Irosh Oemociuc

October/November 2000 Connolly Association: campaigning for a united and independent ISSN 0021-1125 60p Further radical Republicanism Cork's changes needed in the new forgotten to Police Bill century history >N Page 5 Page 7 / ; r . _ \ Page 12 END THE C COLLUSION ALLEGATIONS Democrat reporter

IN RECENT weeks the government has been forced to take draconian measures in an attempt to stem a steady flow of damaging revelations concerning allegations of collusion between the secret British security forces and loyalist terror gangs. The revelations focus on the activities of the shadowy army intelligence outfit, the Force Research Unit (FRU), whose activities are at the heart of the third Stevens inquiry into allegations of collusion. On 22 September The Sunday People failed in the to overturn a government gagging order preventing the paper from publishing further details concerning allegations that high-ranking intelligence officers were among those under investigation for "orchestrating dozens of loyalist killings". The paper had previously revealed collusion between the FRU and loyalists in the murder of Francisco Notorantonio, a pensioner and father of 11, who was shot dead by the Ulster Freedom fighters in 1987. The FRU stands accused of passing on disinformation, though loyalist informers suggesting that Mr Pat Flnucane's widow Geraldine, the couple's daughter Katherlne and the solicitor's brother Martin met British prime minister Tony Blair In September and Notorantonio was a senior IRA figure. reiterated their call for an Independent public inquiry into the circumstances surrounding the solicitor's murder According to the paper, Mr Notorantonio was set up in an attempt to about to question around 30 former FRU prime minister had "a moral journalist detailed information about his the Director of Public Prosecutions deflect attention from a high-placed IRA operatives about the unit's activities. responsibility" to the family. 'Tony Blair role as a state agent and his part in the reduced the charge against Stobie from informer whose life was in danger after The latest revelations and government has under his control all the answers to Finucane killing. murder to aiding and procuring. being identified as a target by loyalists. gagging efforts have also added fuel to the questions we have raised," he said Last year Mulholland, who is now a This has also led to concerns that a The action against The Sunday long-standing calls for an independent During the meeting, Mr Blair gave an Office press officer, deal similar to the one which saw People is one of a long-running series of judicial inquiry into the circumstances assurance that he would examine all the agreed to speak to the Stevens inquiry another double agent, Brian Nelson, legal attempts by the government to surrounding the 1989 murder by loyalists evidence and allow an inquiry if he team. The information provided resulted convicted on lesser charges to prevent prevent details emerging of collaboration of the Belfast solicitor . found that there were grounds for one. in Stobie's arrest. damaging information about collusion between British intelligence services and The case for an inquiry was made He also promised to ensure that any Shortly before Mulholland had coming to light, was being brokered loyalist terror gangs. directly to the British prime minister in members of the security forces found to himself admitted to a psychiatric hospital behind the scenes. Both Ed Moloney of the Irish Sunday September when members of the be involved with the Finucane murder Tribune and Liam Clarke of The Sunday Finucane family met Tony Blair in would be dealt with severely. The Times have had similar run-ins with the Downing Street. security forces are expected to fight hard public meeting government over the case of the FRU "We were very strong in putting to prevent an inquiry taking place. agent and Ulster Defence Association forward the allegations of security force So far, only one person, William the peace process and policing intelligence officer Brian Nelson who collusion," said Geraldine Finucane, the Stobie, a former RUC Special Branch Thursday October 12,7:30pm was convicted on five counts of murdered solicitor's widow, after their agent and UDA quartermaster, has been Irish Centre conspiracy to murder in 1992. meeting. charged in connection with the Finucane Blacks Road, Hammersmith Broadway, London W6 Clarke, who has had extensive access "This case goes beyond who pulled murder. Stobie has admitted to procuring to a former member of the FRU, is the trigger and our primary aim has not the weapon used to kill Finucane. Speakers: currently facing the threat of charges been to find the killer but the people However, key prosecution witness Jeremy Corbyn MP (Labour), under the Official Secrets Act, as is his behind this who sanctioned my Neil Mulholland recently signed himself informant whose pseudonym is Martin husband's death and allowed it to into a psychiatric hospital, leading to (Sinn F6in vice president and Nl Assembly member), Ingram. happen." speculation that the case against Stobie is Jlprenda Callaghan (Belfast and District TUC), In a bizarre twist, Ingram is One critical question which remains about to collapse. Daltun O'Ceallalgh (author and trade unionist) understood to be co-operating with the unanswered is how far up information In 1990, afraid that he was being set Chair: Owen Cook, Hammersmith and Fulham TUC ongoing Steven's inquiry, which is now in about collusion between the security up by his RUC handlers, Stobie possession of thousands of relevant secret forces and loyalist killers went. contacted The Sunday Life newspaper Bookstall • lieomod intelligence documents handed over by Commenting after the meeting, and asked to speak to a journalist. Passed the army's commanding officer in the Martin Finucane, the murdered on to Mulholland, who was then north, Sir Hew Pike. The inquiry team is solicitor's brother, said that the British working on the paper, he gave the Page 3 Irish Democrat October/November 2000 Irish Democrat October/November 2000 Page 5 News News

constitutional cases surprised some Iwsh OemocMt WORLD COMMENT Family calls for Immediate action A progressive schooling In Dublin listeners with a commentary on Ireland's Founded 1939 Volume 55, Number 5 relation to the EU which was somewhat by Poiiticus careers. The review board decision outside the home and for men to be able less critical of its direction than his McBRIDE CAMPAIGN GREAVES SCHOOL The whole Patten followed a high-profile campaign led by to take a more active role in parenting advocacy had earlier suggested. Democrat reporter senior military and establishment figures and homemaking. The second part of the 'Globalisation' THE GOVERNMENT'S position on the Police Bill is so at Nick Wright Sinn Fdin Cavan/Monaghan TD and the Daily Mail. agenda seems to have been completely Caoimghfn O Caolain expressed sharp variance with the careful deliberations of the Patten commission of the globe PROTESTS TOOK place in several In September 1999, the Northern SPEAKING AT the twelfth Desmond forgotten." criticism of Bertie Ahern's government. recommendations on police reform as to beggar belief, a point ably cities around the world in early Ireland High Court ruled that the army's Greaves Summer School in Dublin John Family friendly policies are often a He condemned the decision to enter GLOBALISATION IS the ideology of September as part of an international decision to reinstate Fisher and Wright illustrated by professor Paddy Hillyard elsewhere in this edition. Maguire, UCC sociology professor and synonym for schemes which compel NATO's Partnership for Peace without a today's giant transnational firms. week of action coinciding with the had been an "error of judgement" . author of Defending Neutrality, men and women to spend more time in referendum as promised by Ahem. Like all ideologies it purports to When considering the list of those backing Patten's anniversary of the death of 18-year-old The court ordered the review board to contrasted the values and gains of the the paid labour force with children Reflecting on the next election, describe things as they are. At the same recommendations, ranging from top academics to the President of Belfast-man Peter McBnde, who was meet again to review its decision. Over peace process in Ireland with the rendered more vulnerable to consumerist which some commentators suggest time it suggests that that is how they the USA — not to mention both US presidential candidates, the US murdered by two British soldiers in one year later, this has still not happened. paradox of the Irish government's pressure. would make Sinn Fein a possible should be. It aims to act as a mental 1992. As part of the week of protest, support for the unsanctioned aggression House of Representatives the Catholic Church, the Irish Green MEP Patricia McKenna coalition partner he said the growing bludgeon, inducing passivity in face of In addition to Derry and Belfast, McBride's mother Jean, pictured right, against Yugoslavia. sharply criticised President Mary housing crisis, staff shortages in the anti-human and anti-democratic government and human rights groups — it is easy to forget the protests took place in London, New and representatives of the Pat Finucane The United Nations needs defending McAlleese for her transformation from public services arising from the rigidities economic and political trends. desires and legitimate aspirations of the 43 per cent of the York, Sydney and in the European Centre travelled to London to hand in a against the encroachments of NATO he leading opponent to the 1987 Single of the pay accord and education The implicit message is that one must population of the north who've born the brunt of discrimination parliament. letter to the prime minister at 10 argued. Pointing out the irony that the European Act to advocate for the single inequalities were all issues which not resist the world's affairs being run in Although convicted of the murder Downing Street. peace dividend arising from the Irish currency. underpinned Sinn Fdin's emergence as a Yet here is a Labour leader who has just made it clear that his the interests of transational capital — Scots Guardsmen Mark Wright and "By going to London I want to take a reconciliation included the location of Trade union official Ann Speed, a party strong enough to compel others to globalisation is inevitable, therefore government has no intention of restoring the link between pensions James Fisher were freed in 1998 after simple message to Tony Blair," said Jean the arms manufacturer Raytheon in he argued that if there were to be a leading Sinn Fein personality, reasserted negotiate with. resistance to it is futile. and earnings, no matter how big a majority within his party votes serving less than six years for the 1992 McBride. "This has gone on long Derry he said: "The solution to violence tribunal focusing on Irish foreign policy the importance of the feminist agenda in Arguing that the record of the Fianna New York commentator Thomas murder. enough. If the British government has is to find means of preventing it, not to for it. This is also Ireland, where the political sensibilities of most it would result in disclosures "even more relation to women's entry into the Fail government was an obstacle to Sinn Friedman mentioned one of the realities An army review board subsequently any self-respect they will not allow export it elsewhere. The only way to do appalling, and serious, than those workforce. Focusing on traditional areas Fein becoming a coalition partner he behind globalisation at the time of last British politicians desert them as soon as they encounter the ruled that the two convicted murderers convicted murderers to stay in their this is to respect and fulfil our own currently rocking Dublin Castle". of concern such as equality, childcare said such discussion was a distraction year's 'friendly bombing' of Yugoslavia. army." responsibility as peace-keepers, under political minefield of their own and their predecessors making. should be allowed to resume their army Irish Times columnist Bieda O'Brien and pay she paid strong tribute to the from the greater task to ending the "For globalisation to work, America the aegis of a reformed and effective It there is one thing that can save the principles of the Good focused on the paradox of feminism's innovative role of women in Irish domination of "the most natural can't be afraid to act like the almighty Although the Pope condemned the United Nations". "unholy alliance with the market place". politics. Friday agreement — even if not Trimble's leadership of the UUP coalition partners" Fianna Fail and Fine superpower that it is. The hidden hand of Beastly beatification Fenians to "an eternity of the hottest hell", Referring to the Irish government's "Once, the feminist agenda was to Paul Callan SC counsel in the Crotty, Gael. the market will never work without the — it is the full and unequivocal implementation of Patten: the those like O'Donovan Rossa made it clear "creeping abandonment of neutrality", secure the right for women to work McKenna and Coughlan Supreme Court • The future of republicanism, page 7 hidden fist. McDonalds cannot flourish Patten, the whole Patten and nothing but the Patten. that weren't impressed by 'papal bull'. VATICAN AFFAIRS without McDonnel-Douglas, the maker Deeply reactionary and anti-Semitic, To do anything other is to accept that unionists continue to hold appealed for the lower Shankill to be of the F-15. And the hidden fist that Jim Savage Pius IX, who was Pope between 1846 granted emergency status because of the keeps the world safe for the Silicon a veto over the whole peace process and prove to a new generation Warring factions split and 1878, also opposed the unification of large numbers forced out of the area by Valley technologies is called the US of nationalists and republicans that their lot is to remain as the THE BEATIFICATION in the Vatican of Italy and was responsible for sealing the IJDA/UFF gangs. army, navy, air force and marine corps." second-class subjects of an alien Queen. Pope Pius IX, right, has caused dismay doctrines of papal infallibility and the loyalist community "They have done more damage in the Globalisation became a key theme of among progressive Catholics, immaculate conception into Catholic Many of those displaced by the feud last four weeks than the IRA could do 30 LOYALIST FEUD advanced capitalist ideology after the republicans and anti-racist campaigners dogma. are from Belfast's area, years. The community is totally in fear," end of the cold war. When the socialist Mowlam moves on throughout Ireland. For today's Irish Catholics it must Democrat reporter which has born the brunt of the said the PUP's . 'second worla' of eastern Europe Pope Pius IX, whose 'sainthood' was seem a bit rich that the current Pope increasingly bitter dispute. A significant THE ANNOUNCEMENT by Mo Mowlam at the beginning of Rivalry between the Ulster Defence collapsed, US and German capital conferred at a ceremony on 3 September, expects them to pray to the likes of the THE DEADLY feud between loyalist number of the attacks have involved Association/Ulster Freedom Fighters moved in to gobble up its economic September that she is to stand down as an MP at the next general is held in particular contempt by reactionary and anti-Irish Pius IX in the paramilitaries in the six counties either firearms or pipe bombs. and the and its assets. At the same time national controls election ends speculation about the political future of the former republicans as the pontiff responsible for same way that they revere blessed continues to bring fear, disruption and Behind the scenes efforts have so far associates in the PUP has intensified in on the movement of capital were Northern Ireland secretary of state. ordering the excommunication of the Martin or St Therese. dislocation to working-class loyalist failed to resolve the dispute with both recent months as the two camps battle abolished everywhere. entire membership of the Fenian There is surely a case to be made communities in Belfast. sides continuing to blame each other for for the hearts and minds of working- The right of the giant corporations to Her decision to pursue a career outside of Westminster will no Brotherhood on 12 January 1870. and early 20th century. among believers that 'sainthood' should By the end of September the conflict the ongoing violence. Ulster Democratic class loyalism. go anywhere in the world with a view to doubt have come as a great relief to those in and close to the Labour The Fenians were responsible for Pope Pius IX willingly allowed be based on virtuous intent alone and between the Ulster Defence Party/UFF representative has Despite the media's focus on maximising profits, to break down all leadership who have actively worked for her marginalisation in keeping the separatist tradition in Ireland himself to be a tool of British interest and therefore not be conferred on an Association/Ulster Freedom Fighters accused local Progressive Unionist Party racketeering and the activities of illegal socially constructed barriers against alive during much of the 19th century cared nothing for the nationalist cause. unrepentant bigot and enemy of Ireland. recent years. Mowlam has openly complained of a 'whispering' and the rival Ulster Volunteer Force had figures of being "unwilling to reach an drug barons, many of whom have links exploitation •— sovereignty, community resulted in at least three deaths. Over two accommodation with the UFF" in the area. with the UDA/UFF, such activities are solidarity, labour standards, campaign against her and had made it clear that she had wanted to EVENTS hundred families have been forced to At one point the Progressive Unionist only one aspect of a more complex inter- environmental controls — became the finish the job handed over to Peter Mandelson. Union women link up Chilling message: Shankhlll mural flee their homes. Party, the political wing of the UVF, loyalist conflict. basis of the new world order. She undoubtedly played a key role in breathing fresh life into an 28 October Terence MacSwiney The World Trade Organisation, Initially women's groups will be memorial lecture, 1pm Camden Town formerly GAIT, was set up to police ailing peace process following Labour's 1997 victory and was TRADE UNIONS NEWS IN BRIEF established in Derry, Belfast, Fermanagh Hall ,Judd Street London NW1. Main Hands across the water advanced capitalism's supposed right to particularly instrumental in convincing nationalists and republicans Democrat reporter and Craigavon. speaker Cathal Crumley, Mayor of refused to fly the Union Jack over their move where it wills, irrespective of the of the British government's commitment to finding an equitable The launch attracted T&G women Derry. Includes screening of The Dawn, Police complaints 1820 COMMEMORATION Sighthill cemetery is the site of the ministries. damage done, sometimes the destruction and lasting solution. A CROSS-COMMUNITY support from throughout the six counties. The film about the war of independence. 1820 monument, erected by Chartists, POLICE OMBUDSMAN designate Mandelson's proposal is now out for of whole societies. This is political network bringing together T&G women longer-term aim is to see the network 28 October Anti-euro demonstration, Democrat reporter where the remains of two of the executed Nuala O'Loan has confirmed that a new consultation until 20 October and will globalisation at work. Her blunt and no-nonsense style, which upset so many unionists, from all traditions in the six counties developed throughout Ireland. leaves Hyde Park at 2pm for march to leaders, John Baird and Andrew Hardie, independent police complaints system eventually be debated by Assembly The Maastricht Treaty, from which came as a breath of fresh air following a succession of openly recently held its inaugural meeting. "The women themselves decided Trafalgar Square. Rally 3:30pm. THE CLOSE links between the Irish were reinterred in 1847. for the six counties will be in place by before going to Westminster for comes the single european currency, is a unionist Tory secretaries of state. Her approach paid dividends Funded by the Northern Ireland how they would like the network to Speakers include Austin Mitchell MP republican movement of the 1790s and In his address, Peter Berresford Ellis November. ratification. key document of globalisation on the develop," explained T&G regional during her early tenure. However, once unionists found a way to Voluntary Trust's Special Support (Labour) and John Boyd (Campaign the early 1800s and the Scottish referred to the close relationship between Under the new system, complaints European continent. Article 73b says: Programme for Peace and women's organiser Fiona Marshall. Against Euro-Federalism). Organised by republicans of the same period was the United Irishmen and the Scottish against the police will be handled by the Army expansion "All restrictions on the movement of bypass her, establishing direct links with Blair through his chief of Reconciliation, the project aims to help Meetings in each of the four centres the Democracy Movement. highlighted by historian, novelist and Friends of the People and the United Office of the Ombudsman. "My office CONCERN HAS surfaced over British capital between member states and staff, Jonathan Powell, her influence waned. build trust and the capacity for all are to be followed up by a training day in 14 January 2001 London Socialist Irish Democrat columnist Peter Scotsmen and commented on the will do all it can to ensure public and government promises to scale down its between member states and third Yet, despite her popularity, it must be remembered that she has women to become active in the union each aimed ai developing women's Film Co-operative screening of Gone Berresford Ellis, speaking at the annual supportive role played by Irish police confidence in the new system of military presence in Ireland after plans countries shall be prohibited." and their communities and to play an confidence and assertiveness, and at For A Soldier, Philip Donnellan, (1980) 1820 commemoration at Sighthill immigrant weavers to the Scottish police complaints," said Nuala O'Loan. for a major expansion of the army base at been a long-time supporter of Blair's right-wing 'modernising' No democrat can support this. active role in social and economic helping them to become more involved which looks at army recruits sent to cemetery, Glasgow, on 10 September. insurrectionists, especially in the south- Her 100-strong team, which will Thiepval recently came to light. Democrats recognise the need to tame project and all that that implies. She also placed the Irish peace development. in the union. serve in Northern Ireland. Followed by The 1820 uprising was the last major west of Scotland. include senior police and investigators The plans, which have been approved the furies of private interest by imposing process in grave jeopardy by authorising the bugging of the car discussion led by Phillippa Donnellan attempt to establish an independent He also unveiled a bilingual from around the world, will be the first by UUP minister Sam Foster, will now social controls on capital. used by senior Sinn Fein figures at a delicate stage of the and Connolly Association general Scottish republic by force of arms. The (Gaelic/English) memorial to his late co- independent police complaints be submitted for formal approval. For that the only instrument history secretary Jim Redmond. 1.30pm, Palms rebellion resulted in 88 treason trials, author, Seumus Mac a Ghobhainn, investigation team to operate anywhere Local residents are planning a series has developed is the state. Maastricht is a negotiations, recently claiming, without any justification, that it had Room (4th floor), University of London executions, transportations and whose ashes were scattered at the within Westminster's jurisdiction. of legal challenges. The planned constitutional charter for letting capital been necessary because "lives were at risk". Union, Malet Street, London WC1 imprisonments. monument in 1987. Investigators will have the power to expansion is "totally contrary to the spirit rip, disempowering the democratic state This confirmed for republicans what they had always suspected, Imsh Oemoctuc Other speakers at the event included Mac 4 Ghobhainn, a socialist and a obtain search warrants, secure evidence and the letter" of the Good Friday and subordinating European society to that Mowlam was in essentials, if not outward style, remarkably For a united and independent Ireland Donations to the Connolly Gerry Cairns of the Scottish Socialist republican, was the founder of the and to arrest and detain suspects. agreement insists Sinn Fdin councillor the rule of a few dozen giant firms. Association and Irish Democrat Part and Baile Martin Lee of Glasgow radical Gaelic language movement for Lisburn, Paul Butler. Remember that mankind has seen similar to her British pro-consul predecessors. A harsh judgement Published continuously since 1939, the Irish Democrat is the bi-monthly journal City Council. Comunn na Canain Albannaich in 1969. 18 July to 19 September 2000 Flying the flag globalisation before. It was called the perhaps, but one with more than a grain of truth. And so it is ever of the Connolly Association, which campaigns for a united and independent THE RECENT announcement by BNFL memo leak 19th century Then there was universal likely to be until the British government bases its policy on Ireland and the rights of the Irish in Britain J Morrisey £13; U MacEoin £8; R Kelly secretary of state Peter Mandelson that CONFIRMATION OF the success of free trade, limitless freedom of foreign £5; J Doyle £2; A Noone; FHO £10; F the Union Jack flag should be flown Irish campaigns against the British investment and proportionately far more Ireland's right to be united and independent and takes positive and | Annual subscription rates (six issues) Jennings; £110; A Higgins £10.40; B from government buildings in the north Nuclear Fuels' Sellafield reprocessing movement of people than today unequivocal steps to end Britain's colonial tenure there. £5.50 Britain I enclose a cheque Feeney £10; C Arnold £5; T Donaghy for 17 designated days per year has been plant have surfaced recently. They even had a single world £10.00 Solidarity subscription (payable to Connolly £10; G McClafferty S Hone £10; P criticised by nationalists and republicans Confidential memos leaked to The currency, the gold standard. That £8.00 Europe (airmail) Publications Ltd)/postal McKenna; £6.73; W Shillam £5; J for contravening the spirit of the Good Guardian newspaper reveal that the globalised world collapsed into the first Iwsh Oemoout £11.00 USA/Canada (airmail) order for £ Clambers £110; PW Ladkin £5; A Friday deal. company accepts that it has lost the world war. £12.00 Australia (airmail) Barlow £5; E Reidy £4; P Riley £5; PW Under the terms of the agreement, safety argument in Ireland and is reduced Globalisation is not just a word to Bi-monthly newspaper of the Connolly Association White £110; S Komer £110; M Caffell symbols should either be displayed on to conducting a 'damage-limitation' describe the global village', where news Name £10 (in memory of Paddy Bond); K&M the basis of parity or neutrality argue exercise. crosses the world in seconds and where Editorial Board i Address_ O'Brien £118; M Donohoe £8; A Sinn F6in. The party insists that there The memos, which originate from the internet links continents. The thrust Gerard Oirran; F.nda l-inlay; David Granville (editor); Peter Mulligan; Mnya Si Leger Southern £1.76, anon £8.30 Production: Derek Kotz should be either parity for the Irish flag BNFL's public relations department, the of globalisation as ideology however is Published by Connolly Publications Ltd. 244 Gray's Inn Road. London WCIX 8JR, or no flags at all. company's dissatisfaction with British to subvert the democracy of the national lei 020 7833 3022 Send to: Connolly Publications Ltd, 244 Gray's Inn Road, London WCIX 8JR Bankers orders (two months) £297.00 Sinn F6in ministers Martin diplomatic efforts to back the company's state, so that big capital is free to rule the Email: [email protected] org uk Ibtal £510.19 McGuinness and Bairbre de Brim have widely-discredited safety claims. world unchallenged. 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EUROWATCH Wealthy aristocrat told to give back land Robert Buxton Cavendish, 11th Duke of Bill paints a distorted Patten CHATSWORTH PROTEST Ireland's looming POBLACBT m H EffiEWN Devonshire, was stolen from the Irish Democrat reporter during Queen Elizabeth I's plantation of Paddy Hillyard argues that radical amendments to the ATTEN recommended a First, the Bill assigns far too much Patten also recommended that district policy conflict Munster in 1586. fundamental transformation power to the secretary of state and the councils should have the power to MEMBERS OF the Connolly Large tracts of stolen land were given Police Bill are needed in the House of Lords if key in the form of policing in chief constable and too little to the police contribute an amount towards improved THF FU-/.eal of Ireland's politicians Association recently struck a blow to Sir Walter Raleigh. It is part of this elements of the Patten recommendations for policing in Northern Ireland. Instead of board. In particular, there are too many policing of a district. This stemmed from against the machinations of absentee THE IRISH REPDBlcl land which is now in the hands of the the dominant Anglo- restrictions before the board can initiate the notion that security is a public good now threatens to cut across the imperative ot bringing six counties and landlords, temporarily occupying part of Cavendish family. the north are not to be subverted or ignored American model of inquiries into police conduct. not a commodity, and should be NOTICE OF SEIZURE OF LAM twenty-six counties closer together. the Duke of Devonshire's 3,000-acre ID ON Commenting on the protest, CA Ppolicing as a specialised monopoly The chief constable can object to an available to everyone. The better off have Ireland's best known europhile, Chatsworth estate in Derbyshire. CHATSWORTH ESTATE, executive member Frank Small stressed function of the state, Patten argued for a inquiry in a number of circumstances: in always been able to purchase this good former Taoiseach Garret Fit/Gerald, Incensed at the Duke's claim to own that it was intolerable that the fishermen dual system in which policing is a the interests of national security, if the privately. As a result public safety has who established the Irish Council of the salmon fisheries and part of the BAESWELL, DEBBTSDBE, ENGLAND of Cork and Waterford had to pay a function of both the state and local matter relates to an individual and is of a increasingly been distributed on the basis communities. European Movement in the 1960s and Blackwater river bed in Youghal, County 'LAND foreign absentee landlord to be able to sensitive personal nature or because it of class. who is the archetypal career euro- Cork, protesters staked out a 100-square ON BEHALF OF TEE PEOPLE OP IBI fish for a living in their own river. As one of the commissioners, may prejudice the detection or Patten's proposal for district policing lederalist. drew attention recently to the foot plot of land in front of Chatsworth "We urge the Duke to enter into Professor Clifford Shearing has prevention of crime or a case proceeding partnership boards to buy-in extra Due notice: extract from the CA's seizure notice handed out at Chatsworth tension between the Republic's policies House, raised the Irish Tricolour and negotiations with the Irish government expressed it elsewhere, what is involved through the courts. The secretary of state policing would reduce the inequalities in on the F.IJ policy and Northern Ireland, handed out notices of 'seizure' on behalf however, claimed that the Duke's home extra berthing and additional leisure and and local authorities in Munster with a here is "a network of intersecting can then deny an enquiry on any of the security provision and also provide an in the light of the Belfast agreement on of the people of Ireland. had been "violated" by "a gang of tourist facilities for the area. The Duke view to transferring his Cork and regulatory mechanisms" in which above grounds or if "it would serve no opportunity for the democratic control of devolution and closer north-south The protest, which took place at the republican Irishmen". also claims to own 8,000 acres around Waterford landholdings back to the Irish policing becomes "everybody's useful purpose". this public good rather than leaving it, as cooperation on the island. end of July, was supported by Fishermen in Youghal are forced to Lismore Castle, regarded as some of the people. business". The current Bill fails what may be at the moment, to local vigilantes or the Referring to recent German-French Chesterfield Trades Union Council and pay substantial annual fees to the Duke, best pasture land in Ireland. "Returning the ill-gotten gains of the On this model, the government called the 'Stalker Test'. Stalker, it will market. The government has rejected the proposals on El I 'flexibility', FitzGerald environmental campaigners and who insists on using his claim to The Connolly Association insists that colonial era in Ireland would make a operates indirectly, seeking the be recalled, was appointed in 1984 to idea for the moment. wrote in : attracted considerable favourable press frustrate efforts by the democratically- the Duke's claim is defective and that the significant contribution to the participation of non-state agencies, investigate three separate shootings by Third, Patten recommended that "Ireland cannot on its own block the coverage. An indignant Times journalist, elected Youghal corporation to provide land controlled by Richard Andrew improvement of Anglo-Irish relations." private organisations and individuals and the RUC. If this Bill had been law then, policing must be transparent and open. development of a core European devolves responsibility for crime and the chief constable could have opposed it He argued that everything should be federation and to attempt to do so would security to them. The model recognises on at least two of the four grounds and it available for public scrutiny unless it was m^RK.:* * I j R"—^ J— make us a pariah among our partners. Hamill family to New bugging row that the sovereign state, as we enter the would have been difficult for the in the public interest — not in the police And if Britain were to seek to do so, for meet Tony Blair FURTHER EVIDENCE of British 21st century, can no longer satisfy the Secretary of State not to support the interest — to hold it back. us to join with our neighbour in what security services' continuing efforts to variety of popular demands for security. chief constable's objections. The Bill fails to implement this would almost certainly be a futile eavesdrop on senior republicans This model of policing, with Second, the Bill fails to implement a principle and makes no statutory Hpf a^^^^E 'f : j attempt would not be in our long-term PRIME MINISTER Tony Blair has said t :' t 1 involved in sensitive discussions came to neighbourhoods at the centre, naturally number of Patten's recommendations provision for the publication of such interest. that he is to meet the family of Robert light in September after a suspected has far-reaching structural and other concerning his core idea that "policing basic information as the use of police "We would have the invidious choice Hamill sometime in October. Hamill bugging device was dicovered in a implications for a counter-insurgency, should be decentralised" to local powers and their outcome or circulars on of remaining behind with what would died in 1997 after being beaten by a Belfast hotel room used by the hierarchical police force like the RUC. neighbourhoods. police procedures and policies. probably be an isolated United loyalist gang in in full sight international decommissioning body In practice policing has to be He argued that local government, Instead, policing in Northern Ireland Kingdom, or else joining the federal of an RUC patrol. headed by General John de Chastelain. decentralised to much smaller units, the local police and local policing is to be subject to the Freedom of core, thus widening, possibly The meeting with the British leader Commenting on the discovery, Sinn management style has to be open, partnership board boundaries should be Information Bill which specifically irretrievably, the gap between ourselves follows a personal request by the Irish Fein's Michelle Gildernew said: "If transparent and delegated, and every coterminous in order to strengthen the excludes the public access to most and the United Kingdom, including Taoiseach for Mr Blair to meet the level of policing has to be democratically relationship between the police and "an documents relating to policing and the jJSPi. proved to be true, this incident would Northern Ireland. family. constitute a serious breach of faith and accountable to local neighbourhoods. identifiable community". administration of justice. "The former line of action would The prime minister has said that the Connolly Association members were among those taking part in a recent vigil could have far-reaching consequences At the same time, the form of Therefore, he proposed that the Hopefully, this detailed exegesis, will effectively involve abandoning any meeting would give the family "the to mark the fourth anniversay of the shooting of unnarmed IRA volunteer for the itself." policing has to be far less reactive and district policing board for Belfast should go some way to convince those that, chance of participating in decisions that opportunity to explain why they think a Oiarmuid O'Neill during a raid on a house in hammersmith, London, in 1996. much more geared to problem-solving have four sub-groups, covering north, whatever they may have been told by the would affect our long-term future — for judicial inquiry should be set up into the Campaigners are demanding an independent inquiry into the police operation and crime prevention in conjunction with south, east and west Belfast. Northern Ireland Office or Mr all key decisions would thereafter be tragic death of Robert Hamill". which led to O'Neill's death. Cork veteran dies a range of other agencies. Above all, the The new Bill provides only that Mandelson, the Police Bill does not taken by the core federation, from which police service has to be representative of Belfast will have up to four police "faithfully reflect" Patten. It needs to be we would be absent. The latter could put the communities it serves. districts and the chief constable is left to radically amended in the House of great difficulties in the way of building Ireland finally gets The Republic The Police Bill, although amended in determine both the number and the area Lords. on the Belfast agreement. For Irish from the world of Irish literature and Council for Civil Liberties and the some important respects, by the House and there is no provision for the principle • Paddy Hillyard is Professor of Social IRELAND INSTITUTE policy-makers this is a kind of nightmare cultural and historical studies including National Women's Council of Ireland. Patten's neighbourhood-centred approach has far-reaching Implications for a of Commons, still fails to implement this that all policing districts should be Administration and Policy at the scenario: potentially a stark choice hierarchical counter-insurgency force like the RUC model of policing in three main areas. coterminous with district councils. University of Ulster. Democrat reporter Elizabeth Butler Cullingford, Seamus The launch of the journal is the between our European and Northern Deane, Brian Friel, Fred Jameson, second milestone reached by the Ireland Ireland policies." THIS SUMMER saw the launch of The Richard Kearney, Thomas Kenneally, Institute in recent months. Earlier this scheduled for October. They could also So Dr Fit/Gerald's 40-year-long Republic, an important new and Declan Kiberd, Terence McCaughey, TJ year the Institute moved its headquarters turn out to be too little too late — support for "pooling sovereignty" in the progressive journal of contemporary and Maher, Edna O'Brien and Padraig O to the now fully-restored former family following the by-election result, some EC/FU could soon be facing Irish historical debate. Snodaigh. home of Padraig Pearse in central No middle-way on equality UUP Assembly members and district policy-makers with the above Published by the Ireland Institute and Full-length articles in the first edition Dublin, which it acquired in a near- Northern correspondent Bobbie Heatley examines the most only eighteen months away, and the clear that the agreement, with its councillors are running scared before the "nightmare scenario." in which he edited by Finbar Cullen, The Republic feature contributions from business derelict state 1996. Tories again riding high in the polls, attendant off-shoots, such as the Patten rejectionist camp and are said to be in a himself implicitly backs the German- looks set to establish itself as an journalist Colm Rapple, the poet and 0 For further details of the work and THE CONNOLLY Association has significance of the DUP's election win in South Antrim unionism's No-men may now consider reforms, was going to be implemented mood to cut themselves adrift from French "federal core" idea. broadcaster, Theo Dorgan, sociologist activities of the Ireland Institute write to: that they have every to go on pushing for without unnecessary delay. Trimble's faction. important forum for debate about the expressed its sadness at the news of the and looks at what's ahead for the Good Friday deal His position illustrates the sheer future of republicanism in Ireland. Liam O'Dowd, historian Mary Cullen Ireland Institute, 27 Pearse Street, death of the prominent Cork republican, the agreement's dismantlement — They could have appealed over the A greater danger is that the secretary irresponsibility of key elements of the Founded in 1996, the Ireland Institute and political activist Kevin McCorry of Dublin 2. To order a copy of The George O'Mahony. perhaps forgetting that it was Margaret head of 'politically-organised' unionism of state, despite his brave face, will be Republic's political elite. They are bent has as its core objective the promotion of the Campaign for Democracy. Republic (£6 UK residents , inc. p&p, Last year Mr Mahony, a long- N THE face of it, the brought about the armed insurrection of Thatcher who 'imposed' the Anglo-Irish to 'civic' unionism — the professional panicked into feeding yet more on selling their country to the EU for any republican ideas and the importance of The journal also features several IR£5 Ireland) or to enquire about standing Sinn Fein activist, was a victory in the South Antrim the past thirty years — a system Agreement on them. and business classes, trade unionists and rejectionist-friendly concessions to price. Irish self-determination, in its broadest shorter contributions from non- subscription details contact The keynote speaker at the revived annual election for what the characterised by one-party, police state, Yet, despite all Trimble's pandering the ordinary unionists in the street who Trimble in order to save his bacon — a You would think the Dublin sense. governmental organisations including Republic, PO Box 5467, Dublin 2, or Terence MacSwiney memorial lecture in victorious candidate rule based on religious discrimination to the No-men, and Mandelson's desire peace. Such an approach that was continuation of the gross errors which politicians would remember that Ireland Its patrons include prominent figures the Irish Traveller Movement, the Irish email [email protected] London organised by the Association. described as 'traditional and sectarianism. pandering to Trimble, the DUP stole the used to win their support, albeit by a brought us to this state of affairs in the had experience of an economic and unionism' (ie the croppies In his search for the 'middle way' South Antrim seat at Westminster. narrow margin, for the Good Friday first place. monetary union before. lie-dowOn variety) was almost as much a between these two diametrically- Throughout this period the 'pain' for agreement in the first place. If anyone has made hurtful A friend in deed Prisoner In 1800 the population of the island Letters to the Editor disaster for Northern Ireland proconsul, opposed positions, the secretary of state the nationalist/republican side of the Had this been done perhaps the concessions in this whole process, it is of Ireland was five million, while that of Peter Mandelson as it was for David has come up with an intriguing solution community should have been obvious general apathy witnessed among the the republican/nationalist side which has Write to: The Editor, Irish Democrat, c/o 244 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8JR repatriation Britain next door was 12.5 million, a A FRIEND and comrade generously Trimble and the UUP. — to concede apparent reforms to the enough. Real improvements remain a Protestant community would have been agreed to postpone, pro tem, the most or email at: [email protected] ratio of I to 2.5. In 19(H) Ireland's supplied me with a copy of the Irish TONY HYLAND, Liam Grogan and Not one for taking the blame, nationalists and republicans while long way from being delivered. overcome and even the UUP would have fundamental of its democratic rights, population was still live million, having Democrat and I was pleased to note that Darren Mulholland have had their Mandelson continues to insist that the retaining for unionists as much of the old If pain for the unionists lies in them been able to field a 'yes' candidate in the namely its right to belong, as Irish increased to 8.5 million at the time of the you are not only concerned with the appointed Laurie to the commission. He However, it failed to mention that he documents and papers signed by the problems which beset politics in the six regime as can be salvaged. This, he having to countenance equality of South Antrim by-election. nationals, to the developing democracy IX40s famine and then fallen back again plight of workers in the north of Ireland later told me that the commission was a was also a racist and proudly declared: home secretary, Jack Straw, and expect counties rest with the northern parties concludes, amounts to inflicting "pain on treatment for the other nearly-half (43 These 'civic' unionists want the fear of the Irish state. In exchange for by (he century's end. but also that of Irish workers in England. charade, an ineffectual attempt to mask "We deny it is a crime to hold slaves, to to be repatriated to a prison in Ireland to themselves — republicans and both sides" and is, therefore, "fair". per cent) of the community, then that of unnecessary armed conflict taken out equality of treatment inside the six Bui in 19(X) Britain's population had A dear friend, the late Laurie Pavitt the naked imperialism of British policy buy slaves, to keep slaves to their work complete their sentences. nationalists on one side want too much His instrument for pushing through pain is entirely justifiable. What they of their lives. counties it will pursue that ineradicable grown to 40 million. The population MP, was one of the few British in Ireland. by flogging or other needful correction." Although promises were made and democratic change too quickly while a this project has been the Trimble wing of refer to as 'concessions' they have been Yet the reversal for Mandelson need objective by purely political means. ratio of one to 2.5 had become one to politicians to share your concerns. I am pleased to note that there are Here was a man who rebelled against broken in the past we are of the opinion strong, multi-faceted, claque of unionists the . forced to concede as a result of the Good not be cataclysmic. Steps are, at long Influential sectors of Irish society are eight. That sums up Ireland's historical Laurie was a staunch champion of the other voices in Britain to carry the the savage treatment of one race yet the home secretary will keep his word will brook no reform at all. Pain for the No-men of unionism lies Friday deal are nothing of the kind. They last, being taken to sort out the UUP anxious to see which way the secretary experience of membership of an rights of all the immigrants to Britain. message that Laurie sought to convey. viewed another as sub-human. Had the this time. However, his argument for a middle in having to give up just one shred of are rights which non-unionists have problem. Its 100-member executive has of state will jump now. economic and monetary union with a His campaign for fair treatment of Terence E Carroll southern states, backed by the On behalf of the prisoners road between the two positions looks dominance which the Orange segment of struggled for and which they expect to already helUl a crisis meeting to consider At the very least the Irish country which was the most immigrants received scant attention from Virginia, USA landowners and capitalists of England, repatriation committee I should like to increasingly threadbare as there is no the British state formerly accorded to see delivered in full. party rule changes that would reduce the government, Sinn F6in, the SDLP and economically advanced anywliere at the the Callaghan government and the prevailed in the American civil war thank the Connolly Association and its equivalence between the demands of the them All Trimble's efforts to forestall Pain for them now also lies in having influence of the Orange Order (without the Catholic church in Ireland are time, and known as the 'workshop of the Labour leadership general and nothing Mitchel would have been quite happy to members for the support given during two sides. Nationalists and republicans implementation of the agreement, and to to witness the huge efforts being made to actually cutting the link) and the looking to see the Patten proposals world.' but hostility from the Thatcher use the bullwhip and the branding iron. repatriation campaign, for maintaining are only asking for those civil, render its effects more apparent than bring down the agreement in its entirety 'rejectionist' Ulster Young Unionist faithfully and fully implemented, along Membership of 'Euroland' can government. Racist Irelander And if the Young Irelanders had contact with the three prisoners, and for democratic and human rights which are real, have not satisfied them. Nor have or to perpetuate the 'long-fingering' of Council within the party's decision- with judicial reform and an hardly be that disastrous — although for When Thatcher was forced by public THE REPORT 'Solidarity with besieged succeeded in ending British rule in 1848 supplying them with reading material. taken for granted by citizens of a his efforts to water-down the Patten their just demands. making body, the Ulster Unionist acknowledgement of equal treatment in some east European countries it could opinion to appoint a parliamentary Northern communities' (ID August/ Mitchel himself would still have been normally-functioning European liberal report and other crucial reforms. Indeed, As the impasse widens, it is clear that Council (UUC). the display of national flags and his successes have merely whetted their be, if they are foolish enough to join it — commission of inquiry regarding British September) informed us that Young enslaved by his own racism. Michael Holden democracy. Downing Street's policies to date have These moves could strengthen emblems — expectations are supported appetites. but then the EU's monetary union will policy re the north of Ireland, in order to Irelander John Mitchel was a "lawyer, John Morgan Political Prisoners Repatriation What the 'traditional unionists' seek failed. But, Blair and Mandelson had Trimble's position, but need to be by much of the international community. certainly not last as long. give the impression of objectivity, she journalist and patriot". Luton Committee is the preservation of a system that With a British general election at other options. They could have made it approved by the UUC at its meeting Nothing less will suffice. Page 7 Irish Democrat October/November 2000 Irish Democrat October/November 2000 Page 5

Features Features

Connolly column leave Ireland for good. during the past three years. These issues We have entered a new phase of included: the growing housing crisis; the Britain's involvement in Friends over the sea struggle where those qualities are needed intolerable situation in our health service just as much. It is essential that the with staffing shortages and hospital the recent war against Republicanism in lessons of the past are learned. waiting lists; inequality in education; and Yugoslavia and the Speaking against the Treaty in the the decision to join NATO's Partnership Dail, Liam Mellows warned for Peace without a referendum. government's attitude to prophetically of how the selflessness and I see no evidence that the government the euro points to the dedication which characterised a can reverse these failures in its remaining the new century struggle could be transformed. He said: time in office contemporary relevance "Men will get into positions, men will I voted for Bertie Ahem TD as Sinn Fein TP Caoimhghin O Caolain addressed the century has dawned at the end of the hold power, and men who get into Taoiseach in June 1997 solely on the of Connolly's article, longest period of continued organised positions and hold power will desire to basis of his and his party's positive twelfth Desmond Greaves Summer School at the Irish published in Workers' resistance to British rule in the history of remain undisturbed and will not want to disposition towards a genuine and Labour History Museum, Dublin, in August. An edited Ireland. be removed..." inclusive peace process. However, Sinn Republic of 22 Throughout almost 30 years of armed The story of this 26-county state is a Fein is not a single-issue party and no version of his contribution is reproduced below conflict the British government sought story of how the hopes and promises of government can be a single-issue September 1900 unsuccessfully to defeat Irish the years 1916 to 1921 were dashed by government. republicanism politically and militarily. those who claimed to honour them. Given the record of the Fianna It waged a counter-insurgency war with Fail/Progressive Democrats government the aim of isolating and eradicating across a range of issues, and their Parliamentary democracy organised republicanism. fundamental failure to share the wealth In spite of the overwhelming The root of in this economy, I could not vote PARLIAMENT IS dissolved! By whom? By whom was parliament elected? By the resources at their disposal, and the full confidence in them. Miters ot Great Britain and Ireland. Was it then the voters of Great Britain and Ireland backing of successive British corruption is the Any informed comment on possible who called upon parliament to dissolve? governments, the securocrats failed to post-election scenarios must take all of No. it was the Prime Minister of England. Lord Salisbury to wit, whom nobody Irish Democrat editor Jim Larkin — the Connolly statue in Above: members of the Irish-America defeat resurgent republicanism. We cosy relationship this into account. If the electorate of the elected and who is incapable under the laws of his country of being a parliamentary Dublin and the publication of Donal Labour Coalition with the Connolly pointed out many times to their political 26 counties places Sinn Fein in a representative; it was this gentleman with whom lay the power of putting an end to David Granville spoke to Nevin' book on Larkin, Lion of the Fold, Association contingent on the masters that the path to peace lay betwen big position of strength which may require being just two initiatives in which it has the deliberations of parliament and sending its members back to the ordeal of the Joe Jamison of the Irish- Garvaghy Road earlier this year, through dialogue and negotiations and other parties to negotiate with us, then it hustings. been involved. above. Below: Joe Jamison for that to happen the rights of all voters business and the is my belief that we should take up that This ridiculous situation is highly illustrative of many anomalies and absurdities American Labour "The committee has also taken up the and the mandates of all parties must be challenge. issue of construction safety in America. with which the English constitution abounds. Eulogised by its supporters as the most fully recognised. two major parties Given the record of this Fianna Fail- Coalition during his recent Last year an Irish immigrant committed perfect constitution yet evolved, it is in reality so full of illogical and apparently I am convinced that the peace process dominated administration it is very suicide as a result of being abused by a impossible provisions and conditions that if presented to the reasoning mind as the trip to New York would have begun years earlier if the difficult to envisage circumstances in basis of a workable constitution for a new country it would be laughed out of court as non-union construction contractor. We British government had ended its futile The 1916 Proclamation's promise to which the activists of Sinn Fein would too ridiculous to consider. ran ads in the Irish Echo and the Irish policy of attempted isolation and "cherish all the children of the nation vote to enter a coalition with them. In Voice, appealing all new Irish Let us examine a few of its provisions in order that we may the more effectively S WITH several Irish- censorship of Sinn Fein. And surely equally" was broken. The Democratic many ways the speculation about immigrants to contact union organisers contrast this parliamentary democracy with the democracy of the revolutionist. American campaigns which nothing can be more shameful in that Programme of the first D4il Eireann coalition is a distraction. in that industry, as well as in health care, Parliament is elected by the voters of Great Britain and Ireland. When elected, that have come into existence period than the conduct of the major declared that "the nation's sovereignty The greater task is to build Sinn Fein hotel, and food-service industries where party which counts the greatest number of followers is presumed to form the cabinet during the most recent political parties in this state, in extends not only to all men and women as a party which can provide the catalyst new Irish are also concentrated. We also as representing a majority of the electorate. But it by no means follows that a majority phase of the Irish conflict, it successive governments, whose use of of the nation, but to all its material to end the domination of politics in this successfully pressed the US Department in the House represents a majority of the people. was the impact of the 1981 political censorship and demonisation of possessions, the nation's soil and all its State by Fianna Fail and — the of Labour to launch an investigation." In many constituencies, for instance, where there are more than two candidates for AIRA hunger-strikes that were to provide republicans was equal to, if not worse resources, all the wealth and all the most natural coalition partners. the impetus for the formation of the Irish- a seat, it frequently happens that although a candidate polls a larger vote than either The end of the Cold War greatly than, that of the British government. wealth-producing processes within the The real coalition we need to build is American Labour Coalition (IALC). of his opponents and so obtains the seat, he only represents a minority of the increased the chances of moving a US Through building political alliances, nation" and that "all right to private between republicans in the broadest constituents as the vote cast for his two opponents, if united, would be much greater "After the hunger strikes Irish- government previously unmoveable by though dialogue and debate, through property must be subordinated to the sense of the term and all those than his own. American labour activists wanted to take grassroots Irish America, he insists. engagement with our political opponents public right and welfare". It recognised campaigning for real and lasting change The cabinet formed out of the members of the party strongest numerically a more activist approach to the situation "Since 1992 everything has and with our political enemies, "the right of every citizen to an adequate in our country. constitutes the government of the country and as such has full control of our destinies in the north," explained New York-based changed," Jamison explained. republicans helped to chart a course out share of the produce of the nation's We need a coalition of all those during its term in office. But the cabinet is not elected by the parliament, voted for by trade unionist Joe Jamison, director of In 1992 Clinton secured Irish- of armed conflict and towards the labour". seeking an end to poverty and inequality the people, nor chosen by its own party. The cabinet is chosen by the gentlemen the organisation for the past 19 years. American support in New York on the peaceful resolution of the causes of Successive governments in the 26 through the sharing of the wealth in our chosen by the sovereign as the leader of the strongest party. Bringing together senior trade union basis of his endorsement of an MacBride It is beyond question that a series of conflict. That is the basis of the peace counties have ignored the Democratic economy; a coalition of people across The gentlemen so chosen after a figures, most, though not all, of Irish Principles and promises to look afresh at meetings in Ireland between a group of process and of the Good Friday Programme and presided over an sectarian and racial divisions and an end consultation with the Queen (who descent, IALC has over the years earned the issues of a visa for Sinn Fein leader Irish-Americans and senior Sinn Fdin agreement — an historic compromise economy where profit comes before to racism and sectarianism in all their Although outside perhaps detests both him and his party) its place as the main labour voice on and US foreign policy leaders in the Summer of 1994 played an between nationalists, unionists, people and where the people's forms; a coalition of those in rural and selects certain of his own followers and Ireland in the US. towards Northern Ireland. important role in securing the IRA's 31 republicans, the British and Irish sovereignty over the wealth of the nation urban communities who have not been the law and invests them with certain positions, and Joe remembers plastic bullets as their August ceasefire. Those involved T WAS James Connolly who said with other peoples who were struggling governments. has been surrendered to multinational allowed to take full advantage of salaries, and so forms the cabinet. first campaign after it was discovered 'I hope that the included O'Dowd, Flynn, Jamison, of Wolfe Tone that he united "the for national self-determination. Thus It is surely not the Republic. But it is capital and to the European Union. increased prosperity; a coalition of unknown to the The cabinet controls the government that they were manufactured by fellow trade unionist Bill Lenihan, hopes of the new revolutionary anti-imperialism and internationalism based on the principle of equality and it environmentalists who will make the aim and practically dictates the laws, yet the Allegheny Internationa], a Pittsburgh- republican Clinton aide Bruce Morrison, and the faith and the ancient aspirations of have been embraced by Irish thus provides a route to further progress of a green, clean Ireland a reality; a constitution it (the cabinet itself is unknown to the law and based company. billionaire businessman Chuck Feeney. an oppressed people". An republicans. towards our republican objectives. HE CHALLENGE for Irish coalition of those who cherish Irish is not recognised by the constitution. In It was around this time that Joe met movement will "During the meetings, especially the examination of Irish Belief in what Pearse described as the For the first time unionists have republicanism in the new neutrality and the sovereignty of the Irish cabinet) possesses fact the cabinet is entirely destitute of the former editor of the Irish Democrat first which took place in Belfast in July, Irepublicanism in the new century must 'sovereign people' has led Irish begun to work with nationalists and century is to offer the people and wish to see them enhanced any legal right to existence. Yet although Desmond Greaves, during a senior-level take further steps the Irish-American succeeded in perform a similar task. republicans to develop their politics republicans on the basis of equality. That alternative to the political and not eroded through the gradual the most fearful outside the law and unknown to the AFL-CIO (the US trade-union providing the necessary clarifications We need to identify the best in the along the lines laid down by Pearse and is a hugely positive development which paralysis which Mellows so creation of an EU super-state. constitution it possesses the most fearful equivalent of the TUC, ed.) visit to the to broaden its work and assurances concerning probable republican tradition, which we have Connolly, seeking social and economic needs to be nurtured and progressed. The accurately predicted. Republicanism in the new century powers powers, such as the declaration of war, north to look into the question of reactions to an IRA ceasefire by the inherited, and develop republicanism to democracy as well as national political institutions established under the In recent years the com"*ion among needs to embrace these diverse but and can not be prevented by the elected discrimination. Two members of that Clinton administration, by Irish America meet the needs of our own time. democracy. agreement create an all-Ireland sections of the political elite in this state progressive forces. It also needs to have representatives of the people from in Britain' delegation, Tom Donahue and John and by the wider US public, which is based on a framework within which the common has been exposed as never before. The a clear view of our place in the world. committing the nation to the perpetration of any crime it chooses. Sweeney, subsequently became national finally enabled Sinn F6in to go to the number of core principles. First and interests of all who share this country root of this corruption is the cosy Are we to completely submerge Irish After the crime has been perpetrated parliament can repudiate, when it meets, the presidents of the AFL-CIO. "From January 1993, when Clinton IRA with its ceasefire plans. foremost is the commitment to the can be addressed. This too needs to be relationship between big business and foreign policy within a giant EU state? acts of the cabinet, but in the meanwhile nations may have been invaded, governments "I had read Greaves' stuff for years as took office, to December 1993, not much "The group was, for the Sinn Fein sovereignty of the people. There is the The RUC must be developed. the two major political parties. Will we pursue an independent course, overturned, and territories devastated with fire and sword. a reader of the paper because of my work happened, despite persistent petitions leadership, a useful symbol of the commitment to unity of Catholic, These are key challenges for On another level is the pure meeting as equals the poorer, formerly The powers of parliament are also somewhat arbitrary and ill-defined. Every for the Northern Ireland Civil Rights reminding the President that he needed influential new friends in America that Protestant and Dissenter and the replaced with a republicans in the new century and we careerism and lack of real politics which colonised nations with whom we have so general election is fought on one or two main issues, and on these alone. It may be Association support group in the US," to make good his promises. The news could be won by the republicans through rejection of sectarianism of any kind. need all the resourcefulness and characterises so many public much in common? Or will we help to the franchise, it may be temperance, it may be home rule, or any other question, but says Jamison. that Adams had again been denied a US an unarmed strategy," said Jamison. And there is the commitment to the unity police service that commitment shown by republicans representatives. exploit them as part of one of the world's when parliament has received from the electorate its mandate on that one question it Not long after, the MacBride visa sent Irish-American groups, However, while the 1994 ceasefire of this island and its people, national throughout our struggle to ensure that the People are turning to Sinn F6in in economic and political power blocs? arrogates to itself the right to rule and decide on every other question without the Principles were launched, providing including IALC into 'overdrive'. was important in opening doors — at all self-determination, an end to partition can be supported agreement indeed provides the vehicle increasing numbers to provide the real To Irish republicans the Republic has slightest reference to the wishes of the electorate. what was to become the IALC's main "By January the whole thing gets levels — that had previously been and the establishment of a sovereign 32- for real change. alternative. always meant more than a form of If parliament, elected to carry out the wishes of the electors on one question, focus for more than a decade. As a result reversed and ends with a triumphant visit closed, Joe Jamison expresses the hope county republic. by all sections of The most immediate task is to ensure There has been a lot of speculation political administration. The vision of chooses to act in a manner contrary to the wishes of the electors in a dozen other of efforts to build contacts with both the to the US by Adams. This helped the that national democratic forces in Ireland These are still the basic principles that the RUC is consigned to the pages of recently about the prospects for Sinn the Irish Republic which we seek questions, the electors have no redress except to wait for another general election to Irish and British labour movements, peace process because it permitted will take the opportunity to put more which motivate Irish republicans today. I the community history and that a new police service is F6in in the next general election and encompasses all of Ireland and all of its give them the opportunity to return other gentlemen under similar conditions and with Jamison was to meet up with Greaves Adams to argue for the political path effort into fostering solidarity in Britain. would define a republican as one who established. about the possibility of Sinn F6in people. similar opportunities of evil-doing. again as well as trade union leaders such within his own movement." "I hope that the republican adheres to these principles and acts upon The failure of the British government entering some form of coalition. Much It involves social and economic The democracy of parliament is, in short, the democracy of capitalism. Capitalism as Inez McCormack and senior Labour During the campaign for the Adams movement, in the new conditions, will them. Connolly's measurement of freedom to implement the Patten report in of this speculation is ill-informed. equality as well as political freedom. It gives to the worker the right to choose his master, but insists that the fact of mastership Party figures such as Clare Short, both of visa figures representing different stands tak" further steps to upgrade and broaden The term 'republicans' is often used as expressed in 1915 is just as relevant legislation shows the persistent influence The position as adopted at the Sinn values the Irish language and Irish shall remain unquestioned; parliamentary democracy gives the worker the right to a voice whom were brought across to the US by of Irish-America started talking. Key its work in Britain. Republicanism has a in a narrower sense to describe members today: "In the long tun the freedom of a of the securocrats. The same forces have F6in Ard Fheis this year is that any culture and embraces cultural diversity in the selection of his rulers but insists that he shall bend as a subject to be ruled. The IALC. "Inez McCormack was the only among this group were journalist Niall unique relationship with America, going and supporters of Sinn Fdin. I think a nation is measured by the freedom of its resisted the requirement in the proposal for such an arrangement after in Ireland and internationally. Many fundamental feature of both in their relation to the worker is that they imply his continued northern trade unionist in a leading O'Dowd, former congressman Bruce back to the 1790s. But, though there will broader definition is required which lowest class; every upward step of that agreement for British demilitarisation. the next general election would be people have sacrificed much to make this subjection to a ruling class once his choice of the personnel of the rulers is made. position to sponsor the MacBride Morrison, Jamison and the trade always be a base of support here in embraces all who share our commitment class to the possibility of possessing The British government must face decided by a special delegate vision and this ideal a reality. Can we But the freedom of the revolutionist will change the choice of rulers which we Principles," he recalls. unionists associated with IALC, and America, the final victory will depend on to the complete freedom of tljp Irish higher things raises the standard of the down these securocrats. The RUC must conference. succeed? I believe we can. have today into the choice of administrators of laws voted upon directly by the people; The organisation has not just businessman Bill Flynn and Chuck Irish nationalism's ability to influence people. nation in the scale of civilisation." be replaced with a police service that can On the final day of the last D£il I believe that our children shall dwell and will also substitute for the choice of masters (capitalists) the appointment of confined itself to the situation in the Feenev. Their coming together was to British policy. I think that Britain should Flowing naturally from the basic We cannot divorce these core have the support of all sections of the session I supported a motion of no in that Republic — your children, my reliable public servants under direct public control. That will mean true democracy — north. Projects commemorating Ireland's play a crucial role in advancing the Irish be the main arena of international principles are other commitments. Our republican principles from the struggle community. The British army must confidence in the present government on children and, for the first time, all the the industrial democracy of the socialist republic. great labour leaders James Connolly and peace process. solidarity work." historical experience gave us an affinity which they have inspired. The new dismantle its posts and barracks and the basis of its record on critical issues children of the nation equally. Page 8 Irish Democrat October/November 2000 Irish Democrat October/November 2000 Page 9

Book reviews Book reviews

of members of the security forces. For No holds barred example, a judge described their position The importance of as in a wild west film, "where the posse For the 'Joy of penal servitude and the Grace of Joe Ruairi 6 Domhnaill reviews The go ready to shoot their man if need be..." Politics of Force: conflict If the licence to issue forth as a Sally Richardson reviews Mounfjoy: treatment. parents. Lively, artistic and rebellious, laws deteriorated and she eventually revealing women management and state trigger-happy lynch mob is not the The two chapters that Carey devotes Grace and four of her sisters became sued them tor the money Joe intended The Story of a Prison by Tim violence in Northern Ireland public relations flavour of the month, the to Mountjoy's political prisoners could active in the Irish republican movement. her to have. Irish politics. courts turn somersaults to produce Carey, Collins Press £12.99 pbk and Lynda Walker reviews Women in by Fionnuala Ni Aolain, Blackstaff easily be expanded to fill a whole book, It was Grace's interest in Catholicism Although she remained close to her Ironically, both sides condemned the Grace Gifford Plunkett and Ulster Politics 1890-1940 by- suitable verdicts. but he packs a lot into them and Carey is that brought her and Joe Plunkett sisters and their children and had many suffragettes for their violent tactics, Press, £14.99pbk The author observes that while its Irish Freedom by Marie O'Neill, careful to give an overall history with together, to her mother's disgust, friends, some of whose patience she tried Diane Urquluirt, published by Irish mostly window breaking and arson, security forces employ combat methods, Irish Academic Press, £14.50 pbk emphasis on Mountjoy's role in penal although Mrs Gifford had yielded to the sorely, what had been independence and Academic Press. Pric e £35 hbk whilst themselves preparing for civil war. JOHN WADHAM, director of the the UK treats republicans as criminals, MOUNTJOY rather than political history. charm of another Irish rebel, son-in-law wit in her twenties had turned to In describing the work of nationalist independent civil-rights group Liberty, denying them rights under the Geneva THE PRISON architects must have Carey admits he was shocked by Thomas McDonagh, who married her prickliness and a quarrelsome tendency. THIS STUDY of female affiliation to women, the author makes a class maintains that "this book starts from the Convention. studied hard to evolve a soulless prisoners' conditions in Mountjoy today. daughter Muriel. Her behaviour became markedly more mainstream nationalist and unionist distinction when stating that the premise that everyone has a right to life She admits that the international legal building," wrote Ernie O'Malley of A 25-year-old prisoner hanged himself After 1916, Grace earned a difficult after the death of her sister political associations, suffragists and overwhelming majority of nationalists and questions whether all those (in the requirements might not have been Mountjoy prison, where he was held while Carey was writing the epilogue to precarious living as a commercial artist Muriel, another 1916 widow, in 1917. women who stood as MPs, poor law were not drawn from the 'province's' six-county sub state) who were "killed at satisfied by the paramilitaries, for during the civil war. "No touch of his book. and cartoonist and remained in Yet, despite her biographer's efforts, guardians and local councillors provides landed social elite, unlike many the hands of the security forces needed to example through their attacks on warmth of earth or stone; nature was Undoubtedly, the prison system straightened circumstances until Eamon Grace remains a rather shadowy figure. a detailed and descriptive view of some unionists. The result is that there are die. The conclusion is that they did not". civilians. Would it matter, when leading barren here, only the ruthless strength of needs reform. But it can't cure crime. To de Valera granted her a civil-list pension This may not be entirely the fault of women's contribution to political life in fewer written sources for nationalist In fact, the author, a gifted thirty-two authorities of the UK's ad hoc men who built such walls to crush, to do that we have to tackle the problems of in 1932. Her relationship with her in- O'Neill, who points out that "Grace was 'Ulster'. women. year-old p.ofessor of law, finds that constitution held, somewhat airily, that teach a lesson, rather than to cure men, to poverty and inequality in society. a reserved woman who seldom revealed It is based on previously well-known However she does write about the Coming Into The Light, which details the lethal force is an administrative "the sovereignty of parliament is not make the grey stones eat into grey souls." her inner self'. publications and the political writings contribution of women, including the type of "auxiliary" but clearly convention, an integral part of the state's limited by the rules of public Yet, as Tim Carey's new book GRACE GIFFORD Plunkett, thanks to We are left with little knowledge of and activities of Ulster women — the production of Shan Van Vocht, "the first "important" work carried out by unionist evolving policy of conflict management, international law..."? explains, Mountjoy, 150 years old this her marriage to Joe Plunkett. has gone Grace's feelings and beliefs. Some uncovering of which is its major publication to air advanced nationalist women. along with emergency legislation and the This brilliant work complements year, was designed with the best of depicts the stories and experiences of the down in history as an icon of 1916. The details, for which documentation is contribution. The chapter on the views in Ireland", which was founded by Indeed the Ulster Women's Unionist abuse of the legal process. professor Dermot Walsh's Bloody intentions as a model prison that would men and women who committed crimes details are undeniably romantic — the available and which throw light on her campaign for women's suffrage deals Alice Milligan and Anna Johnson. Council is one of the few women's Her conclusions are based on a Sunday (see ID June/July 2000), which not only punish, but educate and reform. and provides details of how the penal sobbing girl in Grafton Street buying a character, are omitted. with lesser-known figures like Miss LA Although she touches briefly on the organisations to survive and in many rigorous investigation of the treatment of has a stronger element of 'human The prisons Mountjoy was meant to system dealt with them. ring, the candlelit ceremony in More information about the Gifford Walkington and Lillian Metge, founder labour movement, with some reference respects can be said to be the backbone all 350 deaths caused by the security interest'. On the other hand, Nf Aolain replace were filthy holes whose inmates Mountjoy, like Kilmainham and Kilmainham prison chapel and Joe's sisters, an interesting bunch, and more of the l.isburn Suffrage Society, as well to Nora and Ina Connolly and the of the Ulster Unionist Party. (Anyone forces between 1969 to 1994. She applies impeccable reasoning, and looks were almost beyond any control. Typhus Long Kesh, holds an iconic position in execution a few hours later. Thirty-nine analysis of Grace's character and as those like Elizabeth Todd, whose influence of their father, James, she does who has read Mothers Into The impartially includes the deaths of British through and beyond six-county and was endemic. Irish political history. These places are years of widowhood followed. She never motivation, particularly in the context of pioneering role is now recognised. not give a detailed analysis of the work Fatherland by Claudia Koonz, with its Army personnel killed by "friendly fire". British law. They were described as 'universities holy ground, sanctified by what so many remarried. the position of women and their The author gives evidence of the of women in the "smaller political excellent, if chilling, account of the The common factor is the state's of crime' as early as 1820. Yet for all the men and women endured for Ireland's Marie O'Neill has written this book emerging freedoms, would have made physical and verbal abuse directed at the movements such as labour and contribution of women in Nazi Germany obstruction of all enquiries, including reformers' good intentions, Mountjoy freedom. to rescue Grace's memory from what for a more illuminating biography. suffragettes. The campaign for the vote communism ", though she acknowledges will recognise how important this those which its own law demands. was often little better. A veritable roll-call of great political Margaret MacCurtain in her introduction Nevertheless, O'Neill has uncovered was portrayed as undermining unionists' that this is "deserving of a separate 'auxiliary role' is.) Fionnuala Ni Aolain analyses the In this humane and compassionate and literary figures did time in Mountjoy calls "a few stark moments frozen in material from hitherto unused sources efforts to keep Ulster British. The fight study". Nor does she refer to Connolly's Though Women in Ulster Politics is British 'justice system' from inquests to book Carey traces the ebb and flow of for resistance to British tyranny. Here time". and her book is a welcome addition to for Home Rule was also seen as writing on women. heavy going at times, it will be of interest the highest courts. She adroitly presents prison reform and practice — were executed Kevin Barry, Liam Grace was one of twelve children, all the growing literature about women's conflicting with the suffrage issue. The The analysis of unionist women to to academics, historians and researchers advanced legal concepts in non-technical experimentation, trial and error. He also Mellows, among other. More died of ill reared as Protestants by their unionist role in Irish history. problems faced by women in pursuing a some extent compliments an excellent interested in women, politics and Irish language, offering her readers feminist cause continue to surface in chapter by the author in a previous book, history . exceptional insights into the law, and Protestant population. Where are they the reality has been a nation which has society's underpinning of it. Protestants speak ff iW^r and what are they doing? "I keep my Refugees discover historically been scarred by emigration She argues that when that society for themselves mouth shut", says one, after remarking, a poor welcome but it also has "fortified our sense of influenced by Redmond's ideas of home is "exclusionary, privileged and "I don't see any difference between victimhood, allowing us to forget that Roger Casement's 1 ^ ' '"t rule and at one meeting some prisoners unaccountable", as in the Six-counties, OMorthern Catholics and Protestants, and that is why many other peoples have suffered the hurled abuse — and stones — at the effects are dire. It is not surprising German episode Prelude Jack Bennett reviews Northern Ireland should really be united." Enda Finlay reviews Refugees and yoke of colonial oppression and have Casement. that its chief engineer, was Protestants, An Unsettled Says another: "If any middle-class Asylum Seekers in Ireland by had terrible experiences in their own to the When word came through from branded a failure by his biographers. People person tells you they are not bigoted, histories". (icrard Curran reviews Prelude to Ireland in 1916 that the rising was by Susan McKay, Blackstaff Paul Cullen, Cork University Press, Easier Inquest procedures are described as they are telling lies." And another: "A lot Sadly, like Britain and other parts of imminent. Casement decided to return Press, £12.99 £6.95 pbk the Easter Rising, Sir Roger inadequate and hamstrung. The criminal of middle-class people are incredible prosperous Europe, where racial Rising without the brigade with the aim of Casement in Imperial courts reach Gilbertian depths in support bigoted... but they daren't let it show." intolerance and xenophobia are also rife, calling it off. Germany. Reinhard R Doerries (ed.) NO ONE reared in a northern Protestant And not without a wry laugh or two. WRITTEN EARLIER this year when Ireland has recently gained a reputation frank Cass, £17.50 pbk Casement's support for a rising was Mulvihill, and academic, examine the environment could fail to recognise A Protestant artist, some of whose the media was replete with headlines for its less than welcoming attitude dependent on considerable outside help Towards the deal many failed attempts to solve the Irish every subtle variation in the woeful tale paintings feature headless bandsmen in bemoaning Ireland's lot in having to deal towards asylum seekers from eastern and he regarded what the Germans were question, pointing out that these failures of sectarianism and bigotry depicted in uniform, explained: "Being a Protestant, with a comparatively small number of Europe and Africa. AMONG THE documents captured by offering as too meagre to risk the lives of Enda Finlay reviews Paths to a are related to a broadly structural this sad, sad book. for me, is like having no head... you are refugees and asylum seekers, Cullen's Earlier this year, official American troops on Germany's defeat in the Irish brigade. Settlement in Northern approach to the problem which does not The author interviews more than not allowed to think." short book, the latest in the excellent incompetence led to a backlog of 6,000 the second world war were German When he landed on Banna Strand Ireland by Sean Farren and Robert F. consider "the accumulated grievances sixty Protestants across the social An "unsettled people" she calls them Cork University Press Undercurrents cases, many having spent years in limbo Foreign Office records relating to events with Robert Monteith, in a small boat, experienced by all the involved Susan McKay Mulvihill, Colin Smythe Ltd, £8.95 pbk spectrum. Most reveal their own (a quote from John Robb). More like a series, cast a critical eye over the awaiting decisions. Attacks on refugees in the previous war — including letters there was no-one to meet them. communities". personal degree of prejudice — from the A book, however, not so much for very disturbed and mentally disorientated treatment of refugees and asylum have become distressingly common. and documents concerning Casement's REINHARO R DOERRIES Monteith went into Tralee to get help Things began to change with the genteel and refined bigotry of middle those who already know the scene, but people. After being cock-o'-the-walk for seekers. Cullen expresses the hope that stay in Germany as an emissary of Clan and the exhausted Casement was picked WHEN THE Good Friday agreement 1985 Anglo-Irish Agreement (AIA), class respectability to the savage and more for those who think they do but 50 years, they are reeling from the shock Cullen tackles the task by looking at lessons can be learned once the backlog Na Gael. up by the local police and taken to was published a republican commented which looked at the totality of relations murderous hatred of the "poor white don't. Essential for those dreamers who of discovering that their fantasy of a the historical context, the European is cleared and crucially that Ireland "with Casement's mission was to raise a His efforts to persuade some the London to be lodged in the Tower. to me that if anybody asked you what is between Ireland and Britain — the trash" in the deprived ghettos of still exist on the fringes of the left, and of "loyal Ulster" is totally shattered. perspective, the Irish response. He also its new economic might comes a duty to brigade of Irish volunteers among the prisoners got off to a bad start when the This book adds useful and interesting wrong with the north, you could now authors cite it as fundamental in the Portadown and the Shankill Road. republicanism and nationalism, in An immensely wide and richly examines options for the future. do more to alleviate suffering in the prisoners of war to aid the proposed military insisted that Casement address information to previous accounts of point to a government-published move towards a possible resolution of She lets them all speak for themselves Dublin and further south, who talk in illustrated survey, with a political range What is clear from his study is the world, and part of this entails taking a rising in Ireland, to persuade the German them at political meetings instead of Casement's activities in Germany and document that outlined the problems in the conflict. and refrains from intruding her own archaic terms of "uniting Protestant, covering all the political nuances, this utter incompetence of successive greater share of the refugee burden". government to support Ireland's right to seeing them individually to sound out includes an historical introduction, no uncertain terms. They also argue that the Good Friday political views except for a mild Catholic and Dissenter", as if those book, despite the largely depressing governments in dealing with this issue. Other new titles in the Undercurrents independence publicly, and to seek their opinions. bibliography, photographs and copious The lie that the north was "as British agreement shows that the future for observation or two such as: "There was a theological categories still existed and content, leaves at the end an overall According to Cullen, only the courts series include Prison Policy in military help for the coming rising. Many of the men were strongly notes. as Finchley" had been nailed. You could opposing communities lies in working terrible lack of humanity in the way many were relevant to the problem. impression of subdued optimism and and the Eastern Health Board have come Ireland, criminal Justice not imagine such a document being together rather than apart. Ballymoney people of all classes spoke Susan McKay's record is not without hope. It is the most important sociological out of the whole period with any credit. versus social Justice by Paul published about Yorkshire or Suffolk! An interesting examination of the about the Quinns" — those three children intelligent and telling comments from the study of the problem yet to appear. And 'Ireland of the welcomes' has O'Mahony and Farm, myths and Reviews in brief In more recent years a very obvious road to the Good Friday agreement and a burnt to death in a loyalist outrage. non-moronic twenty-five per cent of the not a word of psycho-babble in it become as cliched as Irish theme pubs, reality by Alan Mathews. change has occurred. This book sets out useful contribution to our understanding WITH A history like Ireland's it must culture" in just 108 short pages. records, personal journals, diaries and to examine that change and the prospects of recent events as seen from the membership of nearly half a million, and more material debates about the role remarkable a man he was, a man of rare have been something of an editorial Written in a lively, engaging and A NATION ()! memoirs. for the future. perspective of moderate Irish Heart of the matter identifiable by the wearing of a pin, the of drink in Irish society. breadth of vision and moral courage. He nightmare to select just eighteen rebels entertaining style — one chapter, The Bardon's guide includes useful tips Farren, a senior SDLP figure, and nationalism. outward expression of an internal and 1 VI R1 Ml s The fact that the movement was took up the campaigns of anti-slavery, from the 16th century to the present day Scottish Connection, is written in verse and hints for novices and is a must for Calum McConnell reviews A Nation deeply personal piety. founded at a time of intense cultural the fight against sectarianism, the for A Pocket History of Irish — Titley manages to cut through anyone with ancestor's in this part of Extremes But the stereotype of the Irish as a nationalism gave these debates an added disestablishment of the established Rebels (O'Brien Press, £4.99 pbk). accumulated myths about his subject Ireland who wants to find out more about Of by Diarmaid Ferriter, nation of heavy drinkers continued potency, particularly as it had often been Church and franchise reform. Nonetheless, Morgan Llywelyn has while at the same time providing a how lived. Irish Academic Press, £35.00 hbk, and unabated, aided by vast expenditure on contended that increased sobriety was Indeed Webb wasn't scared to mince given it her best shot and produced a substantial amount of fascinating Alfred Webb: the A new edition of Sean Duffy's alcohol. As the century progressed two essential for any self-respecting self- his words, on the outbreak of the Boer shortlist which includes the pirate Grace information. autobiography of a Quaker Atlas of Irish History (Gill and diametrically opposed cultures, governing nation. War which encouraged him to finally O'Malley, United Irish leaders Theobald A Guide to nationalist Jonathan Bardon's Macmillan, £10.99 pbk) has provided an by Marie-Louise Legg abstinence and heavy drinking, lay After independence, the quest for leave parliament he writes in his Wolfe Tone and Fr John Murphy, Local History Sources In the opportunity to bring this excellent book (ed.), Cork University Press , £8.95 pbk alongside each other. sobriety and an initially robust Catholic autobiography: "Parliament from being murdered mayor of Cork Terence Public Record Office of up to date with recent developments in Ferriter makes use of previously crusade ultimately led to confrontation the mother of free nations had become MacSwiney, labour leaders James northern Ireland (Blackstaff Press, the Irish peace process and the economy THE IRISH have always had an unpublished sources, examining the Irish and confusion. their murderer". Connolly and Jim Larkin, Countess £9.99 pbk) is intended as a sequel to of Jie twenty-six counties. A number of extraordinary relationship with alcohol. temperance movement in the context of Alfred Webb may be a forgotten man Markievicz, IRA hunger striker Bobby Tracing Your Ancestors in Northern errors which appeared in the first edition This book seeks to explore this Irish society as a whole and attempting THE NAME Alfred Webb sadly does not in Ireland but he is unlikely to be Sands and even the current Sinn Fdin Ireland published by The Stationery have also been corrected. relationship in the 20th century from the to tease out some of the intricacies and come to mind when we think of those forgotten in India, where he presided as president Gerry Adams. Office and PRONI. The book's visual approach is point of view of the group who were ambiguities associated with these two who agitated for Home Rule, but this son the President of the Indian Congress of In A Pocket History of The new guide includes a particularly accessible while the essays intent on reducing alcohol consumption cultures. of a radical Quaker played his part. This 1894. Webb's involvement with the Gaelic Culture by Alan Titley, comprehensive description of the wide on each period, written by prominent through membership in the Pioneer Total Although the leaders of this book is an attempt to redress this Congress was to lead to partnership (O'Brien Press, £4.99 pbk), the author range of source materials held by Irish historians, are of a generally-high Abstinence of the Sacred Heart. temperance crusade insisted that it was culture it was inevitable that in their imbalance. between Irish and Indian nationalists attempts the near impossible task of PRONI, including church, school, standard. Well worth the investment if Formed in 1898, by the mid 1950s primarily a religious movement given desire to transform attitudes they would The book illustrates in the selections who shared the common goals of self- answering the question "what is Gaelic business, work-house and landed estate you didn't buy it first time around. the association was to claim a the pervasiveness of the Irish drink have to involve themselves in the wider. from his autobiography just how government and land reform. Page 5 Page 11 Irish Democrat October/November 2000 Irish Democrat October/November 2000 Reviews/culture kwn-ottt. Gerard Curran's songs page Sources said... Seamus 6 Cionnfhaola Options for disengagement set was Lupari's bodhran solo during Flag of the free My peace is destroyed and I'm fairly annoyed No more pint of salt for me. — "Plainly which he demonstrated an ability to By a lassie who works in the town No more, no more; the British government is trying to Cambridge Festival delights Pluirin na Mban This recruiting song for Union volunteers in the She sighs every day as she passes the way: No more pint of salt for me. disengage from Northern Ireland. The wring complex rhythms and a rich variety of tones from his instrument. American civil war has a uniquely Irish-American lyric. 'Do you want your lobby washed down?' Many thousand gone. negotiations of the past few years, Donn Og It was set to one of the finest Gaelic melodies, Eibhleen including the latest cosmetic deal with Irish Democrat editor David Granville Scottish fiddle 'supergroup' Blazin' A Ruin (Treasure of my Heart), which became known to the IRA. might have been inspired by the Fiddles (Bruce MacGregor, Iain (Flower of the brown-haired maidens) Chorus reports on some of the highlights of this the English-speaking world as Robin Adair. advice an American gave his country MacFarlane, Alan Henderson, Aidan Do you want your lobby washed down, Con Shine. \ear s Cambridge Folk Festival Do you want your old lobby washed down? Irish ways and Irish laws over Vietnam 30 years ago: declare a O'Rourke, Duncan Chisholm and This beautiful song breathes the very Could we desert you now? She's sighs every day as she passes the way: victory and get out. It might well be the Catriona Macdonald) likewise hit the soul of love and sorrow. It seems to have Rag of the free 'Do you want your old lobby washed down?' wish of the British people. AF-TKR A couple of bonanza years there spot, proving that the Scottish fiddle been written at the period when famine This song was written on the back of a cigarette packet "The British — 'English' would be were noticeably fewer Insh acts at the tradition is alive. afflicted the land. The poet's mistress When we made a solemn vow, in the Baggot Inn, Dublin, by John Gibbs and handed to more accurate — have not great 36th Cambridge Folk Festival — By way of contrast, Sin E declines, through dread of hunger, to go Hag of the free The other day the landlord came by for his rent Christy Moore for the first rendering. No self-respecting emotional affinity, or love, for the Ulster although the quality was as high as ever. successfully combined the skills of with him to County Leitrim. The song You from all harm to save, I told him no money I had bookshop should be without copies of Christy's Protestants. When Harold Wilson De Dannan have rightly earned a traditional musicianship and diverse concludes with a burst of fierce love, Made when we crossed the wave, Besides 'twasn't fair to ask me to pay songbook. attacked the loyalists strikers as reputation as one of the finest modem musical influences — including funk, chastened down by grief and resignation. And you a welcome gave, The times were so awfully bad. 'spongers' in 1974 he was echoing, less traditional Insh music bands around. jazz, techno and world music — to Flag of the free. He felt discontent at not getting his rent, Once upon a time, there was Irish ways and Irish laws. eloquently, what John Milton said more They've also acted as something of a produce some of the most invigorating Da dtoicf liomsa go Co. Liatrom; And he shook his big head in a frown, Villages of Irish blood, that 300 years earlier — and what many traditional music 'academy' with a host and highly danceable music of the A phluirfn na mban donn 6g Are we now cowards grown, Says he 'I'll take half', 'But' says I with a laugh, Waking to the morning, Englishmen vaguely feel to this day. of Ireland's top vocalists and weekend. Bhearfainn mil bheach agus meadh mar Flag of the free? 'Do you want your old lobby washed down?' Waking to the morning. (Geoffrey Wheatcroft in The Obsener) instrumentalists, including Mary Black Their energetic performance in the bhia dhuit Would we you now disown, and Delores Keane. passing through Flag of the free Now the boys look so bashful when they go out courtin' Radio 2 tent at the close of the festival A phluirfn na mban donn 6g. their ranks. Then the Vikings came around. UDA home — "A convicted sectarian undoubtedly brought that part of it to a Bhearfainn aor na long na seol is na You to whose folds we've fled, They seem to look so very shy Sin E: a big hit at Cambridge this year Turned us up and turned us down. killer recently released early from the The current line up continues to close on a suitably high note. mbad You, in whose cause we've bled, As to kiss a young maid, sure they seem half afraid Started building boats and towns Maze prison is moving to England to revolve around founder members round musical talent will have done Some of the finest traditional music Unfortunately, I missed the only Fe bharrai na dtonn is sinn ag filleadh on Bearing you at our head But they would if they could on the sly. They tried to change our living join the neo-Nazi terror group, Combat Frankie Gavin (fiddle, flute and tin much to confirm their reputation as a heard this year came from Scottish performance of The London Lasses and d-traig Flag of the free? But me, I do things in a different way They tried to change our living. 18. Stephen Irwin was sentenced to life whistle) and Alec Finn (bouzouki, top-drawer traditional ensemble. fiddler John McCusker and his collection Pete Quinn. If the reports of other Is ni leigfinn-se aon bhr6n chaoiche I I don't give a nod or a frown for his part in the 'trick or treat' massacre guitar). The hand's latest vocalist, However, for this festival-goer at least, of 'friends' who included, on this festival goers and the quality of their dhail Could we desert you now? When I goes to court, I says 'Here goes for sport. Rag of the free 'Do you want your lobby washed down?' Cromwell and his soldiers camc. at Greysteel in Co. Deny seven years Andrew Murray, is certainly a name to their performance could have done with occasion, ebullient Four Men and a Dog eponymous CD is anything to go by, A phluirfn na mban donn og. ago. The 26-year-old UDA member, watch for the future. a little more passion alongside the frontman Gino Lupari (bodhran). those of us who opted instead for Billy And to false traitors bow, Started centuries of shame But they could not make us turn who was befriended by English neo- US-based band Solas's display of all- undoubted technical ability. One of the highlights of the friends' Bragg missed a real treat. Ni rachad sa leat is nil aon mhaith dhuit Hag of the free? Many thousand gone We are a river flowing, Nazis while he was held in the Maze, dom d'iarr Never! through good and ill, Ireland her blood will spill We're a river flowing. will find himself in the middle of a Duirt pluirin na mban donn og violent dispute among British fascists." The art of the Celts Mar na coinneodh do glortha beo gan Bearing you onward still This song, made famous by Paul Robeson, was a Again, again the soldiers came (The Observer) bhia me Hag of the Free. favourite among the 100,000 Afro-Americans who Burnt our houses, stole our grain, DFBORAH O'BRIEN'S new book. Celtic Decorative Duirt pluirin na mban donn 6g. joined the anti-slavery side in the American civil war. Shot the farmers in their fields, Orange SS — "The Orangeman took off Art, a living tradition (O'Brien Press, £9.99 pbk) features many Mile cead fearr liom 'bheith chaoiche Working for a living, his shirt to reveal tattooed swastikas and of her own modem designs, including the two pictured right, gan fear Do you want your lobby No more auction block for me, No more, no more; Working for a living. tattoos which said SS Storm Troopers. which are inspired by ancient sources such as the magnificent Na 'bheith siul na druchta 'sna bhfasach washed down? The Orangeman went on to talk about Book of Kelts. leat No more auction block for me, Many thousand gone. 800 years we have been down. his belief in the supremacy of the Anglo- Informative and attractively presented, this beautifully- Nior thug mo chroi duit gra na gean. The secret of the water sound Saxon race. I'll be interested to see if the illustrated b(xik is divided into three clear sections. Duirt pluirin na mban donn og. The Cork landlords were so 'reasonable'at the turn of The first contains a brief illustrated history of the the century that tenants managed to earn part of the No more peck of corn for me, Has kept the spirit of a man Orange Order expel this fascist in their rent by agreeing to look after the maintenance of the No more, no more; Above the pain descending. ranks." (Tom Paulin in The Guardian) Celts' and their art by Mairead Ashe Chonaic me ag teacht chugham I Tre Lar No more peck of com for me, Above the pain descending. Fit/Gerald,whose other work includes an t-sl6ibhe premises. Washing the stone steps and hallway must Many thousand gone. Banking irregularities — "The Ulster Exploring the World of Colmcille. Mar r6altan trfd an gceo. have saved a couple of bob. Today the struggle carries on Bank, a subsidiary of the Royal Bank of Part two features Deborah O'Brien's Bht'os ag caint 'sa c6mhra lei go No more driver's lash for me, I wonder will I live so long Scotland, is to make a I£4.2 million colour designs and provides an ndeachamar go pairc na mtx5. I've a nice little cot and a fair bit of land No more, no more; To see the gates being opened up settlement with the Irish tax authorities explanation of the various traditional Shutamar sios ilu'b na fhail And a place by the side of the sea No more driver's lash for me; To a people and their freedom after a parliamentary probe into the motifs and forms which appear in Go dtug me di scriobha faoi mo laimh And I care about no one Many thousand gone. A people and their freedom. misuse of non-resident bank accounts. Celtic art, including their symbolic Nach raibh cor cM ndeanfadh si nach Because, I believe, nobody cares about me. (Financial Times) meaning. ntocfainn a cain The final part of the book features Do pluinn na mban donn 6g. the author's black-and-white designs. It Even more money — "The Northern includes templates and a host of practical Celtic Art Cards Seasonal gifts from Ireland Office will be given an extra £316 suggestions for how the designs can be Foclair million to implement the reforms of the Good Friday Agreement including used for everything from stenciling to tatoos. da dtiocfa (if you would come); Christmas and New Year Cards policing, criminal justice and bhdarfainn mil bheach (wild honey and Four Provinces compensation payment." (The Guardian) mead cup); bhearfainn aor na long (I'll the well-argued essay on Irish, and different genres." show the ships and sails)snf leigfinn aon Loyalist conflict — "A senior RUC Bildungsroman, by Kathryn L Kleypas, Orthodox post structuralism tends bhr6n (grief would not reach us); ni Irish bookshop officer has watched C company's comparing the work of Edna O'Brien towards this type of oversimplification, rachad-sa leat (I shall not go with you); trajectory from skinheads to sectarian politics, history, literature and literary with James Joyce and expressing the ignoring the fact that we can and do mile cead fearr liom (sooner would I live Frank Foley reviews New Voices in 244 Gray's Inn Road, London assassins: 'The community on the theory in a variety of styles and from fundamental differences between male make these distinctions. Sullivan, by and sooner die a maid); ni'or thug chrof Irish Criticism, P.J. Mathews (Ed.), Shankill is reaping what they sow. These disparate perspectives. and female coming-of-age models. contrast, suggests a more subtle duit (my heart never said that I love you) Four Courts Press, £14.95 phk WC1X 8JR boys were once just an ordinary gang of Greg Dobbing's excellent Moynagh Sullivan's examination of approach — a sceptical awareness of chonaic me (I saw her come); Mar thugs who were then elevated into contribution distinguishes James dialogue between feminist theory and realtan trfd an gceo (like a star shining tel: 020 7833 3022 subjective bias. defenders of the people. Now they are IN SPRING 1998, Professor Declan Connolly as "the first Marxist theorist Irish studies, is among the more through the mist); bhf m6 ag caint (I was To dwell on such matters, however, turning on their own people. They are Kiberd convened a series of seminars on who wrote from the perspective of the talking); go ndeachamar go piirc na mb6 theoretically-orientated work. would be to distort the overall effect of For a wide selection of Irish-interest books, calendars not just motivated by drugs, that's facile. Theorising Ireland, providing a forum colonised". Dobbing also associates (we went to the field below); Shuiamar So is Derek Hand's John Banville New Voices, which is both balanced and Pack of ten cards (various designs) £5.50 music, CDs and cassettes, commemorative mugs and Intelligent drug dealers don't draw for young academics, intent on elevating Connolly with James Joyce's anxiety sios (we sat down); Go dtug m£ di and Irish History: the Newton Letter, informative. This book corroborates PJ attention to themselves by going to Irish criticism to the status of Irish concerning the uses of history for scriobha (I promised her in writing); (price includes p&p) - UK only badges, seasonal cards in English and Irish, and which states: "In the modern/ Mathew's claim that this is a period of armed displays and starting feuds with literature. political purposes. N£ch raibh cor da ndeanfadh-si (to bear videos, including Philip Donellan's classic documentary postmodern world there can be no great productivity and expansion for Cheques payable to Northampton Connolly Association the UVF. These people are fanatical The resulting essays embrace all blame of her love for me). of Irish life in Britain, The Irishman (£17.50 plus £1 p&p) Theorising the Novel follows, with distinction made between different texts Irish studies. (Single design packs available on request) loyalists who want the war to start again.'" (The Observer) All greetings in English and Irish Now in stock: 2001 Beautiful Ireland calendars. Ana _ Anniversary Parade Clare, 1803. 9 November Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet 19 October Jonathan Swift, writer and and writer, dies in New York aged 39, Available from: Northampton Connolly Association, Large £3.50, plus 50p p&p, small £2.50 plus 50p p&p Cairde na nGael's Chris Maguire selects some notable dean of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin 1953. 5 Woodland Avenue, Abington, days for October and November dies, 1745; Oliver Cromwell bans the 13 November Birmingham-based Northampton NN3 2BY. Irish Studies Course 2000 celebration of the Catholic mass in republican James McDade dies when a Open 11am-4pm, Tuesday to Saturday Tel. 01604 715 793 LAST WORD 3 October IRA and INLA prisoners call Ireland, 1649. bomb he is planting at a Coventry Mail order and catalogue available on request Cairde na nfiael's Autumn programme continues with off their hunger strike after it becomes 21 October Thomas telephone exchange goes off email: [email protected] "If the north-east corner of Ireland is, 16 October: Lady Gregory, presentation by Moira O'Sullivan clear that relatives will intervene to save Russell is hung for his part in Robert prematurely, 1974 therefore, the home of a people whose and John Garton. (Includes a performance of The Old Woman their lives, 1981. Emmet's failed rising,1803 . 15 November Edna O'Brien, novelist minds are saturated with conceptions of Remembers as performed by Sara Allgood at the Abbey Theatre 7 October Tory prime minister Margaret 22 October Irish National Land League and short-story writer, bom Tuamgraney, political activity fit only for the in December >923) T^^MMPj^. Thatcher announces plans to abolish the founded in Dublin, 1879. Michael Join the Connolly Association Co. Clare, 1932. atmosphere of the seventeenth century, 30 October: George Bernard Shaw: 50 years after Shaw's GLC and the Metropolitan County Davitt, it's chief architect, intends it to In Its campaign for unity and peace In Ireland 17 November Belfast-born Scottish i and if the sublime ideas of an all- death, Moira O'Sullivan, Paul O'Callaghan and John Garton read Councils, 1983. The councils were duly promote and co-ordinate a country-wide physicist and mathematician, William embracing democracy equally as from the works of the great Irish writer :0am abolished in 1986. campaign against landlordism; First Membership £10 per year; £12 (joint), £6 (joint Thompson, inventor of the Kelvin insistent upon its duties as upon its right parliament of Great Britain meets, 1707. 13 November: a talk by Colm Kerrigan (topic to be announced) 11 October Irish delegation meet British temperature scale, dies, 1907. unwaged); £5 students, unemployed and have as yet found poor lodgement there, 30 October Richard Brinsley Sheriden, Venue: Cairde na nGael, 57 Woodgrange Road, Forest Gat6, negotiators at 22 Hans Place London, 24 November Erskine Childers, author pensioners. Membership includes a subscription the fault lies not with this generation of playwright and orator, is bom at 12 London E7 OEL 1921. The delegation, which was led by and Irish patriot, executed by the Free to the Irish Democrat toilers, but with those pastors and and Michael Collins, Upper Dorset Street, Dublin, 1751. State government, 1922. • ^-rM^: Events begin et 7.30pm : masters who deceived it and enslaved it took up residence at 15 Cadogan 4 November Ulster businessmen 28 November Sinn Fdin founded Arthur For further details or a membership form contact: The Connolly in the past — and deceived it in order £2 members, £3 non-members. Further details tel. 020 8518 5089 Gardens in Kensington, London. announce a 'tax strike' until Home Rule Griffith and , 1905. The Association, 244 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8JR that they might enslave it." 17 October William Smith O'Brien, abandoned by the British government, party's emphasis was on cultural and James Connolly Young Irelander, born Dromoland, Co. 1913. economic independence. Iwsh Oemociuc Anonn Is Anall: The Peter Berresford Ellis Column

pro-treaty TD, entered Cork with the victorious Free Staters and tried to take charge of the civil administration. On Saturday 12 August 1922, General Dalton, posted a proclamation declaring that the Free State was in control of the city. Cork's A surprising development was that although Domhnall was hiding in the hills with the guerrillas, still fighting for the republic, in January, 1923, he was once again reelected lord mayor in absentia and the pro-treaty deputy Barry Egan was firmly rejected. As there needed to be a practical executive in the city, it was agreed that the deputy lord mayor would be William Ellis. neglected William Ellis (1873-1951) had first been elected to the city corporation in 1916 as an independent nationalist for the South Area No 2. He had been reelected in 1920. It was alderman Liam de Roiste, who had been elected a Sinn F6in and Transport Workers alderman and also TD in the first Dail in 1918, who proposed Ellis as acting Lord Mayor to steer the fortunes of republican Cork during what history was to be the last year of the civil war. On 24 May 1923 the civil war ended when Frank Aiken gave the order for the cease fire and for Prompted by a report demonstrating British media the republicans to dump their arms. The lord mayor of Cork was now a fugitive, on the run from the Free Staters. ignorance of recent Irish history, Peter Berresford Throughout the period from the fall of the city in August, 1922, to the end of 1923, the lord mayor Ellis reminds us that Terence MacSwiney, right, was had not been able to attend any council meetings and the city solicitor was asked to report by the not the last republican to be elected the position of Cumann na nGael (the Free State party) on the legality of this. He declared that the lord mayor was Lord Mayor in Ireland prior to recent events in Perry now disqualified from office. On 25 January 1924, Domhnall wrote: "I hereby resign the lord mayoralty of the city... The thoughts HEN CATHAL Crumley of On the night of 11 December the British and opinions I had when I was elected are the same Sinn Fein was elected lord occupation forces showed that they meant to break thoughts and opinions I have today on the question mayor of Derry on Monday 5 Cork's republican spirit by burning down the centre although Domhnall was of the Irish Republic. Because of that I have been June, the BBC described him as of the city and looting it. This was not just an act of unable to be with you for more than a year. Because the first republican lord mayor the 'Black and Tan' vandalism but involved regular hiding in the hills he of that I should probably be unable to take part in since Cork's Terence troops. was once again municipal affairs for some time to come. Wishing wMacSwiney died o n hunger strike in a London jail British propaganda immediately tried to claim prosperity to the city and those who will be working in October, 1920. What a colossal piece of historical that Cork citizens had set fire to their own city. The for it..." ignorance. army authorities announced an inquiry. Domhnall re-elected Lord Mayor At the election of a new lord mayor on 30 Having said that, I have been increasingly and the entire city corporation issued a statement January Sir John Scott, an independent nationalist, concerned that histories of the war of independence that "we charge the English military and police in absentia paid a tribute to the outgoing lord mayor and to the and the civil war do seem to end their references force (with the destruction of the city) before the work done by his deputy William Ellis. about the civic struggle in Cork with MacSwiney's whole world". names did so. They were aldermen Collins, Tadhg Two candidates for lord mayor were proposed at death. True, they mention the burning of the city by Domhnall was now advised by seniors members Barry and Charles Coughlan and councillors SJ that 30 January 1924 meeting. The Pro-Treaty Barry British troops in December, 1920, and its capture by of the Irish government that it might be wise for him O'Riordan, John O'Leary, John Sheridan, M Walsh, Egan and the anti-treaty councillor Sean French of Free Staters in August, 1922. But histories mention to leave Cork for a while and that he could do S Daly and T Daly. Two other councillors, W Sinn Fein, who was also a D&il candidate for the city no republican civil administration in the city after equally good service fund raising in the USA. Russell and John Good, refused to surrender and in a by-election that year. MacSwiney. Domhnall, together with Terence MacSwiney's were hidden by their colleagues. Once again 'Rebel' Cork choose a Sinn F6in lord Even the most recent book on Cork — The IRA brother, Peter MacSwiney, managed to stow away The arrested councillors were taken to an mayor. and its Enemies: Violence and Community in Cork on board the American steamer West Canon which internment camp. Alderman Tadhg Barry was shot The pro-treaty government then passed an Act 1916-1923 by Peter Hart (Clarendon Press, Oxford, had been tied up at the Cork jetties. He hid in a coal by a British soldier in October that year. which empowered the minister for local 1998) astounded me by not having a single bunker, but sickness forced him to come on deck Domhnall returned to Ireland and on 19 May government to dissolve any local authority found to reference to Cork's third or fourth republican lord after seven days. 1921. He was elected to the second D£il and be "negligent, insubordinate or corrupt" and mayors. They reached Newport News, Virginia, about 5 appointed minister for home affairs. On 30 January appointed a city commissioner to administer the I did a quick poll of knowledgeable friends and January. A board of special enquiry in Washington 1922, during the troubled days of the debate on the affairs of Cork city. not one) even those from Cork, could name ordered the lord mayor's deportation. Domhnall Treaty, Domhnall was re-elected as lord mayor. It has been argued that Sedn French thereby MacSwiney's successors. appealed and the matter was referred to the State Barry Egan, now also a member of the Diil, and re- remained lord mayor of Cork for the years 1924 Terence MacSwiney's deputy as lord mayor, Department. elected deputy mayor. until the Fianna F4il government reinstituted the was Domhnall Og O Ceallachain (Donal Meantime Domhnall and Peter MacSwiney city council and office of lord mayor in 1929. O'Callaghan), bom in Ardglass, 20 July 1891. He arrived in New York to a tumultuous welcome. N JUNE 1922 Civil War broke out. Carlton William Ellis, the acting lord mayor for 1923- was not a native Irish speaker but, attending Eason's He was in New York when on 31 January 1921, Younger in his study Civil War in Ireland 24, remained a member of the city corporation until Hill school, in the North Parish, he studied the the election for lord mayor was held in Cork. It was (1968) claims: "the hard beating heart of 1935. He specialised in technical and vocational language and was able to complete with native held annually in January. The council met in the Republican intransigence lay in Cork". It was education and was a key figure in developing the speakers and carry off prizes at the Feis Mumhan. courthouse and it was immediately surrounded by true that the city held firmly to its allegiance Cork City vocational education committee. He died He became a member of the IRB and joined the British troops and RIC with a district inspector at to the Republic. As the tide turned Cork had in Cork in 1951. Volunteers, being appointed a section officer before their head. They burst into the council chamber and Ibecome the 'capital' of the diminishing Irish Domhnall O Ceallachain continued to give his 1916. In 1917 he was arrested but later released. He demanded the names of everyone in attendance. republic. allegiance to the Irish Republic. He married Eibhlin was then elected as a Sinn Fdin councillor in They confiscated the roll which the councillors had Michael Collins gave approval to 24-year-old Ni Shuilleabhain, a native speaker of Irish from the January, 1920, to the city council (corporation). just signed and left. Emmet Dalton, to launch an attack on the city. The West Cork Gaeltacht. Eibhlin was sister of Michedl When MacSwiney succeeded Tom&s approaches to Cork by road and rail were well O Suilleabhain author of the famous account of the MacCurtain, after the latter's murder by British defended. Dalton decided to attack from the sea. war of independence in West Cork, Where forces in his own home, in front of his wife and histories mention no Commandeering two steam packets, the Arvonia Mountainy Men Have Sown (1965). They were children, on 20 March 1920, Domhnall became and Lady Wicklow, Dalton took 456 officers and married in London, at the Holy Trinity church in the MacSwiney's deputy. When MacSwiney was republican civil men. On the Lady Wicklow they embarked a Lancia docklands on 2 August 1924. arrested on August 12,1920, in City Hall, Domhnall armoured car called 'The Manager' and an 18- Domhnall remained loyal to de Valera until de took over as acting lord mayor and remained so administration in the city pouruj* fi -Id piece. Valera broke with Sinn F6in. Political pressures during MacSwiney's hunger strike in Brixton, On tht night of Monday 7 August, between forced him to leave the country and he spent some where he had been illegally incarcerated. after MacSwiney 11pm and midnight, they steamed up the River Lee years in Europe, working as an accountant in After MacSwiney's death on 25 October on the tide. On Tuesday 8 August about 2am they Strassbourg, before returning to Ireland and settling Domhnall was confirmed in office. In fact, on 2 The councillors proceeded with the meeting. landed at Passage West. in Athlone. June 1920, Domhnall, who was also elected a Alderman Liam de Roiste proposed the reelection The fighting was fierce but with other landings In 1936 he declined an invitation to a gala councillor for Ballincollig on the Cork County of Domhnall as lord mayor. This was seconded by at Youghal and Union Hall, near Skibbereen, and banquet in support of the opening of the new city Council, became chairman of that council. Sinn alderman Liam Russell. There was no opposition. reinforcements coming by road and rail, the hall calling it a 'Free State' occasion and an outrage F6in Councillor Barry M Egan, a jeweller from Barry Egan was also reelected and was making an republican forces began to pull out of the city on to Cork's republican past. Glanmire, was appointed deputy lord mayor. address when the British troops reentered the Thursday evening to take to the countryside. Among Domhnall O CeallachSin, Cork's third British soldiers were open in telling Domhnall chamber. them was the lord mayor who was now part of De republican lord mayor, and successor to MacCurtain that he would be the third republican lord mayor They called for three aldermen and eight Valera's 'cabinet'. and MacSwiney, died in Dublin in 1962, aged who would not last long in office. councillors to step forward. Only nine of the eleven Barry Egan, the deputy lord mayor and now a seventy years. He is buried in Glasnevin cemetery.

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