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Initial Environmental Examination People's Republic of China Initial Environmental Examination Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 53049-001 August 2021 People’s Republic of China: Jiangxi Ganzhou Rural Vitalization and Comprehensive Environment Improvement Prepared by the Ganzhou Municipal Government for the Asian Development Bank CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 2 August 2021) Currency unit - yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = US$0.1548 US$1.00 = CNY6.4615 ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank GRM - Grievance redress mechanism AGQ - Air quality guideline IA - Implementing Agency BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand IEE - Initial Environmental Examination CNY - Chinese Yuan LIC - Loan implementation consultant COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand LIEC - Loan implementation environment consultant CRVA - Climate risk vulnerability assessment LISC - Loan implementation social consultant CS-EMP - Construction Site EMP MEE - Ministry of Ecology and Environment CSC - Construction supervision company Mu - Chinese land unit (1 ha = 15 mu) DEIA - Domestic Environmental Impact Assessment NPS - Non-point source DO - Dissolved oxygen O&M - Operation and maintenance EA - Executing Agency OPF - Operator of project facility EEB - Ecology and Environment Bureau PM - Particulate matter EED - Ecology and Environment Department PMO - Project management office EHS - Environmental, health and safety PRC - People's Republic of China EIA - Environment Impact Assessment REA - Rapid environment assessment EMP - Environmental Management Plan SCL - Safeguard commitment letter EMS - Environmental monitoring station SPS - Safeguard Policy Statement EPA - Environmental protection agency SS - Suspended solid ESMS - Environmental and social management system SWTS - Solid waste transfer station FIL - Financial intermediary loan TA Transaction technical assistance FB - Forestry bureau WHO - World health organization FSR - Feasibility Study Report WRB - Water resource bureau GDP - Gross Domestic Product WSP - Water supply plant GHG - Greenhouse Gas WWTP - Wastewater treatment plan GMG - Ganzhou Municipal Government WEIGHTS AND MEASURES oC degree centigrade m2 square meter dB decibel m3/a cubic meter per annum g gram m3 cubic meter ha hectare m3/d cubic meter per day km kilometer m3/s cubic meter per second km2 square kilometer mg/l milligram per liter kW kilowatt mg/m3 milligram per cubic meter L liter Mm millimeter LAeq Equivalent continuous A-weighted sound T metric ton pressure level MW megawatt t/d metric ton per day m meter t/a ton per annum NOTE In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Asian Development Bank's (ADB) Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the "terms of use" section on ADB's website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 A. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 6 B. Background ..................................................................................................... 6 C. Project Components ........................................................................................ 7 D. Project benefits and features ........................................................................... 8 E. Environmental Baseline ................................................................................... 9 F. Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures ................................................ 10 G. Public Consultation and Grievance Redress Mechanism ............................... 12 H. Climate Change ............................................................................................. 12 I. Environmental Management Plan and Environmental and Social Management System .......................................................................................................... 13 J. Risks and Assurances ................................................................................... 13 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 14 A. Overview ........................................................................................................ 14 B. PRC Legal Framework ................................................................................... 14 C. International Agreements ............................................................................... 18 D. Applicable ADB Policies and World Bank’s EHS Guidelines .......................... 19 E. Assessment Standards for Proposed Project Components ............................ 19 F. Domestic EIA Preparation and Approval ........................................................ 28 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 29 A. Rationale ....................................................................................................... 29 B. Project Impact, Outcome and Outputs ........................................................... 30 C. Project Design and Construction Methods ..................................................... 31 D. Associated, Existing and Linked Facilities ...................................................... 66 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 71 A. Physical Setting of Ganzhou Municipality ....................................................... 71 B. Ecological Resources .................................................................................... 75 C. Physical Cultural Resources .......................................................................... 90 D. Socio-economic conditions ............................................................................ 91 E. Environmental Baseline ................................................................................. 92 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 103 A. Project Area of Influence and Sensitive Receptors ...................................... 103 B. Anticipated Project Benefits and Positive Impacts ........................................ 110 C. Pre-construction Phase ................................................................................ 111 D. Construction Phase ..................................................................................... 112 E. Operational Phase ....................................................................................... 134 F. Indirect, Induced, and Cumulative Impacts .................................................. 140 G. Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions ....................................... 141 H. Environmental and Social Management System for Green Investment Fund145 iii VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 146 A. No Project Alternative .................................................................................. 146 B. Alternative Methods of Dredging .................................................................. 146 C. Alternatives for Rural Wastewater Treatment ............................................... 147 D. River Embankment Design .......................................................................... 147 E. Use of Mulching Film ................................................................................... 147 F. Overall Alternative Analysis ......................................................................... 148 VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 149 A. PRC and ADB Requirements for Information Disclosure and Public Consultation .................................................................................................................... 149 B. Information Disclosure ................................................................................. 150 C. First Round of Public Consultation ............................................................... 151 D. Second Round of Public Consultation .......................................................... 156 E. Future Information Disclosure and Public Participation ................................ 161 VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 163 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND ESMS 164 X. PROJECT ASSURANCES 165 XII. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 167 APPENDIX 1. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 168 APPENDIX 2: COVID 19 – PANDEMIC: APPLICATION OF INTERNATIONAL GOOD PRACTICE AT THE WORKPLACE 219 APPENDIX 3: SEDIMENT ANALYSIS REPORT PREPARED BY THE DEIA INSTITUTE 224 APPENDIX 4: SUBPROJECT LOCATION MAPS 232 APPENDIX 5: SUBPROJECT LOCATIONS WITHIN PROTECTED AREAS 287 APPENDIX 6: DISTRIBUTION MAP OF ANCIENT TREES IN THE PROJECT AREA 293 Poyang Lake Gan River Gan River basin area Gong River Mei River Ping River Shangyou River Zhang River Project involved river basin area Xiang River Main stream of Gan River Primary tributary of Gan River Secondary tributary of Gan River River Basin of Gan River Map 1: Location of Proposed Project (source: the FSR) v 6 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A. Introduction 1. During the past decade, there has been increased environmental and ecological degradation in the rural areas in Ganzhou Municipality (Ganzhou), and the city has a weak institutional capacity on environmental management. The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has requested the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to provide investment support and technical assistance for the Jiangxi Ganzhou Rural Vitalization and Comprehensive
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