CONFLICT IN BY

Graseli V. Komenaung, Nihta V.F. Liando, Imelda Lolowang English Education Department Faculty of Language and Arts Universitas Negeri Manado Tondano, Indonesia Email : [email protected]

Abstract : This research is mainly to find out cause of conflict reflected in Brown’s novel entitled The Da Vinci Code through the characters named and Sophie Neveu. In conducting her research, the writers use qualitative research since the data collected are in form of words not number. The objective approach is used in analyzing the data. As the result of this research, it is found that conflict can be revealed in the story The Da Vinci Code. In a conflict resolution involving multiple parties, Langdon and Sophie are filled with fear because several times they are almost killed by gunshots from secret hunters about Sang Real, one of them is Sir Leigh Teabing who is their friend when on the way to solving the conflict betraying them for the sake of a secret. Although they face some obstacle but finally they can solve conflicts that have occurred.

Keywords : Conflict, conspiracy, mystery

1. INTRODUCTION “Conflict is an escalation of a disagreement, which is common Novel is a fiction prose narrative of prerequisite, and is characterized by the considerable length, representing character existence of conflict behaviour, in which the and even as it in real life by a plot of scheme beings are actively trying to damage one of section of greater or less Complexity at another. Conflict can occur between large (Funk and Wagnall, 1996:886). Based individuals, labour strikes, competitive on statement above, novel is a narrative sport, or armed conflict” prose that includes a story of human being. (Nicholson,1992:13). Live is a never easy in as a human being, The writers are interested in analyzing the there are so many challenges and problems topic because the story in this novel is very that come in every moment in people life, it interesting and gripping. Each person must sometimes brings both suffering and have his or her own secret (of course he or depression. So many people’s lives are in his knows what kind a secret is). Only practically sometimes they want to the each trusted people can be told but some group of other down for the sake of themselves. people are willing to lose their life for the sake of the secret. Just as the story in The Da Vinci Code first time was Brown’s novel, who call themselves the published in 2003 by Dan Brown. The Da Priori of Sion, that will die for the sake of the Vinci Code is a novel which tells about an great secreet that causing conflict involving expert symbolically named Rober Langdon an expert symbol Robert Langdon, as also who killed a museum curator named main character in The De Davinci Code, Jacquest Sauniere. When he was in Paris to novel written by Dan Brown. do business Robert Langdon, urgent phone call late at night that language expert Sophie Neveu, granddaughter of Jacques Sauniere. In their adventures through the streets of RIVIEW OF LITERATURE Sophie and Langdon, they should Conflict race against a mysterious enemy who continue to follow their every step.

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Conflict refers to some form of friction, “Literature is a vital record of what man disagreement, discord arising within a group have seen in life. When they experienced in when the beliefs or action of one or more life. What they have though and feel about members of the group are either resisted by those aspect of it which have the most or unacceptable to one or more members of immediate and enduring interest for human another group. Conflict can arise between beings.” members of two or more group, and involve violence, interpersonal discord, and Literature is different from the other psychological tension, known as intergroup informative writing such as geography or conflict. Conflict in-group often follows a history because it has different language in specific course. Routin group interaction is use. Literature usually uses diction or first disrupted by an initial conflict, often imagery, while informative language used caused by differences of opinion, the daily language. That is why literary disagreement between members, or scarcity language usually has implicit meaning and of resources. At this point, the group is no we need to analyse it. In the order hand, longer united, and my split into coalitions. literature refers merely to imaginative This period of conflict escalation in some works; it has identified particularly with cases gives way to a conflict resolution artistic forms or verbal expression. Wellek stage, after which the group can aventually and Waren (1963:22) states that seems beat return to routine group interaction one again if we limit it to the art of literature, that is, to (Nicholson,1992:197). imaginative literature. Literature is a creative written by an author with aesthetic Although the involved parties may hope values, which makes literature regarded as to reach a solution to their dispute quickly, an art. Literature differentiates from the psychological and interpersonal factors can other art products, and its aesthetics or frustrate their attempts to control the artistic values, make it different from other conflict, and this case, conflict escalation writing. occurs. A number of factors including increased commitment to one’s position, use Novel is a fiction misleading for although of harder influence tactics, and formation of fiction including made up imagery elements, coalitions propel the escalation of the it has potential for being true nature of conflict (D. R Forsyth,2010). reality, true to human experience (Griffith, 1986:41). Conflict is common in the way about the possibility of deferent perception and ideas in a society. Griffith (1986:45) in Writing Essay about literature state that: “there are 2. METHODOLOGY two general categories of conflict, external conflict and internal conflict take a between Research design individual or beween individual and force nature.” Qualitative research is a system of inquiry, which seeks to build a holistically, From the definition, it can be concluded largely narrative, description, to inform the that conflicts happen or take place between a researcher’s understanding of a social or person and himself, between people and cultural phenomenon. Qualitative research another group. takes place in natural setting employing a combination of observation of observation, Definition of Literature and novel iterviews, and document review. Mcmilan and Schumacher (1993:794) says that Literature is a one of the media that “Primarily an inductive process of people use to express their though and organizing data into categories and feeling, pour down his or idea in an indentifying patterns (relationship) among expectation that his or her idea may be categories”. This definition implies that data shared to another as what Hudson (1965:10) and meaning emerge “organically” from the asserted: research context.

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Qualitative research of strategy is judge solely by criteria intrinsic to its mode predication on underlying assumption and of being”. perspectives. Wiersma (1995:211-212) summarized these as: So it means that objective approach focuses on the literary work itself without a. Phenomena are viewed in its entirety any influences from external factors of the holistically, is not possible to reduce novel. This statement does not mean that the complex phenomena into a few writer does not need to have other materials, interpendent or independent factors. but it means that the central point of this b. Investigators research in “nature”. research is the novel itself. Researchers do not impose their assumtions, limitations, and 3. ANALYSIS delimitations, or definition, or research designs upon emerging data. Trigger of the Conflict The researcher’s role is to record what he or she observes and/or collects The Da Vinci Code begins with the from subjec’s in their natural murder of a French Museum Curator his environment. named Jacques Sauniere. A scholarly c. “Reality” exists as a subjects see it. Harvard Profesor and a beautiful French The researcher is to record, fully, cryptologist are commissioned to desipher a accurately, and unbiasedly, that message left by curator before his death. The reality as seen through the eyes of message turns out to reveal the most subjects. profound conflict in the history of human d. Pos hoc conclusions emerge from kind a cover up of the true message of Jesus emerge from the data. Priori Christ by a secret arm of the roman Catholic conclusion are avoided. Church named Opus Dei. Before Jacquest Sauniere died the tried to leave a mark so that someone can solve Data Collection mystery, which has been stored, as describes in under quotation: In order to get the best result of the studies analysis, the writers decide about I must so some way, he was trapped how the data collects. The writers divide the inside the Grand Galery, and there existed data into two categories that can be only one person one earth to whom he could explained as the primary data and secondary pass the torch. Sauniere gazed up the walls data. Primary data is work itself and the of his opulent prison. A collection of the secondary data is the other sources that world’s most famous paintings seemed to supported the primary data. smile down on him like old friend. Data Analysis Wincing in pain, he summoned all of this faculties and strength. The desperate task In this research, the writers use objective before him, he knew, would require every approach that focuses on the work itself, as remaining second of his life (Brown, pointed out of Abrams (1979:26): 2003:4). Objective orientation, which on the Quotation above proves that Sauniere has work itself, as pointed out of Abrams left some clues about the secret of the Holy (1979:26) : Grail to someone. “Objective orientation, which on Brown solving his conflict through the principle regards thework of art in isolation expert symbolists named Robert Langdon from all external points of reference, analyse with Sophie Neveu, a police cryptographer. it as self-sufficient entity constituted by its They reveals conflict with keystone and parts in their internal relation, sets out or some famous drawing from Leonardo Da

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Vinci that is Vitruvian Man, The last supper Priory of Sion is a selected group of and Madona of the Rock. people who keeps a secret hunted by Opus Dei. Priory of Sion headed by Jacquest The Da Vinci Code also involves several Sauniere (at that time) after some famous parties in the conflict of Opus Dei, the Priory personalities, among others Da Vinci, of Sion and the expert symbolist named Botticeli, Pousin, Bernini, Mozart, and Robert Langdon. Victor Hugo. It is as describe in under quotation: Secret hunter causes conflict “The Priory of Sion,” he began, “was Opus Dei was conservative Catholic sect founded in Jerusalem in 1099 by a French that seeks to destroy a big secret that is king named Godefroi de Bouilon,… Fearing protected by another group who becomes his secret might be lost when he died, he enemies. Opus Dei headed by a person founded a secret brotherhood―the Priory of calling himself the Teacher/Rector. Teacher Sion―and charged them with protecting his ordered a bishop Manuel Aringarosa to hunt secret by quietly passing it on from down the secret is in store by enemies. But generation to generation (Brown, Aringarosa did not execute that command 2003:132). alone, he ordered two of his subordinates namely Silas, an albino, and Bezu Fache That is why Sauniere left some clues to who were captain of the French police Langdon and Sophie though he was dying homicide Jacquest Sauniere. As describes in because of the secret must be passed on to under quotation: anyone who can be trusted to keep it. As president-general of Opus Dei, Bishop Langdon Involvement in the Conflict Aringarosa had spent the last decade of his life spreading the massage of “God’s When Sauniere died, he left a hidden Work”- literally, Opus Dei. The message in the form of an anagram written congregation, founded in 1928 by the beside his body and pentagram drawn on Spanish priest Josemaria Escriva, promoted him body. This involves Langdon because a return to conservative Catholic values and the message written in Langdon’s full name encouraged its members to make sweeping so as to make the French police think that sacrifices in their own lives in order to do Langdon is he perpetrator of the murder. the Work of God (Brown, 2003:24). This situation can be proved from this quotation: Explanation above is about what Opus Dei and when the establishment of the “The last line of the message ,” Sophie organization. said, “was something Fache did not want you to know about. “She paused. “At least The Teacher never tells the Bishop nit until he was done with you.” Aringarosa about who he was, so that the Bishop only takes orders over the phone the “Sophie produced a computer printout of teacher has ever met. It is describes in under a photo from her sweater pocket and began quotation: unfolding it. “Fache uploaded images of the crime scene to the Cryptology Department Unfortunately, the Teacher’s protocols earlier toninght in hopes we could figure out for caution included a refusal to give what Sauniere’s message was trying to say. Aringarosa any kind of contact number. I This is a photo of the complete alone will initiate contact, the Teacher had message.”She handed the page to Langdon looked at the image. The close-up photo informed him. So keep your phone close revealed the glowing massage on the (Brown, 2003:178). parquet floor. The final line hit Langdon like a kick in the gut” Secret protector causes conflict 13-3-2-21-1-1-8-5

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O, Draconian devilǃ Secret behind the Conflict Oh, lame saintǃ Each of us is faced with problem very day of our live, and with each problem, we make P.S. Find Rober Langdon (Brown,2003: choices in how we react. Puzzle and code that’s the main theme of The Da Vinci Code. 57). They story’s villains are those who seek the secret of the Grail for the power that secret By looking at the quotation above,it is brings. Of course, unlocking a secret is not very clear how Langdon ia involved. the same as knowing the truth. Message bearing the name of Robert The story in this novel reveals about a big Langdon make the police think that the secret that lead to conflicts that make some perpetrator of the killing was Langdon’s people had lost their lives. After his three own. As describe in under quotation: friends, Sauniere is Master of the Priory of Sion most recent Opus Dei killed by I belive Sauniere wrote this note to tell us members is an albino named Silas. It is as who kiklled him.” Langdon started. “But describe in under quotation: that makes no sense whatsoever.” Renowned curator Jacques Sauniere “No?” “No,” he fired back, tired and staggered through the vaulted archway of frustrated. “You told me Sauniere was the museum’s Grand Gallery. He lunged for attacked in his office by someone he had the nearest painting he could see, a apparently invided in. “ “Yes.” “So it seems Caravaggio. Grabbing the gilded frame, the reasonable to conclude that the curator seventy-six-year-old man heaved the knew his attacker.” Fache nodded. “Go on.” masterpiece toward himself until it tore from the wall and Sauniere collapsed backward in “So if Sauniere knew the person who a heap beneath the canvas. killed him, what kind of indictment is this?” He pointed at the floor. “Numeric codes? The curator lay a moment, gasping for Lame saints? Draconian devils? Pentacles breath, taking stock. I am still alive. He on his stomach? It’s all too cryptic.” crawled out from under the canvas and scanned the cavernous space for someplace Fache frowned as if the idea had never to hide. occurred to him. “You have a point.” A voice spoke, chillingly close.”Do not “Considering the circumstances,” move.” Landon said, “I would assume that if Sauniere wanted to tell you who killed him, On hands and kness, the curator froze, he would have written down somebody’s turning his head slowly. name.” Only fifteen feat away, outside the sealed As Langdon spoke those words, a smug gate, the mountainous silhouette of his smile crossed Fache’s lips for the first time attacker stared through the iron bars. He all night. “Precisement,” Fache said. was broad and tall, with ghost-pale skin and “Precisement” (Brown thinning white hair. His irises were pink with dark red pupils. The albino drew a pistol Quotation above proves that according to from his coat and aimed the barrel through Fache, Langdon is the prime suspect of the the bars, directly at the curator (Brown, murder. 2003:3). After they break existing code in The quotation above is evidence of how Museum Louvre, Langdon and Sophie fled Silas killed Sauniere at the time to pursue a to an isolated place to decode the next left by secret that was hidden by hm. Jacques Sauniere along with keystone they found in the Museum.

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Although already of gunshot wounds in The back luminesced instantly. There was his body, Sauniere continued to insist to writing there. In penmanship that was protect the secret. As describe in under hurried but legible. quotation: “well,” Langdon said, smiling. “I guess “You should not have run.” His accent we know what the acohol smell was.” was not easy to place. “Now tell me where it is.” Sophie stared in amazement at the purple writing on the back of the key. 24 Rue Haxo “I told you already,” the curator stammered, kneeling defenceless on the floor An addresǃ My grandfather wrote down of the gallery. “I have no idea what you are an addresǃ (Brown, 2003:129). talking aboutǃ” Then they managed to take deposits, and “You are lying.” The man stared at him, it turns out these deposits form rosewood perfectly immobile except for the glint in his box which is a five-petal rose, symbol Priory ghostly eyes. “You and your brethren posses of Sion that has meaning for Langdon’s something that is not yours”(Brown, interesting to know the secret of what is in 2003:3). the rosewood box. When Silas wanted to shoot dead Langdon had harboured several fantasies Sauniere, he raised his hand and told about about what they might find inside this box, the secret but it is part of the protocol, and but clearly he had been wrong and every what was said by Sauniere and his three account. Nestled snugly inside the box’s friends are nothing but lies to cover up the heavily padded interior of crimson silk lay truth. It can be seen in this quotation below: an object Langdon could not even begin to comprehend (Brown, 2003:166). Sauniere held up his hands in defense. “What,” he said slowly. “I will tell you what Because he is not an expert, Langdon you need to know.”The curator spoke his does not know exactly what the function of next words carefully. The lie he told was one the object. So, Sophie began to explain that he had rehearsed many times… each time it is a tool that serves to send secret praying he would never have to use it. messages to be save for long-distance, entrusted to certain man to deliver it. When curator had finished speaking, his Cryptex player has five letters and included assailant smiled smogly. small roll of paper containing a secret message or instruction. Because Da Vinci is “Yes. This is exactly what the others told too smart for that. He designed the Cryptex me” (Brown, 2003:3). so that if you try to force it open in any way, the information self-destructs. It is described The quotation above makes it clear that in under quotation: Sauniere informed Silas of the secrets was pursuing but by following the rules he had Sophie reached into the box and carefully agreed with his other friends who had been lifted out the cylinder. “Any information to killed by Silas. be inserted is first written on papyrus scroll.” When Langdon and Sophie break existing code in the Museum, they find a “Not vellum?” keystone that brought them their need to visit a storage place in Paris, the Depository Bank Sophie shook her head. “Papyrus. I know of Zurich. Is describe in under quotation: sheep’s vellum was more durable and more common in those days, but it had to be Sophie reached in her pocket and papyrus. The thinner the better.” produced the UV penlight. Langdon took it and switched it on, shining the beam on the “Okay.” beckof the key.

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“Before the papyrus was inserted into the The quotation above proves how Leight’s cryptex’s compartment, it was rolled around involvement from another standpoint in the a delicate glass vial.” She tipped the criptex, conflict exists. and the liquid inside gurgled.”A vial of liquid.” After that, they came to the Teabing’s house, they were welcomed and then they “Liquid what?” told about the purpose of their visit to his home and more fortunate turns Teabing want Sophie smiled. “Vinegar” to help them. One of their goals came to the home of Leigh was asked for clarification Langdon hesitated a moment and then regarding the Holy Grail because it has began nodding. “Brilliant.” another meaning not just the cup. It can be seen in this quotation: Vinegar and papyrus, Sophie thought. If someone attempted to force open the criptex, “Does this fresco tell us what the Grail the glass vial would break, and the vinegar really is?” would quickly dissolve the papyrus. By the time anyone extracted the secret message, it “Not what it is,” Teabing whispered. would be a glob of meaningless pulp “But rather who it is. The Holy Grail is not (Brown, 2003:169). a thing. It is, in fact… a person”… Hearing that, Langdon begins to Langdon nodded. “A woman, in fact, confusion and draws up a conclusion, from legend tells us the Holy Grail is a chalice―a the death of Sauniere, keystone and cup. But the Grail’s description as a chalice rosewood are pieces of coded map to reveal is actually an allegory to protect the true great secret of the hiding place Holy Grail. nature of the Holy Grail. That is to say, the This secret of Holy Grail that is hunted by legend uses the chalice as a metaphor for members of the Opus Dei resulting in some something far more important” (Brown, members of the Priory of Sion should lose 2003:201) their life. The quotation above proves that the Holy With their efforts trying to open the Grail is not a cup with a broad sense but in Cryptex but still it does not work, so they another sense known only to the Priory of really do not know how. Fortunately, Sion and Opus Dei. Langdon knows of a friend who has fairly high interest of the Holy Grail and the The Holy Grail is a woman prostitute thought, they need help. It is as describes in who repented at the time Jesus Christ, under quotation: namely Mary Magdalene. The secret about the location of the tom and her descendants “No, I have a plan. There’s a religious who are hunted by Opus Dei, giving rise to a historian I know who live near Versailles. I conflict can’t remember exactly where, but we can look it up. l’ve been to his estate a few times. It is between Opus Dei himself with the His name is Leigh Teabing. He’s a former Priory of Sion, the secreet keeper. And then, British Royal Historian…. Teabing’s life the three of them leave the country with passion is the Grail. When whisperings of Teabing’s plane, where they concluded that the Priory keystone surfaced about fifteen the right combination of the letters is years ago, he moved to France to search “SOFIA”, Neveu given name. After opening churches in hopes of finding it. He’s written Cryptex, they found a smaller Cyptex in it, some books on the keystone and the Grail. together with another puzzle that will He may be able to help us figure out how to eventually lead this group to the tomb of open it and what to do with it” (Brown, Isaac Newton in Westminter Abbey. 2003:182). When they were in Westminter Abbey, revealing the identity of the actual Leight that he is the Teacher, the mastermimd of all

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conflicts between Opus Dey and the Priory In the end, Leigh was caught by police, of Sion. It can be seen in this quotation: Silas was shoot dead by police, Aringarosa was hospitalized for being shoot by Silas and Langdon couldn’s sake the image of the secrets of Mary Magdalene were safely Leigh Teabing being held captive, probably preserved by the Priory of Sion. tied up in the back of his own limousine. The Da Vinci Code talks about conflict Whoever had ordered the top Priory conducted a person, who wants to divide a members killed would not hesitate to union the existing, strong desire to get eliminate others who stood in the way. It something, sometimes can lead to evil seemed a cruel irony that Teabing―a thoughts so that what is want must be modern British knight―was a hostage in the obtained with any way, although having to serch for his own countryman, Sir Isaac sacrifice someone. Newton (Brown, 2003:333).

The quotation above proves that Leight is REFERENCES obsessed with the Holy Grail and the mastermind of the conflict. Abrams, M.H. 1979. The Mirror and The Lamp : Romantic Theory and The Critical Tradition. USA: Oxford University, press. 4. CONCLUCION Brown, D. 2003. The Da Vinci Code. Double Day Fiction. UnitedState. After conducting the analysis, Clara Mamentu. 2018 Clashing concept ultimately it comes to the final step of the of Freedom in Kathry research conclusion. Based on the analysis, Stockett’s The Help. Manado the writers conclude that Brown’s The Da State University. Vinci Code portrays about a Conflict Dengah, Oktavianus. Maru. Mister G. involving a group of people who call Lolowang, Imelda 2019. Opposing themselves, Opus Dei and the Priory of Sion. Views In Webber’s Jesus Christ The cold war between the two organizations Superstar: A Deconstruction Analysis. creats a conflict involving a symbolist, Journal of English language and Robert Langdon. Literature Teaching (JELLT) Vol 04, Each person must have he or her own No 02. secret that will be desperately guarded so Delli Sabudu. (2014) Journal the Formula Of Romance ( A study on that no one else knows. In the story of this Eric Wilson’s Fire Proof ) novel, the protector here is not just one Foster, E.M. 1927. Aspect of the Novel. person, but a group of people organization. New York Harcout, Brace & World, The great secret kept neatly by the Priory of inc. Sion began to be unsafe when an Opus Dei Forsyth, D. R. 2010. Group Dinamicfs member named Silas Kill the great Priory of th Sion, Jacques Sauniere. Since then, the hunt (5 Edition). Belmont, CA: continued and caused some other victims. Wadsworth. The secret of location of Mary Funk and Wagnal. 1967. Standard Magdalene’s tomb and the fact that she is Dictionary. married to Jesus Christ and has offspring is Griffith J. 1986, Writing Essay about a major problem that creates conflict, Literature. New York : Harcout Brace thereby making Robert and Sophie involve Javanovich. Inc. Teabing to help them decipher the code to Hudson, W. H 1965. An Introduction To unlock a Cryptex they look at the ancient Study Literature. London. George depository, Bank of Zurich. However, G. Harrap and Co. Ltd. Teabing’s involvement did not work either Imelda Lolowang. Life Strunggle As to make complicated that problem and it Strunggle As Reflected Ralsto’s turned out that Teabing was the mastermind Between A Rock And A Hard of all the problems or conflicts that were Place. going on. Kirszner, Laura G. 1994. Mandel, Stephen R.Fiction: Reading, Reacting Writing. Paulinas

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