The Idea of Discourse in Poststructuralism: Derrida, Lacan and Foucault
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Common Ground for Positioning: a Discourse Analysis on Second Language Socialization
Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (H. U. Journal of Education) 29(2), 160-174 [Nisan 2014] Common Ground for Positioning: A discourse Analysis on Second Language Socialization Konumlandırma Amaçlı Ortak Zemin Oluşturulması: Amerika’da Yaşayan Türk Öğrencilerin Dil Sosyalleşmesi Deniz ORTAÇTEPE1 ABSTRACT: Applying Kecskes and Zhang's (2009) dynamic model of common ground in positioning theory (Davies & Harre, 1990), the present study aims to explore the second language (L2) socialization of Turkish students through the discursive processes as well as the skills they adopted in social interactions with the American speakers during a formal reception at an American university. The findings indicated that the Turkish students endorsed similar discursive processes not only to establish common ground as the American speakers', but also to position themselves in the speech context. This study highlights that engaging in real-life conversations with the target language speakers (Gumperz, 1996) encourages L2 learners/users (Cook, 1999) to embrace the discursive practices that are shared within a particular speech community. It also provides suggestions for future research embracing more longitudinal/ethnographic approahes to examine L2 socialization as well as teaching implications for instructional materials and contexts that reflect authentic social encounters. Keywords: Second language socialization, common ground, positioning, discourse analysis ÖZ: Bu çalışma, Kecskes ve Zhang’in (2009) ortak zemin dinamik modelini, konumlandırma teorisiyle (Davies ve Harre, 1990) bağdaştırarak, Amerika’da okuyan Türk öğrencilerin ikinci dil sosyalleşmeleri üzerine ışık tutmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu amaçtan yola çıkarak, çalışma Amerika’da bir üniversitede düzenlenen 23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramı resepsiyona katılan Türk öğrencilerin diğer Amerikalı konuşmacılarla aralarındaki söylemleri analiz etmektedir. -
The Application of Discourse Analysis to Instant Messaging Communication
Internet Discourse: The application of discourse analysis to instant messaging communication Honors Thesis Eric Ketcham, student Heather Littlefield, Ph.D., advisor Linguistics Program Northeastern University Fall 2010 – Spring 2011 *We wish to thank the Honors Office for the opportunity to conduct this research, as well as for an Early Research Grant. We also wish to thank the Provost Office for a Spring 2011 Undergraduate Research Grant. In addition, we wish to thank Jaclyn Karvelas for her work formatting and coding data, as well as Allison Madden for her work coding the data. Eric Ketcham wishes to especially thank Heather Littlefield for her help, guidance, and work all year long. I would not have been able to complete this project without her support and patience. **This research was approved by the Northeastern University Institutional Review Board under IRB# 10-10-03. 1 1. ABSTRACT Internet Discourse (ID) is commonly regarded as a hybrid between Spoken and Written Discourse (SD and WD). This model fails to take into account unique features of ID that cannot be explained by influence from either SD or WD. The present study paired participants to have online conversations on an instant messaging program. The conversations were coded for several features. The expression of emotion, the representation of the physical environment, abbreviations, punctuation and synchronicity were examined among other features. Internet Discourse was found to have many features in common with both Spoken and Written Discourse, but was also found to have enough unique features to be considered its own independent form of discourse. As a result, this paper proposes a triangular continuum model of influence between Internet, Spoken, and Written Discourses as the best conception of the three forms of discourse. -
Gee's Theory of D/Discourse and Research in Teaching English As A
Gee’s Theory of D/discourse and Research in Teaching English as a Second Language: Implications for the Mainstream Tim MacKay University of Manitoba MacKay, T. Gee’s Theory of D/discourse and ESL 1 In this paper I will undertake an exploration of James Paul Gee’s theory of D/discourses and discuss the relevance of this theory to current research in the fields of second language acquisition (SLA) and teaching English as a second language (TESL/ESL). In doing so, I will elaborate on Gee’s theory of D/discourse and will focus on Gee’s discussion of how D/discourses may be acquired. Following this, I will explore some of the parallels that exist between Gee’s theory and current research in SLA and TESL, and by doing so, will demonstrate how certain conditions are required for D/discourse acquisition to occur in the manner theorized by Gee. My intention is to use Gee’s theory and TESL research to suggest that schools and classrooms with students from minority language backgrounds need to carefully consider the social contexts in which these students are integrated. I also intend to show how Gee’s theory and TESL research provide support for the notion that, for effective language learning and academic achievement to occur for ESL learners, pedagogical interventions need to target students who are first language speaker of English in order to enhance ESL students’ opportunities to learn and integrate into the classroom. Gee’s Theory of D/discourses Linguistic theory has always played a significant role in the formulation of theories for second language acquisition (for summaries see, Beebe, 1988; Ellis, 1985; Fitzgerald Gersten & Hudelson, 2000; Spolsky, 1989). -
Critical Models Interventions and Catchwords Theodor W. Adorno
EuRoPEAN PERSPECTIVES A Series in Social Thought and Cultural Criticism Lawrence D. Kritzman, Editor Critical Models Interventions and Catchwords European Perspectives presents English translations of books by leading European thinkers. With both classic and outstanding contemporary works, the series aims to shape the major intellectual controversies of our day and to facilitate the tasks of his torical understanding. Julia Kristeva Strangers to Ourselves Theodor W. Adorno Notes to Literature, vols.1 and 2 Richard Wolin, editor The Heidegger Controversy Antonio Gramsci Prison Notebooks, vols. 1 and 2 Jacques LeGoff History and Memory Alain Finkielkraut Remembering in Vain: The Klaus Barbie Trial and Crimes Against Humanity Julia Krist eva Nations Without Nationalism Pierre Bourdieu The Field of Cultural Production Theodor W. Adorno Pierre Vidal-Naquet Assassins of Memory: Essays on the Denial of the Holocaust Translated and with a Preface Hugo Ball Critique of the German Intelligentsia by Henry W Pickford Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari What Is Philosophy? Karl Heinz Bohrer Suddenness: On the Moment of Aesthetic Appearance Alain Finkielkraut The Defeat of the Mind Julia Krist eva New Maladies of the Soul Elisabeth Badinter XY: On Masculine Identity Karl Lowith Martin Heidegger and European Nihilism Gilles Deleuze Negotiations, 1972-1990 Pierre Vidal-Naquet The jews: History, Memory, and the Present Norbert Elias The Germans Louis Althusser Writings on Psychoanalysis: Freud and Lacan Elisabeth Roudinesco jacques Lacan: His Life and Work Ross Guberman julia Kristeva Interviews Kelly Oliver The Portable Kristeva Pierra Nora Realms of Memory: The Construction of the French Past, vol. 1: Conflicts and Divisions, vol. 2: Traditions, vol. -
Cultural Studies, Critical Theory and Critical Discourse Analysis: Histories, Remembering and Futures
Cultural Studies, Critical Theory and Critical Discourse Analysis: Histories, Remembering and Futures. Terry Threadgold (Cardiff) Abstract In this paper I have explored some of the histories which inevitably connect, but also differentiate, critical discourse analysis and cultural studies. I have argued that both are strongly influenced by the versions of critical theory which have been characterised as 'postmodernism' and 'poststructuralism' and that both could benefit not only from some serious engagement with the several disciplines from which their interdisciplinarity is derived but also from some further in depth exploration of the critical theory which informs them and which they have often 'translated' or 'co-opted' in reductionist ways. I have also argued that the claims sometimes made for critical discourse analysis are inflated and that without serious ethnographies and attention to the theorisation as well as research of contexts those claims cannot really be sustained. On the other hand 'resignification' or the cultural politics of CDA are important agendas and we need to do much more work on establishing exactly how social change can be effected through the kinds of work CDA could do. My conclusion is that we need to reframe and recontextualise the ways in which we define and perform CDA and that that will involve bringing cultural studies and critical discourse analysis together in productive new ways with other disciplinary and theoretical formations and with proper attention to the new and different global and local contexts in which we work. 1 Introduction Of the three key terms in the first half of my title, not one is ubiquitously well defined, or understood in the same ways, in the different national, global, disciplinary or interdisciplinary contexts in which each may actually be discursively or performatively produced and enacted. -
Psychoanalytic Literary Criticism”, Chapter 3 from the Book Creating Literary Analysis (Index.Html) (V
This is “Writing about Character and Motivation: Psychoanalytic Literary Criticism”, chapter 3 from the book Creating Literary Analysis (index.html) (v. 1.0). This book is licensed under a Creative Commons by-nc-sa 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/ 3.0/) license. See the license for more details, but that basically means you can share this book as long as you credit the author (but see below), don't make money from it, and do make it available to everyone else under the same terms. This content was accessible as of December 29, 2012, and it was downloaded then by Andy Schmitz (http://lardbucket.org) in an effort to preserve the availability of this book. Normally, the author and publisher would be credited here. However, the publisher has asked for the customary Creative Commons attribution to the original publisher, authors, title, and book URI to be removed. Additionally, per the publisher's request, their name has been removed in some passages. More information is available on this project's attribution page (http://2012books.lardbucket.org/attribution.html?utm_source=header). For more information on the source of this book, or why it is available for free, please see the project's home page (http://2012books.lardbucket.org/). You can browse or download additional books there. i Chapter 3 Writing about Character and Motivation: Psychoanalytic Literary Criticism LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Understand the varieties of psychoanalytic literary theories. 2. Apply a psychoanalytic theory to a literary work. 3. Engage in the writing process of a peer writer, including peer review. -
Prospects for Lacanian Psychoanalysis in Law Richard E
Washington and Lee Law Review Volume 54 | Issue 3 Article 9 Summer 6-1-1997 Does Law Need an Analyst? Prospects for Lacanian Psychoanalysis in Law Richard E. Redding Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.wlu.edu/wlulr Part of the Jurisprudence Commons, and the Law and Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Richard E. Redding, Does Law Need an Analyst? Prospects for Lacanian Psychoanalysis in Law, 54 Wash. & Lee L. Rev. 1119 (1997), https://scholarlycommons.law.wlu.edu/wlulr/vol54/iss3/9 This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Washington and Lee Law Review at Washington & Lee University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington and Lee Law Review by an authorized editor of Washington & Lee University School of Law Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Book Review Does Law Need an Analyst? Prospects for Lacanian Psychoanalysis in Law LACAN AND THE SUBJECT OF LAW: TOWARD A PSYCHOANALYTIC CRITI- CAL LEGAL THEORY. By David S. Caudill. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press, 1997. 206 pp. $15.95 paper, $49.95 cloth. Reviewed by Richard E. Redding The debate continues over the merits of French psychoanalytic theorist Jacques Lacan - was he a "charlatan"' or an "intellectual hero?"2 Enter David Caudill's book, Lacan and the Subject oftaw: Toward a Psychoana- lytic CriticalLegal Theory.3 In providing practical applications of Lacan to the law, the book will no doubt be seen as an important contribution in resolving the debate. Caudill, a law professor with a Ph.D. -
The Real and the Gaze of Jacques Lacan
Roger Williams University DOCS@RWU Architecture, Art, and Historic Preservation Faculty Publications Architecture, Art, and Historic Preservation 2019 The Real and the Gaze of Jacques Lacan John S. Hendrix Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.rwu.edu/saahp_fp Part of the Architectural History and Criticism Commons, and the Arts and Humanities Commons The Real and the Gaze of Jacques Lacan John Shannon Hendrix The third category of the psyche in Lacanian psychoanalysis is the real (réel), which is neither imaginary nor symbolic in conscious or unconscious thought, and which is inaccessible to psychoanalysis itself. The real is not reality in either a conceptual or phenomenological sense, which is the sym- bolic and the imaginary: it is only proposed as an algebraic concept, as it cannot be conceived. It exists as an absence in the symbolic order (lan- guage), as the unconscious exists as an absence in conscious thought. Non- presence can be seen in the real of Lacan, and the gaze, in the dialectic be- tween the imaginary and the symbolic, and in the Hegelian dialectic between subjective and objective spirit. The real of Lacan is exterior to the symbolic, and cannot be represented by the symbolic, and yet the real has an effect on the symbolic, as the unconscious has an effect on conscious thought. The real is the inability of the signifier in language to relate to the signified, the im- possibility of meaning in language, and the impossibility of the subject. In every attempt that the subject makes to represent itself in language or percep- tion, according to Lacan, something is missed, or left behind. -
Challenging the Principle of Compositionality in Interpreting Natural Language Texts Françoise Gayral, Daniel Kayser, François Lévy
Challenging the Principle of Compositionality in Interpreting Natural Language Texts Françoise Gayral, Daniel Kayser, François Lévy To cite this version: Françoise Gayral, Daniel Kayser, François Lévy. Challenging the Principle of Compositionality in Interpreting Natural Language Texts. E. Machery, M. Werning, G. Schurz, eds. the compositionality of meaning and content, vol II„ ontos verlag, pp.83–105, 2005, applications to Linguistics, Psychology and neuroscience. hal-00084948 HAL Id: hal-00084948 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00084948 Submitted on 11 Jul 2006 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Challenging the Principle of Compositionality in Interpreting Natural Language Texts Franc¸oise Gayral, Daniel Kayser and Franc¸ois Levy´ Franc¸ois Levy,´ University Paris Nord, Av. J. B. Clement,´ 93430 Villetaneuse, France fl@lipn.univ-paris13.fr 1 Introduction The main assumption of many contemporary semantic theories, from Montague grammars to the most recent papers in journals of linguistics semantics, is and remains the principle of compositionality. This principle is most commonly stated as: The meaning of a complex expression is determined by its structure and the meanings of its constituents. It is also adopted by more computation-oriented traditions (Artificial Intelli- gence or Natural Language Processing – henceforth, NLP). -
Analysis System of Speech Acts and Discourse Structures Using Maximum Entropy Model*
Analysis System of Speech Acts and Discourse Structures Using Maximum Entropy Model* Won Seug Choi, Jeong-Mi Cho and Jungyun Seo Dept. of Computer Science, Sogang University Sinsu-dong 1, Mapo-gu Seoul, Korea, 121-742 {dolhana, jmcho} @nlprep.sogang.ac.kr, [email protected] Recently, machine learning models using a Abstract discourse tagged corpus are utilized to analyze speech acts in order to overcome such problems We propose a statistical dialogue analysis (Nagata (1994a), Nagata (1994b), Reithinger model to determine discourse structures as (1997), Lee (1997), Samuel (1998)). Machine well as speech acts using maximum entropy learning offers promise as a means of model. The model can automatically acquire associating features of utterances with particular probabilistic discourse knowledge from a speech acts, since computers can automatically discourse tagged corpus to resolve analyze large quantities of data and consider ambiguities. We propose the idea of tagging many different feature interactions. These discourse segment boundaries to represent models are based on the features such as cue the structural information of discourse. phrases, change of speaker, short utterances, Using this representation we can effectively utterance length, speech acts tag n-grams, and combine speech act analysis and discourse word n-grams, etc. Especially, in many cases, structure analysis in one framework. the speech act of an utterance influenced by the context of the utterance, i.e., previous utterances. Introduction So it is very important to reflect the information To understand a natural language dialogue, a about the context to the model. computer system must be sensitive to the Discourse structures of dialogues are usually speaker's intentions indicated through utterances. -
Speech Acts in Written Advertisements: Identification, Classification and Analysis a a Simona Simon *, Daniel Dejica-Cartis
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 192 ( 2015 ) 234 – 239 2nd GLOBAL CONFERENCE on LINGUISTICS and FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING, LINELT-2014, Dubai – United Arab Emirates, December 11 – 13, 2014 Speech Acts in Written Advertisements: Identification, Classification and Analysis a a Simona Simon *, Daniel Dejica-Cartis aPolitehnica University Timisoara, Department of Communication and Foreign Languages, Petre Râmeanțu 2, 300 596, Timisoara, Romania Abstract The Speech Act Theory was first introduced by philosophers and then approached by pragmatists and discourse analysts. While philosophers and pragmatists deal with speech acts in fabricated texts, discourse analysts focus on their occurring in real discourses. Another important distinction between these two lines of research is that philosophy and pragmatics study speech acts in isolation, while discourse analysis points to their linear and hierarchical organisation, trying to identify recurring patterns in various genres. The present paper approaches speech acts from an interdisciplinary perspective. Using a series of illocutionary force indicating devices, the paper identifies, classifies and analyses the types of speech acts used in written advertisements. The findings point out the advertisers’ preference of using some speech acts over others with the aim of obtaining the intended effect on the target audience. This quantitative analysis is performed on a corpus of eighty-four written advertisements selected from various newspapers and magazines, and the results can be viewed as genre-defining. © 20152015 The The Authors. Authors. Published Published by by Elsevier Elsevier Ltd. Ltd This. is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (Peerhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/-review under responsibility of Academic World). -
Presupposition and Dissociation in Discourse: a Corpus Study
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by AIR Universita degli studi di Milano Argumentation (2007) 21:361–378 Ó Springer 2007 DOI 10.1007/s10503-007-9058-7 Presupposition and Dissociation in Discourse: A Corpus Study CHIARA DEGANO Department of Contemporary Languages and Cultures Universita` degli Studi di Milano p.zza Indro Montanelli 1, Sesto San Giovanni Milan 20099 Italy E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: This paper aims at combining different theoretical and methodological approaches for the analysis of discourse, focusing in particular on argumentative struc- tures. At a first level an attempt is made to include argumentation in critical discourse analysis in order to extend the analysis of interaction between ‘‘structures of discourse’’ and ‘‘structures of ideologies’’ to higher levels of language description. At a second level the study will integrate the qualitative approaches of critical discourse analysis and argumentation theory with the quantitative tools of corpus linguistics, so that the analysis can be carried out on a representative amount of texts and in a more systematic way. Even though corpus linguistics tends to be focused on meanings localized at the level of words, while argumentative structures stretch out through longer units of text, an integration can be attempted by circumscribing the enquiry to those aspects of argumentation which are signalled by indicators, and are therefore electronically retrievable. In particular, this paper investigates the use of dissociation and presupposition in a corpus of newspaper articles published in the run up to the war on Iraq. Both structures respond to retriev- ability criteria while being powerful instruments to convey ideologically oriented messages.