Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE)
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Supplementary Appendix 1. Search Strategy for the Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance Supplemental material placed on this supplemental material which has been supplied by the author(s) Thorax Supplementary Appendix 1. Search strategy for the systematic review and meta-analysis # COVID-19 AND (ACEI or ARB) Pubmed #1. COVID-19 ((((novel[Title/Abstract]) AND (((corona[Title/Abstract]) AND virus[Title/Abstract]) OR (coronavirus[Title/Abstract]))) OR ((COVID[Title/Abstract]) OR (COVID-19[Title/Abstract]) OR (nCoV[Title/Abstract]) OR (2019-nCoV[Title/Abstract]) OR (Novel Coronavirus Pneumon.ia[Title/Abstract]) OR (NCP[Title/Abstract]) OR (severe acute respiratory infection[Title/Abstract]) OR (SARI[Title/Abstract]) OR (SARS-CoV-2[Title/Abstract]))) #2. ARB (("Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists"[Mesh]) OR (((angiotensin receptor blocker[Title/Abstract]) OR angiotensin receptor blockers[Title/Abstract]) OR ARB.*[Title/Abstract]) OR (((angiotensin[Title/Abstract]) AND receptor[Title/Abstract]) AND (antagonist.*[Title/Abstract] OR inhibitor.*[Title/Abstract] OR blocker.*[Title/Abstract]))) OR (ARB[Title/Abstract]) OR (olmesartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (valsartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (eprosartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (irbesartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (candesartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (losartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (telmisartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (azilsartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (tasosartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (embusartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (forasartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (milfasartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (saprisartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (zolasartan[Title/Abstract]) -
The Direct Effects of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme
European Journal of Endocrinology (2006) 154 355–361 ISSN 0804-4643 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY The direct effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, zofenoprilat and enalaprilat, on isolated human pancreatic islets Roberto Lupi, Silvia Del Guerra, Marco Bugliani, Ugo Boggi1, Franco Mosca1, Scilla Torri, Stefano Del Prato and Piero Marchetti Metabolic Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Ospedale Cisanello, via Paradisa 2, 56100 Pisa, Italy and 1Transplant Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, Menarini Ricerche SpA, Florence, Italy (Correspondence should be addressed to P Marchetti; Email: [email protected]) Abstract Objective: Data from prospective studies suggest a significant reduction in the risk of new diabetes from drug therapies containing angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Since the renin–angio- tensin system (RAS) has been found locally in several tissues and cells, including pancreatic islets, we hypothesized that the positive metabolic effects of ACE inhibitors may be due to a beneficial action of these compounds on insulin-secreting b-cells. Design and methods: Isolated human pancreatic islets were studied after 24 h of incubation with 22.2 mmol/l glucose, with or without the presence in the incubation medium of 0.5–6.0 mmol/l zofe- noprilat or enalaprilat, ACE inhibitor drugs which differ by the presence of a sulphydryl or a carboxyl group in their structural formula. Functional and molecular studies were then performed to assess insulin secretion, redox balance, mRNA and protein expression. Results: Angiotensinogen, ACE and angiotensin type 1 receptor mRNA expression increased in islets cultured in high glucose; this was similarly prevented by the presence of either ACE inhibitor. -
A Global Review on Short Peptides: Frontiers and Perspectives †
molecules Review A Global Review on Short Peptides: Frontiers and Perspectives † Vasso Apostolopoulos 1 , Joanna Bojarska 2,* , Tsun-Thai Chai 3 , Sherif Elnagdy 4 , Krzysztof Kaczmarek 5 , John Matsoukas 1,6,7, Roger New 8,9, Keykavous Parang 10 , Octavio Paredes Lopez 11 , Hamideh Parhiz 12, Conrad O. Perera 13, Monica Pickholz 14,15, Milan Remko 16, Michele Saviano 17, Mariusz Skwarczynski 18, Yefeng Tang 19, Wojciech M. Wolf 2,*, Taku Yoshiya 20 , Janusz Zabrocki 5, Piotr Zielenkiewicz 21,22 , Maha AlKhazindar 4 , Vanessa Barriga 1, Konstantinos Kelaidonis 6, Elham Mousavinezhad Sarasia 9 and Istvan Toth 18,23,24 1 Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; [email protected] (V.A.); [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (V.B.) 2 Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego˙ 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland 3 Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar 31900, Malaysia; [email protected] 4 Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamaa St., Giza 12613, Egypt; [email protected] (S.E.); [email protected] (M.A.) 5 Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego˙ 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; [email protected] (K.K.); [email protected] (J.Z.) 6 NewDrug, Patras Science Park, 26500 Patras, Greece; [email protected] 7 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, -
WO 2017/055924 A2 6 April 2017 (06.04.2017) W P O PCT
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2017/055924 A2 6 April 2017 (06.04.2017) W P O PCT (51) International Patent Classification: AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, A61K 33/04 (2006.01) A61K 9/00 (2006.01) BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (21) International Application Number: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, PCT/IB2016/0015 10 KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, (22) International Filing Date: MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, 28 September 2016 (28.09.201 6) OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, (25) Filing Language: English TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, (26) Publication Language: English ZW. (30) Priority Data: (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every 62/233,906 28 September 2015 (28.09.2015) US kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, 62/233,941 28 September 2015 (28.09.2015) US GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, (71) Applicant: M.G. -
Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Supplementary material BMJ Open Ovid MEDLINE(R) and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily <1946 to September 16, 2019> # Searches Results 1 exp Hypertension/ 247434 2 hypertens*.tw,kf. 420857 3 ((high* or elevat* or greater* or control*) adj4 (blood or systolic or diastolic) adj4 68657 pressure*).tw,kf. 4 1 or 2 or 3 501365 5 Sex Characteristics/ 52287 6 Sex/ 7632 7 Sex ratio/ 9049 8 Sex Factors/ 254781 9 ((sex* or gender* or man or men or male* or woman or women or female*) adj3 336361 (difference* or different or characteristic* or ratio* or factor* or imbalanc* or issue* or specific* or disparit* or dependen* or dimorphism* or gap or gaps or influenc* or discrepan* or distribut* or composition*)).tw,kf. 10 or/5-9 559186 11 4 and 10 24653 12 exp Antihypertensive Agents/ 254343 13 (antihypertensiv* or anti-hypertensiv* or ((anti?hyperten* or anti-hyperten*) adj5 52111 (therap* or treat* or effective*))).tw,kf. 14 Calcium Channel Blockers/ 36287 15 (calcium adj2 (channel* or exogenous*) adj2 (block* or inhibitor* or 20534 antagonist*)).tw,kf. 16 (agatoxin or amlodipine or anipamil or aranidipine or atagabalin or azelnidipine or 86627 azidodiltiazem or azidopamil or azidopine or belfosdil or benidipine or bepridil or brinazarone or calciseptine or caroverine or cilnidipine or clentiazem or clevidipine or columbianadin or conotoxin or cronidipine or darodipine or deacetyl n nordiltiazem or deacetyl n o dinordiltiazem or deacetyl o nordiltiazem or deacetyldiltiazem or dealkylnorverapamil or dealkylverapamil -
The Direct Effects of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme
European Journal of Endocrinology (2006) 154 355–361 ISSN 0804-4643 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY The direct effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, zofenoprilat and enalaprilat, on isolated human pancreatic islets Roberto Lupi, Silvia Del Guerra, Marco Bugliani, Ugo Boggi1, Franco Mosca1, Scilla Torri, Stefano Del Prato and Piero Marchetti Metabolic Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Ospedale Cisanello, via Paradisa 2, 56100 Pisa, Italy and 1Transplant Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, Menarini Ricerche SpA, Florence, Italy (Correspondence should be addressed to P Marchetti; Email: [email protected]) Abstract Objective: Data from prospective studies suggest a significant reduction in the risk of new diabetes from drug therapies containing angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Since the renin–angio- tensin system (RAS) has been found locally in several tissues and cells, including pancreatic islets, we hypothesized that the positive metabolic effects of ACE inhibitors may be due to a beneficial action of these compounds on insulin-secreting b-cells. Design and methods: Isolated human pancreatic islets were studied after 24 h of incubation with 22.2 mmol/l glucose, with or without the presence in the incubation medium of 0.5–6.0 mmol/l zofe- noprilat or enalaprilat, ACE inhibitor drugs which differ by the presence of a sulphydryl or a carboxyl group in their structural formula. Functional and molecular studies were then performed to assess insulin secretion, redox balance, mRNA and protein expression. Results: Angiotensinogen, ACE and angiotensin type 1 receptor mRNA expression increased in islets cultured in high glucose; this was similarly prevented by the presence of either ACE inhibitor. -
Healthcare Bulletin |
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE MANAGEMENT | REVIEW Safety and Efficacy of the bi-Sulfydryl ACE-Inhibitor Zofenopril in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease Claudio Napoli, Department of General Pathology, Division of Clinical Pathology & Excellence Research Centre on Cardiovascular Disease Recieved 15/08/2009, Reviewed 21/08/2009, Accepted 27/08/2009 Keywords: ACE, zofenopril, atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction DOI:10.5083/ apjcm.20424906.05 ABSTRACT CORRESPONDENCE In the 1970s, pharmacological therapy interrupting the renin-angiotensin system was considered Claudio Napoli beneficial for patients with high-renin hypertension. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) Department of inhibitors proved to be effective not only in patients with high renin and elevated blood pressure, General Pathology, but also in many hypertensive patients with normal levels of plasma renin activity. ACE inhibitors are Division of Clinical Pathology used in a wide range of chronic illnesses such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and Excellence Research Centre on Cardiovascular heart failure, diabetic complications, and stroke. To date, more than ninety controlled clinical trials Disease, evaluating the beneficial effects of 14 different ACE inhibitors were conducted. Moreover, data from 1st School of Medicine, experimental studies showed that ACE inhibitors can attenuate the development of atherosclerosis, II University of Naples, oxidative stress, and vascular inflammation in a wide range of species indicating that ACE inhibition Complesso S. Andrea also favourably affects the vasculature. More than fifteen years ago, the bi-sulfydryl ACE-inhibitor delle Dame, zofenopril has shown an excellent clinical safety and efficacy in patients with hypertension and in 80138 Naples, those with myocardial infarction. More recently, this compound exhibited a potent antioxidant and Italy. -
The Use of Stems in the Selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for Pharmaceutical Substances
WHO/PSM/QSM/2006.3 The use of stems in the selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for pharmaceutical substances 2006 Programme on International Nonproprietary Names (INN) Quality Assurance and Safety: Medicines Medicines Policy and Standards The use of stems in the selection of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for pharmaceutical substances FORMER DOCUMENT NUMBER: WHO/PHARM S/NOM 15 © World Health Organization 2006 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; e-mail: [email protected]). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. -
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE)
Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) indirectly increases blood pressure by causing blood vessels to constrict. ACE does that by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which constricts the vessels. ACE, angiotensin I and angiotensin II are part of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which controls blood pressure by regulating the volume of fluids in the body. ACE is secreted in the lungs and kidneys by cells in the endothelium (inner layer) of blood vessels. It has two primary functions: ACE catalyses the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor in a substrate concentration-dependent manner. ACE degrades bradykinin, a potent vasodilator, and other vasoactive peptides. These two actions make ACE inhibition a goal in the treatment of conditions such as high blood pressure, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Inhibition of ACE (by ACE inhibitors) results in the decreased formation of angiotensin II and decreased metabolism of bradykinin, leading to systematic dilation of the arteries and veins and a decrease in arterial blood pressure. www.MedChemExpress.com 1 Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors & Activators (R)-MLN-4760 Alamandine Cat. No.: HY-19414A Cat. No.: HY-P3108 (R)-MLN-4760, the R-enantiomer of MLN-4760, is an Alamandine, a member of the renin-angiotensin ACE2 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 8.4 μM. system (RAS), a vasoactive peptide, is an (R)-MLN-4760 is the less active isomer. endogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor MrgD. Alamandine targets to protect the kidney and heart through anti-hypertensive actions. Purity: >98% Purity: 98.95% Clinical Data: No Development Reported Clinical Data: No Development Reported Size: 1 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 25 mg Size: 5 mg Angiotensin (1-7) Angiotensin (1-7) (acetate) (Ang-(1-7)) Cat. -
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in the Treatment of Hypertension
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Publications of the IAS Fellows CHEMISTRY – STRUCTURE, SYNTHESIS AND DYNAMICS Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in the treatment of hypertension Bhaskar J. Bhuyan and Govindasamy Mugesh* Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India verting enzyme’ (ACE). Further, ACE is also responsible Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) catalyses the conversion of angiotensin I (Ang I) to angiotensin II for the elevation of BP by cleaving the terminal dipeptide (Phe–Arg) of vasodilator hormone bradykinin to its (Ang II). The ACE activity directly related to hyperten- 5,6 sion as Ang II is the blood pressure regulating hormone. inactive form (bradykinin 1–7, Figure 1) . Therefore, ACE inhibitors are a major class of anti- Involvement of RAS in elevation of BP was reported hypertensive drugs. Captopril, chemical name, was for the first time by Tigerstedt and Bergman7, who have the first orally active ACE inhibitory antihypertensive shown that the saline extract of kidney contains some drug, discovered in 1977. Since then, a number of such vasopressor (material that increases BP) activity. It was drugs have been synthesized. Enzyme-inhibitor bound named ‘renin’ as it was extracted from kidney. In 1940s, crystal structural studies reveal a great deal of under- Braun-Mendez and co-workers8 discovered that renin standing about the interactions of the inhibitors at the catalyses the formation of the actual pressor agent, the active site of ACE. This can be helpful in the rational ‘angiotensinogen’ (also called hypertensinogen). -
Supplementary Appendix 1. Search Strategy for the Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance Supplemental material placed on this supplemental material which has been supplied by the author(s) Thorax Supplementary Appendix 1. Search strategy for the systematic review and meta-analysis # COVID-19 AND (ACEI or ARB) Pubmed #1. COVID-19 ((((novel[Title/Abstract]) AND (((corona[Title/Abstract]) AND virus[Title/Abstract]) OR (coronavirus[Title/Abstract]))) OR ((COVID[Title/Abstract]) OR (COVID-19[Title/Abstract]) OR (nCoV[Title/Abstract]) OR (2019-nCoV[Title/Abstract]) OR (Novel Coronavirus Pneumon.ia[Title/Abstract]) OR (NCP[Title/Abstract]) OR (severe acute respiratory infection[Title/Abstract]) OR (SARI[Title/Abstract]) OR (SARS-CoV-2[Title/Abstract]))) #2. ARB (("Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists"[Mesh]) OR (((angiotensin receptor blocker[Title/Abstract]) OR angiotensin receptor blockers[Title/Abstract]) OR ARB.*[Title/Abstract]) OR (((angiotensin[Title/Abstract]) AND receptor[Title/Abstract]) AND (antagonist.*[Title/Abstract] OR inhibitor.*[Title/Abstract] OR blocker.*[Title/Abstract]))) OR (ARB[Title/Abstract]) OR (olmesartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (valsartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (eprosartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (irbesartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (candesartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (losartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (telmisartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (azilsartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (tasosartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (embusartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (forasartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (milfasartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (saprisartan[Title/Abstract]) OR (zolasartan[Title/Abstract]) -
Drugs for Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: an Overview of Systematic Reviews
Supplementary Online Content Karmali KN, Lloyd-Jones DM, Berendsen MA, et al. Drugs for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: an overview of systematic reviews. JAMA Cardiol. Published online April 27, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2016.0218. eAppendix 1. Search Documentation Details eAppendix 2. Background, Methods, and Results of Systematic Review of Combination Drug Therapy to Evaluate for Potential Interaction of Effects eAppendix 3. PRISMA Flow Charts for Each Drug Class and Detailed Systematic Review Characteristics and Summary of Included Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses eAppendix 4. List of Excluded Studies and Reasons for Exclusion This supplementary material has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work. © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. 1 Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/28/2021 eAppendix 1. Search Documentation Details. Database Organizing body Purpose Pros Cons Cochrane Cochrane Library in Database of all available -Curated by the Cochrane -Content is limited to Database of the United Kingdom systematic reviews and Collaboration reviews completed Systematic (UK) protocols published by by the Cochrane Reviews the Cochrane -Only systematic reviews Collaboration Collaboration and systematic review protocols Database of National Health Collection of structured -Curated by Centre for -Only provides Abstracts of Services (NHS) abstracts and Reviews and Dissemination structured abstracts Reviews of Centre for Reviews bibliographic