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The Revolution Transforming Agriculture & Environment Biochar: Ancient Origins, Modern Solution A Biochar Timeline Author Paul Taylor PhD This complete book is available at www.TheBiocharRevolution.com Biochar: Ancient Origins, Modern Solution A Biochar Timeline Author Paul Taylor PhD This complete book is available at www.TheBiocharRevolution.com FIRST EDITION 2010 Copyright 2010 NuLife Publishing All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. National Library of Australia Cataloguing–in–Publishing entry: Taylor, Paul, 1945– The Biochar Revolution: Transforming Agriculture & Environment. 1st ed. ISBN: 978 1 921630 41 5 (pbk.) 1. Ashes as fertilizer. 2. Carbon sequestration. 3. Charcoal. 4. Soil amendments 631.4 Published by NuLife Publishing PO Box 9284 GCMC Qld 9726 Australia Email: [email protected] For further information about orders: Email: [email protected] Website: www.thebiocharrevolution.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am grateful for the interest, support, patience, and effort expressed consistently— yet in unique ways—by each and every author, as we went though many revisions together. They are listed in the front of the book, with their bios in the back, under contributing authors. I owe special thanks to Hugh McLaughlin and Paul Anderson for their belief, interest, advice and support in the book as a whole. Both read, and offered valuable editing suggestions on, diverse chapters. Hugh reviewed most of the final manuscript. Gary Levi played a crucial role as chief editor and editorial advisor. He edited every chapter numerous times, and stayed with the project as it extended from 5 weeks to 5 months, working generously and meticulously to shape and organize the book. -
Proceedings IUFRO: Evaluation and Planning of Forestry Research
united States oepartment of Agriculture Proceedings Forest Service Northeastern IUFRO Station NE-GTR-111 Evaluation and Planning 1986 of Forestry Research S6.06 - S6.06.01 Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 July 25-26, 1985 IUFRO PROCEEDINGS EVALUATION AND PLANNING OF FORESTRY RESEARCH S6.06 - S6.06.01 Compiled by Denver P. Burns Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 USA July 25-26, 1985 Sponsored by INTERNATIONAL UNION OF FORESTRY RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS and NORTHEASTERN FOREST EXPERIMENT STATION, USDA FOREST SERVICE Papers are published in this proceedings in camera-ready form as submitted by the authors. The authors are responsible for the content of their papers. PROGRAM July 25, 1985 Introduction: Denver P. Burns, Director, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service, Broanall, PA SESSION I - RESB.Alial FRONTIERS Moderator: Dr. Eldon Ross Resear·ch Frontiers. W. Franklin Harr·is, Deputy Division Director, Biotic Systems and Resources, National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. SESSION II - RESBARQI FROIITIBRS FOR FORESTRY Applying Frontier Biotechnologies to Tree Improvement: Opportunities and Limitations. F. Thomas Ledig, Project Leader, Institute of Forest Genetics, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, USDA For·est Service, Berkeley, CA Biotechnologies - The Potential Role of Somaclonal Variation in Forestry. Darroll D. Skilling and Michael E. Ostry, Principal Plant Pathologists, Nor·th Central Forest Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service, St. Paul, MN Frontiers in Wood Utilization Research in the United States. John R. Erickson, Director·, Forest Products Laboratory, USDA For·est Service, �.adison, WI Fr·ontiers in Handling Wood. C. R. Silversides, Forestry Consultant, Prescott, Ontar·io SESSION III - IDBIITIFIING RBSBARal NEEDS Moderator: Dr. -
Forestry· Wildlife Guidelines to Habitat Management
11111111~113 0318 r~1~1 mmmr1~1~11~1~r11~11111111 00028. 8449 This document is made available electronically by the Minnesota Legislative Reference Library as part of an ongoing digital archiving project. http://www.leg.state.mn.us/lrl/lrl.asp (Funding for document digitization was provided, in part, by a grant from the Minnesota Historical & Cultural Heritage Program.) FORESTRY· WILDLIFE GUIDELINES ·, TO HABITAT MANAGEMENT 1985 Revision FOREST - --·----·- ~ ... / -T-R A N S I T I 0 N PRAIRIE ·MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES GENERAL CON:rENrS SEr.rION PAGES .EOLICY - WILDLIFE/FORESTRY COORDINATION •••••••••••••••• A-G I - I'NI.'RC.>IXJC'I ION • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 - 12 Foreword, Approval, Vegetative Zones and Habitat Evaluation, Vegetative Zone Map II - MANAGEMEN.r IN!'EGRATION BY GENERAL PRACI'ICES •••••••••••• 13 -24 Rationale, Soils Evaluation, Timber Harvest, Reforestation, Tirrber stand Improvement III - MANAGEMENI' IN!'EGRATION BY TIMBER TYPE •••••••••••••••••• 25 - 42 References, Aspen and Paper Birch, Oaks, Northern Hardwoods, Central Hardwoods, Lowland Hardwoods, Conifers, Deforested Areas IV - WILDLIFE PROJECTS FOR HABITAT MANAGEMEN.r IN CONJUN:TION WITH TIMBER MANAGEMENI' •••••••••••••••••• 43 - 54 Wildlife Openings, Roads and Trails, Non corrmercial Cover Type Regeneration, Brush Piles, Fruit Trees V - WILDLIFE PROJECTS FOR HABITAT MANAGEMENI' SEPARATE FROM TIMBER MANAGEMENI' ••••••••••••••••••••••• 55 - 60 Browse Regeneration, Agriculture Leases -
Energy Forestry Exemplar Trials Establishment
Energy Forestry Exemplar Trials Establishment Guidelines Energy Forestry Exemplar Trials Energy Forestry Exemplar Trials Contents Page INTRODUCTION… ....................................................................................2 2. AIMS..................................................................................................2 3. THE TRIAL SITES .................................................................................2 4. GENERAL SITE MANAGEMENT................................................................3 5. SRC and SRF.......................................................................................4 6. RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND MONITORING.........................................4 6.1. Environmental Research..............................................................5 6.2. Silviculture - Short Rotation Forestry (SRF) ...................................7 6.3. Silviculture - Short Rotation Coppice (SRC).................................. 10 6.4. Carbon balance........................................................................ 11 6.5. Regeneration or reinstatement................................................... 11 7. CONCLUSION .................................................................................... 11 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................... 12 APPENDICES: Appendix 1: Experiment plans and protocols ............................... 15 - 52 a. Soil sampling and analysis ........................................................... 15 -
2009 Land Management Plan
2009 LAND MANAGEMENT PLAN (Updated Annual Harvest Plan -2014) Itasca County Land Department 1177 LaPrairie Avenue Grand Rapids, MN 55744-3322 218-327-2855 ● Fax: 218-327-4160 LAND MANAGEMENT PLAN Itasca County Land Department Acknowledgements This Land Management Plan was produced by Itasca County Land Department employees Garrett Ous, Dave Marshall, Michael Gibbons, Adam Olson, Bob Scheierl, Roger Clark, Kory Cease, Steve Aysta, Tim Stocker, Perry Leone, Wayne Perreault, Blair Carlson, Loren Eide, Bob Rother, Andrew Brown, Del Inkman, Darlene Brown and Meg Muller. Thank you to all the citizens for their sincere input and review during the public involvement process. And thank you to Itasca County Commissioners Lori Dowling, Karen Burthwick, Rusty Eichorn, Catherine McLynn and Mark Mandich for their vision and final approval of this document. Foreword This land management plan is designed for providing vision and direction to guide strategic and operational programs of the Land Department. That vision and direction reflects a long standing connection with local economic, educational and social programs. The Land Department is committed to ensuring that economic benefits and environmental integrity are available to both present and future generations. That will be accomplished through actively managing county land and forests for a balance of benefits to the citizens and for providing them with a sustained supply of quality products and services. The Department will apply quality forestland stewardship practices, employ modern technology and information, and partner with other forest organizations to provide citizens with those quality products and services. ________________________________ Garrett Ous September, 2009 Itasca County Land Commissioner 1177 LaPrairie Avenue Grand Rapids, MN 55744-3322 218-327-2855 ● Fax: 218-327-4160 ICLD - LMP Section i., page 1 of 3 Itasca County Land Department Land Management Plan Table of Contents i. -
Forest Age Class Change Simulator (FACCS): a Spreadsheet-Based Model for Estimation of Forest Change and Biomass Availability
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy Forest Age Class Change Simulator (FACCS): A spreadsheet-based model for estimation of forest change and biomass availability by David C. Wilson, Grant M. Domke and Alan R. Ek February 2014 Staff Paper Series No. 228 Department of Forest Resources College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 1 For more information about the Department of Forest Resources and its teaching, research, and outreach programs, contact the department at: Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota 115 Green Hall 1530 Cleveland Avenue North St. Paul, MN 55108-6112 Ph: 612.624.3400 Fax: 612.625.5212 Email: [email protected] http://www.forestry.umn.edu/publications/staffpapers/index.html and see also http://iic.umn.edu/ The University of Minnesota is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, age, marital status, disability, public assistance status, veteran status, or sexual orientation. 2 Forest Age Class Change Simulator (FACCS): A spreadsheet based model for estimation of forest change and biomass availability by David C. Wilson, Grant M. Domke and Alan R. Ek February 23, 2014 Technical Report Interagency Information Cooperative 3 Acknowledgements This research was funded by the Interagency Information Cooperative, University of Minnesota Department of Forest Resources and the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station under project MIN 42-019. The authors wish to thank Professor Thomas E. -
Short-Rotation Coppice of Willows for the Production of Biomass in Eastern Canada
Chapter 17 Short-Rotation Coppice of Willows for the Production of Biomass in Eastern Canada Werther Guidi, Frédéric E. Pitre and Michel Labrecque Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/51111 1. Introduction The production of energy by burning biomass (i.e. bioenergy), either directly or through transformation, is one of the most promising alternative sources of sustainable energy. Contrary to fossil fuels, bioenergy does not necessarily result in a net long-term increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases, particularly when production methods take this concern into account. Converting forests, peatlands, or grasslands to production of food-crop based biofuels may release up to 400 times more CO2 than the annual greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions that these biofuels would provide by displacing fossil fuels. On the other hand, biofuels from biomass grown on degraded and abandoned agricultural lands planted with perennials do not have a negative effect on carbon emissions [1]. In addition, when properly managed, bioenergy can enhance both agricultural and rural development by increasing agricultural productivity, creating new opportunities for revenue and employment, and improving access to modern energy services in rural areas, both in developed and developing countries [2]. Biofuels constitute a very broad category of materials that can be derived from sources including municipal by-products, food crops (e.g. maize, sugar cane etc.), agricultural and forestry by-products (straws, stalks, sawdust, etc.) or from specifically-conceived fuel crops. Our analysis focuses on agricultural biofuel crops that can be grown in temperate regions. These crops can be divided into four main categories (Table 1). -
Positive Water Linkages of Producing Short Rotation Poplars and Willows for Bioenergy and Phytotechnologies
Received: 6 November 2018 Revised: 2 February 2019 Accepted: 10 March 2019 DOI: 10.1002/wene.345 ADVANCED REVIEW Positive water linkages of producing short rotation poplars and willows for bioenergy and phytotechnologies Ronald S. Zalesny Jr1 | Göran Berndes2 | Ioannis Dimitriou3 | Uwe Fritsche4 | Constance Miller5 | Mark Eisenbies6 | Solomon Ghezehei7 | Dennis Hazel7 | William L. Headlee8,9 | Blas Mola-Yudego10 | M. Cristina Negri11 | Elizabeth Guthrie Nichols7 | John Quinn11 | Shawn Dayson Shifflett7 | Obste Therasme6 | Timothy A. Volk6 | Colleen R. Zumpf11 1USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Rhinelander, Wisconsin The production of short rotation woody crops (SRWCs) such as poplars and wil- 2Chalmers University of Technology, lows is a promising component of global bioenergy and phytotechnology portfo- Physical Resource Theory, Göteborg, lios. In addition to the provision of biomass feedstocks and pollution remediation, Sweden these trees and shrubs have been sustainably grown to conserve or utilize water in 3Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences a variety of applications. Growing these woody plants for multiple uses supports (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden many of the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially 4International Institute for Sustainability Clean Water and Sanitation (SDG6) and Affordable and Clean Energy (SDG7). Analysis and Strategy, Darmstadt, Germany As a result, focusing on ecosystem services such as freshwater and biomass has 5Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Global Bioenergy become an important aspect of deploying these production systems across variable Partnership (GBEP), Rome, Italy landscapes. The current review consists of an introduction of ecosystem services 6Department of Forest and Natural and the SDGs, as well as SRWCs and their applications. -
Sustainability Assurance for Energy from Forestry
Sustainability Assurance for Energy from Forestry Final Report prepared for WWF International by Uwe R. Fritsche & Leire Iriarte (IINAS), Joanne Fitzgerald (EFI), Neil Bird (JR) IINAS - International Institute for Sustainability Analysis and Strategy EFI - European Forest Institute JR - Joanneum Research Darmstadt, Madrid, Joensuu, Graz June 2014 IINAS/EFI/JR ii Sustainability of Woody Bioenergy Content List of Figures .......................................................................................................... iv List of Tables ............................................................................................................ v Acronyms ................................................................................................................ vi Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................viii 1 Introduction and Overview ................................................................................ 1 2 Long-term Bioenergy Vision in the Global Context ............................................. 2 2.1 WWF Global Scenarios ....................................................................................... 2 2.2 IEA and IPCC Scenarios ....................................................................................... 4 2.3 Summary: Long-term Bioenergy Vision in the Global Context in a Nutshell ..... 7 3 Woody Biomass for Energy ................................................................................ 8 3.1 Woody Biomass Sources -
Liquid Biofuels for Transportation Chinese Potential and Implications for Sustainable Agriculture and Energy in the 21 Century
Liquid Biofuels for Transportation Chinese Potential and Implications for Sustainable Agriculture and Energy in the 21st Century Assessment Study Beijing, P.R. China February 2006 Funded by German Ministry for Food, Agriculture, and Consumer Protection (BMELV) through German Agency for Renewable Resources (FNR) China: Liquid biofuels for transportation Team leader Prof. Wang Gehua, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing Author team: Mrs. Prof. Dr. Zhao Lixin, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering (CAAE), Beijing Mrs. Zhang Yanli, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering (CAAE), Beijing Mrs. Dr. Fu Yujie, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin Mrs. Elisabeth-Maria Huba (M.A.), Consultant, Beijing Mr. Liu Dongsheng, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering (CAAE), Beijing Prof. Li Shizhong, Center of Bio-energy, China Agricultural University, Beijing Prof. Liu Dehua, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing Mr. Heinz-Peter Mang, Institute for Energy and Environmental Protection (IEEP), Beijing Support team: Mrs. Dr. Du Wei, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing Mrs. Dr. Zhou Yujie, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing Mrs. Xu Zhe, Institute for Energy and Environmental Protection (IEEP), Beijing Ms. Tian Yalin, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing Ms. Li Guo, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing Ms. Ina Patricia Jurga, Institute -
Assessing Sustainable Forest Biomass Potential and Bioenergy Implications for the Northern Lake States Region, USA
Biomass and Bioenergy 81 (2015) 167e176 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biomass and Bioenergy journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/biombioe Research paper Assessing sustainable forest biomass potential and bioenergy implications for the northern Lake States region, USA * Sidhanand Kukrety a, , David C. Wilson a, Anthony W. D'Amato b, Dennis R. Becker c a Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, 55108 MN, USA b Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, 05095 VT, USA c College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, 83844 ID, USA article info abstract Article history: Forestlands in the United States have tremendous potential for providing feedstocks necessary to meet Received 1 September 2014 emerging renewable energy standards. The Lake States region is one area recognized for its high po- Received in revised form tential of supplying forest-derived biomass; however, the long-term availability of roundwood harvests 31 May 2015 and associated residues from this region has not been fully explored. Better distribution and temporal Accepted 26 June 2015 availability estimates are needed to formulate emerging state policies regarding renewable energy Available online 8 July 2015 development. We used a novel predictive methodology to quantify sustainable biomass availability and likely harvest levels over a 100-year period in the Lake States region. USDA Forest Inventory and Analysis Keywords: Bioenergy estimates of timberland were combined with published growth and yield models, and historic harvest Forest residue data using the Forest Age Class Change Simulator (FACCS) to generate availability estimates. Monte-Carlo GHG reduction simulation was used to develop probability distributions of biomass harvests and to incorporate the À1 Lake states uncertainty of future harvest levels. -
Forestry Criteria Background Paper
Forestry* Criteria Development of Eligibility Criteria under the Climate Bonds Standard & Certification Scheme November 2018 Prepared by Dr. Christine Negra (Versant Vision LLC), Tanja Havemann (Clarmondial), Katie House (Climate Bonds Initiative), Ujala Qadir (Climate Bonds Initiative) and Chris Moore (Climate Bonds Initiative) * These Criteria also cover the conservation and restoration of non-forested land Supported by: Climate Bonds Initiative Forestry Background Document Definitions Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI): An investor-focused not-for-profit organisation, promoting large-scale investments that will deliver a global low carbon and climate resilient economy. The Initiative seeks to develop mechanisms to better align the interests of investors, industry and government so as to catalyse investments at a speed and scale sufficient to avoid dangerous climate change. Climate Bond: A climate bond is a bond used to finance – or re-finance - projects needed to address climate change. They range from wind farms and solar and hydropower plants, to rail transport and building sea walls in cities threatened by rising sea levels. Only a small portion of these bonds have been labelled as green or climate bonds by their issuers. Certified Climate Bond: A Climate Bond that is certified by the Climate Bonds Standard Board as meeting the requirements of the Climate Bonds Standard, as attested through independent verification. Climate Bonds Standard (CBS): A screening tool for investors and governments that allows them to identify green bonds where they can be confident that the funds are being used to deliver climate change solutions. This may be through climate mitigation impact and/ or climate adaptation or resilience. The CBS is made up of two parts: the parent standard (Climate Bonds Standard v2.1) and a suite of sector specific eligibility Criteria.