SPC Beche-De-Mer Information Bulletin Contains Eight Articles Commercial Species in Tonga and Communications from Several Countries

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

SPC Beche-De-Mer Information Bulletin Contains Eight Articles Commercial Species in Tonga and Communications from Several Countries Secretariat of the Pacific Community ISSN 1025-4943 Issue 33 – May 2013 BECHE-DE-MER information bulletin Inside this issue Editorial Change in weight of sea cucumbers during processing: Ten common This issue of SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin contains eight articles commercial species in tonga and communications from several countries. It also includes abstracts about sea P. Ngaluafe and J. Lee p. 3 cucumbers that were presented at the 14th International Echinoderm Conference First insight into Colombian Caribbean that was held in Brussels in August. sea cucumbers and sea cucumber fishery The first article (p. 3) comes from Tonga. Poasi Ngaluafe and Jessica Lee analyse A. Rodriguez Forero et al. p. 9 the change in weight of ten common commercial sea cucumbers. They discuss the possible reasons for the discrepancy they observe between their results and Strategies for improving survivorship of hatchery-reared juvenile Holothuria previous ones, and the implications for fisheries management in Tonga. scabra in community-managed sea cucumber farms We are also very pleased to present some insights about sea cucumbers and sea A. Rougier et al. p. 14 cucumber fisheries in the Colombian Caribbean. The article is from the team of Holothurian abundance, richness and Adriana Rodríguez Forero (p. 9). They report on species that could be new for the population densities, comparing sites Caribbean and conclude with stressing the importance of initiating a management with different degrees of exploitation in plan for the Colombian fishery resource. the shallow lagoons of Mauritius K. Lampe p. 23 Some news also from Madagascar, where Antoine Rougier et al. (p. 14) talk about Artificial breeding and larval rearing of the strategies for improving survivorship of hatchery-reared juvenile Holothuria three tropical sea cucumber species: scabra in community-managed sea cucumber farms. Their findings indicate that Holothuria scabra, Pseudocolochirus violaceus and Colochirus quadrangularis technical solutions must be coupled with active management to maximise the in Sri Lanka survivorship of juveniles. A. Kumara et al. p. 30 From the shallow lagoons of western and southern Mauritius, Katrin Lampe The ability of holothurians to select sedi- (p. 23) presents statistics on a total of 3411 holothurians, comparing their diver- ment particles and organic matter sity and population densities in 16 survey sites that had been exploited to differ- K. Mezali and D.L. Soualili p. 38 ent degrees. Volunteer programme assesses the Holothuria arguinensis populations in Ria Ajith Kumara et al. (p. 30) worked on the breeding and larval rearing of three Formosa (southern Portugal) tropical sea cucumber species, Holothuria scabra, Pseudocolochirus violaceus M. González-Wangüemert et al. p. 44 and Colochirus quadrangularis, in Sri Lanka. They were successful in obtaining juveniles for the three species. Karim Mezali and Dina Lila Soualili (p. 38) analysed the ability of holothuri- Editor ans to select sediment particles and organic matter. For that, observations on the Igor Eeckhaut Marine Biology and bioimitation digestive contents of holothurians from shallow waters in Algeria are presented. 6, Av. Champ de Mars The results illustrate the diet specificity of the species. University of Mons 7000 Mons Belgium Email: [email protected] Mercedes González-Wangüemert et al. (p. 44) assessed the Holothuria arguin- Production ensis populations inside Ria Formosa (South Portugal) through a volunteer pro- Fisheries Information Section gramme. They found high densities but the values oscillated, depending on tran- SPC, BP D5, 98848 Noumea Cedex New Caledonia sects and habitats. Fax: +687 263818 Email: [email protected] Kalo Pakoa and Ian Bertram (p. 49) summarise the current state of sea cucumber www.spc.int/coastfish Produced with financial assistance fishery management in 12 Pacific Island countries or territories and the various from Australia, France and New Zealand actions that are taken to establish formal fishery management frameworks. 2 SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin #33 – April 2013 Finally, we publish several short reports about underwater observations of Management state of Pacific sea cucum- ber fisheries spawning events of juveniles: from Rodrigue by Alexandre Bédier et al., K. Pakoa and I. Bertram p. 49 who also synthesises data recorded in previous bulletins (p. 53); from Papua New Guinea by Jeff Kinch et al. (p. 56); and from India by Hithesh Kardani Natural spawning observations on Rodri- gues Island, Indian Ocean and Mayurdan Gadhavi (p. 57). A. Bédier et al. p. 53 We received many communications, among which was a description of the Observation of juvenile Holothuria workshop (SCEAM Indian Ocean) that was held in Zanzibar in November fuscogilva on the fringing reefs of New 2012. We would also like to congratulate Thomas Plotieau, who recently Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea J. Kinch et al. p. 56 had his PhD thesis on H. scabra’s diet accepted. He specialised in the bac- teria assimilated from the sediment eaten by this species. Observation of juvenile Holothuria pardalis at Sikka Coast, Gulf of Kachchh Igor Eeckhaut H.K. Kardani and M.K. Gadhavi p. 57 Communications p. 58 Abstracts and new publications p. 67 PIMRIS is a joint project of five international on marine resources to users in the region, so as to organisations concerned with fisheries and marine support their rational development and management. resource development in the Pacific Islands region. PIMRIS activities include: the active collection, The project is executed by the Secretariat of the cataloguing and archiving of technical documents, Pacific Community (SPC), the Pacific Islands Forum especially ephemera (‘grey literature’); evaluation, Fisheries Agency (FFA), the University of the South repackaging and dissemination of information; Pacific (USP) and the Pacific Regional Environment provision of literature searches, question-and-answer Programme (SPREP). This bulletin is produced by services and bibliographic support; and assistance SPC as part of its commitment to PIMRIS. The aim of Pacific Islands Marine Resources with the development of in-country reference PIMRIS is to improve the availability of information Information System collections and databases on marine resources. SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin #33 – May 2013 3 Change in weight of sea cucumbers during processing: Ten common commercial species in Tonga Poasi Ngaluafe1* and Jessica Lee2 Abstract Accurately estimating the weight of live sea cucumber from the weight of dried beche-de-mer is important for national fisheries data, for standardising data collected from surveys or export records, and for inform- ing management decisions and regulating fisheries quotas. Different sea cucumber species lose different proportions of their body weight through processing, so conversion ratios are best calculated on a species- by-species basis. This study measured the proportional change in weight of ten sea cucumber species in Tonga over the various stages of processing. The aim of the study was to fill knowledge gaps by providing conversion ratios for species for which no relevant data exist, such as Actinopyga lecanora, Bohadschia argus, B. similis, B. vitiensis and Holothuria coluber. For other species studied, the conversion ratios were compared with the ratios calculated in previous studies, with this study generally producing higher conversion ratios (i.e. less weight lost through processing). We discuss the possible reasons for this discrepancy, the implica- tions for fisheries management in Tonga, and the need for further studies. Introduction studies have been carried out in Tonga. Comparing the ratios obtained in this study to those reported Sometimes, weight data for sea cucumbers are in previous studies will help the Tongan Fisheries available for only one stage of processing, whether Department to decide whether the ratios currently this be the pre-processing stage (fresh weight), an being used for catch calculations are appropriate intermediate processing stage or, more commonly, to Tonga. the fully processed dried product (beche-de-mer). Conversion ratios allow weight data to be com- Methods pared using a common unit for analysis. If accu- rate conversion rates are available for a particular The methods followed were based on the methods species, the processed weight can be used in order used by Purcell et al. (2009), with some variations. to estimate the weight (and numbers, if average Length conversion information was not considered weights are available) of fresh sea cucumbers that in this study, as it is not as relevant as weight con- were processed. version information for commercial export calcula- tions in Tonga. Some previous studies have determined the aver- age change in weight from whole, unprocessed The study was conducted in Uiha on the island of sea cucumbers to dried beche-de-mer for several Felemea, in the Ha’apai group of islands in Tonga. common tropical species (Conand 1990; Skewes Sea cucumbers were collected by local fishers and et al. 2004; Purcell et al. 2009; Lavitra et al. 2009). brought to shore in tubs. A sample size of twenty- However, there are still knowledge gaps for some five individuals was weighed for each species, with commercial species, several of which have been the exception of Thelenota ananas (prickly redfish), addressed in this study. with only 14 individuals recorded, and Actinopyga sp. (affinity flammea) with only two individuals In addition to differences
Recommended publications
  • Connected Experience: Marine Invertebrate Adaptations
    Connected Experience: Marine Invertebrate Adaptations GRADE LEVELS 3rd- 12th Grade with NGSS for 3rd grade SUBJECTS Life Sciences, Patterns DURATION Pre-Visit: 30 minutes, Aquarium/Tide pool: 45 minutes, Post-Visit: 30 SETTING Classroomi and Aquarium or Outdoor Tide Pool Summary This ‘‘connected experience’’ allows students to connect their classroom learning to field trip learning, and back again. Students begin by thinking about a specific ecosystem, and what adaptations an animal might need to survive there. They then observe invertebrates in an outdoor, or aquarium setting to look for evidence of how the organism uses its body parts to survive. Objectives In this lesson, students will: 1. identify patterns within organisms and the environments in which they live 2. construct an argument from evidence on how an animal is specially adapted to live in its ecosystem. 3. build curiosity for the natural world through exploring a new environment. Materials Marine Invertebrate Cards (part of this lesson) invertebrate scavenger hunt worksheets clipboards with pencils (for field trip) cameras (optional --- 1 per student group) local field guide (optional) Teacher Tips: This scavenger hunt may be used in an aquarium or an outdoor tide pool. If you choose to go outside, consider having students wear sunscreen, and rain boots. Additionally, you may want to bring trash bags, and have students collect any litter that they find in order to leave a healthier habitat behind. Teacher Prep 1. Scout out the aquarium or tide pool so you know where students can find invertebrates. If going outside, use a tide log to find out what time low tide is on the day of your field trip, and plan to scout at a similar tidal level.
    [Show full text]
  • Sea Cucumber.Pdf
    Cover photograph: Underwater photograph of an adult brown sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus (Ludwig, 1875) at Santa Cruz, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador; courtesy Steven W. Purcell. FAO FISHERIES AND Managing sea cucumber AQUACULTURE TECHNICAL fisheries with an ecosystem PAPER approach 520 By Steven W. Purcell FAO Consultant National Marine Science Centre Southern Cross University Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia Edited and compiled by Alessandro Lovatelli Fishery Resources Officer (Aquaculture) Fisheries and Aquaculture Resources Use and Conservation Division FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy Marcelo Vasconcellos FAO Consultant Institute of Oceanography Federal University of Rio Grande Rio Grande, RS, Brazil and Yimin Ye Senior Fishery Resources Officer Fisheries and Aquaculture Resources Use and Conservation Division FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2010 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-106489-4 All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution, Abundance, and Diversity of Epifaunal Benthic Organisms in Alitak and Ugak Bays, Kodiak Island, Alaska
    DISTRIBUTION, ABUNDANCE, AND DIVERSITY OF EPIFAUNAL BENTHIC ORGANISMS IN ALITAK AND UGAK BAYS, KODIAK ISLAND, ALASKA by Howard M. Feder and Stephen C. Jewett Institute of Marine Science University of Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 Final Report Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program Research Unit 517 October 1977 279 We thank the following for assistance during this study: the crew of the MV Big Valley; Pete Jackson and James Blackburn of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Kodiak, for their assistance in a cooperative benthic trawl study; and University of Alaska Institute of Marine Science personnel Rosemary Hobson for assistance in data processing, Max Hoberg for shipboard assistance, and Nora Foster for taxonomic assistance. This study was funded by the Bureau of Land Management, Department of the Interior, through an interagency agreement with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce, as part of the Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Environment Assessment Program (OCSEAP). SUMMARY OF OBJECTIVES, CONCLUSIONS, AND IMPLICATIONS WITH RESPECT TO OCS OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT Little is known about the biology of the invertebrate components of the shallow, nearshore benthos of the bays of Kodiak Island, and yet these components may be the ones most significantly affected by the impact of oil derived from offshore petroleum operations. Baseline information on species composition is essential before industrial activities take place in waters adjacent to Kodiak Island. It was the intent of this investigation to collect information on the composition, distribution, and biology of the epifaunal invertebrate components of two bays of Kodiak Island. The specific objectives of this study were: 1) A qualitative inventory of dominant benthic invertebrate epifaunal species within two study sites (Alitak and Ugak bays).
    [Show full text]
  • Sea Cucumber Abundance, Diversity and Fishery in Samoa. an Assessment of Lagoon Occurring Sea Cucumbers
    Sea cucumber abundance, diversity and fishery in Samoa. An assessment of lagoon occurring sea cucumbers Part I Commercialization of the sea cucumber fishery in Samoa? A survey to explore the potential for a commercial beche-de-mer fishery in Samoa Part II The subsistence and artisanal sea cucumber fishery, with particular focus on Stichopus horrens, in Samoa Hampus Eriksson Arbetsgruppen för Tropisk Ekologi Minor Field Study 122 Committee of Tropical Ecology ISSN 1653-5634 Uppsala University, Sweden August 2006 Uppsala Sea cucumber abundance, diversity and fishery in Samoa. An assessment of lagoon occurring sea cucumbers Part I Commercialization of the sea cucumber fishery in Samoa? A survey to explore the potential for a commercial beche-de-mer fishery in Samoa Part II The subsistence and artisanal sea cucumber fishery, with particular focus on Stichopus horrens, in Samoa Hampus Eriksson This paper reports my degree project (20 ECTS) towards an M.Sc in Biology at the Department of Animal Ecology, Centre for Evolutionary Biology (EBC) at Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. Supervisors: Assoc. Prof. Bo Tallmark (Department of Animal Ecology, Uppsala University) Dr. Kim Friedman (Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC), Nouméa, New Caledonia) Cover photo: Women from the village Vailele taking the opportunity to collect sedentary invertebrates (gleaning) at low tide. All pictures are taken by the author. Preface This study was performed in Samoa through September to December 2005 and finalises my university studies at Uppsala University towards an M.Sc in Biology. The work presented in this paper came about after a series of events and I owe greatly to all of those that are mentioned in the acknowledgement section.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Conference of the Parties to The
    Conference of the Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES); Seventeenth Regular Meeting: Taxa Being Considered for Amendments to the CITES Appendices The United States, as a Party to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), may propose amendments to the CITES Appendices for consideration at meetings of the Conference of the Parties. The seventeenth regular meeting of the Conference of the Parties to CITES (CoP17) is scheduled to be held in South Africa, September 24 to October 5, 2016. With this notice, we describe proposed amendments to the CITES Appendices (species proposals) that the United States might submit for consideration at CoP17 and invite your comments and information on these proposals. Please note that we published an abbreviated version of this notice in the Federal Register on August 26, 2015, in which we simply listed each species proposal that the United States is considering for CoP17, but we did not describe each proposal in detail or explain the rationale for the tentative U.S. position on each species. CITES is an international treaty designed to control and regulate international trade in certain animal and plant species that are affected by trade and are now, or potentially may become, threatened with extinction. These species are listed in the Appendices to CITES, which are available on the CITES Secretariat’s website at http://www.cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/app/2015/E-Appendices-2015-02-05.pdf. Currently, 181 Parties, including the United States, have joined CITES.
    [Show full text]
  • A Hotspot of Sea Cucumber Fisheries in Asia Poh-Sze Choo 81
    79 Population status, fisheries and trade of sea cucumbers in Asia Poh-Sze Choo The Philippines: a hotspot of sea cucumber fisheries in Asia Poh-Sze Choo 81 Population status, fisheries and trade of sea cucumbers in Asia Poh-Sze Choo The WorldFish Center Penang, Malaysia E-mail: [email protected] Choo, P.S. 2008. Population status, fisheries and trade of sea cucumbers in Asia. In V. Toral-Granda, A. Lovatelli and M. Vasconcellos (eds). Sea cucumbers. A global review of fisheries and trade. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper. No. 516. Rome, FAO. pp. 81-118. SUMMARY The regional review on the population status, fisheries and trade of commercially important sea cucumbers in Asia covers the east and southeast Asian regions including Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar, Viet Nam, Philippines, Singapore, the Spratly Islands, Japan, Democratic People’s Republic Korea, Republic of Korea, Far East Russian Federation, China Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) and Taiwan Province of China (PC). A total of 52 species are commercially exploited as food with most of them comprising tropical and sub-tropical species from the families Holothuriidae and Stichopodidae, including the genus Holothuria, Actinopyga, Bohadschia and Stichopus. Fisheries in the Asian tropical and sub-tropical waters are multi-species, while the fishery in temperate waters is single species, comprising predominantly only one species, Apostichopus japonicus. Fishing and seafaring communities in Asia had been involved in sea cucumber fishing and processing since the sixteenth century. The fresh animals caught were processed into dried forms known as “trepang”. Indonesia is the world’s top producer of Holothuroidea from the capture fishery.
    [Show full text]
  • From the JR275 Expedition to the Eastern Weddell Sea, Antarctica
    ZooKeys 1054: 155–172 (2021) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1054.59584 DATA PAPER https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea) from the JR275 expedition to the eastern Weddell Sea, Antarctica Melanie Mackenzie1, P. Mark O’Loughlin1, Huw Griffiths2, Anton Van de Putte3 1 Sciences Department – Marine Invertebrates, Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia 2 British Antarctic Survey (BAS), High Cross Madingley Road, CB3 0ET, Cambridge, UK 3 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Rue Vautier 29, Brussels, Belgium Corresponding author: Melanie Mackenzie ([email protected]) Academic editor: Yves Samyn | Received 12 October 2020 | Accepted 11 May 2021 | Published 4 August 2021 http://zoobank.org/43707F5D-D678-4B8E-83F1-3089091B19F8 Citation: Mackenzie M, O’Loughlin PM, Griffiths H, Van de Putte A (2021) Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea) from the JR275 expedition to the eastern Weddell Sea, Antarctica. ZooKeys 1054: 155–172. https:// doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.59584 Abstract Thirty-seven holothuroid species, including six potentially new, are reported from the eastern Weddell Sea in Antarctica. Information regarding sea cucumbers in this dataset is based on Agassiz Trawl (AGT) samples collected during the British Antarctic Survey cruise JR275 on the RRS James Clark Ross in the austral summer of 2012. Species presence by site and an appendix of holothuroid identifications with registrations are included as supplementary material. Species occurrence in the Weddell Sea is updated to include new holothuroids from this expedition. Keywords Antarctic, benthic, biodiversity, dataset, holothuroid, Southern Ocean Introduction The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) JR275 research cruise on the RRS James Clark Ross visited the Weddell Sea from February to March in 2012 as part of a core EvolHist (Evolutionary History of the Polar Regions) project.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Genus and a New Species in the Sea Cucumber Subfamily Colochirinae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida: Cucumariidae) in the Mediterranean Sea
    Zootaxa 4189 (1): 156–164 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4189.1.8 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:61692FA8-DF4B-4098-8F4D-3B332677D5CE A new genus and a new species in the sea cucumber subfamily Colochirinae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida: Cucumariidae) in the Mediterranean Sea SIFISO MJOBO & AHMED S. THANDAR1 School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected] , [email protected] 1Corresponding author Abstract A new genus Hemiocnus is here erected to accommodate the Mediterranean dendrochirotid sea cucumber Cladodactyla syracusana Grube, currently classified, with some doubt, in the cucumariid genus Pseudocnella. At the same time a new cucumariid species, Hemiocnus rubrobrunneus, is described from some Tunisian material, misidentified as Pseudocnella syracusana (Grube), received from the United States National Museum. The new genus appears most closely related to Pseudocnella than to any other genus within the Colochirinae. Although its body wall ossicles resemble those of Pseudoc- nella spp. it differs in that the two ventral-most tentacles are reduced and in the presence of rosettes in the tentacles. P. syracusana also cannot be classified in Ocnus because of the presence of multi-layered, fir-cone shaped plates in the body wall, often with one end denticulate; such ossicles are lacking in the type species of the latter genus. The new species, Hemiocnus rubrobrunneus, on the other hand, shows some resemblance to H. syracusanus in its characteristic buttons and incomplete baskets, differing in its softer body wall, lack of fir-cone-shaped plates and in the presence of rosettes and com- plete baskets in the body wall.
    [Show full text]
  • A Hotspot of Sea Cucumber Fisheries in Asia
    79 Population status, fisheries and trade of sea cucumbers in Asia Poh-Sze Choo The Philippines: a hotspot of sea cucumber fisheries in Asia Poh-Sze Choo 81 Population status, fisheries and trade of sea cucumbers in Asia Poh-Sze Choo The WorldFish Center Penang, Malaysia E-mail: [email protected] Choo, P.S. 2008. Population status, fisheries and trade of sea cucumbers in Asia. In V. Toral-Granda, A. Lovatelli and M. Vasconcellos (eds). Sea cucumbers. A global review of fisheries and trade. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper. N o. 516. Rome, FAO. pp. 81-118. SUMMARY The regional review on the population status, fisheries and trade of commercially important sea cucumbers in Asia covers the east and southeast Asian regions including Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar, Viet Nam, Philippines, Singapore, the Spratly Islands, Japan, Democratic People’s Republic Korea, Republic of Korea, Far East Russian Federation, China Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) and Taiwan Province of China (PC). A total of 52 species are commercially exploited as food with most of them comprising tropical and sub-tropical species from the families Holothuriidae and Stichopodidae, including the genus Holothuria, Actinopyga, Bohadschia and Stichopus. Fisheries in the Asian tropical and sub-tropical waters are multi-species, while the fishery in temperate waters is single species, comprising predominantly only one species, Apostichopus japonicus. Fishing and seafaring communities in Asia had been involved in sea cucumber fishing and processing since the sixteenth century. The fresh animals caught were processed into dried forms known as “trepang”. Indonesia is the world’s top producer of Holothuroidea from the capture fishery.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, Echinodermata, Cucumariidae
    Zootaxa 652: 1–11 (2004) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA 652 Copyright © 2004 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Taxonomy of the monotypic genus Koehleria Cherbonnier, 1988 (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Cucumariidae) AHMED S. THANDAR1 & YVES SAMYN2, 3*1 1School of Biology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, DURBAN 4000, Republic of South Africa 2Department of Biology, Laboratory for Ecology & Systematics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium 3Present address: Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Department of Invertebrates, Vautierstraat 29, B-1000 BRUSSELS, Belgium Abstract Voucher material recently collected from the 2-Mile Reef at Sodwana Bay (Republic of South Africa), allows the evaluation of the monotypic genus Koehleria Cherbonnier, 1988 and its species K. unica Cherbonnier, 1988 collected from Tuléar (Madagascar). Cherbonnier’s (1988) conclusion, that Koehleria is most related to the also monotypic genus Pseudocolochirus Pearson, 1910 is cor- rect, but the differences between Koehleria and Pseudocolochirus are too small to justify the reten- tion of Koehleria. Koehleria is relegated herein to the synonymy of Pseudocolochirus. Such a step decreases the velocity with which monotypic genera are currently described within the Dendrochi- rotida. Key words: Holothuroidea; Cucumariidae; Koehleria; Pseudocolochirus; P. unica. comb. nov. Introduction The past quarter century has witnessed a considerable increase in knowledge of the biodi- versity of the shallow-water (up to 50 m depth) holothuroids of southern Africa (Thandar 1977, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987a, b, 1989a, b, c, 1990, 1991, 1994, 1996, 2001; Thandar & Rowe 1989; Rajpal & Thandar 1998, 1999; Thandar & Rajpal 1999; Samyn 2003; Samyn & Thandar 2003a, b; Samyn & Massin 2003; Thandar & Natasen Moodley 2003; Massin et al.
    [Show full text]
  • The Holothuroidea Collected by the Royal Society Expedition to Southern Chile, 1958-1959
    The Holothuroidea Collected by the Royal Society Expedition to Southern Chile, 1958-1959 D.1. P AWSO N l ABSTRACT : The holothurians collected by the Royal Society Expedi tion to south­ ern Chile, totalling 180 specimens, are described . Ten genera (of which one is new) and ten species are represented. N eopsolidium n.g., type species Psolidium con­ vergens (Herouard), is erected to accommodate those species in the genus Psolidium (sensu lato) in which the dorsal plates are reduced to a diameter of about 0.4 mm . Th e holorhurian fauna of southern Chile is generalised, containing few restricted species, and sharing many elements with distant subantarc tic islands and with Antarct ica. DURINGlate 1958 and early 1959 an expedition and Deichmann (1947) have provided a clear sponsored-by. the Royal Society carri ed Out ma­ picture of the composition of the fauna. It is rin e and terrestrial observations and collections unlikely that many new shallow-water species in southern Chile. Stations were established in will be taken from this region. three separate areas, namely: I am grateful for the opportunity to study this most interesting collection, and I would like to 1. Isla Chiloe (approx. 42 ° S) thank Prof. G. A. Knox and the Royal Society 2. Puerto Eden to Punta Arenas (approx. forrnakingrhis materialavailable to me. 49 ° S to 52° S) 3. Isla Navarino and southern regions (a p­ prox. 55° S) . LIST OFSPE CIES COLLECTED Ord er Den drochirotida These three areas, considered together, were ex­ pected to provide a good picture of the changes Family Phyllophoridae in flora and fauna along the Patagonian coast­ Subfamily Thyonidiinae Heding and Pan­ line.
    [Show full text]
  • Echinodermata: the Complex Immune System in Echinoderms
    Echinodermata: The Complex Immune System in Echinoderms L. Courtney Smith, Vincenzo Arizza, Megan A. Barela Hudgell, Gianpaolo Barone, Andrea G. Bodnar, Katherine M. Buckley, Vincenzo Cunsolo, Nolwenn M. Dheilly, Nicola Franchi, Sebastian D. Fugmann, Ryohei Furukawa, Jose Garcia-Arraras, John H. Henson, Taku Hibino, Zoe H. Irons, Chun Li, Cheng Man Lun, Audrey J. Majeske, Matan Oren, Patrizia Pagliara, Annalisa Pinsino, David A. Raftos, Jonathan P. Rast, Bakary Samasa, Domenico Schillaci, Catherine S. Schrankel, Loredana Stabili, Klara Stensväg, and Elisse Sutton Echinoderm Life History and Phylogeny Echinoderms are benthic marine invertebrates living in communities ranging from shallow nearshore waters to the abyssal depths. Often members of this phylum are top predators or herbivores that shape and/or control the ecological characteristics All co-authors contributed equally to this chapter and are listed in alphabetical order. L. C. Smith (*) · M. A. Barela Hudgell · K. M. Buckley Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA e-mail: [email protected] V. Arizza · G. Barone · D. Schillaci Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy A. G. Bodnar Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, St. George’s Island, Bermuda Gloucester Marine Genomics Institute, Gloucester, MA, USA V. Cunsolo Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy N. M. Dheilly School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA N. Franchi Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 409 E. L. Cooper (ed.), Advances in Comparative Immunology, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76768-0_13 410 L.
    [Show full text]