Critical Discourse Analysis: History, Agenda, Theory, and Methodology1
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Common Ground for Positioning: a Discourse Analysis on Second Language Socialization
Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (H. U. Journal of Education) 29(2), 160-174 [Nisan 2014] Common Ground for Positioning: A discourse Analysis on Second Language Socialization Konumlandırma Amaçlı Ortak Zemin Oluşturulması: Amerika’da Yaşayan Türk Öğrencilerin Dil Sosyalleşmesi Deniz ORTAÇTEPE1 ABSTRACT: Applying Kecskes and Zhang's (2009) dynamic model of common ground in positioning theory (Davies & Harre, 1990), the present study aims to explore the second language (L2) socialization of Turkish students through the discursive processes as well as the skills they adopted in social interactions with the American speakers during a formal reception at an American university. The findings indicated that the Turkish students endorsed similar discursive processes not only to establish common ground as the American speakers', but also to position themselves in the speech context. This study highlights that engaging in real-life conversations with the target language speakers (Gumperz, 1996) encourages L2 learners/users (Cook, 1999) to embrace the discursive practices that are shared within a particular speech community. It also provides suggestions for future research embracing more longitudinal/ethnographic approahes to examine L2 socialization as well as teaching implications for instructional materials and contexts that reflect authentic social encounters. Keywords: Second language socialization, common ground, positioning, discourse analysis ÖZ: Bu çalışma, Kecskes ve Zhang’in (2009) ortak zemin dinamik modelini, konumlandırma teorisiyle (Davies ve Harre, 1990) bağdaştırarak, Amerika’da okuyan Türk öğrencilerin ikinci dil sosyalleşmeleri üzerine ışık tutmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu amaçtan yola çıkarak, çalışma Amerika’da bir üniversitede düzenlenen 23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve Çocuk Bayramı resepsiyona katılan Türk öğrencilerin diğer Amerikalı konuşmacılarla aralarındaki söylemleri analiz etmektedir. -
'Pragmatics and Discourse Analysis' [Review]
©Pragmatics and discourse analysis© [Review] Article (Accepted Version) Taylor, Charlotte (2016) 'Pragmatics and discourse analysis' [Review]. Year's Work in English Studies, 95 (1). pp. 169-178. ISSN 1471-6801 This version is available from Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/59463/ This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies and may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher’s version. Please see the URL above for details on accessing the published version. Copyright and reuse: Sussex Research Online is a digital repository of the research output of the University. Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable, the material made available in SRO has been checked for eligibility before being made available. Copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk 13. Pragmatics and Discourse Analysis The year 2014 proved to be an exciting one for pragmatics and discourse analysis as it was characterized by a series of cross-over initiatives, reaching out beyond the boundaries of the single fields. -
Discourse Strategies of Fake News in the Anti
LCM LINGUE CULTURE MEDIAZIONI LANGUAGES CULTURES MEDIATION 6 (2019) 1 Discursive Representations of Controversial Issues in Medicine and Health La rappresentazione discorsiva di questioni controverse in ambito medico e sanitario Edited by / A cura di Giuliana Elena Garzone, Maria Cristina Paganoni, Martin Reisigl Editorial Discursive Representations of Controversial Issues in Medicine 5 and Health Giuliana Elena Garzone, Maria Cristina Paganoni, and Martin Reisigl Discourse Strategies of Fake News in the Anti-vax Campaign 15 Stefania Maria Maci “Facts” and “Feelings” in the Discursive Construction 45 of the “Best Interests of a Child”: The Charlie Gard Case Judith Turnbull “Designer Babies” and “Playing God”: Metaphor, Genome Editing, 65 and Bioethics in Popular Science Texts Elisa Mattiello Exploring Health Literacy: Web-based Genres in Disseminating 89 Specialized Knowledge to Caregivers. The Case of Paediatric Neurological Disorders Silvia Cavalieri and Giuliana Diani Governing (Their) Bodies: A Linguistic Perspective 107 on the Deterrence vs. Education Debate within the Anti-doping Community Dermot Brendan Heaney Lingue Culture Mediazioni / Languages Cultures Mediation – 6 (2019) 1 https://www.ledonline.it/LCM-Journal/ - Online issn 2421-0293 - Print issn 2284-1881 3 Contents / Sommario An Inquiry into Discursive News Coverage, Popularization 131 and Presuppositions Concerning Military PTSD Treatment Options Roxanne Barbara Doerr Authors / Autori 153 Lingue Culture Mediazioni / Languages Cultures Mediation – 6 (2019) 1 https://www.ledonline.it/LCM-Journal/ - Online issn 2421-0293 - Print issn 2284-1881 4 Discourse Strategies of Fake News in the Anti-vax Campaign * Stefania Maci doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.7358/lcm-2019-001-maci Abstract Anti-vaccine controversial debates have been occurring for more than a century. -
Table of Contents
Table of Contents The Opening Salvo 21 What Are Negotiations? 21 Why Are Negotiations Important? 25 When Do Negotiations Take Place? 26 Are Negotiations Limited to the Purview of Rocket Scientists? 30 Should Negotiators Always Seek to Vanquish Opponents? 31 Costs and Risks of Negotiations 36 Some Negotiators are Duplicitous 45 Risks of Borrowing Money from Partners and Customers 47 Avoiding Negotiations 63 You Are Always Negotiating 63 Fundamental Tensions in Negotiations 67 Negotiations Are Pervasive and Eternal 74 LEVERAGE IN NEGOTIATIONS 79 The Importance of Leverage in Negotiations 80 Creating Negotiating Leverage 85 Plan Your Exit at the Beginning 85 Importance of Choosing Partners Wisely 87 Gaining Leverage Through Third Parties 89 Business Models Are a Factor in Successful Negotiations 93 The Anatomy of Argumentation 97 Lincolnian Argumentation 98 The Power of Process 101 Harmonizing the Negotiating Process 103 Voting Architecture 105 Selected Negotiating Process Issues 107 Preemptively Setting the Framework for Resolving Disputes 108 Auctions Versus Direct Negotiations 113 Benefits of Auctions Over Direct Negotiations 113 Benefits of Direct Negotiations Over Auctions 115 The Strategic Negotiator I 1 Sequencing Negotiations 118 Sequencing Contentious Issues 118 Negotiating Downrange 129 Hold-Up Tactics 132 PREPARING FOR NEGOTIATIONS 143 Conducting Due Diligence on Individuals 148 Conducting Due Diligence on Institutions 152 Conducting Due Diligence on Individuals Within Institutions 154 Elicitation Strategies 157 Heimlich Maneuvers -
Professor Dr Dr H.C. Ruth Wodak, Acss Distinguished Professor of Discourse Studies
Professor Dr Dr h.c. Ruth Wodak, AcSS Distinguished Professor of Discourse Studies EXTENDED CURRICULUM VITAE BIO-DATA, CONTACT DETAILS, EDUCATION ............................................................................................ 2 CAREER .................................................................................................................................................... 3 VISITING PROFESSORSHIPS...................................................................................................................... 4 AWARDS .................................................................................................................................................. 5 MAJOR RESEARCH GRANTS ..................................................................................................................... 5 KEY RESEARCH INTERESTS ....................................................................................................................... 6 OTHER PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES .......................................................................................................... 7 JOURNAL EDITORSHIP ............................................................................................................................. 8 BOOK SERIES EDITORSHIP ....................................................................................................................... 9 MEMBERSHIP IN JOURNAL ADVISORY BOARDS ...................................................................................... 9 MEMBERSHIP IN BOOK -
The Application of Discourse Analysis to Instant Messaging Communication
Internet Discourse: The application of discourse analysis to instant messaging communication Honors Thesis Eric Ketcham, student Heather Littlefield, Ph.D., advisor Linguistics Program Northeastern University Fall 2010 – Spring 2011 *We wish to thank the Honors Office for the opportunity to conduct this research, as well as for an Early Research Grant. We also wish to thank the Provost Office for a Spring 2011 Undergraduate Research Grant. In addition, we wish to thank Jaclyn Karvelas for her work formatting and coding data, as well as Allison Madden for her work coding the data. Eric Ketcham wishes to especially thank Heather Littlefield for her help, guidance, and work all year long. I would not have been able to complete this project without her support and patience. **This research was approved by the Northeastern University Institutional Review Board under IRB# 10-10-03. 1 1. ABSTRACT Internet Discourse (ID) is commonly regarded as a hybrid between Spoken and Written Discourse (SD and WD). This model fails to take into account unique features of ID that cannot be explained by influence from either SD or WD. The present study paired participants to have online conversations on an instant messaging program. The conversations were coded for several features. The expression of emotion, the representation of the physical environment, abbreviations, punctuation and synchronicity were examined among other features. Internet Discourse was found to have many features in common with both Spoken and Written Discourse, but was also found to have enough unique features to be considered its own independent form of discourse. As a result, this paper proposes a triangular continuum model of influence between Internet, Spoken, and Written Discourses as the best conception of the three forms of discourse. -
Dissertation
Dissertation A Microethnographic Discourse Analysis of the Conditions of Alienation, Engagement, Pleasure, and Jouissance from a Three-year Ethnographic Study of Middle School Language Arts Classrooms Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Robert Craig Heggestad II, M.Ed., B.A. Graduate Program in Education: Teaching & Learning The Ohio State University 2018 Dissertation Committee: Dr. David Bloome, Advisor Dr. Caroline Clark Dr. George Newell Dr. Amy Shuman Abstract This theoretical dissertation explores the constructs of alienation, engagement, pleasure, and jouissance as they relate to research and theory on and in classroom education, in particular in middle school language arts classrooms. The research questions ask: First, how is the construct of alienation conceptualized and made manifest in the classroom and how do these empirical findings of the condition of alienation refine the theoretical construct of alienation? Second, how is the construct of engagement conceptualized and made manifest in the classroom and how do these empirical findings of the condition of engagement refine the theoretical construct of engagement? Third, how is the construct of pleasure conceptualized and made manifest in the classroom and how do these empirical findings of the condition of pleasure refine the theoretical construct of pleasure? And fourth, how is the construct of jouissance conceptualized and made manifest in the classroom and how do these empirical findings of the condition of jouissance refine the theoretical construct of jouissance? The research questions are answered through four case studies. The dissertation takes an ethnographic perspective towards research, utilizing qualitative and ethnographic methods of data collection and analysis. -
Critical Discourse Analysis of News Discourse
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Academy Publication Online ISSN 1799-2591 Theory and Practice in Language Studies, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 399-403, April 2018 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0804.06 Critical Discourse Analysis of News Discourse Qin Xie Shanxi Normal University, China Abstract—News discourse is one of main analysis subjects of critical discourse analysis. People can know the opinions implied by the author and grasp the real situation of the events described in the discourse by critical discourse analysis. Furthermore, it is beneficial for the audience to establish the critical awareness of News discourse and enhance the ability to critically analyze news discourse. Based on the discussion of the concept of news discourse and critical discourse analysis, the theoretical foundations and steps of critical discourse analysis, the paper illustrates the method of the critical analysis of news discourse. The author also puts forward issues that needed to pay attention to in order to improve the ability of news discourse analysis. Index Terms—news discourse, critical discourse analysis, method, emphases Critical discourse analysis can provide some guidance for the analysis of news discourse. Knowing the theoretical basis and analytical method of critical discourse analysis is beneficial to understand the actual situation of the events described in the news discourse and the implicit ideological content in news discourse. The paper explores the elements and the steps of the critical discourse analysis of news discourse. I. THE CONCEPT OF NEWS DISCOURSE AND CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS A. The Concept of News Discourse News discourse, a vital field of linguistic research, is always seen as an objective and formal linguistic form of discourse. -
Critical Discourse Studies: History, Agenda, Theory and Methodology
EDITED BY 00_Wodak_Meyer_3E_Prelims.indd 3 9/24/2015 11:56:08 AM 1 CRITICAL DISCOURSE STUDIES: HISTORY, AGENDA, THEORY AND METHODOLOGY RUTH WODAK AND MICHAEL MEYER CONTENTS CDS – What is it all about? 2 A brief history of ‘the Group’ 4 The common ground: discourse, critique, power and ideology 5 The notion of discourse 5 The critical impetus 6 Ideology and power – a kaleidoscopic view 8 Research agenda and challenges 12 Methodological issues: theory, methods, analysis, interpretation 13 Theoretical grounding and objectives 16 Major approaches to CDS 17 Data collection 21 Summary 21 01_Wodak_Meyer_3E_Ch_01.indd 1 9/24/2015 11:56:11 AM METHODS OF CRITICAL DISCOURSE STUDIES Keywords ideology, power, discourse, critique, methodology, levels of theory, approaches to critical discourse studies CDS – What is it all about? The manifold roots of critical discourse studies lie in rhetoric, text linguistics, anthropology, philosophy, social psychology, cognitive science, literary studies and sociolinguistics, as well as in applied linguistics and pragmatics. Teun van Dijk (2008) provides a broad overview of the field of discourse studies and iden- tifies the following developments: between the mid-1960s and the early 1970s, new, closely related disciplines emerged in the humanities and the social sciences. Despite their different disciplinary backgrounds and a great diversity of methods and objects of investigation, some parts of the new fields/para- digms/linguistic subdisciplines of semiotics, pragmatics, psycho- and sociolinguistics, ethnography of speaking, conversation analysis and discourse studies all dealt and continue to deal with discourse and have at least seven dimensions in common (see also Angermuller et al. 2014): •• An interest in the properties of ‘naturally occurring’ language use by real lan- guage users (instead of a study of abstract language systems and invented examples). -
From Logic to Rhetoric: a Contextualized Pedagogy for Fallacies
Current Issue From the Editors Weblog Editorial Board Editorial Policy Submissions Archives Accessibility Search Composition Forum 32, Fall 2015 From Logic to Rhetoric: A Contextualized Pedagogy for Fallacies Anne-Marie Womack Abstract: This article reenvisions fallacies for composition classrooms by situating them within rhetorical practices. Fallacies are not formal errors in logic but rather persuasive failures in rhetoric. I argue fallacies are directly linked to successful rhetorical strategies and pose the visual organizer of the Venn diagram to demonstrate that claims can achieve both success and failure based on audience and context. For example, strong analogy overlaps false analogy and useful appeal to pathos overlaps manipulative emotional appeal. To advance this argument, I examine recent changes in fallacies theory, critique a-rhetorical textbook approaches, contextualize fallacies within the history and theory of rhetoric, and describe a methodology for rhetorically reclaiming these terms. Today, fallacy instruction in the teaching of written argument largely follows two paths: teachers elevate fallacies as almost mathematical formulas for errors or exclude them because they don’t fit into rhetorical curriculum. Both responses place fallacies outside the realm of rhetorical inquiry. Fallacies, though, are not as clear-cut as the current practice of spotting them might suggest. Instead, they rely on the rhetorical situation. Just as it is an argument to create a fallacy, it is an argument to name a fallacy. This article describes an approach in which students must justify naming claims as successful strategies and/or fallacies, a process that demands writing about contexts and audiences rather than simply linking terms to obviously weak statements. -
A System for Cherry-Picked Trendlines Detection
MithraDetective: A System for Cherry-picked Trendlines Detection Yoko Nagafuchi∗, Yin Liny, Kaushal Mamgain{, Abolfazl Asudeh∗∗, H. V. Jagadishx, You (Will) Wuk, Cong Yuz ∗,y,xUniversity of Michigan; {,∗∗University of Illinois at Chicago; k,zGoogle Research; {yokon,irenelin,jag}@umich.edu; {kmamga2,asudeh}@uic.edu; {wuyou,congyu}@google.com; ABSTRACT come out with the fantasy-like statement that: The northern Given a data set, misleading conclusions can be drawn from hemisphere summers are colder than winters. For example, a it by cherry picking selected samples. One important class of cherry-picked summer day of Ann Arbor (MI, USA) on Aug. 퐹 conclusions is a trend derived from a data set of values over 18 had an average temperature of 58° , which is 8 degrees time. Our goal is to evaluate whether the ‘trends’ described lower than its average temperature on Mar. 15 (a winter by the extracted samples are representative of the true sit- day). In fact, both of the seasonal aggregation results and uation represented in the data. We demonstrate MithraDe- the validation [3] indicate that such cherry-picked trendline tective, a system to compute a support score to indicate how statements are not a fair representation of the truth. cherry-picked a statement is; that is, whether the reported Cherry-picked claims can aggravate public panic and lead trend is well-supported by the data. The system can also be to potentially dangerous outcomes in policy-making, as shown used to discover more supported alternatives. MithraDetec- in the next example. tive provides an interactive visual interface for both tasks. -
A Corpus-Based Critical Discourse Analysis of Pro-Eating Disorder Blogs
Jezikoslovlje 12.2 (2011): 187-209 187 UDC 811.111'42:004.773=111 Original scientific paper Received on 15.08. 2011 Accepted for publication on 09.11. 2011 Morana Luka University of Zadar Down to the bone: A corpus-based critical discourse analysis of pro-eating disorder blogs The pro-eating-disorder community is almost exclusively an online community of individuals who claim that eating disorders are not an illness, but rather a life- style choice. This study offers an insight into the ideologies constructed in the pro-eating-disorder online discourse by using micro and macro levels of critical discourse analysis (CDA) on 19 blogs written by the self-declared members of the community. Linguistic analysis of the pro-eating-disorder discourse has been largely under-represented and this study is the first to use a corpus-linguistics ap- proach to CDA in analysing the websites’ content. The results of the analysis show that the pro-eating-disorder community constructs the ideology of eating disorders as a life-style via demedicalised reference to the illness. The study also elaborates on the construction of the negative image of “an outsider” (any person not belonging to the community) as an element of self-determination. By using the corpus linguistic technique of keyness, main topics of the discourse are identi- fied, suggesting relevant relations between the discourse of measuring and will power and the underlying pro-eating-disorder ideologies. Key words: blog; pro-eating disorder community; critical discourse analysis; demedicalisation; corpus linguistics Morana Luka: 188 A corpus-based critical discourse analysis of pro-eating disorder blogs Woe’s me, woe’s me! The earth bears grain, But I Am unfruitful, Am discarded shell, Cracked, unusable, Worthless husk.