In the head and neck. This undelivered White House homily The actual incident of June 17. 1972, as ls "They wanted to take the tape recorder,'' now abundantly clear, was no isolated ad­ Mrs. Torres said. "'When I saw my husband follows: venture. It was part of a deliberate plan to ran, I started screaming. I took the recorder A WHITE Ho-uSE HOMILY-UNDELIVERED subvert the process of democratic election. and ran over to another bench." (The Word of God Is something allve and When those who broke the law were appre­ The assailants paused long enough to active: it cuts like any double-edged sword hended, some of the most highly placed men search Mr. Torres before running from the but more finely-; it can slip through the place in the government attempted to enlist gov­ park and down East 170th Street. P.assers-by where the soul ls divided from the spirit, or ernment institutions in a conspiracy against rushed ·over to help the dying man. A friend joints from the marrow; it can judge the justice. If all this were simply an excess of who came. up said he found Mrs. Torres secret emotions and thoughts.) (Heb. 4:12) campaign zeal, the result would be tragic hysterical. Mr. President, members of the White House enough. The apparent mandate the President; ..Eveeybody was calling the police, calling famny: The Bible tells us that God's word ts received in November would be forever ' the ambulance and nobody came:• said Mrs. a two-edged sword. Sociologists tell us much stained by the tactics employed in its pur­ Torres. "The police came more than .an hour the same thing when they point out that the suit. These tactics, however. cannot be iso­ later." role of religion in society ls twofold! to lated from the phllosophy of the White House The victim died before be reached Mor­ canonize and to criticize, to support society for the past five years. rlsania Hospital. but also to judge it. Some of the most dis­ There Is much pressure at the present time. •ewe bad 10 years together,"' sald Mrs. Tor­ tinguished churchmen in America. have, at Mr. President, to determine who was ulti~ res. She planned to take her husband•s body your invitation, Mr. President, spoken at mately responsible for Watergate in 1ts vari­ home to May-aguez, P.R. She didn't know these White House Sunday services. My words ous phases. The possibility of your persona~ whetller she would leave today or tOmorrow, this morning cannot be as reassuring as involvement poses an embarrassing dilemma she e:Kplalned, "because it's a homicide and theirs often were. We would not be faithful even for your friends. If you were aware ot I don't know if I can get his body from the to ooo•s word or to you who listen to that the conspiracy. you have participated In a. morgue." word with us, If we did not speak this morn­ crime. If you were unaware of the conspiracy. SIN NYNGUNA RAzON ing to what a member of the White .House which touched at one point or another the most important personalities and agencies in No one in the red brick tenement really family has recently called a "political and constitutional crisis," so clearly also a moral your government, then the fallure in leader~ knew the new couple. But upstairs, a neigh­ ship is. in a sense, even more disturbing. bor shook her head and lamented, ..Sin nin­ crisis, the crisis of Watergate. As serious as this dilemma is. however. it guna raz6.n." .She repeated In English, "There To remind ourselves that there are impor­ tant moral issues involved in the complicated. is not the most important question to be wasn •t any reason." history that is emerging from the Senate asked this morning. The crisis the nation On the front stoop, Kim Mason, 23, waited hearings might seem unnecessary. It Is all faces, regardless of your particular role in for the drizzle to stop. too obvious that blackmail, invasion of pri­ the Watergate conspiracy, is still rooted in "Everybody from this neighborhood goes vacy, bribery, perjury, defamation of chl!

of boys have shed blood for our country, when a new state was admitted to the Union, SCHOOL DESTRUCTION fiag, and freedom. I also know that blue they would add a star, but not a stripe. Under federal court pressures, the Chatta­ stands for justice, but I think It shows the It's odd to think that a piece of cloth can nooga School Board is attempting to draw up beauty of the sea and sky. To me the fiag ls represent a whole country, and that poople plans that will do the very disagreeable thing a beautiful symbol of love. can love and respoot it. But all people do, and of destroying the city school system. they always will. I have deep feeling for the It is as plain as that. WHAT THE AMEltl:CAN FLAG MEANS TO ME fiag and a deep respect. I know I always will. If the full ''desegregation" plan is put into (By Tony Bell) effect, the school board's information shows, The first Flag made by Betsy Ross, on most of the city schools will have black June 14, rrn which is known today as Stars majorities, with many students being and Stripes, had 13 stars and 13 stripes. SCHOOL DESTRUCTION prompted to fiee the city system and others When I look up at the fiag it reminds me being dislocated from their neighborhoods of our nation being a free and independent and transported to distant and, for many, nation. Francis Scott Key saw the Ameri­ HON. LAMAR BAKER unacceptable circumstances. can Flag still flying after the war, so he IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES This would not favor black students or decided to write about it. It is better known white students. It would destroy the hope today as ..The Star Spangled Banner." Every Tuesaay, July 17. 1973 of quality education in the city system and morning before school we say the Pledge of OF TENNESSEE lose the taxpayer support that is necessary for the kind of educational progress that is Allegiance to the Flag. Mr. I feel very fortunate to have been born BAKER. Mr. Speaker. volumes desirable for all. in this land of freedom. We have a choice of have been written about the hardship It should be remembered that what the what we want to do with our lives. We have and real tragedy to which we are subject­ city schools are being forced to do is not be laws to insure everyone's rights. ing our children by requiring more and free from racial discrimination but to Impose Because of our great Flag the United States more crosstown busing in order to racial discrimination to bring about artifi­ is a democracy. Democracy is a form of Gov­ achieve some sort of mythical racial bal­ cial patterns of attendance. This is exactly ernment in which all the people together opposite the ..color blind" standard that was ance. established when the Supreme Court first have the power to decide what the laws will Every poll of public opinion shows ad­ be, and how the Government should be run. moved unconstitutionally into the field of Sometimes we take our Flag, country and ditional opposition to this abuse of little school mastering in 1{)54. freedom for granted. We seldom stop to think children. A recent poll by the U.S. Catho­ The question in Chattanooga, sadly, is not how fortunate we are to have them. In many lic Magazine. generally considered as whether there is going to be good and im­ countries of the world, the people do not being read by moderate or middle-of-the­ proving public education to the satisfaction control the Government; a few of the peo­ road Americans, indicates that more than ot its people, but to what degree there will ple, who are rich or noble or powerful in a 80 percent oppose busing, and favor the be destruction of the school system and how big political party, can decide what an the fast. It is not a question of whether there will neighborhood school where possible. be integration but how rapid wlll be the re­ other people do or must do. Because of these Despite much crosstown busing in my veey great and meaningful words, "We hold segregation as high-handed plans force those these truths to be self-llvident, that all men hometown of Chattanooga, the courts who can to leave conditions they do not like. are created equal, that they are endowed by continue to be dissatisfied with the situa­ There was a real, fair, honest solution their Creator with certain inalienable rights, tion and have ordered the school board available. It was freedom of choice, allowing back to the drawing boards to come up each student and his family to decide freely that among these are life, liberty. and the and without discrimination where he would pursuit of happiness... The Declaration of with a plan which will make additional like to attend. But the courts would not allow Independence was really written for each and mass transportation by bus mandatory. that constitutional, sensible approach. every one of us. This means more small children will be So we have the destructive one. Some don't Because of our fiag we have so many rights standing on corners waiting for buses like to face up to the truth and call it what and choices but I think the greatest of all ls it is. But it is evident. the light to choose what religion we feel ln which may be late or will be left on the our hearts. We are free, every day lf we wish street when they are even a minute late to go to church and adore our God. I wish for the school bus. It means more disrup­ that every child could be as fortunate as me tion of education. separation of school and been born under a ftag so tree. friends. breaking up of basketball, base­ YATES COUNTY CELEBRATES 150TH ball, and football teams, bands, and other ANNIVERSARY Otnl AMERICAN FLAG AND WHAT IT MEANS groups in order that the time m.a.y be TO ME .spent simply getting to and from school (By Karen Newton) on a bus. HON. WILLIAM F. WALSH To me, the Flag represents a country The well-known columnist. Lester Kin­ OF NEW YORK: united under stars and stripes. Everyone who solving, who can hardly be called a segre­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES ever was or is a citizen of. the United States has pledged allegiance to the Flag. gationist. discussed the problem recently Tuesooy, July 17, 1973 Our Flag also symbolizes the union of the in his column. Mr. Kinsolving said: greatest Republlc on earth. Over a half mil­ It is my conviction based upon readt.ng. Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speaker. on Friday, lion human lives have been laid on the altar listening and observing, that most people, in-. July 27, Yates County in the Finger of Freedom so that our Stars and Stripes eluding many black and white progressives-. Lakes area of New York State celebrates might fiy over a free and peaceful land. and almost all parents of small children­ its 15oth anniversary. This birthday is When we look at ..Old Glory" we must real­ don't approve of busing. a milestone for Yates County-a county ize how lucky we are in this great place. Neither black nor white children should be which has contributed much to the prog­ The Flag means a lot to most people. It used as pawns in games their parents and stands for our country and all the people in local. state and national governments are ress and development of New York and it. There is a certain day when people all playing. Being thrust unwanted into a group the Nation. The story of that 150 years over the United States show a special respect of strange and dUferent children. who can be is one that I would like to share with my for the Flag. ThJs is Flag Day, which Js cele­ cruel, may or may not damage their psyches colleagues. brated on June the fourteenth. Everyone dis­ and may or may not risk the chance of mak­ Yates County was formed from On­ plays their fiag with honor and respect. ing them bigots. Betsy Roos is the «mother•• of the Plag. It is simply another form of racism to as­ tario on February 6, 1823, and named for President Washington personally asked her sume that although white parents may ob­ Joseph Yates. then Governor of New York to make it In 1'777. From then till 1794 the ject, black parents will be delighted with the State. Barrington and starkey were Flag bad thirteen stripes and thirteen stars. prospect of their children being bused. into added from Steuben in 1824. The early This symbolized the original thirteen the land of wild white yonder. colonies. history of the county is closely associated On January thirteenth, 179~. a new 1lag Let us stop playing games with the with the history of the "Friends," a re­ was made. This flag had fifteen stars and lives of our children and their parents. ligious sect founded by Jemima Wilkin­ fifteen stripes. Eight stripes were red and Let us return to them the freedom to son. Her first settlement in 1790 was near seven were white. Our flag looked like this attend their neighborhood school should the present village of Dresden. but a few from 1795 until 1818. This was the fiag they so desire. To do otherwise is to fail years later was moved to the Town of Francis Scott Key saw 1iylng over Port our obligation as their representative. McHenry the night he wrote "The star­ Jerusalem. Spangled Ba.nner." I insert the editorial entitled "School The Friend was a patron saint to all On April fourth, 1818, Congress passed a Destruction" from the June 28th edition the early settlers and her large fields of law reducing the number of stripes to the of the Chattanooga News Free-Press In grain and herds of cattle were a source ortglnal tb.lrteen. Congress also decided that the RECORD at this point: of supply on which pioneers drew !or a 24424 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 17, 1973

start in the new country. The grist mill and marinas, campgrounds, and .motels. ·area, Yates eounty_ has several lal'ge · '/ ·'' • I . built by her people was one of the first There is no finer fishing anywhere than business and industrial plants. Among in western New York and people came in the three lakes. these are Transelco Inc., Greenidge New many miles to have their grain made into Special area events include the Glen­ York State Electric and Gas generating flour. ora Music and Art Festival, the Starkey plant, Lakeland Farms Co., and a branch During the year 1816, in which frost Antique Show, and Antique and Art Show of Mercury Aircraft in Dresden. The U.S. occurred every month, many new fami­ at Esperanza, an historic landmark com­ Navy also maintains a testing station lies would have died of starvation had pleted in 1838 and the Festival of Lights there. not the Friend been pleased to share her around Keuka Lake. There are many fes­ In Penn Yan, are located Penn Yan Ex­ abundant stores with them. tivals, carnivals, antique shops, flea mar­ press, and interstate trucking servke; After her death in 1819, the Society kets, and the Penn Yan and Dundee Penn Yan Boats Inc.; Birkett Mills, the which she had established and kept Fairs. Lakeside Country Club has a nice largest producer of buckwheat products active, gradually ceased to exist. nine-hole golf course on the eastern in the worl1; Michaels Stem and Co., Another early local historical figure shore of Keuka Lake. Sailboat races are manufacturer of men's clothing; Coach was Marcus Whitman, American mis­ run each summer weekend from the and Equipment Sales Corp.; a branch of sionary and pioneer born in Rushville in Keuka Yacht Club on the west shore. Seneca Foods Corp.; Walkerbuilt Wood­ 1802. He married Narcissa Prentiss, also Airports in Penn. Yan and Dundee are work, Inc., and Barden and Robeson, a missionary. The two, accompanied by busy centers for business and pleasure. makers of baby furniture. the Reverend and Mrs. Henry Spaulding Keuka College, on the west shore of In Himrod, Morton Salt has a very · and w. H. Gray, journeyed west to Ore­ Keuka Lake, is a small 4-year liberal arts large minin,g operation. Rushville . :Qas gon where they worked among the In- college for women. It 1s noted for its field Comstock Greenwood Foods, Inc.; -.in : dians. The Whitmans and 11 of their as­ period, a program combining classroom .Middlesex are Beacon Farms and Loh­ sociates were massacred by the Cayuse learning with work experience. As a cen­ mann Foods, Dundee has the home plant Indians in 1847. ter of cultural activities for the area, the of Seneca Foods. At Dresden, the famed agnostic, writer influence of the college is widespread. Fire protection for the county is ably and orator, Robert Ingersoll, was born. It sponsors movies, musical events, thea­ handled by dedicated volunteer compa­ Penn Yan, the seat of county govern­ ter, and lectures. nies in various locations. ment was incorporated in 1833. The first The Yates County branch of the Amer­ There are four banks in the county, the Yates County courthouse was erected ican Association of University Women is Dundee s~~~te Bank being the only one there in 1824, but destroyed by fire in very active in cultural, political, and so­ independently owned. 1834. In 1835, the present red brick cial affairs. The Penn Yan Chronicle Express and building was erected at a cost of $12,000. There are fine public libraries in Penn the Dundee Observer, weekly newspapers, A jail, detached, was built the same sea­ Yan, Branchport, and Dundee; the rural provide their readers with local news. son. These two buildings with modern areas also receive added library service Radio Station WFLR, in Dundee, broad­ additions are still in use. from the S" uthern Tier Library S~·stem casts daily on AM and FM a wide variety Yates County has nine townships: Bookmobile. of news, sports and music. Barrington, Benton, Italy, Jerusalem, Stately Oliver House on Penn Yan's How can one help but agree with Staf­ Middlesex, Milo, Potter, Starkey and Main Street is the home of the Yates ford Cleveland when he said: Torrey. Yates is located in the Central County Historical Museum. Guyanoga Few localities in all our :(avored country Finger·Lakes region and is 22 miles wide Chapter, DAR, is also very .active in his­ are so rich as this in advantages of soil, cli­ and contains only 344 square miles, but. torical affah·s. mate, scenery and situation. Its abundant makes up for its smallness in natural The first public school in the county products find an easy and convenient mar~et, was the old .log meetinghouse of Jeinima and the fatness of the land h~~ been w:ell beauty. Seneca Lake forms the eastern .:transmuted ipto wealth and easy conditions boundary and Canadaigua Lake part' of Wilkinson. It was built in the town of pf life by its enterprising farmers. If salu­ the western· ~oundary. Keuka Lake, th~ . Torrey in 1790. Here, Sarah Richards, brity, material prosperity and very advantag~ only Y -shaped lake in the Northern manager of temporal affairs for the of mental and moral culture at their doors, Hemisphere; is near the center of the Fdends, ·taught the first classes in the can make a happy, intelllgent and exempla_ry county. The topography and climate county. In 1848, Starkey Seminary in community, we shquld expect to find it here. make this country an ideal location for Eddytown-now Lakemont-was incor­ Beginning with pioneers of the better class, porated by the regents as a secondary 1t must be admitted there has been on deteri­ grape culture and general farming. Each oration, but a gratifying progress in social year, thousands of tourists and summer coeducational school. Dundee Academy elevation. residents enjoy the beauty and reCl·ea­ in 1855 and the Penn Yan Union School tional and cultural advantages of the District in 1857 were incorporated. At area. the present time, there are two large TILLEDA, WIS., CENTENNIAL The cultivation and production of centralized school distric~-s within the grapes began in Yates County in 1853 county at Dundee and Penn Yan. St". with a vineyard of 3 acres of catawbas Michaels Catholic Church in Penn Yan HON. HAROLD V. FROEHLICH along the shore of Keuka Lake. During has elementary classes in its parochial OF WISCONSIN the next 25 years, hundreds of acres were school. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES After the Society of Friends, the First planted throughout the ccunty. At the Tuesday, July 17, 1973 present time there are at least 6,000 Methodist Society in western New York acres of vineyards with more being was organized in Yates in 1792. At the Mr. FROEHLICH. Mr. Speaker, this planted each year. The four leading va:.. present time there are churches in every weekend, July 20-22, the community of rieties are Concord, Catawba, Delaware, hamlet and village. Throughout the Tilleda, Wis., is celebrating the 100th a:Q.-:­ and Aurore, a French hybrid. Demand county the programs of lodges and serv­ niversary of its founding. I am delighted for the wines of the Finger Lakes is cred­ ice clubs add to the betterment of the to tltke this opportunity to congratulate ited with the rapid growth of the indus­ communities. the residents of Tilleda and to wish them · The county medical society was orga­ continued success in the years to come. try in our area. nized in 1823 with 12 members. Soldiers Located in the heart of Shawano · In 1875, the Yates County Grange w~s and Sailors Memorial Hospital serves the County, Tilleda was named after a town organized with 400 members. Through­ entire community with modern facilities, in what is now East Germany. Like many out the years the grange has continued efficient personnel and dedicated volun­ communities in northeastern Wisconsin, to take an active part in agricultural teer groups. Yates County Medical the settlement's early history was closely affairs. Health Services has offices in the hospi­ associated with the logging industry. It For 50 years, the Finger Lakes Asso­ tal. Community-sponsored Pe1m Yan has often been the experience that when ciation, which has its main office in Penn Manor Nursing home is run in conjunc­ a logging camp closes, the town where it Yan, has promoted recreational activi­ tion with the hospital. In downtown was located also closes. I am pleased to ties and facilities. There is a 500-acre Penn Yan, St. Marks Terrace is an apart­ say that this was not the case with Til­ State park near Branchport, numerous ment complex for senior citizens. leda. When floods washed out the saw­ small parks, several boat launching sites Although primarily an agricultural mill, dam and bridge in 1912, the logging July 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF -REMARKS 24425 camp soon . dief of the poor, HON. LESTER L. WOLFF designated CAP the only official auxiliary of and the low middle income people. the Air Force. "On all sides, we hear rejoicing over every OF NEW YORK CAP has a cun·ent membership of 62,000, step, however small, to benefit the elderly. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES including 27,000 cadets between the ages of But I should like to emphasize the failure of Tuesday, July 17, 1973 13 and 21, and 35,000 adult, senior members. our society to provide for the elderly a fair Organizationally, CAP is divided into eight share of the products of industry, of services, Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, I have the geographical areas called Regions, each Re­ of medical, educational and recreational re­ honor of serving as the commander of gion being composed of at least five states or sources. I welcomed the establishment of the Congressional Squadron of the Civil Wings. In all, there are 52 Wings in CAP, one Social Security, Medicare, the Older Ameri­ Air Patrol, USAF Auxiliary. Created in in each state, plus one each in Puerto Rico cans Act and programs .like Foster Grand­ 1941 as part of our domestic defense op­ and the District of Columbia. The basic unit parents. But all of these programs leave the eration during World War II, CAP has of organization within CAP is the Squadron. elderly in an inferior position. The various There are nearly 2,100 Squadrons within CAP, programs like Foster Grandparents which continued its existence since 1948 as the ranging in number per Wing from 135 in provide partial employment benefits only a official auxiliary of the Air Force. Brig. California to 10 in Delaware. Each Region comparatively handful 0\f elderly poor people. Gen. Leslie J. Westberg, USAF, com­ and Wing has a commander and headquar­ This is tokenism, not justice. Medicare is be­ mands USAF personnel cssigned as CAP ters staff to direct the activities of its various coming more costly for the elderly. The per­ advisors. General Westberg is also Na­ subordinate units. centage of total medical costs paid to the tional Commander of the CAP and ad­ On the National Level, CAP is governed by elderly by Medicare has dropped from 1966 vises and assists CAP in carrying out its a National Board, which is composed of a to 1972. In 1966, Medicare paid 50 percent; responsibilities as a private, nonprofit Board Chairman, several special staff officers, but in 1972, it dropped to 42 percent! Fur­ the eight Regional Commanders, and the 52 thermore, President Nixon has proposed in corporation. Wing Commanders. The National Board elects his budget for the fiscal year 1974 to make CAP members give generously of their the Chairman and establishes board corpo­ the elderly pay more for hospitalization and time and effort in search and rescue op­ rate policies. The National Executive Com­ doctor's fees. erations, particularly during disasters, mittee, which has the same membership as "Loud hosannas are exclaimed about the such as plane crashes in isolated areas, the National Board minus the 52 Wing number of older people who reach up to the fiood, tornado and other severe weath­ Commanders, is responsible for conducting poverty level, but what's there to br::tg about er-induced catastrophes. They serve most of the Corporation's business. Much of when the total income of a single person ceaselessly, using their own equipment, the routine management of CAP is handled reaches $40 a week, and of a couple $50 a by the Exectuive Director, a paid civilian em.:. week? collecting only reimbursements for their ployee orf the Corporation. "Dedicated professionals working with older expenses, when governmental facilities Public Law 557; which established CAP people should be doing all they can to have are taxed to their utmost. as the official auxiliary of the Air Force, also the elderly get a fair share of what is pro­ Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to com­ authorized the Secretary of the Air Force to duced in the United States. Are you profes­ mend the many thousands of CAP mem­ assign members of the Department of the Air sionals concerned with this? bers around the Nation-young and old. Force to duty with CAP at National, Region, "The 1971 White House Conference on I am certain I speak for all Members and \Ving levels. There are currently 116 Aging urged participation of senior citizens officers, 128 enlisted personnel, and 106 civil in planning and cq.rrying out programs of Congress when I extend my personal service employees in the Air Force assigned affecting them. Is this the practice in your thanks to CAP members for their dedi­ to duty with CAP. These personnel, who are organizations which have such programs? cation to the principles which led to the assigned to Headquarters CAP-USAF are un­ "Elderly people are urged on all sides to birth of the United States, for these are der the direct command of Brig. Gen. Leslie adjust to their new situation, when they truly the Minutemen of the skies. J. Westberg. General Westberg is not only retire. This means generally to adjust to an In their honor, I would like to include the Commander of CAP-USAF, he serves as income about or less than half of what they a recent article from the July issue of National Commander of CAP as well. In this earned while working. In 1967 L."'l New York the Civil Air Patrol News, which de­ latter capacity, he is a voting member of City one out of every three elderly house­ CAP's National Board and National Execu­ holds had an annual income of less than scribes the formation of the CAP and a tive Committee. Neither General Westberg $2000 a year, and an additional 18 rercent few of their many contributions to this nor any members of his CAP-USAF are em­ (about one out of every five) had an income country's well-being. powered to exercise any direct control over between $2000 and $3000. Together, 51 per­ CAP: ITs CoNTRmUTIONS the activities of CAP. Their role is confined cent (one out of two elderly households) (By Brig. Gen. Leslie J. Westburg, USAF) to advising and assisting the Corporation in had an income of less than $3000 a year. De­ In March of this year, a letter of Back­ carrying out its mission. spite Social Security benefit increases since ground Data on Civil Air Patrol was for­ At the present time, 132 of the 350 mem­ then, there is still a wide gap between the warded to the Congress of the United States bers comprising Headquarters CAP-USAF elderly and those working, as far as income and provided those who read it a capsule re­ are located at Maxwell AFB, Ala. The remain­ is concerned. port of the history, organization and recent ing 218 members are performing field liaison "We hear, especially during election cam­ achievements of CAP. Also, detailed and duty with CAP and are located throughout paigns, about the gt·eat contributions made documented were the benefits this nation, the country at Region (multi-state) and Wing by the elderly to the building up of this and the Air Force, have derived from Civil (state) levels. National Headquarters for CAP country to the point where those now em­ Air Patrol. is co-located with Headquarters CAP-USAF ployed have a standard of living much higher I believe that it is vital that each CAP at Maxwell AFB, Ala. than that which the present elderly had member know and understand the contribu­ As it has always been, CAP's mission is when they were employed. But the reward tions Civil Air Patrol and the Air Force have primarily humanitarian. Foremost among for such contributions to society is still piti­ made to each other, and, in turn, what both its activities are search and rescue (SAR), fully small. have done for the nation. That is why this disaster relief, and civil defense. Approxi­ "Dm·ing the past decade, millions of elderly month, General duPont has agreed to re­ mately 70 percent of all the search and rescue people have not been meekly adjusting to linquish the space for his column so that this missions undertaken each year in the United their disadvantaged position, but have been data can be shared with you. For the re­ States are :flown by CAP personnel using their demanding the right to live decently and in mainder of this year, the CAP NEWS will ex­ own or Corporation-owned aircraft and other dignity. tract and reprint portions of the supporting equipment. In 1971, CAP :flew nearly 31,000 "On March 6th of this year, thousands of documents that we supplied to the members hours on 389 officially-authorized USAF mis­ elderly people, on the call of the Greater of Congress. sions. In 1972, CAP expended 27,400 :flying New York Congress of Senior Citizens, pre­ I hope each member will clip and save this hours on 349 officially-authorized USAF mis-, sented their demands to the New York State column, and the ensuing items, as a personal sions. CAP responds nation-wide to such dis- July 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24431 asters as tornadoes, hurricanes, snow storms, have been obtained through military excess A similar letter is being sent to the Presi­ forest fires, floods, and earthquakes with sources. dent of the Senate. every kind of emergency relief assistance it CAP also operates some 17,500 licensed By direction of the Commission: can provide. During the past two years, CAP citizen radio stations; some of this equip­ Sincerely yours, personnel have participated in 35 significant ment has also been obtained from military ROBERT HAMPTON, disaster-relief missions. As for CAP's involve­ excess. Chairman. ment in civil defense, should a national Though much more could be written of STATEMENT BY CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION emergency arise, each Wing is prepared to CAP, the foregoing should suffice to show the fly lifesaving missions and otherwise lend importance of this an-volunteer, humani­ Mr. Speaker, following is the statement strong support to its state's civil defense tarian organization to the American people. submitted by the Chairman of the Civil efforts. Without the personal sacrifices made by the Service Commission to describe the pur­ To help defray the costs involved in flying dedicated members of CAP, who willingly pose and the justification of the bill to USAF-directed missions, the Air Force is give their time, talents, and personal treas­ amend title 5, United States Code, relat­ authorized under Public Law 557 to reim­ ure to provide vital volunteer services to ing to pay and hours of work of Federal burse individual CAP members for the ex­ their fellow Americans, this Nation and the employees: penses they incur for aviation fuel and oil Air Force would be hard pressed in numer­ and communications while participating in ous ways. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND JUSTIFICATION Air Force-authorized search and rescue mis­ SUPERIOR QUALITY APPOINTMENTS sions, and civil-defense missions. In 1972, The first section of this proposal would Air Force reimbursements to members of RULES CHANGES PROPOSED FOR authorize appointments of certain indi­ CAP flying search and rescue mission aver­ FEDERAL PAY, WORK HOURS viduals at rates above the minimum of the aged about $9.50 per authorized flying hour, rate range in the first 17 grades of the Gen­ or approximately 2.5 percent of the amount eral Schedule on the same basis that they it would cost the Air Force to fly these mis­ HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI are now authorized in grades G8-11 and sions using its own personnel and aircraft OF NEW YORK above-the candidate's existing salary, un­ ($400.00 per hour). As a result, CAP saves the usually high or unique qualifications, or a U.S. government and the Air Force several IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES special need of the Government. In addition millions of dollars annually. In 1971, it is Tuesday, July 17, 1973 to its existing responsibility for issuing regu­ estimated that these savings amounted to lations to govern appointments under this more than $12,000,000 and irt 1972 more than Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, the Civil law, the Civil Service Commission would be $10,000,000. Service Commission has recommended to given discretion to prescribe conditions CAP's support of aerospace power through the Congress certain adjustments and under which an agency could take final ac­ its numerous aerospace education programs improvements in existing statutes as they tion on such an appointment without -prior constitutes yet another corporate endeavor. apply to pay and hours of work of Fed­ approval by the Commission as is now re­ Included in these programs is the CAP Cadet eral employees. quired. Aerospace Education Program, which seeks Extending flexibility of this type to all to develop within the cadet a greater under­ Chairman Robert Hampton of the grades in the General Schedule could mean standing of the total impact of aerospace on Commission has submitted a proposed that by paying say $300, $600, or perhaps our society while providing training in text for legislation and a full explana­ $900 more per annum in beginning salary the leadership and citizenship. tion in a letter to the Speaker. Government could get the services of a tal­ One of the most successful features of the I am today introducing the recom­ ented individual who might be particularly CAP Cadet Aerospace Education Program is mended legislation so that it will be be­ needed to begin a career in an important the International Air Cadet Exchange, which fore our committee for consideration. social, economic, or scientific program or the has served for many years to promote under­ services of an experienced technician who standing, good will, and friendship among As part of my remarks, I am including might be needed for a specialized occupa­ the young people of the world by providing the text of Chairman Hampton's trans­ tion. them with the opportunity to visit in foreign mittal letter to the Speaker, as well as Given the challenge of its programs, the countries. Since 1948, more than 6,000 air the text of the Commission's statement good opportunities for advancement, and cadets in this country and 41 foreign coun­ of purpose and justification. Federal salaries which are generally com­ tries have participated in this reciprocal visi­ U.S. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, parable with private enterprise salaries, the tation program. Government could well expect to retain the Another significant benefit accruing to the July 13, 1973. individual's services for years to come. An Nation through CAP's aftl.Uation with the Air Honorable CARL ALBERT, inadequate and noncompetitive initial salary Force is CAP's proven value as a source for Speaker of the House of Representatives, ofier, on the other hand, could be the de­ volunteer recruits in the Air Force. By join­ Washington, D.C. ciding element in that individual's decision ing CAP, the cadet demonstrates his interest DEAR MR. SPEAKER: The Civil Service Com­ to start with another employer. in aerospace, his acceptance of a military­ mission submits with this letter for con­ In the case of beginning professional em­ type uniform, and his willingness to work sideration by the Congress proposed legis­ ployees, the additional expense to the Gov­ within a quasi-military organization. His lation to make certain adjustments and ernment would be limited to the first year training in CAP further orients him toward needed improvements in eXisting statutory or two, because upon promotion most would Air Force life. The net result is that a rela­ provisions relating to pay administration in be entitled to the same rate they would have tively high percentage of CAP cadets are the Federal Service. received had they originally been appointed motivated to join the Air Force when they Enactment of this proposal will provide at the beginning salary for the particular reach enlistment age. This recruiting ad­ greater flexibility in fixing the initial salaries grade. vantage assumes even more importance as of superior-quality appointees I to positions The added flexibility afforded by this this country moves closer toward the goal under the General Schedule; extend eligibil­ amendment is intended especially to permit of an all-volunteer military force. ity for within-grade increases under the the Government to compete for the services CAP obtains much of its equipment, in­ General Schedule to employees serving under of superior candidates with a bachelor's or cluding aircraft, and supplies through DOD temporary or limited appointments and pro­ master's degree in specializations for which excess sources. This was made possible under vide that certain pay adjustments and ac­ there is a particular need. It would, however, another provision of Public Law 557. How­ tions are not equivalent increases; make the be available also for the appointment of ever, this is the extent to which the Cor­ requirement for premium pay for work in other persons at rates above the minimum of poration currently receives federal support, excess of eight hours a day inapplicable the range where appropriate under the statu­ except for the reimbursements mentioned when such duty results from the establish­ tory criteria and the Commission's regula­ earlier that are made to individual CAP ment of special tours of duty to permit em.­ tions. members by the Air Force for the 'costs they ployees to attend educational institutions; The Commission can, and does, under sec­ incur while participating in oftlcially author­ authorize the establishment of stipends for tion 5303 of title 5, United States Code, au­ ized USAF missions. As for income w sup­ certain postdoctoral and other research as­ thorize special salary ranges where it finds port its numerous programs and activities, sociates; and permit compensation for Fed­ the Government is significantly handicapped CAP relies mainly on dues from members, eral employees on special projects under na­ in recruiting or retaining well-qualified per­ donations, and monies resulting from vari­ tionwide economic or educational opportun­ sonnel by substantially higher rates paid by ous local fund-raising activities. Some states ity programs to be fixed by methods more private enterprise. also help support their CAP wings through suited to the nature and purpose of their While the situation is different at present, grants of funds. employment. in recent years the labor market at times At the present time, CAP has a :fleet of A more detailed description of these pro­ has been so competitive that without these some 6,100 aircraft. Approximately 800 of visions is contained in the accompanying special rates Government recruiting in many these belong to the Corporation. while the statement of purpose and justification. occupations would have been almost impos­ remainder are privately owned by CAP citi­ The Office of Management and Budget ad­ sible. Nevertheless, when special rates have , zen members. In addition to having virtually vises that from the standpoint of the Ad­ been authorized the Government has not every type of civilian light aircraft made in ministration's program, there is no objection always been able to compete on even tenns its inventory, CAP also has numerous T-34, to the submission of this proposed legisla­ with industry especially for candidates with U-3, U-6, T-41, and 0-1 aircraft, all of which tion. graduate training in certain fields. OXIX--1541-Part 19

• 24432 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 17, 1973 On the other hand, the Commission may One of its provisions elimina:;es the require­ as having received an "equivalent increase" find that although private employers are ment that an employee must occupy a "per­ on promotion when in fact there has been paying higher salaries on the average to manent" position to be eligible for a periodic little or no change in his rate of pay. This candidates in some occupations the Govern­ step-increase under the General Schedule. situation arises when an employee who has ment recruitment picture does not warrant This requirement was evidently intended to been demoted with salary retention is pro­ the establishment of special rates under 5 exclude from eligibility employees whose moted to a higher grade and continues to u.s.c. 5303. service, because of its temporary nature, receive the same dollar amount as his For example, no special rates have been could not be properly evaluated in terms of retained rate. established for persons with a masters' in efficiency and conduct for purposes of deter­ The Comptroller General has ruled that business administration (MBA). These mining entitlement to salary advancement. the rate the employee would have been re­ candidates are basically eligible for entry If an employee has met the minimum 52- ceiving in the lower grade if he had not into the Federal service at grade GS-9 with week service 1·equirement for a within-grade been entitled to salary retention, rather than a current entry rate of $11,614 a year. Yet increase, however, there would seem to be his retained rate, must be used in deter­ ac~ording to College Placement Council sufficient time to evaluate his performance. mining whether he has received an equiva­ data, industry is offering $14,000 to $15,000 Under the law as presently written, most lent increase. The following example illus­ a year to those graduates from leading uni­ employees whose appointments are limited trates what may happen: versities such as Harvard, MIT, and Stan­ to a specified period are not eligible for their An employee demoted from GS-7 to GS-5 ford. increases even though their tenure may ex­ has a "retained" rate of $10,471 and a "con­ Federal agency needs for MBA graduates ceed the prescribed waiting periods. structed" rate of $10,007. If he is promoted are highly selective and involve searching Frequently in authorizing Schedule A ap­ to G8-6, an intermediate grade, his salary for quality candidates who can bring to bear pointments outside the competitive service would be fixed at $10,574, the lowest rate their specialized backgrounds and training the Commission finds it appropriate to limit that would give him two step-increases over on complex programs. Recruiting for MBA such appointments to specified periods but in his "constructed" rate of $10,007. Although graduates is highly individualistic and ex­ some instances to permit certain extensions. his new rate is only $103 over the "retained" tremely competitive for the most part. There­ For example, an authority may limit initial rate he was receiving at the time of his pro­ fore, the greater salary fiexibility proposed appointments to two years but provide that, motion (actually giving him much less than by this draft bill is needed in addition to the with the approval of the Commission, the the equivalent of a one step-increase in the authority that is available under 5 U.S.C. total employment may be for as long as three lower grade) , he must begin a new waiting 5303. years. Or the authority may simply limit period for his next periodic step-increase. Below the college entry level, authority to total employment to a specified number of Even more inappropriate is the situation make superior quality appointments would years (e.g., four years) or provide that an ap­ where the employee receives no actual in­ be particularly pertinent for one- or few-of­ pointment may not exceed a specified date. crease in salary at all. If this same employee's a-kind positions such as medical machine Although individuals serving under these au­ "retained" rate had been $10,788, there would technicians, health technicians, and phar­ thorities may remain in Federal service for a be no change in his salary rate on promotion macy assistants in GS-2, GS-3, and GS-4. number of years under a series of appoint­ to G8-6. He would continue to receive that In a Veterans hospital, for example, one or ments, they cannot earn within-grade in­ rate until the expiration of the two-year re .. two vacancies may occur for medical support creases because of the limitations on their tention period at which time he would be personnel where it would be unnecessary to tenure. reduced to the rate to which he would have authorize special rates under 5 U.S.C. 5303 One particular kind of inequity this been promoted if he had not been receiving and to make the accompanying adjustments amendment seeks to correct may be illus­ a retained rate (i.e., $10,574, step 8 in G8-6). for on-duty personnel as well, if the author­ trater' by a situation that arose in the Bu­ His 156-week waiting period for advancement ity to make superior quality appointments reau of Customs a few years ago. To aid in the to step 9, however, must be computed from above the normal minimum salary were reorganization of that bureau under Reorga­ the date of the promotion. available. nization Plan No. 1 of 1965, the Civil Service VARIATIONS IN WORKWEEKS FOR EDUCATIONAL If the Government is to receive maximum Commission authorized the retention of cer­ PURPOSES benefit from the superior quality appoint­ tain former Presidential appointees as staff Section 3 makes a minor perfecting change ment authority in 5 U.S.C. 5333, it is highly assistants (Program Advisors) under Sched­ in the statutory provisions authorizing agen-: desirable that the Commission be in a posi­ ule A appointments for not more than three cies to establish special tours of duty for em­ tion to permit agencies to make firm on-the­ years. While the purpose of continuing ";hese ployees attending educational institutions. spot offers under certain limited circum­ employees on the rolls was to t.lke advantage The present language, which was intended to stances. The present requirement that each of their years of experience in +he Bureau of provide fiexibility without requiring the Gov-' appointment be approved in advance by the Customs, they became ineligible for within­ ernment to pay premium compensation, pro­ Civil Service Commission reduces an agen­ grade increases because of tlie three-year scribes payment of permium rates for Sun­ cy's responsiveness in the recruitment of limitation on their tenure. day, night, or holiday duty due solely to highly qualified candidates often where the Section 2 also amends 5 U.S.C. 5335 so as variations in workweeks for educational pur­ agency has the greatest need to be in a posi­ to exclude general adjustments in prevail­ poses. tion to make an immediate and firm offer. ing wage and administratively determined Shortly after this language became law, a While the Commission makes every effort to salary schedules from consideration in de­ new provision was enacted requiring payment act expeditiously on agency requests, there termining whether an employee who moves of overtime for work in excess of eight hours are occasions when the time required for to a General Schedule position has received a day. The proposed amendment will restore an agency to prepare the submission, trans­ an "equivalent increase" for periodic step­ the intended fiexibility by adding a proscrip­ mit it to the Commission, and receive a re­ increase purposes. When an employee re­ tion against premium pay for work in excess sponse may unavoidably result in the loss of ceives an "equivalent increase" (that is, superior candidates. of eight hours a day. an increase in dollar amount to a step­ RESEARCH AND SPECIAL PROJECT EMPLOYEES Amending the present authority to per­ increase) he must begin a new waiting mit the Commission to prescribe conditions period for his next periodic step-increase. Sections 4, 5, and 6 are designed to permit under which an agency may take final action Under present law and interpretations of greater fiexibility in fixing pay for special on certain kinds of superior quality appoint­ the Comptroller General, only those in­ groups of employees who will be designated, ments would not diminish the Commission's creases "granted by statute" are excluded with the approval of the Civil Service Com­ control over such appointments. Under the from consideration as equivalent increases mission, as "research associates" and "special amendment proposed in this draft bill, the for this purpose. Although the present rule project employees". Commission could still require prior approval may have been reasonable years ago, when Research Associates-The proposed amend­ in each individual case where it is deemed wage schedules rose every year and adjust­ ments relating to this group are intended appropriate. ments in the General Schedule were few principally for application to postdoctoral re­ However, in its discretion, the Commission and far between, the two systems are now search associates in programs sponsored by would be able to prescribe conditions under quite simila.r in the frequency and bases for the National Research Council but they are which an agency could take final action on schedule adjustments. broad enough to permit application to other certain superior quality appointments. These They are also both subject to central, employees in positions established primarily conditions could be modified or withdrawn Government-wide coordination, whereas to provide an opportunity for advanced pro­ by the Commission at any time. The Com­ wage schedule increases were then within fessional training. mission could review the appropriateness of the uncoordinated discretion of individual They would not authorize any new posi­ quality appointments made by the agencies agencies. While administratively determined tions or any new programs for the employ­ by requiring periodic reports on the actions salary schedules are still adjusted by the ment of research associates but would simply taken. individual agencies, the common practice is permit agencies, with the approval of the PERIODIC STEP-INCREASES to make the amount of increase and the Civil Service Commission, to designate em­ Section 2 amends the ellgibility require­ effective date coincide with adjustments in ployees in positions under existing programs, ments for periodic step-increases under 5 the General Schedule. or under programs subsequently established u.s.o.· 5335 to provide more equitable treat­ There is also a provision in section 2 to under other authority, as research associates. ment for employees in General Schedule po­ remove the requirement that under certain Greater fiexibility in selecting appropriate sitions. circumstances an employee must be treated rates of compensation for these research as-

• July 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24433 sociates will be provided by exempting the after enactment, is provided by the Civil tors, we venture that Sen. Jackson is right positions from the General Schedule classi­ Service Commission in appropriate regula­ in also citing such other factors as the oil fication system and the usual premium pay tions. industry's faulty predictions that refinery provisions in title 5, United States Code. capacity was sufficient to satisfy demand, and When a position has been designated as a. the government's delay in lifting import research associate position under these new OIL SHORTAGE? restrictions on foreign crude oil. provisions, the Civil Service Commission will Errors of judgment or shortages aggravated issue regulations governing the fixing of the by such unforeseen developments as delays stipend for the position. As appropriate the in the Alaska pipeline and the impact of HON. HENRY P. SMITH III auto emission controls on gas consumption, Commission may consult with the agencies OF NEW YORK and the National Research Council in fixing hardly lend support to claims of a calculated these limitations. Different rates or mini­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES conspiracy to engineer a temporary shortage mum and maximum rates can be set for Tuesday, July 17, 1973 for profit and market advantage. different classes of positions. The causes of present shortag~s aside, how­ Stipends for individual research associate Mr. SMITH of New York. Mr. Speaker, ever, the allegations that the big vertically­ will be fixed by the agencies in accordance no one can escape the seriousness and organized oil companies are favoring their with the Commission's regulations. If for a confusion that has engulfed the current own retail outlets over independent low­ particular type of position a single uniform energy issue. We are all being presented price competitors does raise searching ques­ Government-wide rate is deemed desirable, tions about an industry structure which "facts" suggesting we face serious short­ roughly resembles that of the movie indus­ the Commission could fix a specific amount ages of petroleum products to the point thus leaving no discretion to agencies. In try before the divestiture of producers' con­ other cases, it could provide minimum and where gasoline rations may be required, trol over theater chains. maximum limits within which the agencies yet, at the same time hear that "in truth" In any case, the public's interest lies in may select appropriate stipends. no shortage exists at all but the current whatever national fuel-allocation require­ It is believed that with these proposed problems are the result of conspiracy by ments are needed, beyond voluntary guide­ amendments a more suitable method of com­ the Nation's major oil companies to raise lines, to ensure that an energy squeeze pensation can be provided for a person who prices and drive independents out of doesn't eliminate healthy competition. And is assigned to work in a laboratory or other as for the confusion over whether the energy Government activity, not primarily for ac­ business. shortage is genuine or contrived, let Congress complishing the mission of the activity, al­ During the 93d Congress, over half of and FTC investigators produce whatever ob­ though this might be an important aspect of the 38 congressional committees have jective data they have to support or refute the assignment, but primarily for the purpose held hearings which relate to the energy charges of improper market practices. If the of developing the individual's skills and ex­ crisis. In this time more than 300 days public is to take the energy crisis seriously, panding his worth to the profession. of hearings have been completed with it must have all the facts. Freedom from the General Schedule classi­ many more yet scheduled. fication system is needed because of the sub­ I believe it imperative that we receive stantial learning-experience element in the position and because the usual concept of the most accurate assessment possible of SKYLAB MISSION TO STAND AS assigned duties and responsibillties is not our present position in order to establish TRIBUTE TO SPACEMEN'S INGE­ really appllcable. Greater freedom in select­ a sound foundation for policies and pro­ NUITY, PERSISTENCE ing appropriate rates of compensation is grams that will guide us in the future. needed because, at the present time, for post­ I submit the following editorial from doctoral research associates there is little al­ the Buffalo Evening News, "Dispel the ternative to simply using the beginning rate Oil Shortage Confusion," for the benefit HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE of either GB-11 or GS-12. While the begin­ of my colleagues. OF TEXAS ning rate of G6-111s currently used, there is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES no assurance that either of these rates will in [From the Buffalo Evening News, July 11, the future be suitable. 1973] Tuesday, July 17, 1973 DISPEL OIL SHORTAGE CONFUSION Special Project Employees-This group will Mr. include employees designated by the agen­ The causes of the nation's spotty gasoline TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, cies, with the approval of the Civil Service shortages are complex, but no more so than Mr. Patrick Young writes in the National Commission, who enter the Federal service getting at the truth of the charges attribut­ Observer of June 30, 1973, of the ingenu­ on a parttime or temporary basi~? under ing these to monopolistic-type marketing ity and persistence of the Skylab astro­ special economic or educational opportunity practices by the major oil companies. nauts in their contribution to our na­ programs like those related to the Federal A suit brought by the Florida attorney tional space program. These outstanding Summer Employment Program for Youth general against 15 companies charges a con­ men-astronauts Charles "Pete" Conrad, and the President's Stay-in-School Campaign. spiracy to keep gasoline prices high and Under the proposed amendments, the Civil drive out independent competitors. Con­ Jr., Dr. Joseph P. Kerwin, and Paul J. Service Commission will be authorized, for gress, meanwhile, is feeling intense pressure Weitz--have not only performed an ex­ the purpose of employment under these pro­ from the non-brand-name service stations, ceptional mission in space which con­ grams, to approve exemptions from the statu­ nearly 2000 of which have either closed down tributed both new scientific knowledge tory classification and pay provisions and to already or are on the verge. The independent and practical benefits but also rescued a issue regulations governing pay for such dealers blame their scarcity of supplies on mission which could have ended in fail­ employment. the big "integrated" oil companies which w·e. The astronauts intervention and re­ Individuals employed on these programs control oil production from the time it comes are not required to meet the usual qualifi­ out of the ground and is refined until it is pair of Skylab ranks as a major first in cation standards for appointment or to main­ pumped into auto gas tanks. our national space program. It points out tain the performance standards expected of The inference here is that the major com­ the advantages that will accrue from the regular employees. Accordingly the usual panies are using a gas shortage as an occa­ development of the Space Shuttle for compensation provisions are not always suit­ sion to squeeze out their small competitors. space transportation which is now un­ able. While supporting that charge, a report by derway. When the Space Shuttle is avail­ In view of the nature and purpose of na­ Federal Trade Commission investigators goes able, refurbishment, repair, and recovery tionwide programs of this type, Federal agen­ beyond it to suggest federal anti-trust action cies should be free to compensate their par­ to separate the crude-oil production business of expensive hardware will become rou­ ticipating employees in a manner similar to from refining and marketing operations. tine. Mr. Young, in his description of the that followed by private employers without We use the word "suggest" advisedly, be­ first of three Skylab missions, signals the regard to the normal requirements for classi­ cause it is hard to tell from what is being importance of this activity as part of the fication of positions on the basis of duties leaked from the report by Sen. Henry M. foundation for the use of space in future and responsibilities. Jackson (D., Wash.) just what the FTC's in­ years. The article follows: The pay of individuals already on the rolls tentions are. I! the FTC after two years' in­ in positions designated under the proposed vestigation has solid evidence to substantiate SKYLAB MISSION TO STAND AS TRmUTE TO new authority as either "research associates" its inferences of exclusionary marketing prac­ SPACEMEN'S INGENUrrY, PERSISTENCE or "special project employees" will be pre­ t ices, it should bring it out in the open. (By Patrick Young) served by the provisions in section 7 of the Emphatically denying any plot to throttle For Skylab, it's one down and two to go. draft bill. competition, the petroleum industry insists Astronauts Charles "Pete" Conrad, Jr., Dr. EFFECTrvE DATE that the "energy shortfall" is anything but Joseph P. Kerwin, and Paul J. Weitz splashed Section 8 fixes the effective date of the artificial, and blames it on skyrocketing con­ down safely into the Paciflc Ocean last week amendments in the bill not later than the sumer demand, environmental restrictions after a record-setting mission of 28 days and beginning of the first pay period which be­ on new oil supplies, and on ill-advised fed­ 50 minutes during which they traveled some gins on or after 120 days following the date eral regula tory policies. 11.5 million miles in earth orbit. It was the of enactment except where an earner aate, While these certainly were significant fac- longest manned space mission yet, surpassw 24434 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 17, 1973 ing by more than four days the Soviet Soyuz America's financial difficulties, both at agonizing difficult decisions made by the 11 flight in 1971, which ended in the deaths home and abroad, to fallout from the President, during this period. of three cosmonauts when their cabin de­ Watergate. Several articles have come to One was the price freeze-a decision that pre~urized at landing. And it set the stage more and more people are coming to regard for the longer July and October Sltylab my attention, especially in foreign news­ as a mistake, but still a decision. missions. papers, which claim that ·watergate has Another, equally tough, was to impose It was not a letter-perfect mission for Sky­ paralyzed the Government and has im­ exports control on many farm products lab. But the fact the flight took place at all paired America's ability to deal with and iron and steel scrap-a move that in­ was a tribute to the ingenuity and persist­ economic issues. volved partial abrogation of contracts in ence of the crew and National Aeronautics One of the most enlightening com­ some cases and major outcries from foreign and Space Administration (NASA) personnel ments in this regard appeared in the New countries. who overcame the obstacle of a seriously But despite these things, a case that damaged craft. York Times of July 16, 1973, in a story something like paralysis exists might yet EMERGENCY REPAIRS by Edwin L. Dale, Jr. Mr. Dale develops be made. ·' During Skylab's May 14 launch, a shield the argument that although what we TAX POSSmiLITIES designed to protect it from micrometeorite may have is governmental paralysis of By far the best example is the issue of punctures ripped free, taking one panel of a sort, the disease reaches much deeper whether to take the painful step of propos­ solar cells with it and jamming a second so than Watergate. We in Congress should ing a tax increase of some kind as a decisive it wouldn't open properly. This cut Skylab's examine his contention that the paralysis measure to cool the boom and curb inflation. power supply in halr. And since the shield stems more from the President's rela­ To the person who strongly believes such a was painted to ward off the sun's heat, its tions with Congress-over spending­ step is necessary, the failure of the President loss sent temperatures in the space station to take it is evidence of "paralysis". But the soaring above 120 degrees Fahrenheit. than with Senator ERVIN and Special real problem is not Watergate. After a 10-day delay, the crew rocketed to Prosecutor Cox. The so-called battle of Although Arthur F. Burns, chairman of a rendezvous with Skylab and installed a sun the budget has not been lost by the ad­ the Federal Reserve Board, strongly favors a shade that had been hastily designed and ministration or won by Congress, is an tax measure, the advice Mr. Nixon is getting stitched together on earth. It worked, lower­ issue that will confront us for some time is by no means unanimous on the point. Sec­ ing temperatures to livable levels. Later Con­ to come, with or without Watergate. retary of the Treasury George P. Shultz, for rad and Kerwin, in a dramatic space walk, The text of the article follows: example, strongly indicated to reporters last cut a thin metal strip blocking the jammed week that he was against it. · solar panel and then popped it into proper VVATERGATE VVEIG~IED AS A PARALYZER And there is the problem of Congress. position. (By Edwin L. Dale, Jr.) Could Congress possibly pass a tax increase These two emergency repairs, and several VVASHINGTON, July 15-"There were early in time to cool the boom, or would it wait more minor ones, saved the first mission and market expectations that the Government so long that the increase would wind up, as left NASA officials confident the two remain­ would act resolutely to deal with this un­ one official put it, by "kicking the boom ing filghts, both planned for 56 days each, favorable development (a further increase when it's down"? could go ahead. of the rate of infiational), but the Water­ In brief, a seeming paralysis on the tax LOSS OF MUSCLE TONE gate inquiry apparently immobilized govern­ question results far more from the inherent The crew apparently survived its month mental economic decision-making . . . "­ dilemmas in the problem than from any­ in the weightlessness of space in good phys­ Salomon Brothers, in the firm's recent re­ thing to do with Watergate. ical condition. "I think I'm in as good shape view of the bond market for June.· And the same thing goes for Phase 4 of now almost as when I left," Conrad said less "It is not that the currency dealers are price and wage controls. than two days before landing. And Kerwin, worried about who bugged whom, but that Here again, there are simply no good an­ the first physician in space, commented, "I'm the scandal has literally paralyzed the United swers, and the officials involved, such as John tremendously encouraged about the future States Government at a time when tt is T. Dunlop, director of the Cost of Living of long-duration flight." facing a formidable resurgence of price Council, are the fi.l·st to admit it. The Presi­ The astronauts did lose some weight and inflation at home and major international dent had begun to tackle the .issue just be­ muscle tone, and on landing they had diffi­ negotiations on monetary and trade re­ fore his recent illness, and he did so as soon culty walking. But this was expected. Soviet form/'-John Palmer in the Guardian, of as it was presented to him-in the same week cosmonauts had reported similar problems Britain. that the labor-management advisory com­ after long flights. The reason, NASA doctors Has Watergate paralyzed the United States mittee unanimously recommended a com­ explained, was that the heart does not have Government and, in particular, the Presi­ plete end of controls by the end of the year. to pump as hard without gravity and the dency, as the current talk here and abroad CRITICAL RELATIONS body's cardiovascular system grows weak. would have it? The true problem of paralysis stemn'ling When spacemen return tc earth it takes time The answer turns out to. be a good deal from Watergate, if there is one, comes not in for their hearts and blood vessels to regain more subtle than the citations above imply. those things but in a different area: The their full strength. Indeed, a case can be made that if there is President's relations with Congress and his More than 30,200 photographs of the sun paralysis at all, at least in the economic centrally important effort to try to check the came back with the crew, including pictures policy area, it is for reasons other than Watergate. rise of Government spending. of a solar flare, a giant explosion on the solar Here there are several things that observers surface. An exploration of this subject must begin with an appreciation of how the American in the capital point out. "Flares are the most intriguing solar­ The first is that the President's "leverage" physics phenomena," says Guisseppi Vaiana, Government works. A good starting place, obvious perhaps, but often overlooked, is over Congress has probably been weakened one of the scientists working with Skylab's though the degree cannot be measured. His solar telescopes. "We do not understand how the Federal Reserve System. If the Fed is paralyzed, it would be hard general reputation with the public has this energy is stored and how it is released. dropped-at least as measured in the polls: Now we've been able to observe a flare with to find a bank or a money-market operator who thinks so. The . nation's central bank That is bound to hurt him somewhat in any the best instruments ever built." has not, of course, been touched in any struggle, as the one over spending, with a If all goes well, the new space record will way by the scandals. In any case, it has Congress in the control of the oppos-ite party. fall soon. Skylab's second crew-Alan L. been conducting a much tougher monetary But the other side of the coin is the re­ Bean, Owen K. Garriott, and Jack R. Lo­ policy of late, with both publicly announced markable growth of consensus in Congress usma-is set for launch in late July on a actions and dally operations in the money itself than an outer limit on total spending planned 56-day mission. They will carry out market. in this fiscal year of $268.7-billion, as pro­ solar-astronomy, medical, earth-resources, Monetary policy is at least as important posed by Mr. Nixon, is good economic and technological experiments similar to as anything else the Government does under policy-though there are an sorts of dis­ those just completed. The third and final the heading of "economic policy." And the agreements on how this huge pie should be Skylab mission 1s set to begin in October. anti-inflation eff·ort there has obviously sliced. proceeded with full vigor, regardless of Congress has not yet found the way to varying views of the rightness of the policy. exact an effective spending ceiling, and it WATERGATE: PARALYSIS OR JUST BUSINESS AS USUAL will probably alter the President's priorities to a significant degree, but there is no desire THE "BUG" Elsewhere, the Treasury Department con­ to be spendthrift. tinues to roll over and otherwise "manage" While Mr. Shultz expressed fears last week the national debt. The United States posi­ that Congress was falling back into its old HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON tion in the international monetary reform habits of raising spending in piecemeal ac­ OF MASSACHUSETTS negotiations continues to be developed. tions on individual b1lls-and while bills IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES The regulatory process including such vital already enacted would raise spending by Tuesday, July 17, 1973 matters as the future of the Penn Central about $1-billion over the budget-the basic Railroad proceeds at a pace ·neither slower "battle of the budget" is. by no means lost, Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, nor faster than before. , Watergate or no Watergate, according to a many commentators have attributed What is more, there have even been•some fairly general assessment here. July 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24435 Mr. Shultz took heart in the outcome of for a mission church, Saint Augustine's of Mary's School was turned over to the 198th the sudden move late last month to increase South Glastonbury and in that same year, Coast Artillery. Social Security benefits, a move originating land was purchased in Wethersfield for the Father :>rennan saw his parish through in the Senate Finance Committee. After much Sacred Heart Church. Money was also set the great depression of the 30's. It took many maneuvering, a key vote in the House aside for the erection of a church in Rocky years and great effort to clear the school of changed the measure so that the benefit in­ Hill. debt but it was accomplished. crease would be delayed until next June and Father Mulcahy was transferred to Saint Father Drennan died on June 7, 1959, and would be "paid for" by a higher Social Se­ Patrick's in Thompsonville on November 1, was replaced by Father John Dial. Before curity tax-wage base. In Mr. Shultz's view 1878 and Rev. John T. McMahon was as­ coming to East Hartford, he was Principal of this reflected not only a victory for the Ad­ signed third pastor. the Sacred Heart School in Waterbury. Father ministration position but also a basic sense Father McMahon planned the dedication Dial faced the problem of rebuilding. The of fiscal responsibility, at least in the House. of Saint Augu_stine's in South Glastonbury church, rectory and convent were old and DISEASE IN CONGRESS and on November 17, 1878, the Very Rev. the school was in need of repairs. The build­ In any event, the di1ficulty of the budget Thomas Walsh, Vicar General o1ficiated at the ing program was launched immediately. On issue, from the point of view of the President ceremony. December 22, 1962, Archbishop Henry J. as well as of the Congressional budget re­ Rocky Hlll was cut from Saint Mary's Par­ O'Brien dedicated the present church that formers, would be great even if Watergate ish in 1880, and was placed under the juris­ is located on the corner of Main Street and had never come up. If there is paralysis, it is diction of Saint John's Parish in Cromwell. Maplewood Avenue. Adjacent to the church, because of a disease that began to a1fiict This was the first break in the original parish. on Maplewood Avenue, the rectory was built Congress long before Watergate. Most mem­ The first curate to be assigned to Saint and in 1963, a 16-room convent was erected bers know this and many ru:e trying to do Mary's on March 31, 1881 was Rev. J. Curtin. on the site of the original church. something about lt. The fourth pastor,-Rev. James T. Gleeson, In January of 1973, Father Dial announced Even if one concludes that the case for a native of New Haven, Connecticut was as­ his retirement and his replacement by a paralysis as a result of Watergate, certainly signed to Saint Mary's on November 1, 1884. "team" pastorate. He was appointed Pastor in economic policy, is a weak one, that does The first rector'y was built on Woodbridge Emeritus by Archbishop John Whealon, and not change the sep9.rate, but related, prob­ Avenue, behind the church in August 1888. in March 1973, Father James Smith and lem of psychology, or confidence. In 1902, electric lights were installed in Father James Nock were appointed co­ If people think there is paralyses, they sell the church and Saint Augustine's of South pastors. stocks or in the foreign exchange market, Glastonbury became a parish. The second In February 1973, the Sisters of Mercy were dollars. By the confidence measure, ·water­ part of Saint Mary's to go on their own. removed from Saint Mary's. This was fol­ gate may well have affected markets whether Father Gleeson was moved from Saint lowed by the announcement in April, that the Government is or is not actually ham­ Mary's and the new pastor, Rev. Thomas S. due to fin·Nncial reasons, Saint Mary's School pered in its functioning. Duggan, came to East Hartford from Saint would be forced to close in June. Joseph's Cathedral in Hartford. Saint Mary's Parish is embarking on its Land was purchased for a cemetery in the second 100 years. Time has brought many Burnside area of East Hartford, and on May changes since 1873 for the people of the 17, 1903, the ceremony of consecration was parish, and the people of today face the ST. MARY'S PARISH, EAST HART­ performed by Bishop Tierney. future with faith. The parishioners· of 1973 FORD: 100 YEARS OF SERVICE For many years, the "Sisters of Mercy" sent are the beginning of the second 100 years nuns to Saint Mary's to assist with the Cath­ and they mean to have it said, "They made a olic education of the children, and on April good beginning". HON. WILLIAM R. COTTER 23, 1904, land and a house were purchased for OF CONNECTICUT them on Main Street. Four nuns were as­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES signed to the parish with Sister Mary Leon­ . ard as the Superior. The house was converted Tuesday, July 17, 1973 COMPREHENSIVE CHIT..rD DEVELOP·­ to a convent. MENTEXPERIMENTSCONTINUE Mr. CO'ITER. Mr. Speaker, Saint May 19, 1905, Father Duggan returned to the Cathedral as Rector and was replaced by Mary'f? Parish in East Hartford, Conn .• Rev. Dennis P. Hurley, a curate from Saint has been an historic participant in the Patrick's in Hartford. Father Hurley equippe.:l HON. JOHN R. RA.RICK growth of the Hartford area. This year a library of over 500 volumes that was used OF LOUISIANA begins the lOOth anniversary of this in connection with~ the Sunday School. The IN THE HOUSE OF 'REPRESENTATIVES great parish, which is a monument to the school had an enrollment of 400 and an aver­ Tuesday, July 17, 1973 dedicated parishioners and · religious age attendance of 300. leaders who have made this parish a Rev. Timothy E. Sullivan, curate at Saint Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, compre­ noteworthy addition to Connecticut's Joseph's in Chester, replaced Father Hurley hensive child development, the theory as pastor on September 4, 1919. Father Sul­ of collectivist child rearing which has history. livan immediately purchased land at the The history follows: corner of Main and Stanley Str.:.ets where caused a great deal of alarm to many HISTORY OF ST. MARY'S PARISH it was planned to erect a recreation build­ parents in this country, apparently is On August 1, 1873, Saint Mary's Parish of ·ing. Father Sullivan died in December of becoming more comprehensive as edu­ East Hartford, Connecticut was formed. The 1922 and his successor, Rev. Dennis F. Baker cational experiments continue. area of the parish was East Hartford, South was appointed seventh pastor. At the time Psychological probing into the minds Windsor, Glastonbury, South Glastonbury, of his appointment to Saint Mary's, Father of American children as early as 2 weeks Wethersfield and Rocky Hill. The saine area Baker was serving as pastor of Saint Augus­ of age is being undertaken in Brookline, today is served by 14 parishes in addition tine's in South Glastonbury. Much of his Mass., under the name of the Brookline to Saint Mary's. Until the formation of Saint time and effort was spent in organizing the Early Educational Project-BEEP. Tests Mary's, the area was part of Saint Patrick's parish into clubs and societies. The "Guild ·of mental and physical development ad­ Parish in Hartford, Connecticut. of Saint Mary's" wa,s organized in January The first pastor was Rev. Patrick F. Good­ 1927 and is still active. ministered by BEEP psychologists begin win who served from August 1, 1873 tO Febru­ Father Baker was transferred on June 16, soon after birth and continue until the ary 15, 1877. He was a native of County Ty­ 1928 and was replaced by Rev. Thomas J~ child reaches regular school. The an­ rone, Ireland and at the time of his appoint­ Drennan, D.D. Prior to his appointment to nounced purpose of the experiments is ment to Saint _Mary's he was serving as a Saint Mru-y's, Fb.ther Drennan was . Vice­ to program the infant-so that he will curate at Saint Patrick's in Hartford. President of Saint Thomas Sel)J.inary in earn better grades when he entered ele:.. The first mass,es of Saint Mary's were cele- Bloomfield. In January of 1929, Father Drennan an- mentary school 6 years later. _ . brated at Elm Hall on Main Street near According to Harvard educator Burton Ch~rch Corners. Father Goodwin purchased .. nounced plans -to build a school on the land for the first church on the corner of property at Ma in and ' Stanley Streets. L. White, who researched the {nethod..:. Woodbridge Avenue and Main Street. Ground was broken ·in August, and the ology a child wlio is 6 months behind Father Goodwin died on February 15, 1877 school was open to students in September at the age of 3 "is not likely to be suc­ and on February 22, 1877, the Rev. John A. 1930. Saint Mary's was the first Junior High cessful in his futurE; educational career." Mulcahy was assigned as second pastor. School to be built in the Hartford Diocese, So the answers presented is to trap the Father Mulcahy continued with the plans which at that time was the entire State of child into a controlled environment for the church and on April 1, 1877, ground Connecticut. In 1959, there were 609 students was broken; on June 3, 1877 the corner stone enrolled at Saint Mary's. where his behavior can be monitored was laid and on November 11, 1877, the 1941 saw another section of Saint ~ry's from his earliest weeks. Other educa­ church was dedicated by Bishop Galberry. set aside for a new parish. This time, it was tional planners are working on additional The church was built by John Mead of Hart­ the South Windsor section, and was named methods of modifying children's be­ ford and had a seating capacity of 600. Saint Francis of Assisi. havior to conform to a new set of stand­ on Aprll 11, 1878, the corner stone was laid During World War II, a part of Saint ards dictated by faceless psychologists. 24436 EXrENSIONS OF REMARKS July 17, 1973 .If we are to follow the recommenda­ prepare prospective parents to do the job of and families. For many parents, this is the tions of some educational scientists, our helping children acquire the foundation re­ first exposure to the varied materials and classrooms would become laboratories quirements for formal education," accordi.D.g ideas that are available. to change the behavior of the students, to White. If this all sounds a little formal and in­ Robert Sperber, Brookline's superintendent structive, the parents more often see it as rather than to present them with the of schools, was persuaded by White's ideas, helpful and enjoyable. "Little things we can information needed for a viable educa­ and the Carnegie and Robert Wood Johnson try with our babies" and assistance in un­ tion. The theories of a number of modern foundations have given $750,000 for the fi,rst derstanding their development were wel­ planners move toward "correcting" the two years of what will be a five-year tryout comed by all the mothers present in the cen- values and standards established in the of White's proposal. ter recently. . home. If the attitudes a child develops And so, all over this town of €W,OOO, there All the children in BEEP will get the full at home can be "overcome in the class­ are posters proclaiming "Give your child a diagnostic testing. They will be divided into room," comprehensive child development good start. BEEP wlll help you, mothers and three groups, at random, for the home visits fathers, with diagnostic exams for your new and seminars. shall become a · reality in this country. baby, with educational ideas, and much One group will cost $400 per child,· one BEEP is funded with $750,000 from more, free." $800, one $1,200 varying according to the the Carnegie and Robert Wood Johnson BEEP's medical aspect begins with an hour amount of followup the staff will provide. Foundations for its first 2 years. But and 15 minutes of neurological tests. The foundation grants will meet all expenses. White is quick to pomt out· that if the The physician follows an intricate pattern The intent is to· find out how expensive program's experiments are successful, of stroking and thumping to test reflexes, such a program needs to be in order to be. BEEP has "an interesting potential for clapping his hands a.nd clleking bis fingers to effective. drastically altering the pay public money see the child react, pushing on the newborn's Because BEEP is an experiment, volu­ feet to see how strongly he pushes back. minous records are kept, but nothing is is spent for education." The doctor shines lights into the baby's written down that parents may not see. The cradle-to-the-grave monitoring of eyes, spins him around to see whether the The program is voluntary, and so Profes­ the activities and minds of the American eyes can keep up with the body's motion. sor White says potential charges of meddling people by elite groups of psychotherapists Changes in the baby's mood, from smiling to in the private affairs of the family are is a dangerous step toward limitmg in­ bawling, are also noted. not valid ...I have no desire to help any dividual liberty in a free society. The reactions on these tests vary with age, family that doesn't want to be helped." _ The great national debate on child and the tests are repeated every three Offering the program to all familles in tl'i:e rearing called for by President Nixon months. community, not just to the poor, will make The Dutch physician who developec;l the it more politically acceptable here, and pos­ continues on a one-sided basis, funded test, Heinz Prechtl, has been able to use it to sibly elsewhere as well, White says. by tax-free foundations. The side of the identify problems of tiny infants that lead to If it works, BEEP has "an Interesting po­ American parents. however, is not being later school failures, and the Harvard doc­ tential for drastically altering the way public heard. tors hope to be able to duplicate Prechtl's money is spent for educatjon," White ~ays. I ask that the related news clipping results. "I want to see if we can make a difference follow: To allay apprehensions, Dr~ Melvin Levine of real significance," he says. "We need to ~ (From the Washington Post, July 7, 19'13] assures parents their child cannot "pass" or able to show something fairly c:lramatlc." "fail" the Prechtl test. The results are in­ Success will be measured in terms of CHIL- SUBmtl3AN SCHOOLS BEGIN TEsTs OF tended to spot development peculiarities that standardized tests, and a.lso by tests of DREN AGED 2 WEEKS may cause the doctor to suggest remedies to maturity and capability in non-school areas, (By Andrew Barnes) avoid later difficulties. · If a whole class of abler children and· par..: BROOKLINE, MAss.-For most of the babies The examinations will also spot hearing ents is indeed the result, teachers wHl have born in this Boston submb during the rest loss and bad eyesight so they can be cor­ to be retrained, and the entire reading and of this year, public school will start at the rected before they become major obstacles to arithmetic curriculum may have to be r~'T age of two weeks. a child's learning. drawn, according to Superintendent Sperber. It will not be the school of books and The family instruction aspect of BEEP Plans call for 225 children· in BEEP · by yellow buses, but an experimental program is of tremendous importance to the child's next Jan. 1, with about 60 being black and aimed at producing children who earn bet­ later school success, Professor White believes. Spanish speaking from Boston, included tti ter grades six years later. "If a mother does a fine job in the pre­ create a more representative ·sample than the A baby's first introduction to this unusual school years, subsequent educators, such as white affluent Brookline population. education will be a new and thorough test teachers, will find their chances for effective­ The hope is that at leas1 100 wlll stay in of his mental and physical development, ad­ ness maximized," White has written. the area for the next six years so their school ministered by a physician from the Harvard Teaching parents to do a better job means success can be charted. They will be com­ Medical School. These tests will continue un­ seminars with child development experts and pared with a control group of children one til the baby enters regular school. other parents, home visits, and use of the year older who have not taken part in BEEP. The other major aspect of the experiment BEEP facility, conveniently located next to wm be instruction for parents in how to do a midtown shopping center. a better job of raising children. No one style The central theme of the seminars and of child rearing will be advocated. Rather, home visits is assisting a parent in observ­ DISABLED AMERICAN VETERANS parents will be taught to understand the ing the child's development. likely effects of what they are doing, and As Marsha Rogers, one of the home visitors, the possible alternatives. describes it, she begins a visit by asking what HON. CHARLES ROSE III The experiment was conceived when school a baby has been doing. The mother's first an­ OF NORTH CARO~A officials found that even here, in a wealthy swer is often, "Oh. nothing much.'' community where most children do well on She is then able to elicit from the mother IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tests and get into choice colleges, some chil­ that the baby has used new words, or learned Tuesday, July 17, 1973 dren get to school at the age of six already to handle new words, or learned to handle in a "cycle of failure," and they never pull new situations. She also helps parents per­ Mr. ROSE. Mr. Speaker, on Saturday, out of it. ceive how they are acting toward their baby. the 14th of July, it was my privilege to Brookline schools, for all their excellent The home visitor might make the parents address the 51st annual convention of reputation, did not make much difference aware of alternative ways of handling their North Carolina's Disabled Ameriean Vet­ for these children. Those who started behind, child. To a mother who kept her infant in a erans in my hometown of Fayetteville, stayed behind. playpen all day, it might be suggested that Attempts to prevent these school failures more varied surroundings would interest N.C. by starting children in school at four years of the baby and help it grow. The men and women who make up age and then three years of age, like the na.,.. Rather than teaching any particular tech­ this organization have all made tremen­ tional Project Head Start, have not proven niques, the visits and seminars will focus on dous sacrifices for the United States of consistently effective. the situations and problems of the individual America. This organization exists be­ The Brookline Early Education Project, families in each group. cause somebody ·somewhere along the known here as BEEP, is focusing on even Simply providing someone to talk to about way taught these people that they had younger children, and on families instead the problems of being a parent wm be im­ an obligation to their country. And when of schools, as the result of research by Har­ portant in improving the job parents do, their country called them, they came vard educator Burton L. White. the BEEP organizers believe. forward and fulfilled that responsibil­ White's central conclusion is that a child Parents are encouraged to drop in at the who is six months behind at the age of BEE·P omces. There is a room where mothers ity. They did not flee their country, they three "is not likely ever to be successful in can sit and chat, a coffee pot down the hall did not dodge the draft, and after the his future educational career." and a playroom for older children. conflict ceased, they did not ask for spe­ The education of children in these earliest Educational toys can be borrowed, free, cial permission to be excused from obey­ years is up to faiDllies, and yet ..we do not and thel'e is a library of books about children ing the Ia:w.No, they ga~e their lives and July 17, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24437 their limbs and their physical health to · made known to the convention in Fay- are not only illegal and ·some highly addle­ keep freedom strong in this co-untry. etteville, George Little was led to the tive, but they symbolize an alien and evil This year, the convention honored as front by his wife, Marie. Through tears culture. But other mind-affecting and ad- . dieting drugs, like alcohol and some seda- the Disabled American Veteran of the of appreciation, he told t he convent IOn tives, are considered quite respectable-even Year, in North Carolina, Mr. George A. that there were four things in this life necessary. "Sack" Little. The presentation of this that were important to him. First, he This complacency about legal drugs is in­ award was made by Robert L. Lowder, said, was God Almighty; second, was his sidious. Far more damage to individual's and adjutant of Chapter No. 12, DAV. wife, Marie, who had stayed by his side; society is inflicted by these drugs than by 11- George A. "Sack" Little enlisted in the third, was his two children; and fourth, legal drugs. That's why any solution to the U.S. Marines on September 6, 1942. He was the United States of America. drug problem must be framed in a perspec­ completed basic training at Parris Island, Mr. Speaker, George Little is a great tive that includes legal as well as illegal drug use. S.C., and was assigned to the 2d Marine American, and I hope that the news of The basic premise of the drug problem is Division. His first combat action was on what this man has accomplished will that dependence on mind-altering drugs Guadalcanal where he was wounded in travel from one end of this country to must decrease. But this dependence is some- the leg. the other. thing that people give up most reluctantly. "Sack" earned the Silver Star while That's why there are no simple answers or serving in Saipan and the Tinian Islands. short_ cuts for the drug problem. It will re:- The survivors of several Marine units THE DRUG PROBLEM quire a persistent attack on many fronts- had been joined with new recruits to an attack in which government, the family; form the 6th Marine Division for the as- HON. CHARLES B.· RANGEL yes,the. medicaleven the profession, media-all drug have companies-and roles to play. . sault on Okinawa, and "Sack" was a OF NEW YORK First it means· cutting back the supply of rifleman in C Company, 1st Battalion, drugs through strong law enforcement aimed 29th Regiment. While in charge of a IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES at big-time traffickers in heroin and other il- patrol, he spotted a fleeing Japanese Tuesday, July 17, 1973 legal drugs. But cutting back on drugs must lookout. Realizing that to fire .a shot also include tighter controls over the manu- would give away their position, "Sack" Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, recent edi- facture of legal mind-altering pharmaceuti- gave chase on foot up a narrow, winding torials by WCBS-TV in New York con- cals, and it must also mean greater restraints road with bayonet in hand. As he round- cerned themselves with the American on the part of physicians in prescribing these problem of addiction. drugs. The resulting scarcity should put in- ed a curve, a machinegun bullet ripped In that they made some excellent creased pressure on those already addicted into his face near the left eye. Staggering points, I am submitting two of the edi- and should decrease the numbers of new re­ backwards, "Sack" collapsed face down, cruits. Then, every effort must be made to permanently blinded from his wound. torials for the collective attention of my encourage addicts to go into treatment, either Before his discharge in November 1946, colleagues and all CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD after they are arrested for drug-related "Sack" had undergone 27 different oper- readers. · crimes, but preferably before. Most addicts do ations. THE DRuG PROBLEM-7 not appear motivated to seek treatment but Returning to his home at Oakboro, Broadcast: June 12, 1973 in a climate of real drug scarcity, they should be more inclined to do so. N.C., George A. Little married his sweet- The drug problem to most people is . At the same time, the attitudes and be- heart, Miss Marie Smith. Together they synonymous with heroin. Stop the traffic in havior of so-called "straight" America must purchased a farm and built an eight- bergin, they think, and you've got the p~ob- begin to change. That me~ns playing down lem licked. Well, the use of heroin appears room house. For the next 10 years, "Sack" to be levelling off across the country, in part . and deglamorlzing alcohol. It also means . raised chickens, building the flocks to due to strong law enforcement efforts that ·swallowing fewer pills to change the way we · 12,000 layers. A continuing eye infection have cut down the supply of heroin. But the feel. in "Sack's" damaged"eye_finally prompted·_ theqry that a heroin drough+ would drive· We can't expect the movies, the media, ad­ ~s doctors to .order him to get out of t. he adgicts into. treat~ent programs or reduce :vertising agencies, the liquor industry and th. b f d b drug manufacturers to do the whole job. If poultry business. , e num er 0 rug a users appears so far we are really serious about diminishing drug "Sack" and ·Marie rented their farm toWhat be wrong. seems ·to· be happening- instead is. dependency, we h.ave to take a good look at and · ~ove d t o Norwood,, . N.C. George th~t heroin is going out. of fashion and young ourselves-at our behavior and our values. supervised and helped bwld a structure people are turning to other drugs like black If we want to begin to solve the drug prob.:. to house the ~own's first laundry and dry- , market methadone, cocaine and . a variety of lem in America, that's probably what it's go­ cleaners. Smglehandedly, the Littles pills-especially barbiturates and a sedative ing to take. built a successful business. "Sack" called methaqualone. At parties and at so- learned to repair his machines and did called "juice bars," young and not-so-young his share of the other labor. After 6 years, people are mixing these pills, sometimes with ILLUSION AND REALITY he sold his business to one of his own alcohol, and the combination can be lethal. salesmen naming his own price What this means is that some people sre ' . · becoming addicted to more than one drug. George and Marie mov~d back. to Oak- And this mixed addiction presents new prob­ HON. JOE L. EVINS boro and began remodehng their home. lems for drug experts. For withdrawal par­ OF TENNESSEE Upon completion of this project, their ticularly barbiturate withdrawal, is 'more IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES neighbors contracted with them to re- dangerous than heroin withdrawal and can Tuesday, July 17, 1973 model their homes. "Sack" hired a cou- lead to convulsions, psychosis and even death. pie of carpenters, and before he knew it Although government officials and drug ex­ Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, he was in the construction business. perts r~cognize the growing problem of these many of those who have had some reser­ Today "Sack" is owner' of George A pllls, llttle government effort is directed at vations about revenue sharing have had ' c· t - t' d It helping thousands of plll-using addicts. Most Littl. e, InC., on~ rue Ion an Rea: Y Co. government addiction programs are con- their s_kepticisni reinforced by the actuai ~e IS the first ~hnd person to be hcensed cerned with heroin, and while we don't ques­ implementation of this program. ln North Carohna as a general contrac- tion that these programs must also be con­ In this connection, the Nashville Ten­ tor. "Sack" and Marie are both licensed tinued, they should also be changed and nessean, in a recent editorial entitled real estate brokers in North Carolina. expanded to include those addicted to barbi- !'Illusion and Reality" provides an in-' During th.e last 12 years, "Sack" has turates and other pills. teresting insight on the use of revenue constructed hundreds of homes commer- Right now in New York City there are not sharing funds and points out further­ cial complexes, churches, and the Dis- enough facilities to handle the increasing more that it was the understanding· of abled Veterans Service Center home of number of cases requiring barbiturate de- . • toxiflcation-a process much more dlfficult many municipal leaders that revenue Chapter No. 12, DAV, of Which he is a life medically than heroin detoxlflcation. Exist- sharing was to be a supplement to member. ing treatment programs lack the psychiatric grants-in-aid. "Sack" and Marie are the parents of services to deal with the problems of multiple As we all know, subsequent develop­ a son and daughter, both of whom have drug users-problems thought to be more ments have proven that revenue sharing completed their college education. The acute than those of heroin addicts. embraces the concept of a phasing out daughter is married, and she and her THE DRuG PRoBLEM-10 and terminating of many vital and im­ husband have one child, a daughter, Broadcast: June 20, 1973 portant programs, the net effect of which whom "Sack" promptly spoiled. Heroin, cocaine, LSD, even marijuana- results in lesser funds for our cities and Atter these accomplishments were tend to horrify most Americans. These drugs counties because of the termination of 24438 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE July 18, 1973 grants-in-aid programs provided by Con­ siders revenue sharing a replacement for .. During the· first 20 weeks of 1973 re­ gress and of proven value. and not a supplement to such programs. fineries operated at less than 90 percent Thus complaints of cuts in funds to Because of the interest of my col­ libraries, health, housing and other social of capacity. Once gasoline prices in­ leagues and the American people in this services dra:w a stock answer that any losses creased by 33 percent, production sky­ most important subject, I place the edi­ can be made up through revenue sharing. rocketed and U.S. refineries operated at torial in the REcoRD herewith. A good many who had doubts about such more than 93 percent of. capacity. Oil The editorial follows: a program from the first are finding those companies are juggling their own figures !LLUSJON AND REALITY doubts justified, but that will be of cold in an attempt to hide future production When revenue sharing was launched as comfort unless Congress can somehow keep holdbacks while they wait for p-rices to a new method of solving America's problems, vital grants-in-aid programs alive. increase. i t was frequently alluded to as a means of Mr. Speaker, this change in statistical returning power t o the people and giving methods is another conscious attempt them a choice in setting priorities. Revenue sharing is not the Aladdin's Lamp OIL COMPANY MANIPULATIONS by the oil industry to deceive the Amer­ its proponents indicated it would be and ran­ ican people. The only group in the coun­ dom surveys across the country have made try with a wider credibility gap than big it plain that social services generally do not oil today is the former officials involved have a very high priodty in spending. HON. LES ASPIN in the Watergate scandal. In New Jersey, for instance, only 1% of 01' WISCONSXN Mr. Speaker. it is also disturbing to revenue sharing funds in counties and cities IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE S note that it was a self-sen1ng industry have been earmarked for social services. In other counties and municipalities across the Tuesday, July 17, 1973 group that announced this change in country, the spending is largely aimed at statistical methods. The U.S. Bureau of Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, last week the Mines, despite its statutory responsibil­ capital improvements or equipment--from American Petroleum Institute announced fire trucks to elec"konic equipment. ity to collect data on the petroleum in­ In St. Louis, controversy erupted recently that it was changing the method by dustry is going along as a patsy with over a plan to spend some revenue sharing which refining capacity utilization is cal­ the oil companies and their statistical funds for a golf course. culated. Apparently, the API and big oil scheme. The Bureau of Mines theoreti­ One might assume from the various ways have been stung by criticism from many the county and city governments are ear­ Members of Congress concerning the in­ cally compiles statistics on the oil in­ marking spending is that priorities of the dustries obvious under-production of dustry for the Government, but, in real­ people at local levels tend to be for new gasoline early this year and underpro­ ity, they depend almost entirely on self­ public safety buildings, shiny cars and new duction of fuel oil early last fall. It was serving industry data. It is the Govern­ tennis courts. ment that should be compiling these sta­ That is not to say these are irrelevant. not until prices had dramatically risen The needs of local governments tend to be that the major oil companies really uti­ tistics and reporting them regulal'ly-not many. But on the question of priorities. it lized their refining capacities. a self -serving industry group. isn't clear that the citizenry has more voice Mr. Speaker, the major oil companies This API statistical change, while than before. are manipulating their own statistics in technical in nature. will give the ap­ It sounds nice for somebody in Washing­ o1·der to cover up any future attempt to pearance of higher U.S. refinery utiliza­ ton to say that local people know more about theil: problems than some bureaucrat in underproduce gasoline during a shortage tion than is actually oocurring. Ob­ Washington. They certainly ought to. but and then dramatically increase produc­ viously, the oil industrY is embarrassed that doesn't mean the citizens are given tion once prices go up. The change pro­ by its own statistics which indicate that m.uch choice. much voice, or even adequate posed by the American Petroleum Insti­ it caused the shortage and held back information about revenue sharing funds. tute increases by 5 percent the rate at production until prices had risen dra­ At the beginning. many people were led to believe-and the administration helped which U.S. refineries are operating dur­ matically. This is just the latest in a t-hat belief-that revenue sharing was a ing the week of July 6. API is proving series of cheap tricks and deceptioll8 supplement to gra.n.ts in aid. The admin­ once again the old adage that figures do used by the oil industry to cover up the istration now makes it crystal clear it con- not lie, but liars can figure. gouging of the consumers.

SE,NATE-Wednesday, July 18, 1973 The Senate met at 10 a.m. and was defeat and sustaining our steps with an The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ called to order by the President pro tern- immortal hope. Praised be Thou, 0 God, out objection. it is so ordered. pore (Mr. EASTLAND). whom alone we serve in reverence. Amen. LOAN GUARANTY PROGRAM FOR PRAYER THE JOURNAL VETERANS Rabbi Kenneth I. Segel. Rode! Shalom Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President. I ask The Senate proceeded to consider the Temple, Pittsburgh, Pa., offered the unanimous consent that the reading of bill (S. 2087) to amend title 38 of the following prayer: the Journal of the proceedings of Tues­ United States Code relating to basic pro­ God of all generations-These, Thy day, July 17, 1973, be dispensed with. visions of the loan guaranty program foF children, seek Thy help. In loving kind­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ veterans. which had been reported from ness guide and protect them. Through out objection, it is so ordered. the Committee on Veterans• Affairs with their efforts may hope be sustained, faith an amendment on page 1, line 5, after strengthened and human dignity and the word uthereof", strike out "a period." decency upheld. May the blight of war be COMMITTEE MEETINGS DURING and insert nthe following: •except that forever banished so peace in freedom SENATE SESSION in establishing the rate of interest that may prevail. Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President. I ask shall be applicable to such loans. the Ad­ Attune our hearts for communion with unanimous consent that all committees ministrator shall consult with the Secre­ Thee. Aid us to be uncomplaining and may be authorized to meet during the tary of Housing and Urban Development unafraid. Teach us to face life with the session of the Senate today. regarding the rate of interest the Secre­ confidence and courage that we may see The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ tary considers necessary to meet the the blessings hidden away even in its dis­ out objection, it is so ordered. mortgage market for home loans insured cords and struggles. May we realize that under section 203 (b) of the National life calls us not merely to enjoy the fat­ Housing Act, and, to the maximum ex­ ness of the Earth but to exult in heights THE CALENDAR tent practicable, carry out a coordinated attained after the toil of climbing. Thus Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask policy on interest rates on loans insured will our darkness be illumined by Thy unanimous consent that the Senate pro­ under such section 203Cb) and on loans light and our weakness made strong by ceed to the consideration of Calendar guaranteed or insured under this chap­ Thy strength, lifting us above fear and Nos. 299 and 300. ter.' "; so as to make the bill read: