DOCSLIB.ORG

China-Telecom-Corporation-Limited

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
China-Telecom-Corporation-Limited About China Telecom China Telecom Corporation Limited (“China Telecom” or the “Company”, a joint stock limited company incorporated in the People’s Republic of China with limited liability, together with its subsidiaries, collectively the “Group”) is a large- scale and leading integrated information services operator in the world, providing wireline & mobile telecommunications services, Internet access services, information services and other value-added telecommunications services primarily in the PRC. As at the end of 2018, the Company had mobile subscribers of about 303 million, wireline broadband subscribers of about 146 million and access lines in service of about 116 million. The Company’s H shares and American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) are listed on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the “Hong Kong Stock Exchange”) and the New York Stock Exchange respectively. Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements contained in this report may be viewed as “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933 (as amended) and Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (as amended). Such forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause the actual performance, financial condition or results of operations of China Telecom Corporation Limited (the “Company”) to be materially different from any future performance, financial condition or results of operations implied by such forward-looking statements. In addition, we do not intend to update these forward-looking statements. Further information regarding these risks, uncertainties and other factors is included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and in the Company’s other filings with the SEC. Contents 003 Contents 082 Environmental, Social and Governance Report 004 2018 Milestones 084 Corporate Social 005 Corporate Information Responsibility Report 006 Financial Highlights 106 Human Resources Development Report 010 Statement from the Board 116 Table of the ESG 020 Biographical Details of Directors, Indicators Supervisors and Senior Management 122 Independent Assurance Report 032 Management’s Discussion and Analysis 123 Appendix – ESG Reporting Guide Index 032 Business Review 127 Corporate Governance 044 Financial Review Report 054 Report of the Directors 158 Independent Auditor’s Report 076 Report of the Supervisory 163 Consolidated Statement of Committee Financial Position 080 Recognition and Awards Consolidated Statement of 165 Comprehensive Income 166 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 167 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 169 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 262 Financial Summary 264 Shareholder Information Corporate Culture China Telecom Corporation Limited Annual Report 2018 003 2018 Milestones • Completed the nation’s first 5G network-based remote- Apr controlled driving trial in Xiongan • Published the White Paper of Artificial Intelligence Terminal, May specified and defined AI smartphone from AI calculation, AI capability and AI application aspects, promoting the convergence of multi-mode terminal value chain and China Telecom’s AI capabilities in network security, Big Data and cloud computing etc., to bring more intelligent AI experiences and services for users • Published the China Telecom’s 5G Technology White Paper, Jun which was the first time to fully elaborate 5G technology perspectives and the overall strategy as a global operator; from the view points of business development, network evolution and user perception, comprehensively elaborated the “Three Clouds” characterised 5G target network structure initiated by China Telecom namely control cloud, access cloud and transfer cloud • Implemented “Speed Upgrade and Tariff Reduction” and Jul ceased charging domestic mobile data roaming tariff • The number of e-Surfing HD (IPTV) subscribers achieved a Aug breakthrough of 100 million • Being granted the approval to utilise the 3,400-3,500MHz Dec spectrum nationwide for 5G system trial • The total number of mobile subscribers exceeded 300 million with a net addition of 53.04 million, reaching a new record high for the Company • Restructuring the R&D system by launching China Telecom Research Institutes and 5G Innovation Centre; achieving innovative breakthroughs in career advancement and employee incentive mechanism for technical talents and mastering key technologies in key information communications areas • Fully promoting “cloudification” and comprehensively upgrading services and network to cloud in terms of infrastructure, products service capabilities and sales mode surrounding cloud computing so as to finally achieve one-stop service covering cloud, network, terminal, application and service aiming at meeting the diversified cloud and network demand for users 004 Corporate Information Board of Directors Supervisory Committee Executive Directors Sui Yixun (Chairman) Zhang Jianbin (Employee Representative) Ke Ruiwen (Exercising the powers of Yang Jianqing (Employee Representative) Chairman & Chief Executive Officer; Xu Shiguang President & Chief Operating Officer) Ye Zhong Gao Tongqing Chen Zhongyue Company Secretary Zhu Min (Chief Financial Officer & Secretary of the Board) Wong Yuk Har Non-Executive Director International Auditor Chen Shengguang Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Independent Non-Executive Legal Advisers Directors Haiwen & Partners Tse Hau Yin, Aloysius Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer Xu Erming Sullivan & Cromwell LLP Wang Hsuehming Yeung Chi Wai, Jason Stock Code Audit Committee HKEx: 728 NYSE: CHA Tse Hau Yin, Aloysius (Chairman) Xu Erming Company Website Wang Hsuehming Yeung Chi Wai, Jason www.chinatelecom-h.com Remuneration Committee Xu Erming (Chairman) Tse Hau Yin, Aloysius Wang Hsuehming Nomination Committee Wang Hsuehming (Chairlady) Tse Hau Yin, Aloysius Xu Erming China Telecom Corporation Limited Annual Report 2018 005 Financial Highlights 2016 2017 2018 Operating revenues (RMB millions) 352,534 366,229 377,124 EBITDA1 (RMB millions) 95,162 102,171 104,207 EBITDA margin2 30.7% 30.9% 29.7% Net profit3 (RMB millions) 18,018 18,617 21,210 Capital expenditure (RMB millions) 96,817 88,712 74,940 Free cash flow4 (RMB millions) (7,648) 7,267 22,457 Total debt/Equity5 35.7% 32.0% 27.9% Earnings per share (RMB) 0.2226 0.2300 0.2621 Dividend per share (HK$) 0.105 0.115 0.125 1 EBITDA was calculated based on operating revenues minus operating expenses plus depreciation and amortisation. 2 EBITDA margin was calculated based on EBITDA divided by service revenues. 3 Net profit represented profit attributable to equity holders of the Company. 4 Free cash flow was calculated from EBITDA minus capital expenditure and income tax. 5 Equity represented equity attributable to equity holders of the Company. For further information, please browse our website at www.chinatelecom-h.com 006 Financial Highlights Operating Revenues (RMB millions) 377,124 2018 366,229 2017 352,534 2016 EBITDA (RMB millions) 104,207 2018 102,171 2017 95,162 2016 Net Profit (RMB millions) 21,210 2018 18,617 2017 18,018 2016 Dividend Per Share (HK$) 0.125 2018 0.115 2017 0.105 2016 China Telecom Corporation Limited Annual Report 2018 007 Co-building Intelligent Networks Leading to New Emerging Areas Statement from the Board As an ancient Chinese philosopher wrote, a tree has to strike a firm root before it can flourish. Facing exceptionally fierce competition in the past year, we focused on customer demands with precision insights, and brought edges of ecosphere convergence into full play to forge ahead against headwinds. As a result, we broke the record in many aspects including subscriber net addition and revenue scale, exuberating vigorous growth momentum. 5G is just around the corner and will bring profound changes to our life. We have been proactively promoting the technology upgrades, while forcefully cementing our network foundation, in the hope of bringing a fresh experience to our customers through the convergence of innovative services. We will leverage our deep-rooted integrated information services capabilities as well as ecosphere edges to enthusiastically embrace new opportunities. We firmly believe that China Telecom, which is full of vibrancy, will soar to a new height and achieve greater success! 010 Statement from the Board Dear shareholders, Operating Results In 2018, the Company firmly grasped the In 2018, operating revenues of the opportunities arising from the Company amounted to RMB377.1 billion, development of digital economy, and rode of which, service revenues1 amounted to on the tide by leveraging the precision RMB350.4 billion, representing an insights into market trends and customer increase of 5.9% compared to last year (if demands. We adhered to the new excluding the impact of the application of development principles and carried out International Financial Reporting Standard supply-side structural reforms. We 15 for the current year, it represented an responded effectively to the complicated increase of 7.2% over last year), with and challenging external environment, as revenue growth having surpassed the well as increasingly fierce competition, industry average for many consecutive achieving new breakthroughs in years. Revenues from emerging expanding our business scale while firmly businesses2 accounted for 51.9% of elevating our corporate value, thereby service revenues, representing an increase reaching a new high in
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Vodacom Annual Results Presentation
    Vodacom Group Annual Results For the year ended 31 March 2020 The future is exciting. Ready? Disclaimer The following presentation is being made only to, and is only directed at, persons to whom such presentations may lawfully be communicated (‘relevant persons’). Any person who is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this presentation or any of its contents. Information in the following presentation relating to the price at which relevant investments have been bought or sold in the past or the yield on such investments cannot be relied upon as a guide to the future performance of such investments. This presentation does not constitute an offering of securities or otherwise constitute an invitation or inducement to any person to underwrite, subscribe for or otherwise acquire securities in any company within the Group. Promotional material used in this presentation that is based on pricing or service offering may no longer be applicable. This presentation contains certain non-GAAP financial information which has not been reviewed or reported on by the Group’s auditors. The Group’s management believes these measures provide valuable additional information in understanding the performance of the Group or the Group’s businesses because they provide measures used by the Group to assess performance. However, this additional information presented is not uniformly defined by all companies, including those in the Group’s industry. Accordingly, it may not be comparable with similarly titled measures and disclosures by other companies. Additionally, although these measures are important in the management of the business, they should not be viewed in isolation or as replacements for or alternatives to, but rather as complementary to, the comparable GAAP measures.
    [Show full text]
  • ITIF Files Comments Supporting T-Mobile-Sprint Merger
    Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, DC 20554 In the Matter of ) ) Applications of T-Mobile US, Inc. and Sprint ) WT Docket No. 18-197 Corporation for Consent to Transfer Control of ) Licenses and Authorizations ) OPPOSITION TO PETITIONS TO DENY OF ITIF The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (“ITIF”)1 appreciates this opportunity to comment in support of the pending merger of T-Mobile US, Inc. (“T-Mobile”) and Sprint Corporation (“Sprint”).2 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY ITIF supports this transaction with the belief that the merger advances innovative wireless broadband services, offers significant benefits that will ultimately flow to consumers, and presents few concerns in terms of competition. The merger offers significant scale and operational efficiencies that will help accelerate the transition to next generation, 5G networks, intensifying competition, and bringing numerous benefits that flow throughout the economy. An honest examination of the facts should find this merger in the public interest under sections 214(a) and 310(d) of the Communications Act.3 Petitions to deny the merger do not fully appreciate the synergies of the transaction and take too myopic a view of how competition functions in today’s media and telecommunications landscape. Some critics of the merger focus narrowly on the number of competitors, decrying this merger as a 4 to 3 reduction. This view does not appreciate companies on the cusp of wireless entry, such as cable firms, or, more importantly, the 1 The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF) is a non-partisan research and educational institute – a think tank – whose mission is to formulate and promote public policies to advance technological innovation and productivity internationally, in Washington, and in the states.
    [Show full text]
  • Executive Summary
    Executive summary For more information, visit: www.vodafone.com/investor Highlights Group highlights for the 2010 financial year Revenue Financial highlights ■ Total revenue of £44.5 billion, up 8.4%, with improving trends in most £44.5bn markets through the year. 8.4% growth ■ Adjusted operating profit of £11.5 billion, a 2.5% decrease in a recessionary environment. ■ Data revenue exceeded £4 billion for the first time and is now 10% Adjusted operating profit of service revenue. ■ £1 billion cost reduction programme delivered a year ahead of schedule; £11.5bn further £1 billion programme now underway. 2.5% decrease ■ Final dividend per share of 5.65 pence, resulting in a total for the year of 8.31 pence, up 7%. ■ Higher dividends supported by £7.2 billion of free cash flow, an increase Free cash flow of 26.5%. £7.2bn Operational highlights 26.5% growth ■ We are one of the world’s largest mobile communications companies by revenue with 341.1 million proportionate mobile customers, up 12.7% during the year. Proportionate mobile customers ■ Improved performance in emerging markets with increasing revenue market share in India, Turkey and South Africa during the year. ■ Expanded fixed broadband customer base to 5.6 million, up 1 million 341.1m during the year. 12.7% growth ■ Comprehensive smartphone range, including the iPhone, BlackBerry® Bold and Samsung H1. ■ Launch of Vodafone 360, a new internet service for the mobile and internet. ■ High speed mobile broadband network with peak speeds of up to 28.8 Mbps. Vodafone Group Plc Annual Report 2010 1 Sir John Bond Chairman Chairman’s statement Your Company continues to deliver strong cash generation, is well positioned to benefit from economic recovery and looks to the future with confidence.
    [Show full text]
  • Emperor's River: China's Grand Canal – Philipp Scholz Rittermann July 1
    Emperor’s River: China’s Grand Canal – Philipp Scholz Rittermann July 1 – November 30, 2014 Harn Museum of Art -- Rubin Gallery Introduction In 2009 and 2010, photographer Philipp Scholz Rittermann traveled along China’s Grand Canal to capture the country’s booming economy, and rapidly changing landscape and social structure. Rittermann’s photographic interests are largely focused on the built environment, and the way people and the planet are transformed by it. He traveled to China first as an invited artist and then on succeeding trips to document this massive waterway. Having mastered, in previous projects, the digital panorama—a format hungry for information—he found his ideal subject in the People’s Republic of China. The number of bridges, boats, scooters, railways, and the subject of the series itself, the Grand Canal, speaks to Rittermann’s fascination with passage. This material manifestation of movement becomes symbolic of our collective human journey in the 21st century. Accelerated passage and progress are the means by which this particular culture, China, and subsequently the world, plunges headlong into the future. Rittermann wants to momentarily arrest these unprecedented changes to reflect on their ramifications. As we voyage out of one century into another, his photographs become lyrical topographical maps from which to chart the course of a brave new world. — Carol McCusker, Curator About the Artist & Series To make his photographs, Philipp Rittermann handholds a digital camera, panning across a scene, making exposures every few seconds, anticipating what is about to happen in each frame. The specific needs of each frame (light, perspective, focal separation) must be understood in a fraction of a second while shooting.
    [Show full text]
  • Android (Operating System) 1 Android (Operating System)
    Android (operating system) 1 Android (operating system) Android Home screen displayed by Samsung Nexus S with Google running Android 2.3 "Gingerbread" Company / developer Google Inc., Open Handset Alliance [1] Programmed in C (core), C++ (some third-party libraries), Java (UI) Working state Current [2] Source model Free and open source software (3.0 is currently in closed development) Initial release 21 October 2008 Latest stable release Tablets: [3] 3.0.1 (Honeycomb) Phones: [3] 2.3.3 (Gingerbread) / 24 February 2011 [4] Supported platforms ARM, MIPS, Power, x86 Kernel type Monolithic, modified Linux kernel Default user interface Graphical [5] License Apache 2.0, Linux kernel patches are under GPL v2 Official website [www.android.com www.android.com] Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications.[6] [7] Google Inc. purchased the initial developer of the software, Android Inc., in 2005.[8] Android's mobile operating system is based on a modified version of the Linux kernel. Google and other members of the Open Handset Alliance collaborated on Android's development and release.[9] [10] The Android Open Source Project (AOSP) is tasked with the maintenance and further development of Android.[11] The Android operating system is the world's best-selling Smartphone platform.[12] [13] Android has a large community of developers writing applications ("apps") that extend the functionality of the devices. There are currently over 150,000 apps available for Android.[14] [15] Android Market is the online app store run by Google, though apps can also be downloaded from third-party sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Softbank Corp. Annual Report 2019 Softbank Corp
    SoftBank Corp. Annual Report 2019 SoftBank Corp. We don’t just dream. We make things happen. We’re going beyond just being a carrier — we’re transforming into a visionary platformer. We don’t just dream up things. We take the world’s advanced ideas, and turn them into reality with our drive to make things happen. We do this so tomorrow’s people will be the happiest in human history. SoftBank Corp. ANNUAL REPORT 2019 1 Introducing Our First Annual Report SoftBank Group Corporate Philosophy Ken Miyauchi President & CEO Information Revolution SoftBank Corp. — Happiness for Everyone In December 2018, SoftBank Corp. (the “Company” or “SoftBank”) of this technological evolution, SoftBank has expanded its business listed its shares on the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange. scale in step with society’s growth. The second is our ability to grow I would like to begin by expressing my sincere gratitude to our businesses. We have expanded our business operations by bringing shareholders, investors, and other stakeholders for their support together and regenerating companies in crisis, including JAPAN to date. TELECOM CO., LTD., Vodafone K.K., WILLCOM, Inc., and eAccess Ltd. The third is our ability to overcome adverse environments. In its role as a strategic holding company, our parent company Sometimes, we have faced headwinds, but we have always taken SoftBank Group Corp. (“SoftBank Group”). is accelerating the pace on adverse situations directly, focused on self-improvement, and of global investment in accordance with the Cluster of No. 1 AI thereby achieved further growth. Strategy. Meanwhile, as the primary operating company in Japan With a view to communicating our growth strategy and related and with the telecommunications business at its core, SoftBank is initiatives more clearly, we have issued our first annual report, Since our founding, the SoftBank Group has sought to use the engaging in a wide range of businesses.
    [Show full text]
  • (MTS) Converges Fixed and Mobile Telephony
    Customer Case Study Mobile TeleSystems (MTS) Converges Fixed and Mobile Telephony MTS creates new revenue opportunities with new services. Business Challenge EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Wireless applications for voice and data are Mobile TeleSystems (MTS) Industry: Telecommunications becoming as essential to today’s businesses as their BUSINESS CHALLENGE fixed, or wired, counterparts. Although many Increase revenue opportunities and market enterprises have sophisticated IP data networks in share by offering fixed-mobile converged voice services. place, and many have implemented IP NETWORK SOLUTION Communications applications over those networks, A Cisco gateway and softswitch solution that they must still rely on a separate mobile voice delivers enhanced signaling and call control. network. In Europe, many operators of Global BUSINESS RESULTS Systems for Mobile Communications (GSM) Delivered new fixed-mobile converged voice solution to customers in multiple regions. networks are monitoring technology advances that Reduced capital and operating expenses in purchasing, maintaining, and supporting new will enable them to build an open, IP-based service infrastructure. infrastructure that can provide a reliable foundation Gained competitive advantage by presenting customers with a unified bill. from which to deploy rich multimedia communication services – including mixed telecom and data services and combined fixed and mobile services. The emerging IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) approach to deploying IP infrastructure promises to help operators achieve this goal. Mobile TeleSystems (MTS), with multiple networks and more than 50 million existing customers in Eastern Europe and Russia, saw an opportunity to increase its revenue opportunities and market share in large enterprises by offering a fixed-mobile converged voice service. If successful, the service could advance MTS well ahead of its competitors and allow it to capture a significantly large share of the enterprise telecom revenue.
    [Show full text]
  • Bringing the Future Faster
    6mm hinge Bringing the future faster. Annual Report 2019 WorldReginfo - 7329578e-d26a-4187-bd38-e4ce747199c1 Bringing the future faster Spark New Zealand Annual Report 2019 Bringing the future faster Contents Build customer intimacy We need to understand BRINGING THE FUTURE FASTER and anticipate the needs of New Zealanders, and Spark performance snapshot 4 technology enables us Chair and CEO review 6 to apply these insights Our purpose and strategy 10 to every interaction, Our performance 12 helping us serve our Our customers 14 customers better. Our products and technology 18 Read more pages 7 and 14. Our people 20 Our environmental impact 22 Our community involvement 24 Our Board 26 Our Leadership Squad 30 Our governance and risk management 32 Our suppliers 33 Leadership and Board remuneration 34 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Financial statements 38 Notes to the financial statements 44 Independent auditor’s report 90 OTHER INFORMATION Corporate governance disclosures 95 Managing risk framework roles and 106 responsibilities Materiality assessment 107 Stakeholder engagement 108 Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) content 109 index Glossary 112 Contact details 113 This report is dated 21 August 2019 and is signed on behalf of the Board of Spark New Zealand Limited by Justine Smyth, Chair and Charles Sitch, Chair, Audit and Risk Management Committee. Justine Smyth Key Dates Annual Meeting 7 November 2019 Chair FY20 half-year results announcement 19 February 2020 FY20 year-end results announcement 26 August 2020 Charles Sitch Chair Audit and Risk Management Committee WorldReginfo - 7329578e-d26a-4187-bd38-e4ce747199c1 Create New Zealand’s premier sports streaming business Spark Sport is revolutionising how New Zealanders watch their favourite sports events.
    [Show full text]
  • ARM University Program Copyright © ARM Ltd 2013 1 World-Wide University Program
    ARM University Program Copyright © ARM Ltd 2013 1 World-wide University Program Preparing Today’s Students for Tomorrow’s Technology Joe Bungo ARM University Program Manager – Americas/Europe R&D Division 2 CONFIDENTIAL ARM Ltd ° ARM founded in November 1990 ° Advanced RISC Machines ° Company headquarters in Cambridge, UK ° Processor design centers in Cambridge, Austin, and Sophia Antipolis ° Sales, support, and engineering offices all over the world ° Best known for its range of RISC processor cores designs ° Other products – fabric IP, software tools, models, cell libraries - ° to help partners develop and ship ARM-based SoCs ° ARM does not manufacture silicon ° More information about ARM and our offices on our web site: www.arm.com ARM University Program Copyright © ARM Ltd 2013 3 ARM Offices Worldwide ARM University Program Copyright © ARM Ltd 2013 4 ARM’s Activities Connected Community Development Tools Software IP Processors memory System Level IP: Data Engines SoCSoC Fabric 3D Graphics Physical IP ARM University Program Copyright © ARM Ltd 2013 5 ARM Connected Community – 800+ ARM University Program Copyright © ARM Ltd 2013 6 Huge Range of Applications IR Fire Detector Exercise Utility Intelligent Machines Energy Efficient Appliances Intelligent toys Meters Vending Tele-parking Equipment Adopting 32-bit ARM Microcontrollers ARM University Program Copyright © ARM Ltd 2013 7 Huge Opportunity For ARM Technology 35+ 100+ billion billion cores accumulated cores to date after next 7 yrs 1998 2013 2020 ARM University Program Copyright © ARM Ltd 2013 8 ARM Cortex Advanced Processors ° ARM Cortex™-A family: ° Applications processors for feature- Cortex-A57 rich OS and 3 rd party applications ...2.5GHz Cortex-A53 ° ARM Cortex-R family: Cortex-A15 Cortex-A9 Embedded processors for real-time ° Cortex-A8 signal processing, control applications Cortex-A7 Cortex-A5 ° ARM Cortex-M family: Cortex-R7 ° Microcontroller-oriented processors Cortex-R5 for MCU, ASSP, and SoC applications Cortex-R4 Cortex-M4 Cortex-M3 Cortex-M1 Cortex-M0 SC300 SC000 Cortex-M0+ <12k gates..
    [Show full text]
  • Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C
    Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20554 In the Maller of ) ) Global Crossing Limited and Level 3 ) Communications, Inc., Application for ) Consent to Transfer Control ofAuthority to ) Provide Global facilities-Based and Global ) IB Docket No. I 1-78 Resale International Telecommunications ) Services and ofDomestic Common Carrier ) Transmission Lines, Pursuant to Section 214 ) of the Communications Act, as Amended ) ) Level 3 Communications, Inc., Petition for ) Declaratory Ruling Under Section 31 0(b)(4) ) Ofthe Communications Act of 1934, as ) AJnended ) DECLARATION OF MARCELLUS NIXON I. My name is Marcellus I ixon. I am the Director ofIP Network Planning at XO Communications, LLC. (XO). My business address is 13865 Sunrise Valley Drive, Hcrndon, VA 20171. 2. I have bcen employed at XO since 2002, initially as an IP Network Engineer. I have been in my current position as Dircctor ofIP Network Planning since 2008. My career with IP nctworks began in the US Army. I have also held networking positions with the NASD and internet MCT. I hold a Bachelor ofInterdisciplinary Studies from the University of Virginia. 3. In my current position, I am responsible for all strategic aspects of IP network planning, and I am the peering coordinator for XO. In that capacity, I manage relationships with other Tier I and lower tier Internet Backbone Providers (lI3Ps), including detennining wbere peering occurs, evaluating network arcbitecture needs such as capacity requirements, routing requirements, and the impact of technological changes on the peering arrangement. I also am responsible for negotiating interconnection (peering) agreements. To date, I have negotiated on behalf ofXO forty-seven (47) peering agreements.
    [Show full text]
  • Networking and the Internet
    Networking and Today’s lecture the Internet History of the Internet How the Internet works Lecture 4 – COMPSCI111/111G S2 2018 Network protocols The telephone WWII and the Cold War 1876: first successful bi-directional Computer technology played an important role transmission of clear speech in code-breaking during WW2 by Alexander Bell and Thomas Watson Cold War between US and USSR led to a technology and arms race Peaked with the launch of Sputnik in 1957 1958: Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) 1940: first successful transmission established of digital data through over telegraph wires by George Stibitz April 1969: construction of ARPANET begins, a packet-switching network Circuit-switching network Packet-switching network Nodes are connected physically via a central Data is broken into packets, which are then sent node on the best route in the network Used by the telephone network Each node on the route sends the packet onto its next destination, avoiding congested or broken Originally, switchboard operators had to nodes manually connect phone calls, today this is done electronically B A ARPANET ARPANET in 1977 October 1969: ARPANET is completed with four nodes 1973: Norway connects to ARPANET via satellite, followed by London via a terrestrial link ARPANET ARPANET to the Internet 1983: TCP/IP implemented in ARPANET Networks similar to ARPANET sprang up around the USA and in other countries 1990: ARPANET is formally decommissioned 1984: domain name system (DNS) implemented 1985: NSFNET was established 1989: Waikato University connects to NSFNET 1991: World Wide Web (WWW) created at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) by Tim Berners-Lee 1995: NSFNET is retired WWW vs Internet Internet growth The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks.
    [Show full text]
  • The Internet ! Based on Slides Originally Published by Thomas J
    15-292 History of Computing The Internet ! Based on slides originally published by Thomas J. Cortina in 2004 for a course at Stony Brook University. Revised in 2013 by Thomas J. Cortina for a computing history course at Carnegie Mellon University. A Vision of Connecting the World – the Memex l Proposed by Vannevar Bush l first published in the essay "As We May Think" in Atlantic Monthly in 1945 and subsequently in Life Magazine. l "a device in which an individual stores all his books, records, and communications, and which is mechanized so that it may be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility" l also indicated the idea that would become hypertext l Bush’s work was influential on all Internet pioneers The Memex The Impetus to Act l 1957 - U.S.S.R. launches Sputnik I into space l 1958 - U.S. Department of Defense responds by creating ARPA l Advanced Research Projects Agency l “mission is to maintain the technological superiority of the U.S. military” l “sponsoring revolutionary, high-payoff research that bridges the gap between fundamental discoveries and their military use.” l Name changed to DARPA (Defense) in 1972 ARPANET l The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was the world's first operational packet switching network. l Project launched in 1968. l Required development of IMPs (Interface Message Processors) by Bolt, Beranek and Newman (BBN) l IMPs would connect to each other over leased digital lines l IMPs would act as the interface to each individual host machine l Used packet switching concepts published by Leonard Kleinrock, most famous for his subsequent books on queuing theory Early work Baran (L) and Davies (R) l Paul Baran began working at the RAND corporation on secure communications technologies in 1959 l goal to enable a military communications network to withstand a nuclear attack.
    [Show full text]