A Genetic Animal Model of Alcoholism for Screening Medications to Treat Addiction
HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author Int Rev Manuscript Author Neurobiol. Author Manuscript Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 April 29. Published in final edited form as: Int Rev Neurobiol. 2016 ; 126: 179–261. doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2016.02.017. A Genetic Animal Model of Alcoholism for Screening Medications to Treat Addiction Richard L. Bell, Ph.D.a,*, Sheketha Hauser, Ph.D.a, Zachary A. Rodd, Ph.D.a, Tiebing Liang, Ph.D.b, Youssef Sari, Ph.D.c, Jeanette McClintick, Ph.D.d, Shafiqur Rahman, Ph.D.e, and Eric A. Engleman, Ph.D.a aDepartment of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA bDepartment of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA cDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, 43614, USA dDepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Medical Genomics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA eDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA Abstract The purpose of this review is to present up-to-date pharmacological, genetic and behavioral findings from the alcohol-preferring P rat and summarize similar past work. Behaviorally, the focus will be on how the P rat meets criteria put forth for a valid animal model of alcoholism with a highlight on its use as an animal model of polysubstance abuse, including alcohol, nicotine and psychostimulants. Pharmacologically and genetically, the focus will be on the neurotransmitter and neuropeptide systems that have received the most attention: cholinergic, dopaminergic, GABAergic, glutamatergic, serotonergic, noradrenergic, corticotrophin releasing hormone, opioid, and neuropeptide Y.
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