DOCSLIB.ORG

Hurricanes and Blizzards by Nandika Palle Causes About Hurricanes and Blizzard

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hurricanes and Blizzards by Nandika Palle Causes About Hurricanes and Blizzard Hurricanes and Blizzards by Nandika Palle Causes About Hurricanes and Blizzard What is the main cause of a hurricane? Hurricanes form over the warm ocean water of the tropics. When warm moist air over the water rises, it is replaced by cooler air. The cooler air will then warm and start to rise. If there is enough warm water, the cycle will continue and the storm clouds and wind speeds will grow causing a hurricane to form. What is the main cause of Blizzard? In general, blizzards occur when a mass of warmer air collides with a mass of very cold air. The cold air mass cuts under the warm air mass, and as the warm moist air rises upwards it forms snow. The collision of the air masses also provides the atmospheric tension required for high wind speeds. How Hurricanes and Blizzards measured? How are blizzards measured? A blizzard is one type of storm that has no scale in which to measure its intensity. A blizzard's strength is measured by an estimate based off of total snowfall and wind speeds. Every thunderstorms has lightning but it isn't always visible. How are hurricanes are measured? The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale is a 1 to 5 rating based on a hurricane's sustained wind speed. This scale estimates potential property damage. Prevention and Safety Prevention and Safety of Blizzards: 1. Stay indoors and dress warmly. 2. Eat regularly. Drink water. 3. If you must go outside, wear layered clothing, mittens and a hat. 4. Watch for signs of hypothermia and frostbite. 5. Keep dry. if you must drive, carry a cell phone Prevention and Safety of Hurricanes: 1. Stay away from low-lying and flood prone areas. 2. Always stay indoors during a hurricane, because strong winds will blow things around. 3. Leave mobile homes and to go to a shelter. 4. If your home isn't on higher ground, go to a shelter. 5. If emergency managers say to evacuate, then do so immediately. Events Blizzard Events Hurricane Events Effects Blizzard Effects blizzard can be a very unpleasant experience which can even be fatal. Spending time in a blizzard, unprotected, or unprepared can lead to a freezing to death, hypothermia and frostbites. Any of these conditions require medical intervention. The best way to prevent these problems is to stay locked up in the house. Hurricane Effects: Hurricanes are one of nature's most powerful storms. They produce strong winds, storm surge flooding, and heavy rainfall that can lead to inland flooding, tornadoes, and rip currents. Interesting facts Blizzard Facts: A blizzard is a severe snow storm with winds in excess of 35 mph and visibility of less than a 1/4 mile for more than 3 hours. Blizzards can also occur after snowfall when high winds cause whiteouts (fallen snow blowing around) and snowdrifts (huge mountains of snow), which decrease visibility Hurricane Facts: A typical hurricane can dump 6 inches to a foot of rain across a region. The most violent winds and heaviest rains take place in the eye wall, the ring of clouds and thunderstorms closely surrounding the eye. Every second, a large hurricane releases the energy of 10 atomic bombs. Hurricanes can also produce tornadoes Difference Between Hurricane and Blizzards The Difference and Similarities of a Hurricane and a Blizzard Mother Nature can form many powerful storms, such as hurricanes, blizzards, typhoons, and cyclones. However, the two storms that are significant to the New England area are hurricanes and blizzards due to their extremely powerful type of weather. Hurricanes and blizzards can be catastrophic and cause excessive damage, however under different conditions. Blizzards involve large mass amounts of snow covering a wide area, while a hurricane involves excessive rain and tremendous winds. Both storms are quite different; however, there are a few similarities. A hurricane is characterized by thunderstorms, strong winds, and heavy rains. A blizzard is a storm with dry. How Blizzards and Hurricanes are same? Both blizzards and hurricanes are also accompanied by precipitation. As a hurricane is formed, moist air rises and condenses. Thus, hurricanes are associated with extreme rainfall. The rising air of a blizzard creates a front that collides with air currents in areas that have heavy moisture contents. THANK YOU.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sirocco Manual
    SIROCCO INSTALLATION PROPER INSTALLATION IS IMPORTANT. IF YOU NEED ASSISTANCE, CONSULT A CONTRACTOR ELECTRICIAN OR TELEVISION ANTENNA INSTALLER (CHECK WITH YOUR LOCAL BUILDING SUPPLY, OR HARDWARE STORE FOR REFERRALS). TO PROMOTE CONFIDENCE, PERFORM A TRIAL WIRING BEFORE INSTALLATION. Determine where you are going to locate both the 1 rooftop sensor and the read-out. Feed the terminal lug end of the 2-conductor cable through 2 2-CONDUCTOR WIND SPEED the rubber boot and connect the lugs to the terminals on the bottom CABLE SENSOR of the wind speed sensor. (Do NOT adjust the nuts that are already BOOT on the sensor). The polarity does not matter. COTTER PIN 3 Slide the stub mast through the rubber boot and insert the stub mast into the bottom of the wind speed sensor. Secure with the cotter pin. Coat all conections with silicone sealant and slip the boot over the sensor. STRAIGHT STUB MAST Secure the sensor and the stub mast to your antenna 2-CONDUCTOR mast (not supplied) with the two hose clamps. Radio CABLE 4 Shack and similar stores have a selection of antenna HOSE CLAMPS masts and roof mounting brackets. Choose a mount that best suits your location and provides at least eight feet of vertical clearance above objects on the roof. TALL MAST EVE 8 FEET 5 Follow the instructions supplied with the antenna MOUNT VENT-PIPE mount and secure the mast to the mount. MOUNT CABLE WALL CHIMNEY Secure the wire to the building using CLIPS TRIPOD MOUNT MOUNT MOUNT 6 CAULK cable clips (do not use regular staples).
    [Show full text]
  • PROTECT YOUR PROPERTY from STORM SURGE Owning a House Is One of the Most Important Investments Most People Make
    PROTECT YOUR PROPERTY FROM STORM SURGE Owning a house is one of the most important investments most people make. Rent is a large expense for many households. We work hard to provide a home and a future for ourselves and our loved ones. If you live near the coast, where storm surge is possible, take the time to protect yourself, your family and your belongings. Storm surge is the most dangerous and destructive part of coastal flooding. It can turn a peaceful waterfront into a rushing wall of water that floods homes, erodes beaches and damages roadways. While you can’t prevent a storm surge, you can minimize damage to keep your home and those who live there safe. First, determine the Base Flood Elevation (BFE) for your home. The BFE is how high floodwater is likely to rise during a 1%-annual-chance event. BFEs are used to manage floodplains in your community. The regulations about BFEs could affect your home. To find your BFE, you can look up your address on the National Flood Hazard Layer. If you need help accessing or understanding your BFE, contact FEMA’s Flood Mapping and Insurance eXchange. You can send an email to FEMA-FMIX@ fema.dhs.gov or call 877 FEMA MAP (877-336-2627). Your local floodplain manager can help you find this information. Here’s how you can help protect your home from a storm surge. OUTSIDE YOUR HOME ELEVATE While it is an investment, elevating your SECURE Do you have a manufactured home and want flood insurance YOUR HOME home is one of the most effective ways MANUFACTURED from the National Flood Insurance Program? If so, your home to mitigate storm surge effects.
    [Show full text]
  • February 2021 Historical Winter Storm Event South-Central Texas
    Austin/San Antonio Weather Forecast Office WEATHER EVENT SUMMARY February 2021 Historical Winter Storm Event South-Central Texas 10-18 February 2021 A Snow-Covered Texas. GeoColor satellite image from the morning of 15 February, 2021. February 2021 South Central Texas Historical Winter Storm Event South-Central Texas Winter Storm Event February 10-18, 2021 Event Summary Overview An unprecedented and historical eight-day period of winter weather occurred between 10 February and 18 February across South-Central Texas. The first push of arctic air arrived in the area on 10 February, with the cold air dropping temperatures into the 20s and 30s across most of the area. The first of several frozen precipitation events occurred on the morning of 11 February where up to 0.75 inches of freezing rain accumulated on surfaces in Llano and Burnet Counties and 0.25-0.50 inches of freezing rain accumulated across the Austin metropolitan area with lesser amounts in portions of the Hill Country and New Braunfels area. For several days, the cold air mass remained in place across South-Central Texas, but a much colder air mass remained stationary across the Northern Plains. This record-breaking arctic air was able to finally move south into the region late on 14 February and into 15 February as a strong upper level low-pressure system moved through the Southern Plains. As this system moved through the region, snow began to fall and temperatures quickly fell into the single digits and teens. Most areas of South-Central Texas picked up at least an inch of snow with the highest amounts seen from Del Rio and Eagle Pass extending to the northeast into the Austin and San Antonio areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Safety Rules Are Intended to Assist in That Goal
    NOAA’s Weather-Ready Nation is about building community resilience in the face of extreme weather and water events. Part of being weather-ready is being prepared for whatever mother nature happens to throw our way. The accompanying safety rules are intended to assist in that goal. You can find more information on NOAA’s Weather- Ready Nation webpage at http://www.nws.noaa.gov/com/weatherreadynation/. Blizzard Although less frequent in our part of the country, blizzard or near-blizzard conditions can catch motorists off-guard. If you become trapped in your automobile… (1) Avoid overexertion and exposure. Attempting to push your car, shovel heavy drifts, and other difficult chores during a blizzard may cause a heart attack even for someone in apparently good physical condition. (2) Stay in your vehicle. Do not attempt to walk out of a blizzard. Disorientation comes quickly in blowing and drifting snow. You are more likely to be found when sheltered in your car. (3) Keep fresh air in your car. Freezing wet snow and wind-driven snow can completely seal the passenger compartment. (4) Run the motor and heater sparingly, and only with the downwind window cracked for ventilation to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning. Make sure the tailpipe is unobstructed. (5) Exercise by clapping hands and moving arms and legs vigorously from time to time, and do not stay in one position for long. (6) Turn on the dome light at night. It can make your vehicle visible to work crews. (7) Keep watch. Do not allow all occupants of the car to sleep at once.
    [Show full text]
  • The 1993 Superstorm: 15-Year Retrospective
    THE 1993 SUPERSTORM: 15-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE RMS Special Report INTRODUCTION From March 12–14, 1993, a powerful extra-tropical storm descended upon the eastern half of the United States, causing widespread damage from the Gulf Coast to Maine. Spawning tornadoes in Florida and causing record snowfalls across the Appalachian Mountains and Mid-Atlantic states, the storm produced hurricane-force winds and extremely low temperatures throughout the region. Due to the intensity and size of the storm, as well as its far-reaching impacts, it is widely acknowledged in the United States as the ―1993 Superstorm‖ or ―Storm of the Century.‖ During the storm’s formation, the National Weather Service (NWS) issued storm and blizzard warnings two days in advance, allowing the 100 million individuals who were potentially in the storm’s path to prepare. This was the first time the NWS had ever forecast a storm of this magnitude. Yet in spite of the forecasting efforts, about 100 deaths were directly attributed to the storm (NWS, 1994). The storm also caused considerable damage and disruption across the impacted region, leading to the closure of every major airport in the eastern U.S. at one time or another during its duration. Heavy snowfall caused roofs to collapse in Georgia, and the storm left many individuals in the Appalachian Mountains stranded without power. Many others in urban centers were subject to record low temperatures, including -11°F (-24°C) in Syracuse, New York. Overall, economic losses due to wind, ice, snow, freezing temperatures, and tornado damage totaled between $5-6 billion at the time of the event (Lott et al., 2007) with insured losses of close to $2 billion.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping of Climate Change Threats and Human Development Impacts in the Arab Region
    Arab Human Development Report Research Paper Series Mapping of Climate Change Threats and Human Development Impacts in the Arab Region Balgis Osman Elasha United Nations Development Programme Regional Bureau for Arab States United Nations Development Programme Regional Bureau for Arab States Arab Human Development Report Research Paper Series 2010 Mapping of Climate Change Threats and Human Development Impacts in the Arab Region Balgis Osman Elasha The Arab Human Development Report Research Paper Series is a medium for sharing recent research commissioned to inform the Arab Human Development Report, and fur- ther research in the field of human development. The AHDR Research Paper Series is a quick-disseminating, informal publication whose titles could subsequently be revised for publication as articles in professional journals or chapters in books. The authors include leading academics and practitioners from the Arab countries and around the world. The findings, interpretations and conclusions are strictly those of the authors and do not neces- sarily represent the views of UNDP or United Nations Member States. The present paper was authored by Balgis Osman Elasha. * * * Balgis Osman-Elasha is a Climate Change Adaptation Expert at the African Development Bank. She holds a Bachelor’s Degree (with Honours) and a Doctorate in Forestry Science, and a Master’s Degree in Environmental Science. She has extensive experience in climate change research, with a focus on the human dimensions of global environmental change (GEC) and sustainable development. She is a winner of the UNEP Champions of the Earth award, 2008, and a member of the IPCC Lead Authors Nobel Peace Prize winners in 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • North American Notes
    268 NORTH AMERICAN NOTES NORTH AMERICAN NOTES BY KENNETH A. HENDERSON HE year I 967 marked the Centennial celebration of the purchase of Alaska from Russia by the United States and the Centenary of the Articles of Confederation which formed the Canadian provinces into the Dominion of Canada. Thus both Alaska and Canada were in a mood to celebrate, and a part of this celebration was expressed · in an extremely active climbing season both in Alaska and the Yukon, where some of the highest mountains on the continent are located. While much of the officially sponsored mountaineering activity was concentrated in the border mountains between Alaska and the Yukon, there was intense activity all over Alaska as well. More information is now available on the first winter ascent of Mount McKinley mentioned in A.J. 72. 329. The team of eight was inter­ national in scope, a Frenchman, Swiss, German, Japanese, and New Zealander, the rest Americans. The successful group of three reached the summit on February 28 in typical Alaskan weather, -62° F. and winds of 35-40 knots. On their return they were stormbound at Denali Pass camp, I7,3oo ft. for seven days. For the forty days they were on the mountain temperatures averaged -35° to -40° F. (A.A.J. I6. 2I.) One of the most important attacks on McKinley in the summer of I967 was probably the three-pronged assault on the South face by the three parties under the general direction of Boyd Everett (A.A.J. I6. IO). The fourteen men flew in to the South east fork of the Kahiltna glacier on June 22 and split into three groups for the climbs.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding Storm Surge
    The Education Program at the New Jersey Sea Grant Consortium 22 Magruder Road, Fort Hancock, NJ 07732 (732) 872-1300 www.njseagrant.org UNDERSTANDING STORM SURGE OVERVIEW In this climate education module, students will gain an understanding of the term “storm surge” by exploring the meteorological principles that create storms and generate storm surges. Many basics of weather are discussed, including air pressure, air circulation, and the influence of the Coriolis effect on weather. TABLE OF Background……………………………………….......................1-4 CONTENTS Activity #1- Oceans of Pressure …......................................... 5-10 Activity #2- Windy Balloon ……………………….................... 11-13 Activity #3- Density Driven Currents ………………................ 14-18 Activity #4- Coriolis Effect……………………………………. 19-22 Activity #5- Pressure Driven Storms and Surge…………..... 23-25 Activity #6- Surge of the Storm ………................................. 26-34 How Meteorologists’ Measure and Predict Storm Surge…… 35-37 Why should you care about understanding storm surge? ...... 38-39 Storm Surge Watches and Warnings ………………….……. 40-42 NOAA’s Top 10 Tips for Being Ready for a Storm Surge…...... 43 References …............................................................................ 44 OBJECTIVES Following completion of this module, students will be able to: Define storm surge and the factors that influence it Learn how temperature affects air density and the formation of high and low pressure systems in the atmosphere Explore the effect of gravity on air in the atmosphere Discover the role of Earth’s rotation on global and localized wind patterns Examine the effects that air pressure has on storm surge levels Determine how storm surge affects coastal communities Explore the impact of shoreline shape and beach slope on storm surge GRADE LEVEL 5 – 12 The New Jersey Sea Grant Consortium (NJSGC) is an affiliation of colleges, universities and other groups dedicated to advancing knowledge and stewardship of New Jersey’s marine and coastal environment.
    [Show full text]
  • ESSENTIALS of METEOROLOGY (7Th Ed.) GLOSSARY
    ESSENTIALS OF METEOROLOGY (7th ed.) GLOSSARY Chapter 1 Aerosols Tiny suspended solid particles (dust, smoke, etc.) or liquid droplets that enter the atmosphere from either natural or human (anthropogenic) sources, such as the burning of fossil fuels. Sulfur-containing fossil fuels, such as coal, produce sulfate aerosols. Air density The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume occupied by it. Air density is usually expressed as g/cm3 or kg/m3. Also See Density. Air pressure The pressure exerted by the mass of air above a given point, usually expressed in millibars (mb), inches of (atmospheric mercury (Hg) or in hectopascals (hPa). pressure) Atmosphere The envelope of gases that surround a planet and are held to it by the planet's gravitational attraction. The earth's atmosphere is mainly nitrogen and oxygen. Carbon dioxide (CO2) A colorless, odorless gas whose concentration is about 0.039 percent (390 ppm) in a volume of air near sea level. It is a selective absorber of infrared radiation and, consequently, it is important in the earth's atmospheric greenhouse effect. Solid CO2 is called dry ice. Climate The accumulation of daily and seasonal weather events over a long period of time. Front The transition zone between two distinct air masses. Hurricane A tropical cyclone having winds in excess of 64 knots (74 mi/hr). Ionosphere An electrified region of the upper atmosphere where fairly large concentrations of ions and free electrons exist. Lapse rate The rate at which an atmospheric variable (usually temperature) decreases with height. (See Environmental lapse rate.) Mesosphere The atmospheric layer between the stratosphere and the thermosphere.
    [Show full text]
  • Severe Weather
    Juniata County Appendix C Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Hazard Profiles Severe Weather General Severe weather affects the entire Commonwealth and can be expected any time of the year. Severe weather for Juniata County is considered to include: blizzards and/or heavy snowfall, heavy fog, hail, heavy precipitation (rain), high winds, ice storms, unseasonable temperature extremes, hurricanes, and severe thunderstorms. (Tornados will be discussed in a separate profile.) Snowstorms occur approximately five times per year. These storms are more prevalent in the northern and western regions of Pennsylvania and include ice and high wind. They are frequently seen in Juniata County. Hurricanes, tropical storms, and windstorms occur in Juniata County in the spring and summer. Most hurricanes that approach Juniata County are downgraded to tropical storms or tropical depressions by the time they reach central Pennsylvania. Heavy rain and flooding produced by a hurricane, tropical storm, or tropical depression will have the greatest impact on the County. Extreme temperatures can be devastating to any area. Extreme heat can cause sunburn, heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat/sun stroke. Likewise, extreme cold can cause hypothermia and frost bite. History Juniata County, as well as the entire Commonwealth, is vulnerable to a wide range of natural disasters. Typically, these disasters are caused by severe weather. A summary of disaster declarations from severe weather that affected Juniata County can be seen below. Disaster Declarations
    [Show full text]
  • A Statistical Study of Extreme Nor'easter Snowstorms
    inv lve a journal of mathematics A statistical study of extreme nor’easter snowstorms Christopher Karvetski, Robert B. Lund and Francis Parisi mathematical sciences publishers 2009 Vol. 2, No. 3 INVOLVE 2:3(2009) A statistical study of extreme nor’easter snowstorms Christopher Karvetski, Robert B. Lund and Francis Parisi (Communicated by Sat Gupta) This short paper studies the statistical characteristics of extreme snowstorms striking the eastern seaboard of the United States — the so-called nor’easters. Poisson regression techniques and extreme value methods are used to estimate return periods of storms of various snow volumes. Return periods of several memorable events are estimated, including the superstorm of 1993, the North American blizzard of 1996, and the blizzard of 1888. While nor’easters are found to occur more frequently in late winter than early winter, no evidence of increasing/decreasing storm frequencies in time or dependencies on the North Atlantic oscillation is found. 1. Introduction A nor’easter is a large-scale winter storm that impacts the east coast of the United States. A nor’easter can drop copious amounts of snow and may also cause flood and wind damage. Nor’easters occur from late fall through early spring. The super- storm of 1993 (March 12–15), for example, was the largest snowstorm affecting the United States in the last century. This storm deposited over 60 inches of snow in some places, is blamed for 300 fatalities, and caused an estimated six to ten billion dollars of damage. While nor’easters are sometimes referred to as winter hurricanes, literature studying their frequency properties is sparse when compared to that for summer hurricanes.
    [Show full text]
  • Hail Size and Melting Considerations in Thunderstorms
    Hail Size and Melting Considerations in Thunderstorms NWS Louisville, KY Hail Size and Melting Considerations Two primary factors associated with surface hail size: • Hail generation and initial size in storm • How much melting occurs as hail falls to ground Factors Contributing to Hail Generation and Size in Storm • Storm type: supercells produce larger hail than quasi-linear convective systems (QLCSs) and pulse storms; incipient cells (intense updraft) produce larger hail than after cells congeal into a mesoscale convective system (MCS) • Storm tilt: updraft/downdraft separation promotes hail growth • Updraft strength: increases hail generation and residence time in storm • Dry air aloft (~800-500): leads to evaporative cooling which promotes hail growth and size • Steep mid-level lapse rates: suggests presence of mid-level cool/dry air; promotes strong updraft • Echo tops: taller storms can tap colder air aloft (high refl above -20° C levels) and increase hail residence time in cloud • Cell/boundary mergers: promotes stronger updraft and better chance for hail formation • Values of WBZ height: hail is most favorable with height of 7-12 kft; less favorable if < 6 kft (air mass too cool, although small hail/graupel likely from low-top storms) and if >> 12 kft (melting) The size of hail at surface can’t be determined from looking at reflectivity values in a storm alone Factors Contributing to Hail Size at Surface • Large stones: better chance to reach ground than small stones which melt faster on their descent • Stones melt faster in wet environment than in dry (RH has strong effect); dry air in ~800-500 mb layer is very important to produce evaporative cooling and limit hail melting during descent (why stones are smaller or non-existent during MCSs due to saturated environment – and weaker updraft) • Hail falling within rain melts at a much greater rate than hail falling separate from rain (especially for small hail) • Vertical wind shear is critical in surface hail size to separate the updraft and downdraft and limit duration hail falls in heavy rain.
    [Show full text]