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Modeling and Investigation of Refrigeration System Performance with Two-Phase Fluid Injection in a Scroll Compressor Rui Gu Marquette University

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Modeling and Investigation of Refrigeration System Performance with Two-Phase Fluid Injection in a Scroll Compressor Rui Gu Marquette University Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Master's Theses (2009 -) Dissertations, Theses, and Professional Projects Modeling and Investigation of Refrigeration System Performance with Two-Phase Fluid Injection in a Scroll Compressor Rui Gu Marquette University Recommended Citation Gu, Rui, "Modeling and Investigation of Refrigeration System Performance with Two-Phase Fluid Injection in a Scroll Compressor" (2016). Master's Theses (2009 -). Paper 357. http://epublications.marquette.edu/theses_open/357 MODELING AND INVESTIGATION OF REFRIGERATION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE WITH TWO-PHASE FLUID INJECTION IN A SCROLL COMPRESSOR By Rui Gu A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School, Marquette University, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Milwaukee, Wisconsin May 2016 PREFACE MODELING AND INVESTIGATION OF REFRIGERATION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE WITH TWO-PHASE FLUID INJECTION IN A SCROLL COMPRESSOR Rui Gu Under the supervision of Professor Hyunjae Park and Professor Anthony Bowman Marquette University, 2016 to circulate and to have copied for non-commercial purposes, at its discretion, the above title upon the request of individuals or institutions. To My Parents and Friends i ABSTRACT MODELING AND INVESTIGATION OF REFRIGERATION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE WITH TWO-PHASE FLUID INJECTION IN A SCROLL COMPRESSOR Rui Gu Marquette University, 2016 Vapor compression cycles are widely used in heating, refrigerating and air- conditioning. A slight performance improvement in the components of a vapor compression cycle, such as the compressor, can play a significant role in saving energy use. How- ever, the complexity and cost of these improvements can block their application in the market. Modifying the conventional cycle configuration can offer a less complex and less costly alternative approach. Economizing is a common modification for improving the performance of the refrigeration cycle, resulting in decreasing the work required to compress the gas per unit mass. Traditionally, economizing requires multi-stage compressors, the cost of which has restrained the scope for practical implementation. Compressors with injection ports, which can be used to inject economized refrigerant during the compression process, introduce new possibilities for economization with less cost. This work focuses on computationally investigating a refrigeration system performance with two-phase fluid injection, developing a better understanding of the impact of injected refrigerant quality on a refrigeration system performance as well as evaluating the potential COP improvement that injection provides based on refrigeration system performance provided by Copeland. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Rui Gu Marquette University, 2016 I would like to express my emotions in a chronological order. I was also so fortunate to work with Dr. Mathison, my first foreign advisor, during my time at Marquette. Thank you for guiding me through the early years of chaos and confusions, for sparking my interest in the thermal sciences, and for encouraging and supporting me to insist on my research career. I appreciate all the opportunities that you have provided me, and the time you have spent on me. After that, I was so sorry that she had to leave Marquette for her hometown due to her family issues. I understood her situation well and prayed for her family, but I faced the dilemma in my life. Graduated as MS degree or continue my Ph.D. work by myself? I was so lucky to meet Dr. Park, my current supervisor and Dr. Bowman, my favorite professor to help me walk through the difficult situation. I decided to switch to the MS degree following their advice and recommendations at last. I appreciated their guidances and supports they had given at that time. I cannot thank you enough for all you have done when I am trapped in. Now I feel satisfied about my situation. Dr. Park found this relevant master project for me based on my previous research, pictured the panorama of my new program and held the right research direction. Dr. Bowman expressed his interest in my work as well and supplied me iii a perspective on my own results. He shared with me his knowledge and provided many useful references and friendly encouragement. I appreciate all the efforts you have made for my project. I would also like to thank all my friends. They are wonderful people. I appreciate all the support and friendship that I have received. Finally, I would not be where I am today without the help of my family. Thank you to my parents for your love. You have always been there to help and support me, no matter what kind of situations. Thank you for believing in me and for always supporting me to pursuing my dreams. iv Table of Contents Abstract i Acknowledgments ii List of Tables vii List of Figures viii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 Problem Statement . 2 1.3 Objective . 3 1.4 Literature Survey . 5 2 Analysis of Refrigeration System Based on a Copeland Scroll Com- pressor Performance Data 9 2.1 Conventional Vapor Refrigeration Cycle . 9 2.1.1 Introduction of the System . 9 2.1.2 Thermodynamic Analysis of the System ......................................... 11 2.1.3 Model of The System ......................................................................... 13 2.1.4 Sample Calculation .............................................................................. 14 2.2 Compressor Selection and Copeland Compressor Testing Cycle ............. 18 2.3 Model Results ................................................................................................... 21 2.3.1 Correlation between Compressor Efficiency and Compression Pressure Ratio .................................................................................... 21 2.3.2 Correlation between Mass Flow Rate and Evaporating Temper- ature ...................................................................................................... 25 v 2.3.3 Performance Analysis of the Refrigeration Cycle ........................... 26 3 Prediction of the Refrigeration System Performance with Controlled Injection Pressure 29 3.1 Introduction to Vapor Injection Refrigeration Systems ........................... 29 3.2 Refrigeration System Injected with Isenthalpic Expansion Quality Cor- responding to Injection Pressure ................................................................. 31 3.2.1 Thermodynamic Analysis of the System ......................................... 31 3.2.2 Model of the System .......................................................................... 34 3.2.3 Sample Calculation and Model Feasibility Analysis ...................... 38 3.2.4 Pre-Simulation Work ................................................................................ 45 3.3 Model Results .................................................................................................. 46 3.3.1 Case Study of Minimum Compressor Efficiency Group ............... 46 3.3.2 Case Study of Maximum Compressor Efficiency Group ............... 50 3.3.3 Trend Prediction of Refrigeration System Performance with In- jection .................................................................................................. 53 4 Prediction of the Refrigeration System Performance with Controlled Injection Fluid Quality 57 4.1 Refrigeration System Injected with Controlled Injection Quality………...58 4.1.1 Thermodynamic Analysis of the System ........................................ 58 4.1.2 Model of the System ...........................................................................61 4.2 Model Results .................................................................................................. 64 4.2.1 Continuous Case Study of Minimum Compressor Efficiency Gr- oup……………………………………………………………………………………..64 4.2.2 Sensitivity Analysis of Coefficient of Performance of the Refrig- eration System with Two-Phase Fluid Injection .......................... 69 vi 5 Summary and Conclusions 73 5.1 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….73 5.2 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………………………..75 vii List of Tables 2.1 State Point Properties of Conventional Compression Model. ................... 18 3.1 State Point Properties of Model with Injection............................................ 44 3.2 Parametric Investigation Table ............................................................................. 46 ◦ 4.1 Sensitivity Analysis of Optimal Results of Case A1 (Tevap = −10 F|Tcond = 100◦F ) .............................................................................................................. 71 ◦ 4.2 Sensitivity Analysis of Optimal Results of Case A4 (Tevap = 20 F|Tcond = 130◦F ) .............................................................................................................. 71 ◦ 4.3 Sensitivity Analysis of Optimal Results of Case A6 (Tevap = 40 F|Tcond = 150◦F ) ............................................................................................................... 71 ◦ 4.4 Sensitivity Analysis of Optimal Results of Case B1 (Tevap = −10 F|Tcond = 80◦F ) ................................................................................................................ 71 viii List of Figures 1.1 Vapor Injection Patterns …………………………………………………………………6 2.1 Conventional Compression Cycle and P-h Diagram. ................................. 10 2.2 T-s Diagram for an Ideal Conventional Compression Cycle [1]. ............... 12 2.3 Flow Chart for the Model of Conventional Compression Cycle. ............... 15 2.4 ZP44K3E-TF5 Copeland Scroll Compressor Performance
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