Creative Society: Concepts and Problems
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
CULTURA CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE CULTURA AND AXIOLOGY Founded in 2004, Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of 2015 Culture and Axiology is a semiannual peer-reviewed journal devo- 2 2015 Vol XII No 2 ted to philosophy of culture and the study of value. It aims to pro- mote the exploration of different values and cultural phenomena in regional and international contexts. The editorial board encourages the submission of manuscripts based on original research that are judged to make a novel and important contribution to understan- ding the values and cultural phenomena in the contempo rary world. CULTURE AND AXIOLOGY CULTURE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY INTERNATIONAL ISBN 978-3-631-66790-3 www.peterlang.com CULTURA 2015_266790_VOL_12_No2_GR_A5Br.indd 1 27.10.15 KW 44 19:44 CULTURA CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE CULTURA AND AXIOLOGY Founded in 2004, Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of 2015 Culture and Axiology is a semiannual peer-reviewed journal devo- 2 2015 Vol XII No 2 ted to philosophy of culture and the study of value. It aims to pro- mote the exploration of different values and cultural phenomena in regional and international contexts. The editorial board encourages the submission of manuscripts based on original research that are judged to make a novel and important contribution to understan- ding the values and cultural phenomena in the contempo rary world. CULTURE AND AXIOLOGY CULTURE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY INTERNATIONAL www.peterlang.com CULTURA 2015_266790_VOL_12_No2_GR_A5Br.indd 1 27.10.15 KW 44 19:44 CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE AND AXIOLOGY Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology E-ISSN (Online): 2065-5002 ISSN (Print): 1584-1057 Advisory Board Prof. Dr. David Altman, Instituto de Ciencia Política, Universidad Catolica de Chile, Chile Prof. Emeritus Dr. Horst Baier, University of Konstanz, Germany Prof. Dr. David Cornberg, University Ming Chuan, Taiwan Prof. Dr. Paul Cruysberghs, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Prof. Dr. Nic Gianan, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines Prof. Dr. Marco Ivaldo, Department of Philosophy “A. Aliotta”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Italy Prof. Dr. Michael Jennings, Princeton University, USA Prof. Dr. Maximiliano E. Korstanje, University of Palermo, Argentina Prof. Dr. Richard L. Lanigan, Southern Illinois University, USA Prof. Dr. Christian Lazzeri, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, France Prof. Dr. Massimo Leone, University of Torino, Italy Prof. Dr. Asunción López-Varela Azcárate, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain Prof. Dr. Christian Möckel, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany Prof. Dr. Devendra Nath Tiwari, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India Prof. Dr. José María Paz Gago, University of Coruña, Spain Prof. Dr. Mario Perniola, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy Prof. Dr. Traian D. Stănciulescu, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Iassy, Romania Prof. Dr. Steven Tötösy de Zepetnek, Purdue University & Ghent University Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief: Co-Editors: Prof. dr. Nicolae Râmbu Prof. dr. Aldo Marroni Faculty of Philosophy and Social- Dipartimento di Lettere, Arti e Scienze Sociali Political Sciences Università degli Studi G. d’Annunzio Alexandru Ioan Cuza University Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo, Italy B-dul Carol I, nr. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania [email protected] [email protected] PD Dr. Till Kinzel Executive Editor: Englisches Seminar Dr. Simona Mitroiu Technische Universität Braunschweig, Human Sciences Research Department Bienroder Weg 80, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University 38106 Braunschweig, Germany Lascar Catargi, nr. 54, 700107 Iasi, Romania [email protected] [email protected] Editorial Assistant: Dr. Marius Sidoriuc Designer: Aritia Poenaru Cultura International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology Vol. 12, No. 2 (2015) Editor-in-Chief Nicolae Râmbu Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. Cover Image: © Aritia Poenaru ISSN 2065-5002 ISBN 978-3-631-66790-3 (Print) E-ISBN 978-3-653-06461-2 (E-Book) DOI 10.3726/978-3-653-06461-2 © Peter Lang GmbH Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften Frankfurt am Main 2015 All rights reserved. Peter Lang Edition is an Imprint of Peter Lang GmbH. Peter Lang – Frankfurt am Main · Bern · Bruxelles · New York · Oxford · Warszawa · Wien All parts of this publication are protected by copyright. Any utilisation outside the strict limits of the copyright law, without the permission of the publisher, is forbidden and liable to prosecution. This applies in particular to reproductions, translations, microfilming, and storage and processing in electronic retrieval systems. This publication has been peer reviewed. www.peterlang.com CONTENTS Polycarp Ikuenobe 7 Cultural Dynamics, Moral Ignorance, and a Plausible Response to Immoral Acts Tomas Kačerauskas 27 Creative Society: Concepts and Problems Rubén Herce 45 Christopher Dawson on Spengler, Toynbee, Eliot and the notion of Culture Mahdi Dahmardeh 61 Language and Culture: Can we shape what the future holds? Weilin Fang 73 Anoixism and Its Idealistic Pursuit Georg W. Oesterdiekhoff 81 Evolution of Democracy. Psychological Stages and Political Developments in World History Alexandru Petrescu 103 Cultural – Philosophical Debate concerning the german Origin, the Specificity and the Evolution of the analytical Philosophy Mariana Momanu & Nicoleta Laura Popa 115 Nationalism and Europeanism in Education: A Critical Analysis of Alternatives Corneliu C. Simuţ 129 Promoting Ancestry as Ecodomy in Indigenous African Religions Cristian Iftode 145 The Ethical Meaning of Foucault’s Aesthetics of Existence Gulbakyt Shashayeva & Zhakhan Z. Moldabekov 163 Hospitality in Kazakhstan: The Empire Sings Back 10.3726/266790_27 Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology 12(2)/2015: 27–44 Creative Society: Concepts and Problems Tomas Kačerauskas Department of Philosophy and Communication Vilnius Gediminas Technical University e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The article deals with the concepts and problems of creative society. The author analyses the postmodern, post-industrial, post-rational, post-democratic, post-economic, post-capitalistic distinctiveness of creative society. According to the author, creative society has characteristics such as “outstanding-ness” (of both individual and society), creative living, and casual work relations. The paper deals with the creative aspects of entertainment and with the role of technologies in creative society. The author presents the sketches of creative ecology and creative ethics, the difficulties of empirically researching creativity and potential creative indexes as well as the problems regarding their evaluation. The research appeals to different approaches of creative society (including sociological, and philosophical) as well as methods used in different fields of the humanities (communication, media studies, narrative studies, and cultural studies). The author presents the key scholars of creative society and possible avenues of research emerging from this new subject. Keywords: creative society, creative industries, entertainment industries, creative ethics, creative ecology INTRODUCTION The concept of creative society1 is both old and new. By developing the arts and sciences, as well as seeking political and military achievements, every historical society is a creative one. In other words, creativity, which is often identified with culture, is that which allowed the society or civilization to rise above the others. We can talk here about creativity in both narrow and broad senses: the former covers the professional activities of a society’s members, and the latter covers social creativity, including searching for a safer, more sustainable, and more fruitful coexistence. A society’s creative advantage has ensured its happiness and persistence as well. Here a question emerges regarding which form of political coexistence ensures the most effective social creativity in both senses. Nevertheless, by warranting social mobility and novelty, creativity constitutes a threat for social identity must be connected with certain stability. An unstable social environment disturbs not only social and individual identities but also creativity itself. Considering that identity is 27 Tomas Kačerauskas / Creative Society connected with accumulated social capital, creative capital should not be exchanged with social capital like a new currency during a monetary reform (which commonly impoverishes society) but, rather be allowed to interact with it by appealing to creative identity inseparable from the social one. Despite the fact that the importance of creativity has been considered by both historical actors and social theoreticians (since at least Plato), treating creativity as a measure of civilization in historical scholarship presents many obstacles. First, it is unclear both what kind of creative criteria should be used and to what parts of society they should be applied. Second, it is unclear whether creativity and ingenuity are the distinctive features of an outstanding society or civilization. Third, it is unclear to what area should creativity’s importance be attached. For example, military ingenuity does not