352 Publisher Department of Teacher Education Heikki Ruismäki & Inkeri Ruokonen Faculty of Behavioural Sciences P.O. Box 9 FI-00014 University of Helsinki http://hdl.handle.net/10138/44696 Heikki Ruismäki & Inkeri Ruokonen (Eds.) (Eds.) : Voices for Tomorrow Voices for Tomorrow Sixth International Journal of Intercultural Arts Education ISBN 978-952-10-9527-6 Unigrafia Helsinki 2014 Research Report 352 Editorial Board: Markku Hannula Jarkko Hautamäki Heini-Marja Järvinen Arto Kallioniemi Leena Krokfors Kristiina Kumpulainen Jari Lavonen (Chairperson) Lasse Lipponen Kirsti Lonka Jukka Rantala Heikki Ruismäki Liisa Tainio Sirpa Tani Kirsi Tirri Anna Uitto Kari Perenius (Secretary) Department of Teacher Education: P.O. Box 9 (Siltavuorenpenger 5A) 00014 Helsingin yliopisto Phone + 358 9 191 29603 Fax + 358 9 191 29611 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/44696 Research Report 352 ISBN 978-952-10-9527–6 (nid) ISBN 978-952-10-9528–3 (pdf) ISSN 1799-2508 Voices for Tomorrow Helsinki 2014 Research Report 352 Heikki Ruismäki & Inkeri Ruokonen (Eds.) Voices for Tomorrow Sixth International Journal of Intercultural Arts Education Helsinki 2014 International scientific committee and editorial board: Professor Eeva Anttila, Theatre Academy, Finland Professor Nellija Bogdanova, Daugavpils University, Latvia Assistant professor Eddy K.M. Chong, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Assistant professor Ming-Jen Chuang, National Taichung University, Taiwan Professor Jelena Davidova, Daugavpils University, Latvia Professor Maija Fredrikson, University of Oulu, Finland Professor David Hargreaves, Roehampton University, Great Britain Dr. Senior researcher Marja Heimonen, Sibelius Academy, Finland Professor Ulla Härkönen, Eastern Finland University, Finland Professor Antti Juvonen, Eastern Finland University, Finland Adjunct Professor Kalle Juuti, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Raimo Kaasila, University of Oulu, Finland Ass.professor Kristi Kiilu, Estonian Music and Theatre Academy, Estonia Adjunct Professor Elina Kontu, University of Helsinki, Finland Ph.D. Heidi Krzywacki, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Lauri Laakso, Jyväskylä University, Finland Professor Jari Lavonen, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Kimmo Lehtonen, University of Turku, Finland Professor Raymond Mac Donald, Glasgow Caledonian University, Scotland Professor Mara Marnauza, Riga Teacher training and Educational Manage- ment Academy, Latvia PhD Kaarina Marjanen, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Martti Raevaara, Aalto University, Finland Professor Heikki Ruismäki, University of Helsinki, Finland Adjunct professor Inkeri Ruokonen, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Tiina Selke, Tallinn University, Estonia Professor Stefanie Stadler Elmer, University of Zürich, Switzerland Professor Leida Talts, Tallinn University, Estonia Adjunct professor Auli Toom, University of Helsinki, Finland Adjunct professor Marjatta Takala, University of Helsinki, Finland Adjunct professor Tapio Toivanen, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Rytis Urniezius, Siauliai University, Lithuania Professor Angela Uttke, Technical University of Berlin, Germany Professor Therese Quinn, Art Institute of Chicago, USA Susan Young, University of Exeter, Great Britain Professor Lauri Väkevä, Sibelius Academy, Finland Dr. Lorna Wanzel, President of Canadian Federation of Music Teachers’ As- sociation ISBN 978-952-10-9527–6 (nid) ISBN 978-952-10-9528–3 (pdf) ISSN 1799-2508 Unigrafia 2014 Voices for Tomorrow Helsinki 2014 Research Report 352 Heikki Ruismäki & Inkeri Ruokonen (Eds.) Voices for Tomorrow Sixth International Journal of Intercultural Arts Education Helsinki 2014 International scientific committee and editorial board: Professor Eeva Anttila, Theatre Academy, Finland Professor Nellija Bogdanova, Daugavpils University, Latvia Assistant professor Eddy K.M. Chong, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Assistant professor Ming-Jen Chuang, National Taichung University, Taiwan Professor Jelena Davidova, Daugavpils University, Latvia Professor Maija Fredrikson, University of Oulu, Finland Professor David Hargreaves, Roehampton University, Great Britain Dr. Senior researcher Marja Heimonen, Sibelius Academy, Finland Professor Ulla Härkönen, Eastern Finland University, Finland Professor Antti Juvonen, Eastern Finland University, Finland Adjunct Professor Kalle Juuti, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Raimo Kaasila, University of Oulu, Finland Ass.professor Kristi Kiilu, Estonian Music and Theatre Academy, Estonia Adjunct Professor Elina Kontu, University of Helsinki, Finland Ph.D. Heidi Krzywacki, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Lauri Laakso, Jyväskylä University, Finland Professor Jari Lavonen, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Kimmo Lehtonen, University of Turku, Finland Professor Raymond Mac Donald, Glasgow Caledonian University, Scotland Professor Mara Marnauza, Riga Teacher training and Educational Manage- ment Academy, Latvia PhD Kaarina Marjanen, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Martti Raevaara, Aalto University, Finland Professor Heikki Ruismäki, University of Helsinki, Finland Adjunct professor Inkeri Ruokonen, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Tiina Selke, Tallinn University, Estonia Professor Stefanie Stadler Elmer, University of Zürich, Switzerland Professor Leida Talts, Tallinn University, Estonia Adjunct professor Auli Toom, University of Helsinki, Finland Adjunct professor Marjatta Takala, University of Helsinki, Finland Adjunct professor Tapio Toivanen, University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Rytis Urniezius, Siauliai University, Lithuania Professor Angela Uttke, Technical University of Berlin, Germany Professor Therese Quinn, Art Institute of Chicago, USA Susan Young, University of Exeter, Great Britain Professor Lauri Väkevä, Sibelius Academy, Finland Dr. Lorna Wanzel, President of Canadian Federation of Music Teachers’ As- sociation ISBN 978-952-10-9527–6 (nid) ISBN 978-952-10-9528–3 (pdf) ISSN 1799-2508 Unigrafia 2014 Voices for Tomorrow: Sixth International Journal of Intercultural Arts Education Preface and introduction The Sixth Intercultural Conference in Arts and Skills Education was held on October 18, 2013 at the University of Helsinki. The Conference was organ- ised by the Department of Applied Sciences of Education, the Research Group for Education, and the Arts and Cultures Department of the University of Helsinki. The theme of the Conference was Voices for Tomorrow. The main areas of discussion under the theme were learning through, in, and about the arts, early childhood arts education and arts education in schools, and arts as a transmitter of cultural diversity. At the Conference, the 125th anniversary of Finnish kindergarten work and early childhood education was actively celebrated. “Voices for Tomorrow in Finland” was part of a larger European project initiated by the Interna- tional Yehudi Menuhin Foundation. The actions planned within this pro- gramme aim at changing society through arts and creativity. The purpose of this method is to open and broaden creative abilities through creative group work. Before the day of the scientific conference, multidisciplinary artistic workshops were organized in co-operation with the Ebeneser Foundation for academic teachers, doctoral students, student teachers, and day care centre teachers. We would like to warmly thank the Ebeneser Foundation, Finland’s MUS-E®, Kristi Kiilu from Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre and especially international YMF artists Barbara Valentino from Italy, Isabelle Maurel from France, and Shanglie Zhou from Belgium for their unforgettable arts pedagogical workshops. The aim of this method is to decompartmentalize, to open and broaden the creative abilities through creative work in groups, by respecting a few spe- cific rules that it entails. The relationships must obey specific rules. The cre- ative rules emphasise mutual trust and responsibility towards the group and its creative process. There is an agreement to be non-judgemental: nothing is either good or bad. One may obey creative impulses in a primordial way, not taking into account individual opinions. There is space for non-verbal com- munication, but no space for polemics. One may experiment in order to de- cide on a course of action. There may be ethereal, corporal, or sensory com- munication. Some of the actors may find that they have put themselves in jeopardy, in the creative field, but that isa prerequisite; it broadens the hori- zons of individual creativity. In this experimental setting, impermanence was also welcomed, ascreation is never frozen. The method is in keeping with the fluidity of time and form, and with the idea that a work of art can i be worked on ndefinitely. It is not the outcome that is important, but the creative pro- cess, which in the course of time becomes a process of personal transforma- ii Heikki Ruismäki & Inkeri Ruokonen (Eds.) tion. There may be a period of non-production: the creation process begins, ideally, out of nothing and without a determined final aim other than to create something following the logic of the group’s entity; an individual can have some performances or sharing moments, but it remains a never-ending “work in progress”. It is essential for the creators to be adaptable as the creation of the group adapts itself in a fluid and immediate way to changes and unfore- seen events, thecomposition of the group, and other external or internal ele- ments or events. In the case of Sharing All Voices, this methodology