Tion Plan for Sustainable Energy Island

ACTION PLAN FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ISLAND LA GOMERA ISLAND (2012-2020) April 2012 ACTION PLAN FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ISLAND La Gomera Island Executive Summary European islands with fragile ecosystems and weak local economies suffer an extra pressure of island ecosystems, transportation systems, energy systems and water needs due to the activities related to tourism. The island authorities have realized the need for joining the common efforts in the global strategy of fighting against climate change and European initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions. Under the European directive to achieve the objective of 20-20-20 in 2020, the "Isle PACT: Pact of Islands project" is an initiative of a consortium of European islands that have committed to reduce CO2 emissions in order to meet EU objectives. The Canary archipelago has a high economic vulnerability due to the almost exclusive dependence on fossil primary energy sources and its high exposure to volatility of oil market. Facing this reality, over the past two decades the Regional Government has developed the regional energy plans in order to define the actions that aim at sustainable development of the sector and ensure future energy supply. Canary Islands have some unique peculiarities, reflected in various documents of agreement, both the state wide and European of Outermost Region. The singularities in the energy sector are also recognized. The remoteness of the continent and the fragmentation of the territory configurate the independent island power systems with small and weak grids that suppose an important technical restriction to maximization of Renewable Energy sources (RES) penetration, by its variable and intermittent nature. In addition, the land is a scarce property in the archipelago so to facilitate the implementation of renewable energy systems there is a need in territorial planning to makes the land use compatible with the development of these energies. The current Action Plan for Sustainable Energy Island for the island of La Gomera is a firm commitment to energy diversification that promotes the use of renewable energy and gives a fresh impulse to the efficient use of energy. The design of this Plan is done considering the protection of the environment as a complementary and necessary element to ensure sustainable development of the island. There are four basic objectives which are set to achieve the following goals: ACTION PLAN FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ISLAND La Gomera Island Objectives Targets Strategic stocks of hydrocarbons to ensure a minimum autonomy of 90 days 1. Ensure the power supply Increased use of autochthonous sources to reduce dependence on foreign energy Promote the rational use of Reduce by at least 25% the ratio between energy and GDP in 2. energy relation to 2005 Use of autochthonous sources to increase up to 20% the To encourage maximum use of 3. participation of renewable energy resources in primary energy renewable energy sources demand Integrate the environmental 4. dimension in all energy Reduce by 22% of CO2 emissions in comparison to 2005 decisions Through this Plan of Action, the Island Local Government of La Gomera is aware of the economic, social and environmental importance of the energy and the need for political commitment of authorities to create conditions that accelerate the insular energy planning in a sense of preserving the fragile island ecosystems, contributing to energy independence, to supply security, to reduce the transfer abroad of income associated with oil import and to help achieve the objectives that EU assists in the adoption of measures to: Achieve and exceed in the Islands the goals set by the EU by 2020 by reducing CO2 emissions in their respective territories by at least 20%, increasing energy efficiency by 20% and generating electricity with at least 20% of renewable energies. Ensure that energy market participants operate with maximum efficiency in generating, transmission and distribution. Promote Islands to become a platform for developing, testing and exports of new technologies and knowledge in the field of RES. Mobilize sustainable energy investments, creating public and private financing mechanisms that provide resources for investors to implement their most promising projects. Initiate a specific framework for promoting renewable energy sources to give them the opportunity to compete in a heavily subsidized market for conventional generating. Promote the development of regulatory/remuneration frameworks specific for energy storage systems that contribute to the stability of electrical networks in high-penetration settings of renewable energies. Support small-scale energy production, which is considered as a vital strategy for renewable energy penetration in island systems. Promote the associate consumption in the sector of water desalination as a way of increasing the RES penetration. ACTION PLAN FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ISLAND La Gomera Island Accelerate the introduction of electric vehicles as a means to promote the development of RES as a primary source in the transport sector. Make profitable the organic fraction of urban solid waste and sewage sludge, to turn existing problems in this area into an energetic opportunity that contributes to sustainable development of the Islands. Promote the restructuring of existing conventional generating plant replacing it by more flexible and efficient groups that meet the priority introduction of renewable energies in the Islands. To raise the level of public awareness about the efforts of the islands in the fight against climate change. Support small and medium enterprises sector of renewable energies as a sector that contribute to the diversification of the economy, and move towards a productive model that generates quality employment and wealth. These are processes of change that require extensive involvement and social requirements in addition to acquiring both the administration and the energy companies, without whose commitment to its success would be indeterminate. The total budget for the implementation of this plan reaches the amount of € 90,172,019, obtained financing for the achievement of the proposed actions both regional and national resources and European programmes. ACTION PLAN FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ISLAND La Gomera Island Index 1. CONTEXT ................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1. GEOGRAPHY AND TERRITORY .............................................................................................................................. 2 1.1.1. LOCATION AND GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................. 2 1.1.2. OROGRAPHY AND SURFACE ......................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1.3. CLIMATE..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.2. DEMOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.3. ECONOMY ........................................................................................................................................................ 11 1.4. POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE ....................................................................................................... 19 1.4.1. INSTITUTIONS WITH RESPONSIBILITY FOR ENERGY ....................................................................................................... 19 1.4.2. LEGAL FRAMEWORK .................................................................................................................................................. 20 2. GLOBAL STRATEGY............................................................................................................................ 32 2.1. CURRENT FRAMEWORK AND FUTURE VISION ......................................................................................................... 32 2.2. OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS ................................................................................................................................ 33 2.3. STRATEGIC GUIDELINES ..................................................................................................................................... 34 3. ENERGY BALANCE AND QUANTIFICATION OF EMISSIONS.......................................................... 36 3.1. BASELINE ......................................................................................................................................................... 36 3.1.1. PRIMARY ENERGY DEMAND ....................................................................................................................................... 36 3.1.2. SECONDARY ENERGY PRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 39 THE CONVERSION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS TO ELECTRICITY REACHES 37% FOR DIESEL OIL. ................................................... 40 3.1.3. FINAL ENERGY DEMAND ............................................................................................................................................. 40 3.1.4. CO2 EMISSIONS .......................................................................................................................................................

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