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Effect of Knowledge from Mother on Exclusive Breastfeeding in Infants Aged 6 to 9 Months in Langsa City

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Effect of Knowledge from Mother on Exclusive Breastfeeding in Infants Aged 6 to 9 Months in Langsa City International Journal of Research and Review Vol.7; Issue: 12; December 2020 Website: www.ijrrjournal.com Research Paper E-ISSN: 2349-9788; P-ISSN: 2454-2237 Effect of Knowledge from Mother on Exclusive Breastfeeding in Infants Aged 6 to 9 Months in Langsa City Yuthia Fadhilla1, Zulhaida Lubis2, Etti Sudaryati3 1,2,3Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia Corresponding Author: Yuthia Fadhilla ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION In line with the 2030 sustainable In line with the 2030 sustainable development development goals (SDGs), breastfeeding is goals (SDGs), breastfeeding is one of the first one of the first steps for a human being to steps for a human being to get a healthy and get a healthy and prosperous life. prosperous life. Unfortunately, not everyone Unfortunately, not everyone knows this. In knows this. In several developed and developing countries including Indonesia, many carrier several developed and developing countries mothers do not breastfeed exclusively. It was including Indonesia, many career mothers found in Indonesia that almost nine out of ten do not breastfeed exclusively. It was found mothers had given breast milk (ASI), but the in Indonesia that almost nine out of ten IDAI study found that only 49.8 percent gave mothers had given breast milk (ASI), but the exclusive breastfeeding for six months as IDAI study found that only 49.8 percent recommended by the World Health gave exclusive breastfeeding for six months Organization (WHO). The research objective as recommended by the World Health was to describe the mother's knowledge of Organization (WHO). exclusive breastfeeding. This type of research is Breastfeeding is one of the best analytic observational with a case control investments for survival and improving the research design (case control). Subjects consisted of cases and controls with a ratio of health, social and economic development of 1:1. The sample consisted of 74 cases and 74 individuals and nations. Although the rate of controls. The case sample is mothers who have breastfeeding initiation globally is relatively babies aged 6 to 9 months and give exclusive high, only 40 percent of all babies under six breastfeeding and the control sample is other months are exclusively breastfed and 45 mothers who give non-exclusive breastfeeding. percent are breastfed until the age of The results of the bivariate test with chi square twenty-four months (Kemenkes, 2019). obtained a significant effect on the knowledge Breast milk is the secretion of the of mothers about exclusive breastfeeding. It is mother's breast glands. Meanwhile, suggested for the government agencies of the exclusive breastfeeding is breast milk given Health Service to make this research the basis of to babies from birth for six months without policy formulation regarding the knowledge of mothers about breastfeeding that can be further adding and/or replacing them with other improved through counseling and public service foods or drinks. Every mother who gives advertisements so that it will increase the birth must provide exclusive breastfeeding knowledge of mothers about exclusive to the baby she is born with, and this does breastfeeding and it is hoped that behavior not apply if there are medical indications, changes will occur. the mother is absent or the mother is separated from the baby (PP No.33/2012). Keywords: Knowledge, Breast Milk, Exclusive International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 297 Vol.7; Issue: 12; December 2020 Yuthia Fadhilla et.al. Effect of knowledge from mother on exclusive breastfeeding in infants aged 6 to 9 months in Langsa City. Exclusive breastfeeding has many breastfeeding is one of the most effective benefits for babies, including protection health interventions to prevent cases of from gastrointestinal infections, getting a diarrhea in infants and prevent diarrhea- complete source of nutrition, getting early induced deaths (Horton, 1996). immunization to increase immunity or The results of research in 111 cities immunity, reducing the death rate caused by in Brazil show that only 13.9 percent of various diseases that commonly affect babies are given exclusive breastfeeding infants and toddlers, and accelerating (Venancio, 2005). A cohort study of recovery when sick. In addition, breastfeeding practices conducted in breastfeeding can increase intelligence Zhejiang Province, an eastern coastal region including spiritual intelligence, strengthen of China, in which 1,520 mothers gave birth emotional ties with mothers, maintain the to four hospitals located in suburban and growth and development of the baby's brain rural areas in 2004-2005 showed that only (Asiah, 2016). 50.3 percent of mothers gave exclusive Some study data and global facts in breastfeeding to their babies (Qiu, 2009). The Lancet Breastfeeding Series in 2016 The results of research in Uganda in prove that exclusive breastfeeding reduces August 2008 showed that 49.8 percent of the mortality rate due to infection by 88 mothers exclusively breastfed their babies percent in babies aged less than three for six months (Petit, 2008). Studies in months. Furthermore, several studies stated Nigeria as cited by Petit (2008) show that that in efforts to prevent low birth weight the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (LBW), stunting and increasing early for six months is 49.8 percent. A study in initiation of breastfeeding (IMD) and Pennsylvania showed that although the exclusive breastfeeding contribute to behavior of mothers giving breast milk to reducing the risk of obesity and chronic their babies was quite high, namely 59.7 disease. Breastfeeding not only reduces percent, only 13 percent of mothers gave infant mortality, but also can reduce the risk exclusive breastfeeding until the baby was of obesity by 10 percent (The Lancet, 2016). six months old (Arora, 2011 in Ida, 2012). According to UNICEF, more than The results of Yuanta (2018) study half of all newborn babies in the world are concluded that out of all toddlers who get not breastfed in the first hours of life, exclusive breastfeeding, on average, a lot of leaving them vulnerable to disease and them are with normal nutritional status, death. Delaying exclusive breastfeeding while toddlers with a history of not getting between two to twenty three hours after exclusive breastfeeding tend to be many delivery can increase the risk of infant death with poor nutritional status. From the results in the first month by 40 percent and of his research, Yuanta also explained that delaying breastfeeding for more than 24 there was a relationship between feeding hours can increase the risk of death by 80 parenting styles and health attention to the percent (UNICEF, 2016). incidence of malnutrition with a value of The results of a study in Brazil show p=0.000 and p=0.002. that increasing the prevalence of exclusive Argianti research (2017) in Baki breastfeeding can substantially reduce infant District, Sukoharjo Regency found that the mortality and morbidity. In that study percentage of non-exclusive breastfeeding estimates of the costs and impacts of three was 79.4 percent and poor parenting was breastfeeding promotion programs 57.1 percent. According to Argianti (2017) implemented through maternity services in the cause of mothers not exclusively Brazil, Honduras and Mexico were used to breastfeeding, among others, is that they develop cost-effectiveness measures have given formula milk at the beginning of compared to other interventions. The results the baby's birth and have given formula showed that investing in the promotion of milk when the baby is invited to travel International Journal of Research and Review (ijrrjournal.com) 298 Vol.7; Issue: 12; December 2020 Yuthia Fadhilla et.al. Effect of knowledge from mother on exclusive breastfeeding in infants aged 6 to 9 months in Langsa City. before the age of six months. Several Acehnese ceremonies that are carried out conditions caused respondents not to after a mother gives birth. Peucicap babies exclusively breastfeed and forced to give are introduced to several food flavors for the formula milk to their babies, such as babies first time, such as sour, salty and sweet. born prematurely, born early, mothers This tradition is like training for babies to be unable to express breast milk and mothers able to distinguish between one taste and who work so they do not have time to another. The introduction of sweetness to breastfeed their babies. Another factor that babies according to Acehnese customs is may cause the mother not to exclusively very important. Giving a sweet taste breastfeed is the mother's health condition. contains the hope that when the child grows Based on the results of research by up, the child will have good morals which is Nurunniyah (2017) which examines represented by sweetness. The sweet taste parenting patterns which include who is the for the peucicap tradition can come from caregiver of the child and the availability of dates, honey, sugar cane or from the juice of time to care for children with exclusive fruits such as sapodilla (anchor), grapes or breastfeeding, it is known that mothers who jackfruit. Can also give the baby's tongue are the primary caregivers of children sugar, srikaya fruit or other foods that taste mostly provide exclusive breastfeeding, as sweet and are soft. Peucicap can also be many as 123 people (48.8 percent) whereas made using zam-zam water for families who if the other primary caregiver did not can afford it. There is also the peucicap exclusively breastfeed, 28 people (70 tradition of feeding water a mixture of rice, percent). The results of statistical tests sugar and salt with the hope of the child's showed a significant relationship between welfare and success throughout the life of the child's primary caregiver and exclusive the child. breastfeeding (p=0.019). The results of the Based on the above phenomena, the analysis also showed that caregivers of birth purpose of this study was to describe the mothers and exclusive breastfeeding were mother's knowledge of exclusive 40 percent and caregivers who were not breastfeeding.
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