Preparation of Papers for AIAA Journals
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Ergonomics of Paragliding Reserve Deployment
Contemporary Ergonomics and Human Factors 2020. Eds. Rebecca Charles and Dave Golightly. CIEHF. Ergonomics of paragliding reserve deployment Matt Wilkes1, Geoff Long1, Heather Massey1, Clare Eglin1, Mike Tipton1 and Rebecca Charles2 1Extreme Environments Laboratory, University of Portsmouth, 2 Rail Safety and Standards Board ABSTRACT Paragliding is an emerging discipline of aviation, which is considered relatively high risk. Reserve parachutes are rarely used, but typical deployments are at low altitude, with pilots under the extreme stress of a life-threatening situation. To date, paraglider equipment design has focused primarily on weight and aerodynamics, so reserve parachute deployment systems have evolved haphazardly. Our study aimed to characterise deployment behaviours in amateur pilots. Fifty-five paraglider pilots were filmed deploying their reserve parachutes from a zipline. Test conditions were designed for ecologically valid body, hand and gaze positions; cognitive loading and switching; and physical disorientation akin to a real deployment. The footage was reviewed by two groups of subject matter experts. It was noted that pilots searched for the reserve handle using the hip as an anatomical landmark and tried to extract the deployment bag upwards, irrespective of optimum direction. Recommendations, which are being incorporated into the latest draft of the European Norm for harness design included: positioning reserve handles at the pilot’s hip; better system integration between different manufacturers; and containers being designed so deployment bags are extractable at any angle of pull. Deployment in a single, sweeping action should be encouraged in preference to the multiple actions sometimes taught. KEYWORDS Equipment failure, personal protective equipment, accidents, aviation Introduction Paragliding is a widely practiced form of unpowered flight (Paragliding Manufacturers’ Association 2014). -
Reluctant Recruits the US Military and the War on Drugs Peter Zirnite WOLA (Washington Office on Latin America), Washington DC, August 1997
Reluctant Recruits The US Military and the War on Drugs Peter Zirnite WOLA (Washington Office on Latin America), Washington DC, August 1997 CONTENTS • Executive Summary • I. Introduction • I. Calling in the Marines • II. Congress Beats the War Drum • III. Metamorphosis of a Mission • IV. Aiding Latin American Security Forces • Chart 1: US Antinarcotics Assistance, World Distribution • Chart 2: US Antinarcotics Assistance, 1988-1998 • V. Training Latin American Security Forces • Table 1: US Active Duty Personnel in Latin America • VI. Controversy on Capitoll Hill • VII. Detection and Monitoring: The Pentagon's Meat and Potatoes • VIII. Source Country Shift • Table 2: DOD Counternarcotics Spending, FY 1989-1998 • IX. Attacking the "Air Bridge" • X. Domestic Duty? • Table 3: Dept. of Defense Counter-drug Program Operating Tempo • XI. Looking to the Future • XII. Conclusion • A Policy Doomed to Failure • The Negative Consequences • What the Future Holds • Appendix A: The Pentagon's Drug Warriors • Southern Command • Atlantic Command • Pacific Command • Special Operations Command • North American Aerospace Defense Command • Appendix B: US Antinarcotics Assistance 1986-1996 • References Executive Summary Despite the end of the Cold War and recent transitions toward more democratic societies in Latin America, the United States has launched a number of initiatives that strengthen the power of Latin American security forces, increase the resources available to them, and expand their role within society - precisely when struggling civilian elected governments are striving to keep those forces in check. Rather than encourage Latin American militaries to limit their role to the defense of national borders, Washington has provided the training, resources and doctrinal justification for militaries to move into the business of building roads and schools, providing veterinary and child inoculation services, and protecting the environment. -
Evaluation of ARM Tethered Balloon System Instrumentation For
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2019-117 Manuscript under review for journal Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discussion started: 7 May 2019 c Author(s) 2019. CC BY 4.0 License. Evaluation of ARM Tethered Balloon System instrumentation for supercooled liquid water and distributed temperature sensing in mixed-phase Arctic clouds Darielle Dexheimer1, Martin Airey2, Erika Roesler1, Casey Longbottom1, Keri Nicoll2,5, Stefan Kneifel3, Fan Mei4, R. Giles Harrison2, Graeme Marlton2, Paul D. Williams2 5 1Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA 2University of Reading, Dept. of Meteorology, Reading, UK 3University of Cologne, Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, Cologne, Germany 4Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA 5University of Bath, Dept. of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Bath, UK 10 Correspondence to: Darielle Dexheimer ([email protected]) Abstract. A tethered balloon system (TBS) has been developed and is being operated by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User Facility in order to collect in situ atmospheric measurements within mixed-phase Arctic clouds. Periodic tethered balloon flights have been 15 conducted since 2015 within restricted airspace at ARM’s Advanced Mobile Facility 3 (AMF3) in Oliktok Point, Alaska, as part of the AALCO (Aerial Assessment of Liquid in Clouds at Oliktok), ERASMUS (Evaluation of Routine Atmospheric Sounding Measurements using Unmanned Systems), and POPEYE (Profiling at Oliktok Point to Enhance YOPP Experiments) field campaigns. The tethered balloon system uses helium-filled 34 m3 helikites and 79 and 104 m3 aerostats to suspend instrumentation that is used to measure aerosol particle size distributions, temperature, horizontal wind, pressure, relative 20 humidity, turbulence, and cloud particle properties and to calibrate ground-based remote sensing instruments. -
Aviation in 1908
AA CulturalCultural ShockShock inin AviationAviation DevelopmentDevelopment aa presentationpresentation forfor thethe RAeSRAeS,, HamburgHamburg BranchBranch MarchMarch 26th,26th, 20092009 by Claudius La Burthe Hamburg University of Applied Sciences Download from http://hamburg.dglr.de Foreword y When I was asked to present this lecture, I thought it was an easy task, because I have some documentation at home. y It was a BIG MISTAKE ! y Getting into books, I found lots of discrepancies due to: errors, lack of exactness, factual dishonesty, etc… y But the most intriguing is the lack of technical expertise shown by most historians TheTransferofKnowledge y To understand the background of 1908, one has to trace how scientific and technical knowledge about aviation was transmitted y History proves that aviation is so fascinating that, well before the Internet, smallest event were widely reported y As early as 18th and 19th century, scientific communities of all developed countries were in very close contact and exchanged lots of information My ambition: to show 1. A chronological list of events 2. Technical analysis of individual failures or successes 3. An attempt to trace the transmission of knowledge 4. No try: who invented what? 5. A technical Conclusion Aerostats as Precursors of Precursors y 21/11/1783 first registered human flight with hot air balloon (gas- 10 days later) – Paris y Balloon activity rapidly growing throughout Europe for ~three years y 1793 first military use of a tethered balloon during the siege of Mainz y 1797 first parachute jump by Garnerin – Paris y 1803 Robertson & Lhoest reach 7280 m altitude over Hamburg y 1830+ and civil war: american balloonists flew. -
Dear Education Professional;
Dear Education Professional; Attached is a series of lesson plans that have been put together so that you will have material to enhance the hot air balloon presentation. Most of the plans are designed for use after the visit, but several can be used before hand to create interest and excitement. Feel free to photocopy any or all of the plans as you see fit. Your are encouraged you to use them in any manner you want to, expanding, editing, modifying and deleting as necessary to suit your particular classroom needs and the age of the children. Have fun! RESOURCE SHEET Student pilots can begin hot air balloon training at age 14 and test for their private license at age 16. A student pilot must receive at least 10 hours of flight instruction. Certain altitude, duration and soloing requirements must be documented in a log book. Then, a written, verbal and actual flight test must be passed in order to get a license. Additional experience and testing must be completed to secure a commercial license whereby the pilot can sell rides. HOT AIR BALLOONS by Donna S. Pfautsch (Trillium Press 1993) An excellent 75 pg. book of definitions, lesson plans, experiments and resources. Hot Air Ballooning Coloring Book by Steve Zipp (Specialty Publishing Co, 1982) Great for coloring ideas for primary students. A few of my favorite books that travel with me and I put on display during presentations: Hot Air Henry by Mary Calhoun (many school libraries have this) Ballooning by Dick Wirth and Jerry Young Mr. Mombo’s Balloon Flight by Stephen Holmes Smithsonian Book of Flight for Young People by Walter J Boyne The Great Valentine’s Day Balloon Race by Adrienne Adams How to Fly a 747 by Ian Graham (a very cool book for kids!) Research Balloons by Carole Briggs Hot Air Ballooning by Terrell Publishing, Inc. -
Digital Sensors Operate on 3.3V
Worcester Polytechnic Institute A Major Qualifying Project AURORA Autonomous Unpowered Recovery of Radiosonde Aircraft Submitted By: Richard Eberheim, Robotics Engineering Nicholas Hassan, Robotics Engineering and Electrical & Computer Engineering Joshua O’Connor, Mechanical Engineering Advised By: Kenneth Stafford, Professor Robotics Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Fred Looft, Professor Electrical Engineering This report represents the work of WPI undergraduate students submitted to the faculty as evidence of completion of a degree requirement. WPI routinely publishes these reports on its website without editorial or peer review. For more information about the projects program at WPI, please see http://www.wpi.edu/academics/ugradstudies/project-learning.html Abstract This project developed an autonomous radiosonde glider that actively steers itself from the apex of its flight to safe recovery locations on the ground. This enables easy and reliable recovery, reducing costs and offering new capabilities to atmospheric researchers. The glider integrates the essential weather sensors used on current radiosondes with those needed for autonomous flight in a durable, easy to manufacture airframe capable of multiple data gathering flights with minimal repairs between each flight. 1 Acknowledgments This project was made possible through the support, guidance, and assistance of the staff and students of Worcester Polytechnic Institute. We would like to thank Professors Ken Stafford and Fred Looft for advising the project. We would also like -
September, 1980. !
SEPTEMBER, 1980. ( ! COnGRATULATlonl ITEVE·mOYEI & • PETER8ROWn • STEVE MOYES WINS THE U.S. MASTERS TWO YEARS RUNNING PETER BROWN COMES 2ND BOTH IN MEGAS BOTH BEATING THE WORLDS BEST PILOTS IN THE WORLDS MOST PRESTIGEOUS HANG GLIDING COMPETITION WELL DONE STEVE & PETER. TOP·PILOTS LIKE JOE GREBLO, CHRIS PRICE, MIKE ARRAMBIDE AND KEL SMITH, INCREASE THEIR WINNING MARGIN BY FLYING THEIR MEGAS INTO NUMBER ONE POSITIONS IN X/C COMPETITIONS, SINK RATE COMPETITIONS, LID COMPETITIONS AND MANOEVRABILITY TASKS. so FLY MEGA & STEP OFF INTO A NEW DIMENSION PHONE THE MOYES FACTORY 02-387-5114. FEATURE ARTICLE - INSECT FLIGHT .... BRUCE WYNNE OVERSEAS COMP REPORT ... BILL MOYES MT. TERRIBLE TO MYPONGA BEACH ... MICHAEL.RICHARDSON 1980 X - C OWENS VALLEY OPEN ... JOHN REYNOLDSON TAHGA REPORT .... MARSHA LEEMAN P L US: ICARUS ... AIRWAVES ... QUEENSLAND NEWS SKYSAILOR is the official JOURNAL OF TAHGA THE AUSTRALIAN HANG GLIDING EXECUTIVE: Box 4, Holme Building, ASSOCIATION, which is a non profit, Sydney University, N.S.W. member controlled organisation promoting 2006. foot launched unpowered flight. Subscription is by membership only. DEADLINES The deadline for each issue will be the first day of that month. Send contributions TAHGA can be contacted at: .. r ~ to: Box 4, Holme Building, Sydney University, N.S.W. : NSWHGA, P.O. Box 121 N.S.W. 2006. Sutherland. N.S.W. VICTOR IA : VHGA, P.O. Box 400, Prahan. 3181. S.A. ; SAHGA, P.O. Box 163, Goodwood. 5034. CO V E R PH 0 T 0: STERLING MOTH RIDES AGAIN! HANG GLIDERS AREN'T THE ONLY ONES WHO CAN DO GOOD WING OVERS. TAKEN FROM A BOOK FULL OF BEAUTIFUL PHOTOS AND INTERESTING TEXT BY STEPHEN DALTON CALLED "BORNE ON THE WIND". -
Soaring Introduction for Power Pilots
Soaring Introduction and Local Sites For advisory purposes only; 2003 1 Introduction to Soaring • Unpowered flight • Gliding; – The art of moving forward by gradual descent through the air. • Soaring; – The art of climbing by flying through air which is ascending faster than your glider is sinking. For advisory purposes only; 2003 2 So Why Soar? • Don’t do it to get rich. • A sport and a challenge. • Dances with Eagles. • 10kn up is its own reward. • The challenge and achievement of cross country flight without an engine. For advisory purposes only; 2003 3 Where we fly; Generally in the mountains! For advisory purposes only; 2003 4 How we go Cross Country 25:1 glide ratio for sink & wind margin (glass) (dependent on glider & conditions) Plan glide over mtns or through passes Start Apt Known Field Known Field Finish Apt • Get low in the vicinity of your field and stop going XC. You are now local soaring. Begin to study the field for wind direction, slope, texture, drainage, power lines, sprinklers, fences, obstructions, and trailer access. For advisory purposes only; 2003 5 Lift Types • Types of lift – Wind driven It is as important to avoid • Ridge lift Sink as it is to find Lift •Wave lift – Sun driven Sink or turbulence in the • Thermal lift mountains can completely • Mountain breezes – Airmass driven overpower any aircraft, • Convergences powered or otherwise. • How to find it – Blunder into it. Or… – Figure out where it probably is and then blunder into it. For advisory purposes only; 2003 6 Powerless Flight Issues • One chance landings. • Higher chance of landing off-field • Fly closer to the terrain than the average power pilot. -
Fush Kang Gliding
Tel0ll6239 4316 oiliccttbhpa co uk Paragliding is a form of avialion, with all of the inherent and www.l)lrpa.co.uk FE3 }I P,'L potential dangers that are involved in avialion. No lorm of aviation is without risk, and injuries and death can and do occur in paragliding, even to trained pilots using proper I IIIS; S I I'I)I-N I IRAINING HECORD equipment. No claim is made or implied that all sources ol Ili I I II I'NOPI I]TY OF THE BHPA AND potential danger to the pilot have or can be identitied. No one MI'I;I III IILIAINED BY THE SCHOOL should participate in paraqlidinq who does not recoqnise and wish to personally assume the associated risks. What is this Sludent Training Record? This book derails allthe exercses which make up the lraining programme rhat you are fo owing. Your Instructor and you musl use t lo recod your progress both if the main secliof and n lhe og seclion ai the back. You should also use it to ensure lhat you fuly undersland each new exercise before it is altempled. Your Studenl Training Record wil be relained by your School. I have read, understood and accepted lhe inlormaton above and lhe Powered Paraq ider General lnformalion paqe overleaf. Siqned: !,,r ,'i,l rr,r'! I'ln' 'l 'rlr Lr' l,r,tr] 'r,1 'rrii',li r,1r r'{ ri rrv lrri ,, LlLtr,i 't Student fuaining Recatu ABHPA 2411 POWERED PARAGLIDERS (PPG) GENERAL INFORMATION Leqalities The exercises n Phases 1,2,3,5 and 6 are arianged in sequenliatorder and must be comp eted in ln the UK a powered paraglider ls legally classed g as a ider and is subiect lhal order lhe exceplion beinq Phase 4 which.an be compteled ar anylme betore Phase 5 to ihe same rules and regulalions as allglideG, hang gliders and parag iders. -
To War on Tubing and Canvas
SCHOOL OF ADVANCED AIRPOWER TO WAR ON TUBING AND CANVAS: A Case Study in the Interrelationships Between Technology, Training, Doctrine and Organization By Lieutenant Colonel Jonathan C. AIR UNIVERSITY UNITED STATES AIR FORCE MAXWELL AIR FORCE BASE, ALABAMA Disclaimer The views in this paper are entirely those of the author expressed under Air University principles of academic freedom and do not reflect official views of the School of Advanced Airpower Studies, Air University, the U.S. Air Force, or the Department of Defense. In accordance with Air Force Regulation 110-8, it is not copyrighted, but is the property of the United States Government. TO WAR ON TUBING AND CANVAS: A Case Study in the Interrelationships Between Technology, Training, Doctrine and Organization Table of Contents ABSTRACT ii INTRODUCTION 1 PRE-WAR DEVELOPMENT 3 The Early Years in Germany 3 Early Gliders in the US 4 A US Military Glider? For What Purpose? 4 Gliders Head Into Combat. 5 Come Join the Glider pilot Corps! 8 Glider pilot Training Shortfalls 9 Military Gliders in Britain 12 OPERATIONAL USE OF GLIDERS 13 Germany 13 Early Commando Raids 14 Crete 15 Other Operations 16 US and Great Britain 17 Sicily 17 British Gliders are First to Normandy 24 US Glider Pilots Join the War in France 20 Disappointment at Arnhem 22 Operation Market 22 Glider Success Over the Rhine? 23 Operation Dragoon 24 US Commando Operations in Burma 25 Summation 26 POST-WAR GLIDER POLICY 27 TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN GLIDERS 29 TODAY’S LIMITED MILITARY ROLE FOR GLIDERS 31 CONCLUSIONS 32 NOTES 36 BIBLIOGRAPHY 42 Abstract The combat glider was effectively used by German, British and US forces in World War II (WWII). -
Dynamics and Control of a Multi-Tethered Aerostat Positioning System
Dynamics and Control of a Multi-Tethered Aerostat Positioning System by Casey Lambert Department of Mechanical Engineering McGill University, Montreal Canada October 2006 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy © Casey Lambert, 2006 Library and Bibliothèque et 1+1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l'édition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-32203-1 Our file Notre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-32203-1 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par télécommunication ou par l'Internet, prêter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans loan, distribute and sell th es es le monde, à des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non sur support microforme, papier, électronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriété du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protège cette thèse. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. -
Tethered Balloons, Airships, Free Balloons and Kites) Order, 1999 2
STATUTORY INSTRUMENT S.I. No. 422 of 1999 IRISH AVIATION AUTHORITY (TETHERED BALLOONS, AIRSHIPS, FREE BALLOONS AND KITES) ORDER, 1999 2 IRISH AVIATION AUTHORITY (TETHERED BALLOONS, AIRSHIPS, FREE BALLOONS AND KITES) ORDER, 1999 The Irish Aviation Authority, in exercise of the powers conferred on it by sections 5, 58 and 60 of the Irish Aviation Authority Act, 1993 (No. 29 of 1993) as amended by the Air Navigation and Transport (Amendment) Act, 1998 (No. 24 of 1998), hereby orders as follows: - 1. Applicability (1) This Order shall apply, unless otherwise specified herein, to a tethered or captive balloon of which any linear dimension exceeds 2 metres or the gas capacity of which exceeds 3.25 cubic metres, to a small balloon not exceeding 2 metres in any linear dimension including any attached equipment at any stage in its flight, to an airship and to any kite. (2) This Order shall come into operation on the date of its publication in the Iris Oifigiuil. 2. Definitions “aerodrome traffic zone” means an airspace of dimensions defined by the Authority and established around an aerodrome for the protection of aerodrome traffic; “the Authority” means the Irish Aviation Authority; “captive balloon” means a balloon which when in flight is attached by a restraining device to the ground; “captive flight” means flight by an uncontrollable balloon during which it is attached to the ground by a restraining device; “tethered flight” means a flight by a controllable balloon throughout which it is flown within limits imposed by a restraining device which attaches the balloon to the surface.