Critical Discourse Analysis: As an Empirical and Rational Foundation
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Professor Dr Dr H.C. Ruth Wodak, Acss Distinguished Professor of Discourse Studies
Professor Dr Dr h.c. Ruth Wodak, AcSS Distinguished Professor of Discourse Studies EXTENDED CURRICULUM VITAE BIO-DATA, CONTACT DETAILS, EDUCATION ............................................................................................ 2 CAREER .................................................................................................................................................... 3 VISITING PROFESSORSHIPS...................................................................................................................... 4 AWARDS .................................................................................................................................................. 5 MAJOR RESEARCH GRANTS ..................................................................................................................... 5 KEY RESEARCH INTERESTS ....................................................................................................................... 6 OTHER PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES .......................................................................................................... 7 JOURNAL EDITORSHIP ............................................................................................................................. 8 BOOK SERIES EDITORSHIP ....................................................................................................................... 9 MEMBERSHIP IN JOURNAL ADVISORY BOARDS ...................................................................................... 9 MEMBERSHIP IN BOOK -
Critical Discourse Studies: History, Agenda, Theory and Methodology
EDITED BY 00_Wodak_Meyer_3E_Prelims.indd 3 9/24/2015 11:56:08 AM 1 CRITICAL DISCOURSE STUDIES: HISTORY, AGENDA, THEORY AND METHODOLOGY RUTH WODAK AND MICHAEL MEYER CONTENTS CDS – What is it all about? 2 A brief history of ‘the Group’ 4 The common ground: discourse, critique, power and ideology 5 The notion of discourse 5 The critical impetus 6 Ideology and power – a kaleidoscopic view 8 Research agenda and challenges 12 Methodological issues: theory, methods, analysis, interpretation 13 Theoretical grounding and objectives 16 Major approaches to CDS 17 Data collection 21 Summary 21 01_Wodak_Meyer_3E_Ch_01.indd 1 9/24/2015 11:56:11 AM METHODS OF CRITICAL DISCOURSE STUDIES Keywords ideology, power, discourse, critique, methodology, levels of theory, approaches to critical discourse studies CDS – What is it all about? The manifold roots of critical discourse studies lie in rhetoric, text linguistics, anthropology, philosophy, social psychology, cognitive science, literary studies and sociolinguistics, as well as in applied linguistics and pragmatics. Teun van Dijk (2008) provides a broad overview of the field of discourse studies and iden- tifies the following developments: between the mid-1960s and the early 1970s, new, closely related disciplines emerged in the humanities and the social sciences. Despite their different disciplinary backgrounds and a great diversity of methods and objects of investigation, some parts of the new fields/para- digms/linguistic subdisciplines of semiotics, pragmatics, psycho- and sociolinguistics, ethnography of speaking, conversation analysis and discourse studies all dealt and continue to deal with discourse and have at least seven dimensions in common (see also Angermuller et al. 2014): •• An interest in the properties of ‘naturally occurring’ language use by real lan- guage users (instead of a study of abstract language systems and invented examples). -
A Corpus-Based Critical Discourse Analysis of Pro-Eating Disorder Blogs
Jezikoslovlje 12.2 (2011): 187-209 187 UDC 811.111'42:004.773=111 Original scientific paper Received on 15.08. 2011 Accepted for publication on 09.11. 2011 Morana Luka University of Zadar Down to the bone: A corpus-based critical discourse analysis of pro-eating disorder blogs The pro-eating-disorder community is almost exclusively an online community of individuals who claim that eating disorders are not an illness, but rather a life- style choice. This study offers an insight into the ideologies constructed in the pro-eating-disorder online discourse by using micro and macro levels of critical discourse analysis (CDA) on 19 blogs written by the self-declared members of the community. Linguistic analysis of the pro-eating-disorder discourse has been largely under-represented and this study is the first to use a corpus-linguistics ap- proach to CDA in analysing the websites’ content. The results of the analysis show that the pro-eating-disorder community constructs the ideology of eating disorders as a life-style via demedicalised reference to the illness. The study also elaborates on the construction of the negative image of “an outsider” (any person not belonging to the community) as an element of self-determination. By using the corpus linguistic technique of keyness, main topics of the discourse are identi- fied, suggesting relevant relations between the discourse of measuring and will power and the underlying pro-eating-disorder ideologies. Key words: blog; pro-eating disorder community; critical discourse analysis; demedicalisation; corpus linguistics Morana Luka: 188 A corpus-based critical discourse analysis of pro-eating disorder blogs Woe’s me, woe’s me! The earth bears grain, But I Am unfruitful, Am discarded shell, Cracked, unusable, Worthless husk. -
Ruth Wodak, Facss
Emeritus Distinguished Professor Dr. Dr.h.c. Ruth Wodak, FAcSS EXTENDED CURRICULUM VITAE BIO-DATA, CONTACT DETAILS, EDUCATION ............................................................................................ 2 CAREER .................................................................................................................................................... 3 VISITING PROFESSORSHIPS ..................................................................................................................... 4 AWARDS .................................................................................................................................................. 5 MAJOR RESEARCH GRANTS ..................................................................................................................... 5 KEY RESEARCH INTERESTS ....................................................................................................................... 6 OTHER PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES .......................................................................................................... 8 JOURNAL EDITORSHIP ........................................................................................................................... 10 BOOK SERIES EDITORSHIP ..................................................................................................................... 10 MEMBERSHIP IN JOURNAL ADVISORY BOARDS .................................................................................... 10 MEMBERSHIP IN BOOK SERIES EDITORIAL BOARDS -
The Peaks and Troughs of Corpus-Based Contextual Analysis
UCREL Corpus Research Seminar Lancaster University 23 May 2011 The peaks and troughs of corpus-based contextual analysis Costas Gabrielatos, Tony McEnery, Peter Diggle & Paul Baker (Lancaster University) Abstract This presentation addresses a criticism of corpus-based approaches to critical discourse studies, namely that the CL analysis does not take account of the relevant context, and shows how a preliminary corpus-based analysis can pinpoint salient contextual elements, which can inform both the CL and CDA analyses. The discussion also focuses on the importance of the statistical identification of diachronic trends (in particular, frequency peaks and troughs), and the need for high granularity in diachronic corpora. The paper aims to contribute to the synergy between CL and CDA approaches, and between qualitative and quantitative techniques in general. The presentation uses a recently completed ESRC-funded project as a case study, The Representation of Islam in the UK Press, which used a diachronic corpus of topic-specific articles. Periods of increased frequency in the number of corpus articles were identified through a statistical analysis. These frequency peaks indicate short periods (months) of significantly increased reporting on the topic/entities in focus. These periods can then be matched with events which are expected to have triggered the increased interest. This identification has a dual benefit: a) it suggests the contextual background against which the results of the corpus analysis can be interpreted; b) it provides a reliable guide to the corpus texts that can be usefully downsampled for close (qualitative) critical discourse analysis. Focus • Diachronic corpus studies: relevant issues – Time span – Sampling points – Granularity • Context, CDA and CL • Identifying spikes – Whole corpus vs. -
Professor Ruth Wodak, Ph.D., Dr. H. C., Dr. Habil. CURRICULUM VITAE
Professor Ruth Wodak, Ph.D., Dr. h. c., Dr. Habil. CURRICULUM VITAE ADDRESS: Dept. of Linguistics and Modern English Language Bowland College Lancaster University [email protected] http://www.ling.lancs.ac.uk/profiles/265 PROFESSIONAL CAREER: Since 8.12.2007 Distinguished Professor and Chair in Discourse Studies, LAEL, Lancaster University 09/2004 – 12/2007 Chair in Discourse Studies, LAEL, Lancaster University March 2005 Offer of Canadian Research Chair, University of Waterloo (not accepted) 10/1999 – 10/2002 Research Professorship, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 03/1997 – 01/2006 Director of Research Centre "Discourse, Politics, Identity", University of Vienna 1.10. 2000 ‐ Co‐Director of Austrian National Focal Point, EUMC (since 2007 FRA), Vienna 1991 ‐ 2004 Full Professor of Applied Linguistics, Chair, University of Vienna 1991 Offer of a chair at University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA as "Full Professor" for Applied Linguistics (not accepted) 1983 – 1991 Associate Professor of Sociolinguistics and Psycholinguistics, with emphasis on Discourse Analysis, Department of Linguistics, University of Vienna, Austria 1975 – 1983 Assistant Professor of Linguistics, University of Vienna 1980 Habilitation in ‘Applied Linguistics, including Socio‐ and Psycholinguistics’, at the University of Vienna (Habilitationsschrift: Das Wort in der Gruppe. Linguistische Studien zur therapeutischen Kommunikation). Page 1 of 53 Updated 19/10/2010 1974 PhD (Sub Auspiciis Praesidentis Rei Publicae, in Linguistics, University of Vienna (PhD Thesis: -
Discourse Studies
Discourse Studies http://dis.sagepub.com/ Mediation between discourse and society: assessing cognitive approaches in CDA Ruth Wodak Discourse Studies 2006 8: 179 DOI: 10.1177/1461445606059566 The online version of this article can be found at: http://dis.sagepub.com/content/8/1/179 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Discourse Studies can be found at: Email Alerts: http://dis.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://dis.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://dis.sagepub.com/content/8/1/179.refs.html Downloaded from dis.sagepub.com at SAGE Publications on March 23, 2011 ARTICLE 179 Mediation between discourse and society: assessing cognitive approaches in CDA Discourse Studies Copyright © 2006 SAGE Publications. (London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi) www.sagepublications.com Vol 8(1): 179–190. RUTH WODAK 10.1177/1461445606059566 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY ABSTRACT While reviewing relevant recent research, it becomes apparent that cognitive approaches have been rejected and excluded from Critical Discourse Analysis by many scholars out of often unjustified reasons. This article argues, in contrast, that studies in CDA would gain significantly through integrating insights from socio-cognitive theories into their framework. Examples from my own research into the comprehension and comprehensibility of news broadcasts, Internet discussion boards as well as into discourse and discrimination illustrate this position. However, I also argue that there are salient limits to cognitive theories which have to be taken into account, specifically when proposing social change via rational/cognitive insights. Examples from recent political debates on immigration and from the election campaign in the US in 2004 serve to emphasize these arguments. -
The Representation of Social Actors
Contents Notes on contributors vii Preface xi Part I Critical discourse theory 1 On critical linguistics 3 Roger Fowler 2 Representational resources and the production of subjectivity: Questions for the theoretical development of Critical Discourse Analysis in a multicultural society 15 Gunther Kress 3 The representation of social actors 32 Theo van Leeuwen 4 Technologisation of discourse 71 Norman Fairclough 5 Discourse, power and access 84 Teun A.van Dijk Part II Texts and practices: Critical approaches 6 The genesis of racist discourse in Austria since 1989 107 Ruth Wodak 7 Ethnic, racial and tribal: The language of racism? 129 Ramesh Krishnamurthy 8 A clause-relational analysis of selected dictionary entries: Contrast and compatibility in the definitions of ‘man’ and ‘woman’ 150 Michael Hoey v vi Contents 9 The official version: Audience manipulation in police records of interviews with suspects 166 Malcolm Coulthard 10 Conflict talk in a psychiatric discharge interview: Struggling between personal and official footings 179 Branca Telles Ribeiro 11 Problems with the representation of face and its manifestations in the discourse of the ‘old-old’ 194 Dino Preti 12 ‘Guilt over games boys play’: Coherence as a focus for examining the constitution of heterosexual subjectivity on a problem page 214 Val Gough and Mary Talbot 13 Barking up the wrong tree? Male hegemony, discrimination against women and the reporting of bestiality in the Zimbabwean press 231 Andrew Morrison 14 ‘Women who pay for sex. And enjoy it’: Transgression versus morality -
The Discourse of Politics in Action Also by Ruth Wodak
The Discourse of Politics in Action Also by Ruth Wodak DISORDERS OF DISCOURSE (1996) GENDER AND DISCOURSE (1997) THE DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY (1999, with R. de Cillia, M. Reisigl, K. Liebhart, revised 2nd edition 2009) METHODS OF CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS (2001, with M. Meyer, revised 2nd edition 2009) EUROPEAN DISCOURSES ON UN/EMPLOYMENT (2000, with P. Muntigl, G. Weiss) DAS KANN EINEM NUR IN WIEN PASSIEREN. ALLTAGSGESCHICHTEN (2001) DISCOURSE AND DISCRIMINATION (2001, with M. Reisigl) THE HAIDER PHENOMENON IN AUSTRIA (2002, with A. Pelinka) CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS: THEORY AND INTERDISCIPLINARITY (2003, with G. Weiss, 2nd edition 2007) NATO, NEUTRALITY AND NATIONAL IDENTITY (2003, with A. Kovàcs) RE/READING THE PAST (2003, with J. Martin) A NEW AGENDA IN (CRITICAL) DISCOURSE ANALYSIS (2005, with P. Chilton, 2nd edition 2007) THE DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF HISTORY: REMEMBERING THE WEHRMACHT’S WAR OF ANNIHILATION (2008, with H. Heer, W. Manoschek, A. Pollak) QUALITATIVE DISCOURSE ANALYSIS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES (2008, with M. Krzyzanowski)˙ LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION IN THE PUBLIC SPHERE (2008, with V. Koller, Handbook of Applied Linguistics vol. IV) THE POLITICS OF EXCLUSION: DEBATING MIGRATION IN AUSTRIA (2008, with M. Krzyzanowski)˙ THE EUROPEAN PUBLIC SPHERE AND THE MEDIA: EUROPE IN CRISIS (forth- coming, with A. Triandafyllidou and M. Krzyzanowski)˙ The Discourse of Politics in Action Politics as Usual Ruth Wodak Lancaster University © Ruth Wodak 2009 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2011 978-0-230-01881-5 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. -
Gender, Ideology and Conceptual Metaphors: Women and the Source Domain of the Hunt
ARTICLES Complutense Journal of English Studies ISSN: 2386-3935 https://dx.doi.org/10.5209/cjes.68355 Gender, Ideology and Conceptual Metaphors: Women and the Source Domain of the Hunt María D. López Maestre1 Abstract. As a cognitive process, metaphorical reasoning is inevitable, but not necessarily innocent or neutral. It is well known that the conceptual domains of love and sex have received substantial attention within cognitive linguistics. However, a source domain that merits further exploration from a gender ideology perspective is that of the hunt. For this reason, following an approach that links cognitive linguistics with critical discourse analysis this article examines the conceptualisation of love, seduction and the search for a partner/husband through hunting metaphors, focusing on the discursive representation of women and the hunt. In the texts studied the conceptual metaphors LOVE/SEDUCTION/THE SEARCH FOR A PARTNER OR HUSBAND IS A HUNT are activated through metaphorical linguistic expressions with terms such as hunt, chase, pursue, catch, capture, trap etc. Regarding ideology, metaphors are powerful transmitters of folk beliefs and dominant conceptions of femininity and masculinity. Gender values that show man as the privileged sex as well as sexist ideologies supportive of male dominance and female submissiveness have been found to underlie the texts under consideration. Keywords: conceptual metaphors, critical metaphor analysis, CDA, gender, ideology, hunt-based metaphors, love, seduction, the search for a partner/husband. [es] Género, ideología y metáforas conceptuales: las mujeres y el dominio fuente de la caza Resumen. Como proceso cognitivo, el razonamiento metafórico es inevitable, pero eso no quiere decir que este sea necesariamente inocente o neutral. -
Critical Discourse Analysis: History, Agenda, Theory, and Methodology1
Wodak-3795-Ch-01:Wodak-3795-Ch-01.QXP 9/29/2008 4:29 PM Page 1 1 Critical Discourse Analysis: History, Agenda, Theory, and Methodology 1 Ruth Wodak and Michael Meyer CDA – What is it all about? 1 A brief history of the ‘CDA Group’ 3 The common ground: discourse, critique, power and ideology 4 Main research agenda and challenges 11 Differences and similarities – beyond the social dimension 19 Methodology 23 Summary and criticism 32 CDA – What is it all about? In this chapter, we first provide a brief ‘story’ – how it all began; then we pre - sent an overview of some important research agendas in CDA and discuss new challenges for CDA research. Secondly, we discuss the various theoretical and methodological approaches assembled in this volume from a sociological and epistemological perspective. 2 There, we focus mostly on three central and con - stitutive concepts: power, ideology and critique. We also, of course, summarize some of the salient principles which are constitutive of all approaches in CDA. In addition, we mention some important criticism which CDA has been con - fronted with in the past years (see Billig, 2003, 2008; Chilton, 2007; Chilton and Wodak, 2007; Wodak and Cillia, 2006 for an extensive discussion of this issue). The terms Critical Linguistics (CL) and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) are often used interchangeably. In fact, recently, the term CDA seems to have been preferred and is being used to denote the theory formerly identified as CL.Therefore, we will continue to use CDA exclusively here (see Anthonissen, 2001; Chilton and Wodak, 2007 for an extensive discussion of these terms and their history). -
Contested Discourses on Migrant Connectivity: Migrant Users and Corporations of Mobile Phone and Money Transfer Services in Catalonia
Contested Discourses on Migrant Connectivity: Migrant Users and Corporations of Mobile Phone and Money Transfer Services in Catalonia. An interdisciplinary approach. Author: Cecilia Gordano Peile Information and Knowledge Society Doctoral Program, Internet Interdisciplinary Institute, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya Thesis Direction Committee: Dr. Adela Ros (thesis supervisor), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya Dr. Lisa Nakamura, University of Michigan Dr. Teun van Dijk, Universitat Pompeu Fabra Date of submission: July 11, 2013 C ONTESTED D ISCOURSES ON M IGRANT C ONNECTIVITY To my trans/national family, Leticia, Gerardo, Silvana and Seba C ONTESTED D ISCOURSES ON M IGRANT C ONNECTIVITY C ONTESTED D ISCOURSES ON M IGRANT C ONNECTIVITY Table of content Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Introduction. Problematizing Migrant Connectivity .................................................................. 8 1.1. Research Objectives, Questions and Analytic Model ................................................................ 17 1.2. A Navigation Chart to Read this Dissertation ............................................................................ 21 2. A Theoretical Framework of Migrant Connectivity: Global, Network and Market Societies........26 2.1. Spatiality: Globalization from Above and From Below .............................................................. 26 The trans/national dimensions of migrant connectivity