Appalachian Regional Commission, Washington, D.C
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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 209 056 BC 013 022 TITLE' Appalachian Regional Comaissioh: 1979 Annual Report.. INSTITUSIONI Appalachian Regional Commission, Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 80 NOTE 172p.; For related documents, see ED 179 333 and BC 013 023. Paper copy not available due to extensive use of photographs anJ colored pages. EDiS PRICE MF01 Plus.Postage. PC Nc't Available from BDES. DESCRIPTORS Child Development;.*Community Development; Cooperative ProgramS;'Coordination; Demography; *Economic Development; Educational Facilities; Ewployment Patternt; Energy; *Financial support: Health. Services; Housing; *Human Services; Natural Resources; Organizations (Groups); *Program Descriptions; Regional Planning; *Rural Development; Transportation IDENTIFIERS *ARpalachia ABSTRACT Narrative text, tables, maps, and photographs present an overview of the Appalachian Regional Commission's (ARC) activities in fiscal. year 1979, past achievements, and future goals. Major accomplishments of 1979 include: utilization Of the $233, million appiopriation for highway constzaction; approval of over $143 million in ARC funds for 985 projects in areas such as health, cuild development, vocational education, community development, energy, environment, natural resources, housing, research, and technical assistance; conducting a regipnwide conference on ABC programs for children and families; planning a regionwide conference on utilization of Appalachian coal resources; completing Congressionally mandated studies on medical indigency and natural hazards; and establishing an advisory committee on cultural resources. Part I describes, program by pr(.gram, the plan that ARC'has followed over its 15-year history in attempting to revitalize the Region's economic . and social development. Chapters summarize projects in the areas of transmirtation, enterprise development, health, education, child development, housing, community development, energy, environment, $matural,resources, and finances. Part II examines fiscal 1979 and ,presents maps, county population change data, prbgram categories, amounts, and sources of funding for each of the 11 Appalachian. states. A directory provides local development district addresses. 421E4 *********************************************************************** * Aqproductions'supplied by EDES are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ********4*******41****************************************************** NOISSIIOrOO TVA101021I N M tiVrILIVIVAINTV*Nomy poi inio3mAttio00 Stitt WitkmrtmM 0861 'IE 40-TvW 11" ,596s lov uo luoprsold a waru otss, annoy amtabs000n NM arra, svuostognal ss0lbuo0'6L6T al XVOA Ara tryaburusst4 troota varm :luosyrsoad 0143 usrgassoddvIslarusussa ag gOE ;0 lel 30V 6o1211P urnsorauor, asap ood oF41 on 1020360d oo 1.00TSOOSar3q0o JOpun lusnsand ln poralso 041 oor402PLUV'uosbou as ATI133300deal sasatorlos ogl ;0'5(00ma13 1:n40e/eddy oga do saurian° oxen lsql Ogy =dalMule uosgaTql sanoA Assnpoodsod It 'lir 'd un many rogoop Inwood 1979AbhiialReport Appalachian Regional Commission /". I 1666 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20235 el Appalachian Regional Commission SepteneF3O, 1979 . ; x . 4;: : L_4__._ . -, ,. .- . I '- - '- . ' . 3 I - c$ ., STATESCOO1AIRMAN c: ::. : CT1NQEERAICHAJRMAN J ' e .' 1 ;-' :: WHhám' All:,ers Hugh L Carey i:: : STA'rES'WASHINGToNRJ'REsErctAmE tonarti E. Scirarti'.( :r I' A - ç _. Govemors and Ste Alternates _j. / I I Alabama New York Tennessee p I GOVERNOR FOBJ S. GOVERNOR HUGH L'CREY GOVERNQRIAMARALEXADER Bobty A. bavfrr BasH A. Paterson Jans Cothn_iH Georgia North Carolina Virginia ; -: GOVERNORG6RGE8USBEE CIOVERNOR JNES'B HUNT, JR OOVERNOR JOHN N DALTON i!iif/M. Huckaby Joseph W. Grims)ey Maurice B. Rowe ------- - Ohio Centucky West Virginia WVRNORJ(JUAN t ARROLL tX)VERNOR JAMES A RHODES 'JGOVERNOR JOHN D ROCKEFELLER N WllmL Shortt Dr. Be,pett J. Cooper DanielS. Gren A Maryland F...nnsylvania GOVEHOR HARRY R HUGHES GOVERNOR DICK ThORNBUR(jli Hans 'F. Mayer Frank rooks Rob!nson MiSSiSsippi Zouth Carolina GOWRNOR CUFFf1NCIf GOVERNOE RICHARD W RILEY EXEC DIRECTOR W1ndIetmIs DonaldHlnsøn Heniy1vor C A A - k - --- 32 . !` ! ....t 1r, e . ..- 7 - "1. .... !'' *: 72 iv The Appalachian,, Region , September 30: 1979 asi t. What Is Appalachia? Appalachia, as defined in the legislation from which the Appalachian' Regional Commission derives its authority, is a 195,000squaremile region that follows the spine of the Appalachian Mountains from southern New York to northern Mississippi. It includes all of West Virginia and parts of twelve other states: Alabama, Georgia. Kentucky. Maryland, Mississippi., New York,NorthCarolina.Ohio, Pennsylvania. South Carolina. Tennessee and Virginia. 10 lju, Preface 19 1964, the Presidents Appalachian Regional Each year since then, ARC has submitted to the revitaliietheRegion's economic andsocial Commission (PARC) submitted to the President a President and the Congress an annual reriort on its developMent; Part H examines fiscal 1979. The report that was, in effect, a blueprint for economic fiscal activities, expenditures and accomplishments. report, as a whole, attempts to describe how the development in a region so riddled with poverty that This year,the Commission's15th,it seems Appalachian Regional Development Program has it had shocked the nation. As a result the Congress appropriate to go beyond a review of fiscal 1979 and evolved over the years; how program priorities have created the Appalachian Regional Commission and examine ARCs achievementsand the Region's changed in response to changing regional and .charged it with responsibility for translating that progressin the light of that original blueprint national conditions; and which challenges are yet to blueprint into a process and a program that would Therefore, this reportis divided into two parts. Part be met if the Commission is to achieve its ultimate bong Appalachia into the mainstream of the I describes, program by program, the plan that ARC goal of a healthy, thriving economy that is capable of nation's economy. has followed over its 15 years in attempting to contributing its fair share to the nation's economy. 6 1"' t :*. z BEST COPYAVIULILL,L, Part 1 Highlights of 15 Years yr 16 A country road in Apdalachian Kentucky. 17 9 2 -BEST ... richly endowed. - History of the Thrust up betweentheheavily populated, industrial East Coast and the thriving Midwest, Region- Appalachia, with abundant resources and a prime geographiclocation,theoretically should have benefited richly by doing business with jts neighbors Appalachia is a region of contradictions. Even on both sides. In reality, however, Appalachia existed the adjectives so often used to describe it are for generations as a region apart, isolated physically paradoxical: richyetpoor; exploited yet, and culturally by its impenetrable mountains. underdeveloped; scarred yet- .beautiful. To understand this paradox it is first necessary to delve How It Came About a bit into Appalachia's history and the nature of its From the time thefirst wave of pioneers people. Only then is it possible to understand the challenged the mountains in the early 17th century socioeconomic evolution that led to it, national until the Industrial Revolution hit America, the emergence as "a pocket of poverty" in the richest Region remained largely unchanged The westward- nation in the world and, ultimately, to an experiment bound who decided to stay in the m untains did so in government called the Appalachian Region& because the rugged hills suited their n for "elbow Development Program. room"; the game and small patches of tillable land provided ample sustenance. Attracted by the self- AppalachiaThe Place sufficiency of mountain life, they settled in tiny The Appalachian Region, as defined by the hollows and long narrow valleys. Here they weren't Appalachian Regional Developmem Act (ARDA) as answerable to any govemment or hemmed in by too amended, includes all of West Virginia and part of many people too close at hand. New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, Ohio, Neither the revolt against England nor the Civil Kentucky; Tennessee, North and South Carolina, War managed to change their lives significantly. Georgia, Alabama arid Mississippi. It incorporates While many fought the war for independence, few 397 counties in the 13 states, covers a total of sought active roles in the new family of states. Later, 195,000 square miles and has a current when the states chose up sides for the Civil War, so population estimated at close to 20 million. did the mountain peoplebut with some Itst. -,ography is one of rolling hills and high unexpected results. plateaus to the north and east; sharply rising Appalachians, like the rest of the people in the mountains and deep, narrow valleys in the central country, were divided in their allegiance, some portion, and more rolling hills dropping off to plains sympathetic to the North, others to the South. to the south. Slavery was not, however, the root cause for the Appalachia is a land rich in natural resources division between the highlands on the one hand and Eight of the 13 states have coal deposits estimated the lowlands to the east and west of the mountain at 113.3 trillion short tons. Natural gas and deposits chain, on t e other. Neither was it the prime cause of many other minerals are among its other natural for such ves as West Virginia's breaking away resources. Much of the Region is heavily forested, from Vir a to seek separate status as a state Appalachian hardwoods are famous throughout