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The Pedagogy and Literature Curriculum of Mother Columba Carroll, a Sister of Charity of Nazareth

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The Pedagogy and Literature Curriculum of Mother Columba Carroll, a Sister of Charity of Nazareth University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 12-2012 "Lessons and exercises in polite literature" : the pedagogy and literature curriculum of Mother Columba Carroll, a Sister of Charity of Nazareth. Anna M. Powell University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Recommended Citation Powell, Anna M., ""Lessons and exercises in polite literature" : the pedagogy and literature curriculum of Mother Columba Carroll, a Sister of Charity of Nazareth." (2012). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1148. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/1148 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “LESSONS AND EXERCISES IN POLITE LITERATURE”: THE PEDAGOGY AND LITERATURE CURRICULUM OF MOTHER COLUMBA CARROLL, A SISTER OF CHARITY OF NAZARETH By Anna M. Powell B.A., Southeast Missouri State University, 2009 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Department of English University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky December 2012 Copyright 2012 by Anna M. Powell All rights reserved “Lessons and Exercises in Polite Literature”: The Pedagogy and Literature Curriculum of Mother Columba Carroll, a Sister of Charity of Nazareth By Anna M. Powell B.A., Southeast Missouri State University, 2009 A Thesis Approved on November 14, 2012 by the following Thesis Committee: Carol Mattingly, Thesis Director Susan Griffin Nancy M. Theriot ii DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my grandparents, Denman and Alice Powell, who inspired me to follow in their legacy of education, and my parents, Mark and Kim Powell, for their unconditional love and support. It is also dedicated to the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth in honor oftheir 200 years of service in empowering women through education, and to Mother Columba Carroll, SCN, whose intelligence and passion for literature and teaching is a source of inspiration. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS No project of this magnitude can be completed without the assistance of many wonderful, dedicated individuals. I want to especially thank my thesis chair, Dr. Carol Mattingly, for the incalculable amount of time she dedicated to my thesis. It is hard to imagine completing this project without her encouragement, mentorship, council, and friendship. I also want to thank my thesis committee members, Dr. Susan M. Griffin and Dr. Nancy M. Theriot, for their time, patience, and guidance through the writing process. My love and gratitude also goes to the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth for their support. Special recognition is deserved by the SCN Archives, which house the wonderful collections that are the basis of my research; the SCN Archives Director, Kathy Hertel­ Baker, for her assistance and allowing me freedom to pursue this project; and Elaine McCarron, SCN and Rachel Willett, SCN, for their support and encouragement. A special acknowledgment must also go to Patricia Kelley, SCN, whose love and presence is missed daily. It has been a true blessing to work with the SCN Community, and grow in my understanding of what it means to be a woman of perseverance, dedication, love, and faith. My deepest appreciation also goes to the many friends and family members who offered a listening ear and words of encouragement. Thanks to my parents, Mark and Kim Powell, and to my siblings, Sarah Wilson and Grace Powell, for their patience and encouragement; to my dear friends Brett Hammond, Jordan Rumsey, Sandra Grunzinger, and Caleb Tankersley for their listening ear; and finally, the teachers and professors whose faith in me gave me the courage to continue my education. iv ABSTRACT "LESSONS AND EXERCISES IN POLITE LITERATURE": THE PEDAGOGY AND LITERATURE CIRRICULUM OF MOTHER COLUMBA CARROLL, A SISTER OF CHARITY OF NAZARETH Anna M. Powell November 14,2012 This study will examine Nazareth Academy, a prestigious private female academy, and Mother Columba Carroll's, SCN pedagogy and literature curriculum. The first half of the study will create a snapshot of the Academy from 1855 to 1870, examining the significance of the school, and providing a general understanding of its students. It will then examine Mother Columba Carroll, her life and the external influences that could have shaped her curriculum. The second half will analyze her literature curriculum, examining the wide range of literary genres included, and especially exploring the influence of fiction within the curriculum. Fiction was long debated among Carroll's contemporaries as being dangerous for the young female mind. Carroll's literature curriculum provides proof of the inclusion of fiction, not only in the school library, but as part of the curriculum. It will also exam the trends within the literature that Carroll chose to include in her curriculum. v TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ................................................................................. iv Introduction .......................................................................................... 1 Chapter One ........................................................................................... 7 Role of Women Religious .................................................................. 7 Context in Female Education ............................................................... 9 The Sisters of Charity of Nazareth Educational Ministry ............................. 13 Mother Columba Carroll .................................................................. 20 Carroll's Pedagogical Philosophy ....................................................... 24 Literature in the Classroom ............................................................... 34 Chapter Two .......................................................................................... 39 Popular Fiction ............................................................................. 42 Popular Literature and Female Writers .................................................. 45 Classics ..................................................................................... 50 Political Writers ........................................................................... 52 Poetry ....................................................................................... 57 Religion ..................................................................................... 61 Absent in the Curriculum ................................................................ 66 Conclusion .......................................................................................... 70 References ............................................................................................ 74 Appendices ........................................................................................... 82 Curriculum Vita ..................................................................................... 88 vi INTRODUCTION In the increasing investigation of the foundation of female education in the United States, a gap has formed between our investigation of the eastern Protestant academies and the southern Catholic academies. Kentucky offers a sound place to begin researching Catholic-influenced female academies. It was a settling ground for a second wave of Catholic settlers from Maryland, and its background in education is extensive, with schools for the education of young men being established as early as the 1770s (Lewis). The question, then, became who was responsible for the education of the girls? Among the first responders to this disjunction in education were the fledgling Catholic women religious communities who were organizing themselves in response to the needs of the time, such as the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth (SCN).. Beginning shortly after their 1812 foundation, the SCNs began establishing a series ofpaylboarding female academies and free schools. A thorough investigation of Catholicism's influence on female education, or even the influence of the SCN s, would require years of research. A case study of the views of one SCN educator, Mother Columba Carroll,l and her writings provide some insight into the world ofthe Catholic academy. The age of this Order, combined with its long involvement in female education and the rapid proliferation of its institutions, makes it an excellent candidate for examination. Additionally, the SCNs' archives provide a wealth of information relating to the operations of their academies. The main focus of this thesis I See Image 3 and 4. 1 will be Nazareth Academy, the SCN flagship academy, which began as a one-room schoolhouse, but within a decade was an imposing boarding school with accommodations for over a hundred students. Nazareth Academy would continue to grow and expand through the 1870s.2 More specifically, this study critically examines the literary education in the institution, focusing on the views and educational method of Mother Columba Carroll, while placing the curriculum within the educational context of the era. The impact of Carroll's curriculum would be far-reaching,
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