Semi-annual Social Monitoring Report- Indigenous People
Project No. 39432-013 June 2019
Participatory Small-Scale Water Resources Sector Project
Prepared by Bangladesh Water Development Board for the People’s Republic of Bangladesh and the Asian Development Bank. This Semi-annual Social Monitoring Report- Indigenous People is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Indigenous Peoples Plan Monitoring Report
Project No. 39432-013 Semiannual Report June 2019
Participatory Small-Scale Water Resources Sector Project
Prepared by Local Government Engineering Department for the People’s Republic of Bangladesh and the Asian Development Bank.
This social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Semiannual IP safeguards Monitoring Report
Loan No. 2542- BAN (SF)
June 2019
2542-BAN (SF): BAN: Participatory Small-Scale Water Resources Sector Project (PSSWRSP) CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS
(as of 31 December 2017)
Currency unit – taka (Tk)
Tk1.00 = $0.01209
$1.00 = Tk82.650
NOTES (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of Bangladesh ends on 30 June. FY before a calendar year denotes the year in which the fiscal year ends, e.g., FY2017 ends on June 2017.
(ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.
This Semiannual IP Safeguards Monitoring Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH PARTICIPATORY SMALL SCALE WATER RESOURCES SECTOR PROJECT (PSSWRSP) ADB Loan No. 2542-BAN (SF)
Semiannual IP safeguards Monitoring Report (January-June, 2019)
Local Government Engineering Department Local Government Division Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives
Project Management Office Project Director, PSSWRSP RDEC Bhaban (5th Floor), LGED HQ, Agargaon, Dhaka 1207
August-2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sl.No. Chapter Title Page Abbreviations I 1. Introduction 1 2. Background 1 3. ADB’s policy for Safeguards Indigenous People 2 4. Indigenous Peoples in Bangladesh 2 5. Indigenous Peoples in Project area 3 6. Recommendations 4 7. Conclusion 5
Annexure: Annexure 1: Indigenous Peoples Impact Categorization (Dhaka Division) Annexure 2: Indigenous Peoples Impact categorization (Chittagong Division) Annexure 3: Indigenous Peoples Impact Categorization (Rajshahi Division) Annexure 4: Indigenous Peoples Impact Categorization (Khulna Division) Annexure 5: Indigenous Peoples Impact Categorization (Barisal Division) Annexure 6: Indigenous Peoples Impact Categorization (Rangpur Division) Attachments: Attachment-1: Subprojects of Dhaka Division Attachment-2: Subprojects of Chittagong Division Attachment-3: Subprojects of Rajshahi Division Attachment-4: Subprojects of Khulna Division Attachment-5: Subprojects of Barisal Division Attachment-6: Subprojects of Rangpur Division
Semiannual IP safeguards monitoring report II PSSWRSP July-August 2019
ABBREVIATIONS
ADB = Asian Development Bank AP = Affected Person CBE = Commercial and Business Enterprise DC = Deputy Commissioner DD = Detailed Design DMS = Detailed Measurement Survey E = East
EA = Executing Agency FGD = Focus Group Discussion Ha = Hectare ICT = Information and Communication Technology IP = Indigenous Peoples IWRMU = Integrated Water Resources Management Unit Km = Kilometer LGED = Local Government Engineering Department N = North
NPRR = National Policy on Resettlement and Rehabilitation O&M = Operation and Maintenance PIC = Project Implementation Consultant PMO = Project Management Office PSSWRSP = Participatory Small Scale Water Resources Sector Project RF = Resettlement Framework RP = Resettlement Plan SES = Socio Economic Survey SSWR = Small Scale Water Resources TK = Taka (Bangladesh Currency) WMCA = Water Management Cooperative Association
Semiannual IP safeguards monitoring report II PSSWRSP July-August 2019 Semiannual IP safeguards monitoring report under Participatory Small Scale Water Resources Sector Project (PSSWRSP), LGED.
1. Introduction
United Nations 61 st General Assembly in September 2007 adopted the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) which refers to “ Obtaining Indigenous communities, free, prior, and informed consent prior to the approval of any project affecting them”. This non-binding declaration was supported by many countries in Asia and Pacific.
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) recognizes the rights of Indigenous Peoples to direct the course of their own development. Indigenous Peoples communities are increasingly threatened as development program infringe into areas that they traditionally own, occupy, use or view as ancestral domain. Special efforts are needed to ascertain the consent of affected Indigenous Peoples communities in the planning of development programs that affect them, in, particular, development programs that are supposedly designed to meet their specific needs and aspiration. For the purpose of policy application, it is proposed that the consent of affected Indigenous people’s communities refers to a collective expression by the affected Indigenous people’s communities through individuals and /or their recognized representatives, of broad community support for the project activities. Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) is implementing 265 new subprojects being aware of safeguard issues of Indigenous Peoples in Bangladesh.
2. Background
The Participatory Small-scale Water Resources Sector Project (PSSWRP) is the outcome of lessons learned from previous ADB, Dutch and IFAD investments in First & Second Small Scale Water Resources Development Projects from 1996 to 2010 which has developed 580 subprojects in 61 districts of Bangladesh. The Project aims to develop sustainable, stakeholder-driven small-scale water resources management systems. It has three outputs: (i) institutional strengthening of government agencies at all levels to support small scale water resources (SSWR) development, (ii) participatory subproject development, which will include poor and vulnerable groups and will enable WMCA to plan, implement, operate and maintain subprojects; and (iii) construction and maintenance of 265 new subprojects and performance enhancement of 147 subprojects (out of 580 completed from SSW-1 & SSW-2 subprojects).
During identification, preparation of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), Feasibility Study (FS) and Detail Design (DD), the subproject beneficiaries were consulted about the presence of Indigenous Peoples within the command area. Moreover, while preparing Socio economic survey report and Environmental Mitigation Plan the aspect of Indigenous Peoples were investigated to find out their existence in subproject areas. Though there are habitations of Indigenous People in the many districts of Bangladesh but in the subprojects under study within PSSWRSP the existence of Indigenous Peoples which are directly affected is not found. There are subprojects where the benefits of infrastructure development and institutional activities are influenced to the area where there are habitations of Indigenous Peoples. Semiannual IP safeguards monitoring report 1 PSSWRSP Ju ly – August 2019
The Project is jointly funded by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). The total project cost is USD119.797 million: The loan (L2542-BAN) was approved by ADB on 4 September 2009 for USD55.0 million. IFAD provides two loans amounting to USD32.0 million, and domestic contributions amount to USD 32.8 million. The first IFAD loan (loan no.786) was approved by IFAD’s Executive Board on 15 September 2009 and became effective on 6 November 2009. The second loan (loan no.808) was approved on 22 April 2010 and became effective on 18 October 2010. Project completion and closing dates are 30 June 2018 and 31 December 2018 respectively.
3. ADB’s Policy for Safeguards on Indigenous Peoples
An agreement with the ADB on Principle of action adopted about Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) in 2009 for the subprojects during implementation/operation. if it has been transpired that the affected Indigenous People’s have been identified within the Subproject catchment areas, the project should prepare an indigenous peoples development framework (IPDF)in accordance with a manner corresponding to ADB,s Policy on Indigenous Peoples (April 1998) and will be presented as supplementary Appendix.
The Indigenous peoples development framework (IPDF) will guide selection, screening, categorization, assessment and preparation by IWRMP of additional subprojects under the Project where impacts on IPs are identified to ensure better distribution of the Project benefits and to promote development of any IPs found within the Project area and to facilitate compliance with the requirements as specified in ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) and Safeguard Requirements on Indigenous People.
4. Indigenous Peoples of Bangladesh:
In a free and modern state, discrimination against the IP’s is never acceptable, so concern authority must try to remove any kind of discrimination for an inclusive society. Indigenous Peoples in independent countries whose social/cultural and economic conditions distinguish them from other sections of the national community by their own customs or traditions or by specific laws or regulations.
The Indigenous Peoples of Bangladesh refer to native ethnic minorities in southeastern, northwestern, north-central and north-eastern regions of the country were more than 2, 42,000 ethnic households in 2004 and spread all over the country at about 11,000 villages/places and constituted total population to be over 12,05,978 in 2010 about 1.03% percent of total population of the country. However, ethnic group has been identified as IP group by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) and also identified 35 IP groups in 1991 census (latest available relevant data).They are belonging from different ethnic communities and commonly identified as representatives of different tribes and the Bangladesh Population Census identified them as Tribal people. Distribution of different ethnic (IP) population within the Division is shown in Table 1
Semiannual IP safeguards monitoring report 2 PSSWRSP July - August 2019
Table 1: Distribution of Indigenous People (IP) Assemble/consented in Bangladesh
% % District Areas of IP Predominant IPs National Population IPs Plains Rajshahi&Rangpur division: Noagoan, Santal, Munda and Oraon 36 4.0 Dinajpur,Rangpur, and Joypur Hat district Sylhet Division: Moulavi bazar and Khasia, Manipuri, Patro, Garo 08 1.3 Hobigong district and Tripura Madhupur area of Dhaka Division Garo/Mandi 07 0.2
Patuakhali district (Barisal Division) and Rakahain 06 1.1 Cox’s Bazar (Chittagong Division) Khulna Division, in Sunder bans Munda 02 0.3 ChittagongDivision, Hill Tracts districts Chakma, Marma& Tripura 41 44.0 1.03% of Total 100 National Population
The main Ethnic/ Indigenous Peoples communities in Bangladesh are as follows:
The Chakmas: The Chakmas are the largest community in Bangladesh; The Marmas: The Marmas are the second largest ethnic group in Bangladesh and they are of Burmese (Myanmar) ancestry, The Tripuri, The Tanchangya, The Mros (Marus or Moorangs), the Santals, Khasi people, the Jaintia, the Garos, the Manipuri and other tribes.
5. Indigenous Peoples in Project area:
During Feasibility and Socioeconomic study ascertained that the interventions in the subproject will not directly cause any adverse impact on the IPs. Most of the SPs catchment area is isolated and maroon type of landscape like water bodies, Khal, Beel and cultivable lands with object to conservation of irrigation water and improvement of drainage systems to grow more production of crops. Some affect found in the catchment area inhabitants/squatters within the SPs which are relevant to LA, RP and Involuntary RP therefore, some people loss their cultivated land only in Nakai beel subproject and no indigenous people economical and physical displacement would occur due to implementation of the SP.
However, there is no adjacent affected IP’s in the SPs so far is being identified, who has lost their homestead, crops, trees in the titled or non-titled area as a result of SP construction activities. There are no Indigenous peoples resident or employed in the locality and there is no negative social impact and adverse effect due to implementation of subproject works.
Project implemented within the six Divisions (Dhaka, Chittagong, Rajshahi, Khulna, Barisal, Rangpur) under two hundred sixty-five (265) subprojects at forty three (43) districts. There is no Indigenous People have been identified and live at the project sites, however, on account of record, an IP’s Frame Work (IPF) has been prepared and presented as supplementary Appendix. The IPF presents guidelines for addressing issues relating to IP whenever they are found to be taken into consideration in near future as candidate of the subprojects. Semiannual IP safeguards monitoring report 3 PSSWRSP July - August 2019 These narrated story/briefs may be treated as justification “No Indigenous People/Small Ethnic Communities lives in the Subprojects areas.”
Table 2: Indicates identification of Indigenous Peoples affected living in the subproject area.
Identification of IPs Sl. living within/ Number of IP No Division No. of District surrounding SPs family Number of IP area 01 Dhaka 5 Nil Nil Nil 02 Chittagong 8 Nil Nil Nil 03 Rajshahi 8 Nil Nil Nil 04 Khulna 10 Nil Nil Nil 05 Barisal 6 Nil Nil Nil 06 Rangpur 6 Nil Nil Nil
To describe about the current status of IPs in the Project location categorization forms of forty three (43) project districts have been filled in and attached in Annexure. Based on the assessment of Design, Location, feasibility and socioeconomic study reports on safeguards requirements of Indigenous Peoples, the Project may be treated as ‘B’ category.
6. Observation:
Nevertheless due to Subproject interventions, if any negative impact identified on IP family to the accumulated impacts would be effectively dealt with object to remove the hindrance in accordance with the ADB’s Safeguard Policy on Indigenous people’s guideline. However, during Project implementation period the PMO/PIC adopted close monitoring on IPs to find out any impacts; that would have been solved through Resettlement Plan implementation. In addition, the Grievances Redress Committee (GRC) has been formed for resolving any grievances involving about IPs. GRC have the power to resolve and settle the issues preemptive to their being addressed through the legal system and as per charter of duties and responsibilities of the GRC. The GRC has accepted two such cases in two subprojects and paid compensation benefit to all PAPs.
During field visit by the Loan Review Mission members, PMO/PIC officials and implementing authority able to find out ten districts in different categories. Indigenous Peoples beneficiaries have been identified in the districts of Gaibanda, Dinajpur, Siraganj, Joypurhat, Thakurganj, Chittagang, Cox’s Bazar, Netrokona, Mymenshing and Barguna where opportunities exist for larger and more strategic interventions. Scaling up interventions demonstrable results include effective participation in financial and other information about beneficiaries statistics indicates in the table: 3
Semiannual IP safeguards monitoring report 4 PSSWRSP July - August 2019 Table 3: Indicates different categories beneficiaries of Indigenous Peoples in the subproject area.
Member Training Loan LCS Construction
SL.
No District Upazila Name of SP
Female Female Female Female Female Female Female e Mal Mal Mal Mal e Mal Mal e Tota l Mal e Male Male Female
1 Gaibandha Gobingaganj Jhiraibridge 31 20 11 05 11 00 01 05 10 00 00 Jangalpara 2 Dinajpur Fulbari Tilaikhal 81 42 39 36 32 00 00 31 34 09 06 3 Dinajpur Nawabgang Nalshisa 15 10 05 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 4 Sirajganj Tarash HarisonaKundail 250 139 111 51 100 51 64 50 100 00 00 5 Joypurhat Panchbibi Jhinaigari 174 91 83 26 39 04 27 26 39 00 00 6 Thakurgang Pirganj Bokhradhara 04 02 02 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 7 Chittagong Fatikchari Harualchari 12 07 05 00 00 01 03 00 00 00 00 8 Cox’s Bazar Ramu Panerchara 05 03 02 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 9 Cox’s Bazar Teknaf Raikhankhal 20 13 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 Netrokana Durgapur Bipinganj 228 78 150 37 43 65 15 35 40 00 00 11 Mymenshing Haluaghat Boraghat 100 36 64 14 09 00 00 04 04 00 00 12 Mymenshing Sadar Dumuria 35 20 15 05 12 00 00 02 03 00 00 13 Barguna Baiatali 17 11 06 11 06 00 00 04 03 00 00 14 Total 972 472 500 185 255 121 110 157 233 09 06
6. Conclusion:
This report reflects obtaining Indigenous communities, free, prior and informed consent to the approval of any affected IPs and scenario of the IPs inhabitations in the subproject catchment areas which have been identified all over the 265 SPs of 43 districts within the six (06) divisions. To find out the IPs in the SPs, different methods and process were applied through Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Socio-economic Survey (SES) and face to face interview etc. Primary data was collected by interviewing various stakeholders from the villages/communities inside the SP area; in process of performing feasibility study of the SP including hydrological, engineering, agricultural, fishery, and environmental, social analyses etc. There are few Indigenous People (i.e. Rakhain/ Santals) resident or employed in the adjacent locality of SPs are being identified as beneficiaries of social impacts on IPs such as members of the WMCA, received project oriented training, loan recipients, LCS members and construction labour as described in table: 3.
Semiannual IP safeguards monitoring report 5 PSSWRSP July - August 2019 ATTACHMENT-1
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IMPACT CATEGORIZATION: DIVISION: DHAKA (August 2019)
Short Description of SP District Upazila Union SP ID Subproject Name Activities
Completed & Handed Over Dhaka Dhamrai Kushura, Balia SP41010 Sawrnakhali Khal
Completed & Handed Over Dhaka Dhamrai Chowhatta SP45163 Chayani Khal
Completed & Handed Over Gazipur Sreepur Gosinga SP41008 Gosinga-Sitalakha
Manikgonj Harirampur Balla SP41003 Baika-Bara Hapania- Completed & Handed Over Jhikutia Completed & Handed Over Manikgonj Ghior Ghior SP41009 Kusta-Thakurkandi
Manikgonj Singair Jamsha SP43052 Golai Beel Social conflict. Dropped
Completed & Handed Over Manikgonj Singair Charigram, Jamsha SP44082 Volda Beel
Manikgonj Daulatpur Khalshi SP44088 Roha Kumargara Beel Completed & Handed Over
Completed Manikgonj Harirampur Gopinathpur SP45209 Gopinathpur Beel
Masumkhali-Nolghora- Social conflict. Dropped Munshigonj Sreenagar Sreenagar SP44091 Noria Golakata Khal
Completed and Handed Over Munshigonj Tangibari Autshahi SP45186 Chasri Beel
Kumira Beel (Uttar Narsingdi Raipura Amirganj SP44105 Completed and Handed Over Duba Khal) 2 SP dropped due to social 5 district 12 SP conflict
Page # 1of 1
ANNEXURE 1: SEMI-ANNUAL IP SAFEGUARD MONITORING REPORT FOR JANUARY-JUNE 2018 (DHAKA DIVISION)
Date: 23 July, 2018
A. Project Data
Country/Project No./Project Title : Bangladesh / Loan No. ADB Loan No. 2542 BAN (SF) / Participatory Small Scale Water Resources Sector Project (PSSWRSP):
Department/Division : Local Government Engineering Department (LGED)
Processing Stage : Implementation Stage: Ongoing
Project Loan
Project Loan [ ] Program Loan [ ] Financial Intermediary [ ] General Corporate Finance
[ ] Sector Loan [ ] MFF [ ] Emergency Assistance [ ] Grant
[ ] Other Financing Modalities:
B. Indigenous Peoples Category
New [ ] Re-categorization-Previous [ C ] Category
[ ] Category A [ ] Category B [ ] Category C [ ] Category FI
[ ] Other Financing Modalities:
C. Project requires the broad community support of affected Indigenous Peoples communities. No
D. Comments:
Project Team Comments: BRM Comments: