Consumer Buying Behaviour Towards Eco-Friendly Maternity Wear
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IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) e-ISSN: 2278-487X, p-ISSN: 2319-7668. Volume 19, Issue 11. Ver. V (November. 2017), PP 14-22 www.iosrjournals.org Consumer Buying Behaviour Towards Eco-Friendly Maternity Wear Mrs.R.Saranya.,MBA.,M.phil., Asst.Professor, Dept of Business Administration, NIFT-TEA college of Knitwear Fashion,Mudalipalayam,Tirupur ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------- Date of Submission: 25-10-2017 Date of acceptance: 25-11-2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- I. Introduction Pregnancy can be a fascinating phase with so many changes taking place and so many things to look forward to such as the need for comfortable maternity clothes. Various changes occur in a pregnant women's body over a time period of nine months. They may feel a bit uncomfortable, unattractive and self-conscious. In the recent decades, maternity clothes have actually become quite fashionable. There is now a never-ending list of maternity clothes that the expectant mother can select from. There are now so many choices that are available in maternity clothing to match any pregnant woman's personal style. Avoid unwanted chemical exposure by opting for these organic maternity clothes, which are also made from sustainably grown fabrics. Even though maternity wear is only useful for a few months before becoming redundant, it is still worthwhile to invest in a few high quality and versatile pieces that will make your pregnancy much more comfortable. The first thing to keep in mind when it comes to an eco-approach to maternity clothes is the Three R‟s: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. For a textile to be sustainable, it has to be made from a renewable resource, it has to have a good ecological footprint (how much land it takes to bring it to full growth and support it), and it should not use any (or use little) chemicals in the growing and processing of it. Sustainable fibers provide solution for the companies facing issues regarding environmental problems; these fibers are also favorable to meet the market demands of quality products these days. Overview of Fashionable Maternity Clothes India‟s textiles sector is one of the oldest industries in Indian economy dating back several centuries. Even today, textiles sector is one of the largest contributors to India‟s exports with approximately 11% of total exports. The Indian textiles industry is extremely varied, with the hand-spun and hand-woven textiles sectors at one end of the spectrum, while the capital intensive sophisticated mills sector at the other end of the spectrum. The decentralized power looms/ hosiery and knitting sector form the largest component of the textiles sector. Textile industries are facing a challenging condition in the field of quality and productivity, due to the globalization of the world market. The highly competitive atmosphere and as the ecological parameters becoming more stringent, it becomes the prime concern of the textile processor to be conscious about quality and ecology. Again the guidelines for the textile processing industries by the pollution control boards create concern over the environment-friendliness of the processes. This in turn makes it essential for innovations and changes in the processes. As a result, the research and development strategies of the textile processors will be highly focused and the challenges will force many changes in the textile industry. Biotechnology is one such field that is changing the conventional processing to eco friendly processing of the textiles. Maternity clothes around the world have been undergoing significant changes. In both Eastern and Western cultures, there is greater demand for fashionable maternity clothes. In Western cultures the influence of celebrity culture means that pregnant women in the public eye are taking the lead on maternity fashion. As a result, pregnant women are no longer trying to hide or disguise their "baby bumps", instead choosing to wear garments which closely fit their new shape, often emphasizing the bust and abdominal area. Women in Eastern cultures, however, have maintained a much greater sense of modesty when it comes to maternity wear. In both the Islamic and Asian cultures, maternity wear is much less fitted, hemlines are longer and necklines higher. Modern Islamic maternity wear uses fabrics with brighter colors and bolder prints. Aside from cultural modesty, Chinese women have sometimes sought to hide their second pregnancy in less shapely clothes because Chinese policy has dictated that they can only have one child. In Chinese and Japanese cultures, there is a fear of radiation from devices such as computers and mobile phones, especially during pregnancy. Even though there is no evidence to support this (according to WHO), Asian maternity wear is often manufactured from “anti- radiation” fabrics. DOI: 10.9790/487X-1911051422 www.iosrjournals.org 14 | Page Consumer Buying Behaviour Towards Eco-Friendly Maternity Wear Conceptual Framework For many decades during the 20th century, maternity wear was considered a "fashion backwater." Pinafores were the most common style and were often sold through nursery shops. Maternity clothing hasn't generally been considered a potentially profitable area for most major clothing manufacturers. The word „eco‟ is short for ecology. Ecology is the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment. Therefore „eco‟ friendly (or „ecology friendly‟) is a term to refer to goods and services considered to inflict minimal or no harm on the environment. Reason for Eco-clothing- We have come to a time in man‟s history, where all around us we see large carbon footprints that our ancestors and we have left on our environment. These footprints are not only in the form of carbon emissions, but also in the form of pollution and depletion of natural resources, etc. As more and more people come to be aware of the dire situation our environment is facing today, an increasing proportion of people are turning toward eco green living. The use of eco-friendly products like eco clothing is one aspect of eco green living. Making a truly eco-friendly product keeps both environmental and human safety in mind. At a minimum, the product is non-toxic. ECO-FRIENDLY FABRICS - Using organic fabrics is not the only way the fashion industry is going "green", but also engaging in environmentally sustainable practices, making sure that product quality is maintained, offering business and technical expertise and opportunities for worker advancement, contributing to community development, building long-term trade relationships, and being open to public accountability”. Both recycling fashion and organic clothing can contribute to eco sustainable development. There are a variety of materials considered "environmentally-friendly" for a variety of reasons. They are: I. Fibres: Hemp, Bamboo fiber, Organic cotton, Alpaca ,Soy silk , Recycled polyester ,Jute ,Tencel , Ramie ,Organic ,Fortrel Ecospun ,Milk silk , Corn fiber , Apart from the eco-friendly fibers mentioned above, here are some other eco-friendly fibers are Pineapple fiber, Banana leaf fiber, Black diamond fiber, PLA fiber, Lyocell, Lycra, Organic Wool, Organic Silk. II. Dyes: Dying is the important process which result in water pollution & more harmful to the environment. To avoid this ,there are various Dyes introduced to reduce harmfulness, they are Azo-free, Biodegradable, Chrome- free, Fiber reactive dyes, Heavy metal free , Low-impact refers to synthetic dyes , Natural dyes, etc., III Eco finishing: The finishing process that is most suitable and within the norms of eco label standards is called Eco Finishing. They are Chlorine-free bleaching, Cold or low temperature dye processes , Dry-heat fixation , Dye bath reuse , Eco bleach ,Ink-jet printing , Vegetable tanning , Waste water recycling, etc., II. Researchers Views NARDINE SAAD; December 23,2013; article ,Stylist Rachel Zoe Welcomes second beautiful, healthy‟ baby boy: “I don‟t really have maternity clothes , I don‟t dress that much differently pregnant than I do when I am not pregnant, honesly. I live in kaftans, ponchos, and drape-y tunics because I liked to be comfortable, so dressing is not that different. It , The Celebrity Stylist is the same thing but it takes no longer to get ready, I will tell you that much!” says Rachel Zoe JEANNINE STEIN; March 15, 2002; article: Not your mother‟s clothes: “Pregnancy is being approached as a time of celebration.‟ Technological advances in textile allows for fashionable, flattering clothes, and women want to show off their bodies because they‟re staying in shape throughout their pregnancies. Look for a great pair of basic black pants and a skirt. You may have to pay a little more, but they‟ll take you through the pregnancy .” According to Julie Hill, Fashion Editor Of Fit Pregnancy Magazine STEPHANIE Young, author of the “Young Pregnancy” says “The women who is getting pregnant today doesn‟t need to look like a Kewpie doll wearing Peter Pan Collar-enhanced dresses.” Robert Pollock, chief operating officer of Dallas-based Page Boy says “You have to understand there is more fabric in a maternity garment and that costs money” KARTHIKEYAN has made an investigation on consumer‟s behavior and preference towards apparel. In his study, he tried to understand the lifestyle and consumption pattern of Indian