Prepared Culture Media
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Meningitis Manual Text
Laboratory Methods for the Diagnosis of MENINGITIS Caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae Centers for Disease Control and Prevention August, 1998 Laboratory Methods for the Diagnosis of Meningitis Caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………… 1 Acknowledgments ……………………………………………………………………….. 2 I. Epidemiology of Meningitis Caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae,…………………………………………… 3 II. General Considerations ......................................................................................................... 5 A. Record Keeping ................................................................................................................... 5 III. Collection and Transport of Clinical Specimens ................................................................... 6 A. Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)............................................................................... 6 A1. Lumbar Puncture ................................................................................................... 6 B. Collection of Blood .............................................................................................................. 7 B1. Precautions ............................................................................................................ 7 B2. Sensitivity of Blood Cultures ................................................................................ -
Enterobacteriaceae Family (CRE), Is of Utmost Importance for the Enterobacteriaceae Management of Infected Or Colonized Patients
2013 iMedPub Journals THE INTERNATIONAL ARABIC JOURNAL Vol. 3 No. 3:5 Our Site: http://www.imedpub.com/ OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS doi: 10.3823/737 Evaluation of Rula Al-Dawodi1,3, Rawan Liddawi1,3, Raed Ghneim1,3, Randa Kattan1,3, Issa Siryani1,3, Afaf Abu-Diab1, Riyad Meropenem, Ghneim1, Madeleine Zoughbi1,3, Abed-El-Razeq Issa1,3, Randa Al Qass1,3, Sultan Turkuman1, Hiyam Marzouqa1, and Imipenem and Musa Hindiyeh1,2,3* Ertapenem 1 Caritas Baby Hospital, 3 Palestinian Forum for Medical * Correspondence: Bethlehem, Palestine; Research (PFMR), Ramallah, Impregnated 2 Bethlehem University, Palestine Bethlehem, Palestine; [email protected] MacConkey * Musa Y Hindiyeh, Caritas Baby Hospital Bethlehem Agar Plates for Palestine. the Detection of Carbapenem Abstract Resistant Background: Rapid detection of carbapenem resistant bacteria, in particular, members of the Enterobacteriaceae family (CRE), is of utmost importance for the Enterobacteriaceae management of infected or colonized patients. Methods: Three carbapenems; meropenem, imipenem and ertapenem, with two different concentrations (0.5 mg/ml and 1.0 mg/ml), were impregnated in Mac- Conkey agar. The carbapenem impregnated MacConkey agar plates; ([Mac-Mem], [Mac-Imp] and [Mac-Ert]), were then evaluated for the detection of carbapenem resistant Gram-negative bacteria in particular the blaKPC producing Enterobacteria- ceae. The Limit of Detection (LOD) of the plates was determined in triplicate after serial logarithmic dilution of the bacterial strains in saline. This was followed by inoculating the plates and counting the colonies that grew after 24 hours of incu- bation. The specificity and the shelf-life of the plates were determined by testing the plates with six Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing members of the Enterobacteriaceae family and one genus with the blaAmpC phenotype. -
Chocolate Agar Plate MP103 Intended Use for Isolation of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae from Chronic and Acute Gonococcal Infections
Chocolate Agar Plate MP103 Intended use For isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from chronic and acute gonococcal infections. Composition** Ingredients Gms / Litre Proteose peptone 20.000 Dextrose 0.500 Sodium chloride 5.000 Disodium phosphate 5.000 Agar 15.000 After sterilization Sterile Lysed blood (at 80°C) 50.000 Vitamino Growth Supplement (FD025) 2 vials Final pH ( at 25°C) 7.3±0.2 **Formula adjusted, standardized to suit performance parameters Directions Either streak, inoculate or surface spread the test inoculum (50-100 CFU) aseptically on the plate. Principle And Interpretation Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a gram-negative bacteria and the causative agent of gonorrhea, however it is also occasionally found in the throat. The cultivation medium for gonococci should ideally be a rich nutrients base with blood, either partially lysed or completely lysed. The diagnosis and control of gonorrhea have been greatly facilitated by improved laboratory methods for detecting, isolating and studying N. gonorrhoeae. Chocolate Agar Base, with the addition of supplements, gives excellent growth of the gonococcus without overgrowth by contaminating organisms. G.C. Agar (M434) can also be used in place of Chocolate Agar Base, which gives slightly better results than Chocolate Agar (4). The diagnosis and control of gonorrhea have been greatly facilitated by improved laboratory methods for detecting, isolating and studying N. gonorrhoea. Interest in the cultural procedure for the diagnosis of gonococcal infection was stimulated by Ruys and Jens (9), Mcleod and co-workers (8), Thompson (7), Leahy and Carpenter (1), Carpenter, Leahy and Wilson (2) and Carpenter (10), who clearly demonstrated the superiority of this method over the microscopic technique. -
Dehydrated Culture Media
Dehydrated Culture Media Manufactured by Dehydrated Culture Media Table of Contents 4 CRITERION™ Products 12 Supplements and Antibiotics 13 CRITERION™ Agarose for Gel Electrophoresis Dehydrated Culture Media ™ TM Hardy Diagnostics’ dehydrated culture media, CRITERION , is formulated to meet or exceed the highest quality standards. DEHYDRATED CULTURE MEDIA Choose from 250 standard formulas or request custom blending to your specifications. The innovative packaging designs and overall reliability makeCRITERION ™ the logical choice for culture media in your laboratory. FEATURES & BENEFITS Hand Grip Convenient hand-grip design features finger indentations to allow for easy and safe handling of the bottle. Induction Seal Gray Jar Pull-off induction seal prevents moisture from clumping the media, keeping it fresh and dry. Opaque gray jar diminishes Wide Mouth Opening light penetration, • Allows for easy access to use a scoop when prolonging superior measuring the powder. performance and • Prevents inhalation hazards and reduces shelf life. hazardous dust formations. • No more shaking the bottle to dispense the media. Desiccant Pack A silica gel pack is included in each bottle to prevent clumping. Reusable Seal A built-in cushion seal inside the lid prevents moisture from entering the previously opened container. 1 UNPARALLELED PERFORMANCE Every formulation and lot is thoroughly tested for optimal growth characteristics. WIDE MOUTH OPENING Scooping media from the wide mouth bottle, instead of pouring and shaking, reduces dangerous dust formation CONVENIENT SIZES Packaged in four standard sizes to fit your needs: • 2 liter Mylar® bag (pre-measured to make 2 liters of culture media) • 500gm bottle • 2kg buckets with locking screw top lid • 10kg buckets with locking screw top lid STACKABLE Bottles and buckets have a nesting design and are stackable for efficient and economical storage. -
Dehydrated Culture Media Description Packaging Ref
Product Catalogue 2016 © Liofilchem® s.r.l. Clinical and Industrial Microbiology Est. 1983 Dehydrated Culture Media Description Packaging Ref. A1 Medium APHA 500 g 610105 Basal liquid medium for fecal coliforms detection in water and food. 100 g 620105 TRITON X 100 supplement 5x5 mL 80046 Acetamide Agar 500 g 610312 Medium for differentiation of nonfermentative, Gram-negative bacteria, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, on the basis of acetamide utilization. Acetamide Broth 500 g 610313 Broth for the differentiation of nonfermentative, Gram-negative bacteria, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, on the basis of acetamide utilization. Aeromonas Agar Base 500 g 610048 Basal medium for selective isolation of Aeromonas spp. 100 g 620048 Ampicillin supplement 10 vials 81001 Alkaline Peptone Water APHA 500 g 610098 Liquid enrichment medium for Vibrio spp. isolation. 100 g 620098 Amies Transport Medium (with charcoal) 500 g 610152 Semi-solid medium for transport of clinical, environmental specimens and of 100 g 620152 microorganisms. 5 kg 6101525 Amies Transport Medium (w/o charcoal) 500 g 610191 Semi-solid medium for transport of clinical, environmental specimens and of 100 g 620191 microorganisms. 5 kg 6101915 Anaerobic Agar (Brewer) 500 g 610320 Medium for cultivating anaerobic microorganisms. Andrade Lactose Peptone Water 500 g 610118 Liquid medium for coliforms detection with andrade's indicator. 100 g 620118 Andrade Peptone Water 500 g 610119 Liquid enrichment medium with andrade's indicator. 100 g 620119 Antibiotic Agar No.1 E.P. 500 g 610314 Surface medium for the antibiotic assay by Agar-diffusion method. Antibiotic Broth No.3 U.S.P. 500 g 610316 Broth for turbidimetric assay of antibiotics. -
Bile Esculin Agar
BILE ESCULIN AGAR INTENDED USE Remel Bile Esculin Agar is a solid medium recommended for use in qualitative procedures for the presumptive identification of group D streptococci and enterococci. SUMMARY AND EXPLANATION Rochaix first demonstrated the value of esculin hydrolysis for identification of enterococci.1 Meyer et al. found that 61 of 62 strains of enterococci hydrolyzed esculin in a medium containing bile.2 Swan determined that positive results obtained on esculin agar containing 40% bile correlated well with serologically confirmed group D streptococci.3 Using Swan’s formula, Facklam and Moody tested over 700 strains of streptococci and enterococci representing all known serological groups and found all strains to be bile-resistant and esculin-positive. PRINCIPLE Group D streptococci and enterococci hydrolyze esculin in the presence of bile to form esculetin and dextrose. Esculetin reacts with ferric ions supplied by ferric ammonium citrate to form brown-black colonies on Bile Esculin Agar. Oxgall in a concentration of 4% (equivalent to 40% bile) inhibits most strains of streptococci and enterococci other than group D. REAGENTS (CLASSICAL FORMULA)* Oxgall (40% Bile) ............................................................ 40.0 g Esculin...............................................................................1.0 g Gelatin Peptone ................................................................ 5.0 g Ferric Ammonium Citrate...................................................0.5 g Beef Extract....................................................................... 3.0 g Agar.................................................................................15.0 g Demineralized Water...................................................1000.0 ml pH 6.8 ± 0.2 @ 25°C *Adjusted as required to meet performance standards. PRECAUTIONS This product is For Laboratory Use only. It is not intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions. PREPARATION OF DEHYDRATED CULTURE MEDIUM 1. Suspend 64 g of medium in 1000 ml of demineralized water. -
Multicellular Oxidant Defense in Unicellular Organisms MUCHOU MA and JOHN W
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 89, pp. 7924-7928, September 1992 Microbiology Multicellular oxidant defense in unicellular organisms MUCHOU MA AND JOHN W. EATON* Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Albany Medical College, A-81, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208 Communicated by David W. Talmage, May 8, 1992 ABSTRACT Although catalase is thought to be a major MATERIALS AND METHODS defense against hydrogen peroxide (H202), the catalase activity Reagents. Brain heart infusion broth, Todd-Hewitt broth, within individual Escherichia coil fails to protect against ex- Lennox L agar (LB agar), and Bactoagar were obtained from ogenous H202. Contrary to earlier reports, we find that dilute GIBCO/BRL. The bicinchoninic acid protein microassay suspensions, of wild-type and catalase-deficient E. colt are was from Pierce. All other enzymes and chemicals were identical in their sensitivity to H202, perhaps because even purchased from Sigma. wild-type, catalase-positive E. colU cannot maintain an inter- Bacterial Strains and Culture Conditions. A catalase- nal/externail concentration gradient of this highly diffusible deficient mutant strain of E. coli K-12 [UM1, hereafter, oxidant. However, concentrated suspensions or colonies of cat(-)] and its parent wild-type [CSH7, hereafter cat(+)] (17) catalase-positive E. colt do preferentially survive H202 chal- were provided by P. C. Loewen (University ofManitoba). E. lenge and can even cross-protect adjacent catalase-deficient coli were grown statically in brain heart infusion broth or M9 organisms. Furthermore, high-density catalase-positive-but minimal salts medium supplemented with 10 mM glucose not catalase-negative-E. colt can survive and multiply in the (M9/glucose) (25) at 370C in room air overnight (18-20 hr) to presence of competitive, peroxide-generating streptococci. -
Evaluating Historical Paradigms of Sterility in Perinatal Microbiology and Ramifications Orf Pregnancy Outcomes
Wayne State University Wayne State University Dissertations January 2020 Evaluating Historical Paradigms Of Sterility In Perinatal Microbiology And Ramifications orF Pregnancy Outcomes Jonathan Greenberg Wayne State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations Part of the Microbiology Commons, and the Obstetrics and Gynecology Commons Recommended Citation Greenberg, Jonathan, "Evaluating Historical Paradigms Of Sterility In Perinatal Microbiology And Ramifications orF Pregnancy Outcomes" (2020). Wayne State University Dissertations. 2468. https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/2468 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@WayneState. It has been accepted for inclusion in Wayne State University Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@WayneState. EVALUATING HISTORICAL PARADIGMS OF STERILITY IN PERINATAL MICROBIOLOGY AND RAMIFICATIONS FOR PREGNANCY OUTCOMES by JONATHAN MURRAY GREENBERG DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate School of Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY 2020 MAJOR: BIOCHEMISTRY, MICROBIOLOGY, & IMMUNOLOGY Approved by: Advisor Date DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my parents and sister, who have all been immeasurably supportive over my graduate career and more importantly my entire life. I could not have done this without you. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There is no way for me to express fully my sincere gratitude to all the individuals who have had an impact on my life and throughout my time here at Wayne State. None of it would have been possible without Dr. Kevin Theis. Rotating in his lab was one of the best decisions of my life and quite literally got me to where I am. -
Macconkey Agar, CS, Product Information
MacCONKEY AGAR, CS (7391) Intended Use MacConkey Agar, CS is used for the isolation and differentiation of Gram-negative enteric bacilli from specimens containing swarming strains of Proteus spp. in a laboratory setting. MacConkey Agar, CS is not intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions in humans Product Summary and Explanation MacConkey Agar is based on the bile salt-neutral red-lactose agar of MacConkey.1 The original MacConkey medium was used to differentiate strains of Salmonella typhosa from members of the coliform group. Formula modifications improved growth of Shigella and Salmonella strains. These modifications include the addition of 0.5% sodium chloride, decreased agar content, altered bile salts, and neutral red concentrations. The formula modifications improved differential reactions between enteric pathogens and coliforms. MacConkey Agar, CS (“Controlled Swarming”) contains carefully selected raw materials to reduce swarming of Proteus spp., which could cause difficulty in isolating and enumerating other Gram-negative bacilli. Principles of the Procedure Enzymatic Digest of Gelatin, Enzymatic Digest of Casein, and Enzymatic Digest of Animal Tissue are the nitrogen and vitamin sources in MacConkey Agar, CS. Lactose is the fermentable carbohydrate. During Lactose fermentation a local pH drop around the colony causes a color change in the pH indicator, Neutral Red, and bile precipitation. Bile Salts and Crystal Violet are the selective agents, inhibiting Gram-positive cocci and allowing Gram-negative organisms to grow. Sodium Chloride maintains the osmotic environment. Agar is the solidifying agent. Formula / Liter Enzymatic Digest of Gelatin .................................................... 17 g Enzymatic Digest of Casein ................................................... 1.5 g Enzymatic Digest of Animal Tissue....................................... -
Francisella Tularensis 6/06 Tularemia Is a Commonly Acquired Laboratory Colony Morphology Infection; All Work on Suspect F
Francisella tularensis 6/06 Tularemia is a commonly acquired laboratory Colony Morphology infection; all work on suspect F. tularensis cultures .Aerobic, fastidious, requires cysteine for growth should be performed at minimum under BSL2 .Grows poorly on Blood Agar (BA) conditions with BSL3 practices. .Chocolate Agar (CA): tiny, grey-white, opaque A colonies, 1-2 mm ≥48hr B .Cysteine Heart Agar (CHA): greenish-blue colonies, 2-4 mm ≥48h .Colonies are butyrous and smooth Gram Stain .Tiny, 0.2–0.7 μm pleomorphic, poorly stained gram-negative coccobacilli .Mostly single cells Growth on BA (A) 48 h, (B) 72 h Biochemical/Test Reactions .Oxidase: Negative A B .Catalase: Weak positive .Urease: Negative Additional Information .Can be misidentified as: Haemophilus influenzae, Actinobacillus spp. by automated ID systems .Infective Dose: 10 colony forming units Biosafety Level 3 agent (once Francisella tularensis is . Growth on CA (A) 48 h, (B) 72 h suspected, work should only be done in a certified Class II Biosafety Cabinet) .Transmission: Inhalation, insect bite, contact with tissues or bodily fluids of infected animals .Contagious: No Acceptable Specimen Types .Tissue biopsy .Whole blood: 5-10 ml blood in EDTA, and/or Inoculated blood culture bottle Swab of lesion in transport media . Gram stain Sentinel Laboratory Rule-Out of Francisella tularensis Oxidase Little to no growth on BA >48 h Small, grey-white opaque colonies on CA after ≥48 h at 35/37ºC Positive Weak Negative Positive Catalase Tiny, pleomorphic, faintly stained, gram-negative coccobacilli (red, round, and random) Perform all additional work in a certified Class II Positive Biosafety Cabinet Weak Negative Positive *Oxidase: Negative Urease *Catalase: Weak positive *Urease: Negative *Oxidase, Catalase, and Urease: Appearances of test results are not agent-specific. -
Genital Brucella Suis Biovar 2 Infection of Wild Boar (Sus Scrofa) Hunted in Tuscany (Italy)
microorganisms Article Genital Brucella suis Biovar 2 Infection of Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Hunted in Tuscany (Italy) Giovanni Cilia * , Filippo Fratini , Barbara Turchi, Marta Angelini, Domenico Cerri and Fabrizio Bertelloni Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; fi[email protected] (F.F.); [email protected] (B.T.); [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (D.C.); [email protected] (F.B.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Brucellosis is a zoonosis caused by different Brucella species. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) could be infected by some species and represents an important reservoir, especially for B. suis biovar 2. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Brucella spp. by serological and molecular assays in wild boar hunted in Tuscany (Italy) during two hunting seasons. From 287 animals, sera, lymph nodes, livers, spleens, and reproductive system organs were collected. Within sera, 16 (5.74%) were positive to both rose bengal test (RBT) and complement fixation test (CFT), with titres ranging from 1:4 to 1:16 (corresponding to 20 and 80 ICFTU/mL, respectively). Brucella spp. DNA was detected in four lymph nodes (1.40%), five epididymides (1.74%), and one fetus pool (2.22%). All positive PCR samples belonged to Brucella suis biovar 2. The results of this investigation confirmed that wild boar represents a host for B. suis biovar. 2 and plays an important role in the epidemiology of brucellosis in central Italy. Additionally, epididymis localization confirms the possible venereal transmission. Citation: Cilia, G.; Fratini, F.; Turchi, B.; Angelini, M.; Cerri, D.; Bertelloni, Keywords: Brucella suis biovar 2; wild boar; surveillance; epidemiology; reproductive system F. -
Pocket Guide to Clinical Microbiology
4TH EDITION Pocket Guide to Clinical Microbiology Christopher D. Doern 4TH EDITION POCKET GUIDE TO Clinical Microbiology 4TH EDITION POCKET GUIDE TO Clinical Microbiology Christopher D. Doern, PhD, D(ABMM) Assistant Professor, Pathology Director of Clinical Microbiology Virginia Commonwealth University Health System Medical College of Virginia Campus Washington, DC Copyright © 2018 Amer i can Society for Microbiology. All rights re served. No part of this publi ca tion may be re pro duced or trans mit ted in whole or in part or re used in any form or by any means, elec tronic or me chan i cal, in clud ing pho to copy ing and re cord ing, or by any in for ma tion stor age and re trieval sys tem, with out per mis sion in writ ing from the pub lish er. Disclaimer: To the best of the pub lish er’s knowl edge, this pub li ca tion pro vi des in for ma tion con cern ing the sub ject mat ter cov ered that is ac cu rate as of the date of pub li ca tion. The pub lisher is not pro vid ing le gal, med i cal, or other pro fes sional ser vices. Any ref er ence herein to any spe cific com mer cial prod ucts, pro ce dures, or ser vices by trade name, trade mark, man u fac turer, or oth er wise does not con sti tute or im ply en dorse ment, rec om men da tion, or fa vored sta tus by the Ameri can Society for Microbiology (ASM).