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การประยุกต์หลกั การรับรู้จากระยะไกลและระบบสารสนเทศภูมิศาสตร์ ในการจัดการที่ดินและน ้าส าหรับการผลิตพืชไร่เศรษฐกิจ: กรณีศึกษาจังหวัดนครราชสีมา ประเทศไทย นายพิชัย วงศ์สวาสดิ์ วทิ ยานิพนธ์นีเ้ ป็ นส่วนหนึ่งของการศึกษาตามหลกั สูตรปริญญาวิทยาศาสตรดุษฎบี ัณฑิต สาขาวิชาภูมิสารสนเทศ มหาวทิ ยาลัยเทคโนโลยสี ุรนารี ปีการศึกษา 2557 APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM TO LAND AND WATER MANAGEMENT FOR ECONOMIC CROPS PRODUCTION: CASE STUDY IN NAKHON RATCHASIMA PROVINCE, THAILAND Pichai Wongsawat A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Geoinformatics Suranaree University of Technology Academic Year 2014 APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM TO LAIID AIYD WATER MANAGEMENT FOR ECONOMIC CROPS PRODUCTION: CASE STUDY IN NAKIION RATCIIASTMA PROVINCE, THAILAIYD Suranaree University of Technology has approved this thesis submiued partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of philosophy. (Asst. Prof. Dr. Sunya Sarapirome) Chairperson S.ba.twnmda (Asst. Prof, Dr. Songkot Dasananda) Member (Thesis Advisor) (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Charlie Member (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suwit w4- @rof. 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THESIS ADVISOR : ASST. PROF. SONGKOT DASANONDA, Ph.D. 178 PP. REMOTE SENSING/ GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM/ WATER MANAGEMENT/ CROP S PRODUCTION In this thesis, geoinformatics technology was applied to facilitate the soil suitability analysis and the determination of optimum farm pond capacity and its effects on predicted crop yield over aL area of interest. The study area was Nakhon Ratchasima Province and the three economic crops under consideration were cassava, sugarcane, and maize. Five main topics were investigated: (1) formulation of the Landsat-based land use/land cover (LULC) map, (2) land suitability evaluation, (3) effective water management for crops in the representative farmland, (4) effective crop calendar analysis, (5) effects of supplementary irrigation on crop yield and water use efficiency (WUE). In the first task, it was found that, in 2006, the listed crops had occupied about 27 .11% of the entire provincial area including cassava (11 .42%), sugarcane (4.147%), and maize (5.93%), respectively. In the second task, land quality was found moderately suitable for the planting of all studied crops, where temperature and effective soil depth are the most supporlive factors while low rainfall was found most problematic to the sugarcane but this was moderately fine for cassava and very IV sufficient for maize. fertility was found notably sugarcane Soil inferior, especially for and maize. In the third objective, the representative fertile farmland with a total area of 176,756.0 m2 (or 110.5 rai) was located and farm pond with size of l37xl37x3 m3 were assumed to be developed therein to supply irrigation water to all the crops found over the area. The optimum pond capacity was determined based on prior knowledge of full demand for the 3 crops and amount of rainfall in 2001 (the driest year during 1977-2006) over the chosen area. The pond efficiency derived from the simulation study suggested that pond should fail on its task at rate of 54Yo and 60/o (in long time operation) when supplying irrigation water at 100o/o and 75%o of net inigation water requirement respectively but this failure shall not happen if only half of full crop demand was fulfilled. In the fourth task, new crop calendar for each crop was devised by shifting months with its highest need for water to coincide with month of peak rainfall of the area (September). This practice resulted in the reduction of demand for inigation water of sugarcane and maize by 4.32% and l0.90o/o respectively (no change was needed for cassava). In the fifth task, effects of irrigation water on predicted crop yield and WUE were strongly evidenced in the positive manner but the effect was less pronounced as amount of the supply water approaching the full demand of each crop. In conclusion, compared to the rainfed situation, the providing of full 100% of crop water demand, the yield was risen by 132.8% (cassava), 50.72% (sugarcane) and 119.17% ( maize) while the increases in terms of the WUE are lI7 .6I% (cassava), 37 .9I% (sugarcane), and 93 51% (maize), respectively. School of Remote Sensing Student's Signature Academic Year 2014 Advisor's Signature 3 "D *ra, o.n",dA, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Upon the achievement of this thesis, I wish to express my sincere gratitude to my advisor, Asst. Prof. Dr. Songkot Dasananda for his guidance, encouragement and valuable suggestions throughout this study.