Electoral Administration Act 2006
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Immigration, (2021)
Right to respect for private and family life: immigration, (2021) Right to respect for private and family life: immigration Last date of review: 02 March 2021 Last update: General updating. Authored by Austen Morgan 33 Bedford Row Chambers Convention rights - from the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and given further effect by scheduling to the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA) have applied incontrovertibly in domestic UK law since 2 October 2000. There was considerable discussion from 1997 about which rights would be litigated in future years, on the basis of the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) at Strasbourg, in the three jurisdictions of the United Kingdom (UK): England and Wales; Scotland; and Northern Ireland. Some commentators anticipated that art.8 (the right to respect for private and family life) would be important, as the basis of a new domestic right to privacy. Few, if any, predicted that the family life aspect of art.8 would play a significant role in UK immigration law and practice; this regulates the entry (and possibly exit) of non-nationals, whether as visitors, students, workers, investors or residents. Overview of Topic 1. This article looks at legislative, executive and judicial attempts to limit such art.8 cases since 2000, a project led by successive Secretaries of State (SoS) for the Home Department, of whom there have been six Labour, one coalition Conservative and three Conservatives in the past 20 years. 2. It considers the following topics: the structure of art.8 in immigration cases; how the SoS might theoretically limit its effect in tribunals and courts; the failed attempt to do so through the Immigration Rules; the slightly more successful attempt to do so through statute; the mixed response of the senior judiciary; and future prospects. -
Elections Bill Explanatory Notes
ELECTIONS BILL EXPLANATORY NOTES What these notes do These Explanatory Notes relate to the Elections Bill as introduced in the House of Commons on 5 July 2021 (Bill 138). ● These Explanatory Notes have been provided by the Cabinet Office in order to assist the reader of the Bill. They do not form part of the Bill and have not been endorsed by Parliament. ● These Explanatory Notes explain what each part of the Bill will mean in practice; provide background information on the development of policy; and provide additional information on how the Bill will affect existing legislation in this area. ● These Explanatory Notes might best be read alongside the Bill. They are not, and are not intended to be, a comprehensive description of the Bill. Bill 138–EN 58/2 Table of Contents Subject Page of these Notes Overview of the Bill 3 Policy Background 5 Legal background 19 Territorial Extent and Application 22 Commentary on Provisions of Bill 25 Part 1: Administration and Conduct of Elections 25 Voter Identification 25 Postal and Proxy Voting 35 Undue Influence 46 Assistance with voting for persons with disabilities 51 Northern Ireland elections 52 Part 2: Overseas Electors and EU Citizens 62 Overseas Electors 62 Clause 10: Extension of franchise for parliamentary elections: British citizens overseas 62 Voting and Candidacy Rights of EU citizens 69 Clause 11: Voting and Candidacy Rights of EU citizens 69 Part 3: The Electoral Commission 84 The Electoral Commission 84 Criminal Proceedings 87 Part 4: Regulation of Expenditure 88 Notional expenditure -
Immigration Law Affecting Commonwealth Citizens Who Entered the United Kingdom Before 1973
© 2018 Bruce Mennell (04/05/18) Immigration Law Affecting Commonwealth Citizens who entered the United Kingdom before 1973 Summary This article outlines the immigration law and practices of the United Kingdom applying to Commonwealth citizens who came to the UK before 1973, primarily those who had no ancestral links with the British Isles. It attempts to identify which Commonwealth citizens automatically acquired indefinite leave to enter or remain under the Immigration Act 1971, and what evidence may be available today. This article was inspired by the problems faced by many Commonwealth citizens who arrived in the UK in the 1950s and 1960s, who have not acquired British citizenship and who are now experiencing difficulty demonstrating that they have a right to remain in the United Kingdom under the current law of the “Hostile Environment”. In the ongoing media coverage, they are often described as the “Windrush Generation”, loosely suggesting those who came from the West Indies in about 1949. However, their position is fairly similar to that of other immigrants of the same era from other British territories and newly independent Commonwealth countries, which this article also tries to cover. Various conclusions arise. Home Office record keeping was always limited. The pre 1973 law and practice is more complex than generally realised. The status of pre-1973 migrants in the current law is sometimes ambiguous or unprovable. The transitional provisions of the Immigration Act 1971 did not intersect cleanly with the earlier law leaving uncertainty and gaps. An attempt had been made to identify categories of Commonwealth citizens who entered the UK before 1973 and acquired an automatic right to reside in the UK on 1 January 1973. -
Download PDF on Watching the Watchmen
REPORT Watching the Watchmen The Growing Case for Recall Elections and Increased Accountability for MPs Sam Goodman About the Author Sam Goodman is the author of the Imperial Premiership: The Role of the Modern Prime Minister in Foreign Policy Making, 1964-2015 (Manchester University Press: 2015). He is currently working as a political adviser to Peter Dowd MP the current Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury and has previously worked for a variety of Labour Members of Parliament including: Julie Cooper MP, Sir Mark Hendrick MP, Michael Dugher MP, and Rt. Hon Jack Straw MP. Watching the Watchmen: The Growing Case for Recall Elections and Increased Accountability for MPs Members of the House of Commons have long flirted parliamentary conventions and much procedure with the idea of British exceptionalism—citing the is arcane, which makes it difficult even for the UK’s role as the ‘mother of all parliaments’, its most ardent politically engaged citizen to follow unwritten constitution, its unitary voting system, proceedings and debates in the House of Commons. and the principle of the sovereignty of Parliament This separation between the governors and over the people—as a bulwark against the instability governed is exacerbated further by the limited customarily found in other western democracies. avenues available to the public to hold those elected In modern times, this argument held water as to account, which is exemplified by recent political it delivered stable parliamentary majorities, scandals, including allegations of bullying and peaceful transfers of power between governments, sexual harassment in the House of Commons. At the and kept in check the ideological fringes of both time of writing this report, no MP has been forced major political parties. -
Bail Guidance for Immigration Judges
Mr Clements PRESIDENT OF THE FIRST-TIER TRIBUNAL IMMIGRATION AND ASYLUM CHAMBER Presidential Guidance Note No 1 of 2012. BAIL GUIDANCE FOR JUDGES PRESIDING OVER IMMIGRATION AND ASYLUM HEARINGS Implemented on Monday 11 June 2012. (IMMIGRATION AND ASYLUM CHAMBER) FIRST-TIER TRIBUNAL (IMMIGRATION AND ASYLUM CHAMBER) BAIL GUIDANCE FOR FIRST-TIER TRIBUNAL JUDGES SAFEGUARDING LIBERTY 1. The right to liberty is a fundamental right enjoyed by all people in the United Kingdom, whether British citizens or subject to immigration control. It is a right established in common law as well as protected by the European Convention on Human Rights.1 There are occasions where a person may be legitimately deprived of their liberty including when the immigration authorities2 are investigating whether a person who is not a citizen is entitled to enter or stay in the United Kingdom or where a decision has been made to remove a person from the country.3 2. British immigration laws set out the powers of the immigration authorities to detain those who are subject to immigration control.4 The laws provide safeguards to prevent the powers of detention from being used disproportionately or excessively. Most of the safeguards (temporary release, temporary admission and Chief Immigration Officer bail) are available to the immigration authorities themselves. In addition, the laws provide that any person held in immigration detention may apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) (hereafter the Tribunal) for immigration bail. Such applications will be decided by a First-tier Tribunal Judge. When judges of the Upper Tribunal (IAC) consider bail they do so as judges of the First-tier Tribunal.5 3. -
1958 Thursday, 17 December 2020 111
THE SOVEREIGN BASE AREAS OF AKROTIRI AND DHEKELIA GAZETTE Published by Authority SERIAL No. 1958 Thursday, 17 December 2020 111 CONTENTS: (27) UK Legislation applicable to the Sovereign Base Areas ADMINISTRATION NOTICES: (See (27) overleaf) 27. UK Legislation applicable to the Sovereign Base Areas. _________________ _____________________ By the Administrator's Command, Michael John Smith, Chief Officer, Sovereign Base Areas. Published by the Sovereign Base Areas Administration The Sovereign Base Areas Gazette may be viewed on the official Sovereign Base Area Administration web site: http://sbaadministration.org/ (27) UK Legislation applicable to the Sovereign Base Areas The Iraq (Sanctions) (Overseas Territories) Order 2020 The Iraq (Sanctions) (Overseas Territories) Order 2020 and comes into force on IP completion day (Schedule 1 to the Interpretation Act 1978 (c. 30) provides that “IP completion day” has the same meaning as in the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 (c. 1) (see section 39(1) to (5) of that Act). This Order extends with modifications the Iraq (Sanctions) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020 (S.I. 2020/707) (“the Iraq Regulations”) as amended from time to time to all British overseas territories except Bermuda and Gibraltar (which implement sanctions under their own legislative arrangements). A copy of the Order is available on the Administration website http://sbaadministration.org at the www.legislation.gov.uk website and at https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2020/1260/made/data.pdf ____________________________ The Venezuela (Sanctions) (Overseas Territories) Order 2020 The Venezuela (Sanctions) (Overseas Territories) Order 2020 and comes into force immediately after both the Sanctions (EU Exit) (Miscellaneous Amendments) (No. -
British Nationality Act 1981
Status: This version of this Act contains provisions that are prospective. Changes to legislation: There are outstanding changes not yet made by the legislation.gov.uk editorial team to British Nationality Act 1981. Any changes that have already been made by the team appear in the content and are referenced with annotations. (See end of Document for details) British Nationality Act 1981 1981 CHAPTER 61 An Act to make fresh provision about citizenship and nationality, and to amend the Immigration Act 1971 as regards the right of abode in the United Kingdom. [30th October 1981] Annotations: Modifications etc. (not altering text) C1 Act extended by British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983 (c. 6, SIF 87), s. 3(1); restricted by British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983 (c. 6, SIF 87), s. 3(2); amended by S.I. 1983/1699, art. 2(1) and amended by British Nationality (Hong Kong) Act 1990 (c. 34, SIF 87), s. 2(1) C2 Act modified: (18.7.1996) by 1996 c. 41, s. 2(1); (19.3.1997) by 1997 c. 20, s. 2(1) C3 Act applied (19.3.1997) by 1997 c. 20, s. 1(8) C4 Act amended (2.10.2000) by S.I. 2000/2326, art. 8 C5 Act modified (21.5.2002) by British Overseas Territories Act 2002 (c. 8), s. 3(3); S.I. 2002/1252, art. 2 C6 Act modified (21.5.2002) by British Overseas Territories Act 2002 (c. 8), s. 6(2); S.I. 2002/1252, art. 2 Act modified (21.5.2002) by British Overseas Territories Act 2002 (c. -
12730 Analysis of Law in UK BRX:Layout 1
Analysis of Law in the United Kingdom pertaining to Cross-Border Disaster Relief Prepared for the British Red Cross by The views expressed in the report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the British Red Cross. This report is part of a wider study on cross-border disaster assistance within the EU, carried out in conjunction with five other European National Societies, under the overall co-ordination of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. The wider project received funding from the European Commission, who bear no responsibility for the content or use of the information contained in this report. Front cover photograph © Layton Thompson/British Red Cross Flood relief measures in Oxford, 25 July 2007 Analysis of Law in the United Kingdom pertaining to Cross-Border Disaster Relief Foreword The United Kingdom is in the fortunate position of Fisher (International Federation of Red Cross and Red being less susceptible to large-scale natural disasters Crescent Societies), Mr Tim Gordon (HMRC), Mr than many other countries. Even so, and as recent Gordon MacMillan (Hanover Associates UK), Mr Roy years have shown, our territory may still be subject to Wilshire (Chief Fire Officer, Hertfordshire County) such emergencies as flooding, and the effects of severe and Ms Moya Wood-Heath (British Red Cross). winter weather. We also wish to thank the authors of this report, The purpose of this study, commissioned by the British Justine Stefanelli and Sarah Williams of the British Red Cross, is to examine the extent to which the legal, Institute of International and Comparative Law, administrative and operational framework for disaster who were assisted by Katharine Everett, Frances response within the UK is able to facilitate potential McClenaghan, Hidenori Takai and Payam Yoseflavi. -
General Aviation Report
HM CUSTOMS & EXCISE UNITED KINGDOM POLICE FORCES UK IMMIGRATION SERVICE Customs & Excise PORTS OFFICE Immigration Act 1971 Management Act 1979 Terrorism Act 2000 GENERAL AVIATION REPORT UK COUNTY - AIRCRAFT DETAILS (BLOCK CAPITALS PLEASE) Data Protection Act 1984 - Information supplied on this form may be held on computer Registration: Type: Based at: Crew phone contact in UK: Owner/Operator (Not Pilot): FLIGHT DETAILS Reason for visit to * Delete as necessary (see notes overleaf) Departure Arrival EU (including UK):- * Short Term Visit / Repair / Permanent Import From: Via: To: From: To: Has UK VAT been paid on the aircraft? Yes / No Date: Time: Date: Time: Is the aircraft in free circulation in the EU? Yes / No CREW DETAILS Full Name Occupation Date of Birth Place Nationality Passport Number Home Address In Out PASSENGER DETAILS Full Name Occupation Date of Birth Place Nationality Passport Number Home Address/Address visiting in UK In Out This information is to the best of my knowledge, a true and accurate statement Signature of Pilot: This aircraft departed/arrived at ……… hours. To the best of my knowledge the passengers and crew shown were on board Signature of Handling Agent: Schedule 7 Terrorism Act 2000. Owners/agents of aircraft employed to carry passengers for reward on a journey between Great Britain & Northern Ireland and/or Eire, Isle of Man or Channel Isles (Common Travel Area) shall not arrange for it to call at a port in Great Britain or Northern Ireland to disembark or embark passengers unless the port is a designated port or the examining Police Officer approves the arrangement. -
Fixed-Term Parliaments Act
House of Commons House of Lords Joint Committee on the Fixed-Term Parliaments Act Report Session 2019–21 Report, together with formal minutes relating to the report Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 18 March 2021 Ordered by the House of Lords to be printed 18 March 2021 HC 1046 HL 253 Published on 24 March 2021 by authority of the House of Commons and House of Lords Joint Committee on the Fixed-Term Parliaments Act The Joint Committee was appointed to: (a) carry out a review of the operation of the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011, pursuant to section 7 of that Act, and if appropriate in consequence of its findings, make recommendations for the repeal or amendment of that Act; and (b) consider, as part of its work under subparagraph (a), and report on any draft Government Bill on the repeal of the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 presented to both Houses in this session. Membership House of Lords House of Commons Lord McLoughlin (Chair) (Conservative) Aaron Bell MP (Conservative, Newcastle- under-Lyme) Lord Beith (Liberal Democrat) Chris Bryant MP (Labour, Rhondda) Lord Grocott (Labour) Jackie Doyle-Price MP (Conservative, Lord Jay of Ewelme (Crossbench) Thurrock) Baroness Lawrence of Clarendon (Labour) Dame Angela Eagle MP (Labour, Wallasey) Lord Mancroft (Conservative) Maria Eagle MP (Labour, Garston and Halewood) Peter Gibson MP (Conservative, Darlington) Mr Robert Goodwill MP (Conservative, Scarborough and Whitby) David Linden MP (Scottish National Party, Glasgow East) Alan Mak MP (Conservative, Havant) Mrs Maria Miller MP -
Cabinet Office | Annual Report and Account 2019-20
Annual Report and Accounts 2019-20 HC 607 DIRECTORS’ REPORT Cabinet Office | Annual Report and Account 2019-20 ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 1 2019-20 (for period ended 31 March 2020) Accounts presented to the House of Commons pursuant to Section 6 (4) of the Government Resources and Accounts Act 2000 Annual Report presented to the House of Commons by Command of Her Majesty Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed on 21 July 2020 HC 607 D Cabinet Office | Annual Report and Account 2019-20 This is part of a series of Departmental publications which, along with the Main Estimates 2020-21 and the document Public Expenditure: Statistical Analyses 2019, present the Government’s outturn for 2019-20 and planned expenditure for 2020-21. 1 © Crown copyright 2020 This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-Government-licence/version/3 Where we have identified any third-party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This publication is available at: www.gov.uk/official-documents Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at: [email protected] ISBN – 978-1-5286-2083-3 CCS – CCS0620706748 07/20 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum. Printed in the UK by the APS Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office D Cabinet Office | Annual Report and Account 2019-20 Contents 3 D Cabinet Office | Annual Report and Account 2019-20 Cover Photo 4 70 Whitehall DIRECTORS’ REPORT Cabinet Office | Annual Report and Account 2019 20 DIRECTORS’ REPORT 5 D Cabinet Office | Annual Report and Account 2019-20 I want to put on record here my admiration for Cabinet Office’s Foreword resourceful and public-spirited staff, and their dedication to mitigating the effects of coronavirus. -
Data Protection Act 2018
Data Protection Act 2018 CHAPTER 12 Explanatory Notes have been produced to assist in the understanding of this Act and are available separately Data Protection Act 2018 CHAPTER 12 CONTENTS PART 1 PRELIMINARY 1Overview 2 Protection of personal data 3 Terms relating to the processing of personal data PART 2 GENERAL PROCESSING CHAPTER 1 SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS 4 Processing to which this Part applies 5 Definitions CHAPTER 2 THE GDPR Meaning of certain terms used in the GDPR 6 Meaning of “controller” 7 Meaning of “public authority” and “public body” Lawfulness of processing 8 Lawfulness of processing: public interest etc 9 Child’s consent in relation to information society services ii Data Protection Act 2018 (c. 12) Special categories of personal data 10 Special categories of personal data and criminal convictions etc data 11 Special categories of personal data etc: supplementary Rights of the data subject 12 Limits on fees that may be charged by controllers 13 Obligations of credit reference agencies 14 Automated decision-making authorised by law: safeguards Restrictions on data subject's rights 15 Exemptions etc 16 Power to make further exemptions etc by regulations Accreditation of certification providers 17 Accreditation of certification providers Transfers of personal data to third countries etc 18 Transfers of personal data to third countries etc Specific processing situations 19 Processing for archiving, research and statistical purposes: safeguards Minor definition 20 Meaning of “court” CHAPTER 3 OTHER GENERAL PROCESSING Scope 21 Processing