DOCSLIB.ORG

Microbial Function and Genital Inflammation in Young South African Women at High Risk of HIV

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Microbial Function and Genital Inflammation in Young South African Women at High Risk of HIV bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.10.986646; this version posted September 27, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Microbial function and genital inflammation in young South African women at high risk of HIV 2 infection 3 4 Arghavan Alisoltani1,2, Monalisa T. Manhanzva1, Matthys Potgieter3,4, Christina Balle5, Liam Bell6, 5 Elizabeth Ross6, Arash Iranzadeh3, Michelle du Plessis6, Nina Radzey1, Zac McDonald6, Bridget 6 Calder4, Imane Allali3,7, Nicola Mulder3,8,9, Smritee Dabee1,10, Shaun Barnabas1, Hoyam Gamieldien1, 7 Adam Godzik2, Jonathan M. Blackburn4,8, David L. Tabb8,11,12, Linda-Gail Bekker8,13, Heather B. 8 Jaspan5,8,10, Jo-Ann S. Passmore1,8,14,15, Lindi Masson1,8,14,16, 17* 9 10 1Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South 11 Africa; 2Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA 12 92521, USA; 3Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape 13 Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; 4Division of Chemical and Systems Biology, Department of Integrative 14 Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa. 5Division of Immunology, 15 Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; 6Centre for Proteomic and 16 Genomic Research, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; 7Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of 17 Biology and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco; 8Institute of 18 Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; 19 9Centre for Infectious Diseases Research (CIDRI) in Africa Wellcome Trust Centre, University of Cape Town, 20 Cape Town 7925, South Africa; 10Seattle Children’s Research Institute, University of Washington, WA 98101, 21 USA; 11Bioinformatics Unit, South African Tuberculosis Bioinformatics Initiative, Stellenbosch University, 22 Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; 12DST–NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, 23 Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; 13Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Cape Town 7925, 24 University of Cape Town, South Africa; 14Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban 25 4013, South Africa; 15National Health Laboratory Service, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; 16Disease Elimination 26 Program, Life Sciences Discipline, Burnet Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia; 17Central Clinical School, Monash 27 University, Melbourne 3004, Australia 28 29 *Corresponding author: Dr Lindi Masson; 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004; GPO Box 30 2284, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3001; Email: [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.10.986646; this version posted September 27, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Abstract 2 Background: Female genital tract (FGT) inflammation is an important risk factor for HIV acquisition. 3 The FGT microbiome is closely associated with inflammatory profile, however, the relative importance 4 of microbial activities has not been established. Since proteins are key elements representing actual 5 microbial functions, this study utilized metaproteomics to evaluate the relationship between FGT 6 microbial function and inflammation in 113 young and adolescent South African women at high risk of 7 HIV infection. Women were grouped as having low, medium or high FGT inflammation by K-means 8 clustering according to pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations. 9 Results: A total of 3,186 microbial and human proteins were identified in lateral vaginal wall swabs 10 using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, while 94 microbial taxa were included in the 11 taxonomic analysis. Both metaproteomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analyses showed 12 increased non-optimal bacteria and decreased lactobacilli in women with FGT inflammatory profiles. 13 However, differences in the predicted relative abundance of most bacteria were observed between 14 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metaproteomics analyses. Bacterial protein functional annotations 15 (gene ontology) predicted inflammatory cytokine profiles more accurately than bacterial relative 16 abundance determined by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, as well as functional predictions based 17 on 16S rRNA gene sequence data (p<0.0001). The majority of microbial biological processes were 18 underrepresented in women with high inflammation compared to those with low inflammation, 19 including a Lactobacillus-associated signature of reduced cell wall organization and peptidoglycan 20 biosynthesis. This signature remained associated with high FGT inflammation in a subset of 74 21 women nine weeks later, was upheld after adjusting for Lactobacillus relative abundance, and was 22 associated with in vitro inflammatory cytokine responses to Lactobacillus isolates from the same 23 women. Reduced cell wall organization and peptidoglycan biosynthesis were also associated with 24 high FGT inflammation in an independent sample of ten women. 25 Conclusions: Both the presence of specific microbial taxa in the FGT and their properties and 26 activities are critical determinants of FGT inflammation. Our findings support those of previous studies 27 suggesting that peptidoglycan is directly immunosuppressive, and identify a possible avenue for 28 biotherapeutic development to reduce inflammation in the FGT. To facilitate further investigations of 29 microbial activities, we have developed the FGT-METAP application that is available at 30 (http://immunodb.org/FGTMetap/). 2 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.10.986646; this version posted September 27, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Keywords 2 Metaproteomics; microbiome; microbial function; female genital tract; inflammation; cytokine 3 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.10.986646; this version posted September 27, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Background 2 Despite the large reduction in AIDS-related deaths as a result of the expansion of HIV antiretroviral 3 programs, global HIV incidence has declined by only 16% since 2010 [1]. Of particular concern are 4 the extremely high rates of HIV infection in young South African women [1]. The behavioral and 5 biological factors underlying this increased risk are not fully understood, however, a key predisposing 6 factor that has been identified in this population is genital inflammation [2–4]. We have previously 7 shown that women with elevated concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in 8 their genital tracts were at higher risk of becoming infected with HIV [2]. Furthermore, the protection 9 offered by a topical antiretroviral tenofovir microbicide was compromised in women with evidence of 10 genital inflammation [3]. 11 12 The mechanisms by which female genital tract (FGT) inflammation increases HIV risk are likely 13 multifactorial, and increased genital inflammatory cytokine concentrations may facilitate the 14 establishment of a productive HIV infection by recruiting and activating HIV target cells, directly 15 promoting HIV transcription and reducing epithelial barrier integrity [5–7]. Utilizing proteomics, Arnold, 16 et al. showed that proteins associated with tissue remodeling processes were up-regulated in the 17 FGT, while protein biomarkers of mucosal barrier integrity were down-regulated in individuals with an 18 inflammatory profile [7]. This suggests that inflammation increases tissue remodeling at the expense 19 of mucosal barrier integrity, which may in turn increase HIV acquisition risk [7]. Furthermore, 20 neutrophil-associated proteins, especially certain proteases, were positively associated with 21 inflammation and may be involved in disrupting the mucosal barrier [7]. This theory was further 22 validated by the finding that antiproteases associated with HIV resistance were increased in a cohort 23 of sex workers from Kenya [8]. 24 25 Bacterial vaginosis (BV), non-optimal cervicovaginal bacteria, and sexually transmitted infections 26 (STIs), which are highly prevalent in South African women, are likely important drivers of genital 27 inflammation in this population [9,10]. BV and non-optimal bacteria have been consistently associated 28 with a marked increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations [9–12]. Conversely, women who 29 have “optimal” vaginal microbiota, primarily consisting of Lactobacillus spp., have low levels of genital 30 inflammation and a reduced risk of acquiring HIV [13]. Lactobacilli and the lactic acid that they 4 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.10.986646; this version posted September 27, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 produce may actively suppress inflammatory responses and thus may play a significant role in 2 modulating
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lactobacillus Crispatus
    WHAT 2nd Microbiome workshop WHEN 17 & 18 November 2016 WHERE Masur Auditorium at NIH Campus, Bethesda MD Modulating the Vaginal Microbiome to Prevent HIV Infection Laurel Lagenaur For more information: www.virology-education.com Conflict of Interest I work for Osel Inc., a microbiome company developing live biotherapeutic products to prevent diseases in women The Vaginal Microbiome and HIV Infection What’s normal /healthy/ optimal and what’s not? • Ravel Community Groups • Lactobacillus dominant vs. dysbiosis Why are Lactobacilli important for HIV prevention? • Dysbiosis = Inflammation = Increased risk of HIV acquisition • Efficacy of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis decreased Modulation of the vaginal microbiome • LACTIN-V, live biotherapeutic-Lactobacillus crispatus • Ongoing clinical trials How we can use Lactobacilli and go a step further • Genetically modified Lactobacillus to prevent HIV acquisition HIV is Transmitted Across Mucosal Surfaces • HIV infection in women occurs in the mucosa of the vagina and cervix vagina cervix • Infection of underlying target cells All mucosal surfaces are continuously exposed to a Herrera and Shattock, community of microorganisms Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2013 Vaginal Microbiome: Ravel Community Groups Vaginal microbiomes clustered into 5 groups: Group V L. jensenii Group II L. gasseri 4 were dominated by Group I L. crispatus Lactobacillus, Group III L. iners whereas the 5th had lower proportions of lactic acid bacteria and Group 4 Diversity higher proportions of Prevotella, strictly anaerobic Sneathia,
    [Show full text]
  • A Taxonomic Note on the Genus Lactobacillus
    Taxonomic Description template 1 A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: 2 Description of 23 novel genera, emended description 3 of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union 4 of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae 5 Jinshui Zheng1, $, Stijn Wittouck2, $, Elisa Salvetti3, $, Charles M.A.P. Franz4, Hugh M.B. Harris5, Paola 6 Mattarelli6, Paul W. O’Toole5, Bruno Pot7, Peter Vandamme8, Jens Walter9, 10, Koichi Watanabe11, 12, 7 Sander Wuyts2, Giovanna E. Felis3, #*, Michael G. Gänzle9, 13#*, Sarah Lebeer2 # 8 '© [Jinshui Zheng, Stijn Wittouck, Elisa Salvetti, Charles M.A.P. Franz, Hugh M.B. Harris, Paola 9 Mattarelli, Paul W. O’Toole, Bruno Pot, Peter Vandamme, Jens Walter, Koichi Watanabe, Sander 10 Wuyts, Giovanna E. Felis, Michael G. Gänzle, Sarah Lebeer]. 11 The definitive peer reviewed, edited version of this article is published in International Journal of 12 Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004107 13 1Huazhong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Key 14 Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China. 15 2Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience 16 Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium 17 3 Dept. of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy 18 4 Max Rubner‐Institut, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kiel, Germany 19 5 School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland 20 6 University of Bologna, Dept. of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Bologna, Italy 21 7 Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Vrije Universiteit 22 Brussel, Brussels, Belgium 23 8 Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, 24 Belgium 25 9 Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada 26 10 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada 27 11 National Taiwan University, Dept.
    [Show full text]
  • Vaginal Probiotic Lactobacillus Crispatus Seems to Inhibit Sperm Activity and Subsequently Reduces Pregnancies in Rat
    fcell-09-705690 August 11, 2021 Time: 11:32 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 13 August 2021 doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.705690 Vaginal Probiotic Lactobacillus crispatus Seems to Inhibit Sperm Activity and Subsequently Reduces Pregnancies in Rat Ping Li1, Kehong Wei1, Xia He2, Lu Zhang1, Zhaoxia Liu3, Jing Wei1, Xiaomei Chen1, Hong Wei4* and Tingtao Chen1* 1 School of Life Sciences, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ninth Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, China, 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, 4 Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Background: The vaginal microbiota is associated with the health of the female reproductive system and the offspring. Lactobacillus crispatus belongs to one of the most important vaginal probiotics, while its role in the agglutination and immobilization Edited by: of human sperm, fertility, and offspring health is unclear. Bechan Sharma, University of Allahabad, India Methods: Adherence assays, sperm motility assays, and Ca2C-detecting assays were Reviewed by: used to analyze the adherence properties and sperm motility of L. crispatus Lcr-MH175, António Machado, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, attenuated Salmonella typhimurium VNP20009, engineered S. typhimurium VNP20009 Ecuador DNase I, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in vitro. The rat reproductive model was further Margarita Aguilera, University of Granada, Spain developed to study the role of L. crispatus on reproduction and offspring health, using *Correspondence: high-throughput sequencing, real-time PCR, and molecular biology techniques. Tingtao Chen Our results indicated that L.
    [Show full text]
  • Lactobacillus Crispatus Protects Against Bacterial Vaginosis
    Lactobacillus crispatus protects against bacterial vaginosis M.O. Almeida1, F.L.R. do Carmo1, A. Gala-García1, R. Kato1, A.C. Gomide1, R.M.N. Drummond2, M.M. Drumond3, P.M. Agresti1, D. Barh4, B. Brening5, P. Ghosh6, A. Silva7, V. Azevedo1 and 1,7 M.V.C. Viana 1 Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil 2 Departamento de Microbiologia, Ecologia e Evolução, , Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil 3 Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnologica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil 4 Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India 5 Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany 6 Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA 7 Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil Corresponding author: V. Azevedo E-mail: [email protected] Genet. Mol. Res. 18 (4): gmr18475 Received August 16, 2019 Accepted October 23, 2019 Published November 30, 2019 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/gmr18475 ABSTRACT. In medicine, the 20th century was marked by one of the most important revolutions in infectious-disease management, the discovery and increasing use of antibiotics. However, their indiscriminate use has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Drug resistance and other factors, such as the production of bacterial biofilms, have resulted in high recurrence rates of bacterial diseases. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) syndrome is the most prevalent vaginal condition in women of reproductive age, Genetics and Molecular Research 18 (4): gmr18475 ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br M.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of Oral Administration of Four Lactobacillus Strains on Nugent Score – Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Wageningen Academic Beneficial Microbes, 2019; 10(5): 483-496 Publishers Impact of oral administration of four Lactobacillus strains on Nugent score – systematic review and meta-analysis M. de Vrese1#, C. Laue2, E. Papazova2, L. Petricevic3 and J. Schrezenmeir2,4* 1Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Hermann-Weigmann-Straβe 1, 24117 Kiel, Germany; 2Clinical Research Center, Schauenburgerstraβe 116, 24118 Kiel, Germany; 3Department of Obstetrics and Fetomaternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; 4University Medicine, Langenbeckstraβe 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; [email protected]; #retired Received: 28 September 2018 / Accepted: 9 February 2019 © 2019 Wageningen Academic Publishers RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Abstract We aimed at assessing the evidence for an effect on vaginal dysbiosis by oral administration of a mixture of Lactobacillus strains isolated from vaginal microbiota. For this purpose, we systematically reviewed the literature for randomised clinical trials (RCTs) in which the effect of oral administration of a mixture of four Lactobacillus strains (Lactobacillus crispatus LbV 88 (DSM 22566), Lactobacillus gasseri LbV 150N (DSM 22583), Lactobacillus jensenii LbV 116 (DSM 22567) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus LbV96 (DSM 22560)) on vaginal dysbiosis was examined based on Nugent score. Four RCTs were identified: a double-blind (DB)-RCT in 60 male-to-female transsexual women with neovagina; an open label RCT in 60 pregnant women with herpes virus infection; a DB-RCT in 36 women with bacterial vaginosis; a DB-RCT in 22 postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Only in the three DB-RCTs Nugent score was assessed.
    [Show full text]
  • A Taxonomic Note on the Genus Lactobacillus
    TAXONOMIC DESCRIPTION Zheng et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004107 A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae Jinshui Zheng1†, Stijn Wittouck2†, Elisa Salvetti3†, Charles M.A.P. Franz4, Hugh M.B. Harris5, Paola Mattarelli6, Paul W. O’Toole5, Bruno Pot7, Peter Vandamme8, Jens Walter9,10, Koichi Watanabe11,12, Sander Wuyts2, Giovanna E. Felis3,*,†, Michael G. Gänzle9,13,*,† and Sarah Lebeer2† Abstract The genus Lactobacillus comprises 261 species (at March 2020) that are extremely diverse at phenotypic, ecological and gen- otypic levels. This study evaluated the taxonomy of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae on the basis of whole genome sequences. Parameters that were evaluated included core genome phylogeny, (conserved) pairwise average amino acid identity, clade- specific signature genes, physiological criteria and the ecology of the organisms. Based on this polyphasic approach, we propose reclassification of the genus Lactobacillus into 25 genera including the emended genus Lactobacillus, which includes host- adapted organisms that have been referred to as the Lactobacillus delbrueckii group, Paralactobacillus and 23 novel genera for which the names Holzapfelia, Amylolactobacillus, Bombilactobacillus, Companilactobacillus, Lapidilactobacillus, Agrilactobacil- lus, Schleiferilactobacillus, Loigolactobacilus, Lacticaseibacillus, Latilactobacillus, Dellaglioa,
    [Show full text]
  • Lactobacillus Species Isolated from Vaginal Secretions of Healthy and Bacterial Vaginosis-Intermediate Mexican Women
    Martínez-Peña et al. BMC Infectious Diseases 2013, 13:189 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/13/189 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Lactobacillus species isolated from vaginal secretions of healthy and bacterial vaginosis-intermediate Mexican women: a prospective study Marcos Daniel Martínez-Peña1,2, Graciela Castro-Escarpulli1 and Ma Guadalupe Aguilera-Arreola1* Abstract Background: Lactobacillus jensenii, L. iners, L. crispatus and L. gasseri are the most frequently occurring lactobacilli in the vagina. However, the native species vary widely according to the studied population. The present study was performed to genetically determine the identity of Lactobacillus strains present in the vaginal discharge of healthy and bacterial vaginosis (BV) intermediate Mexican women. Methods: In a prospective study, 31 strains preliminarily identified as Lactobacillus species were isolated from 21 samples collected from 105 non-pregnant Mexican women. The samples were classified into groups according to the Nugent score criteria proposed for detection of BV: normal (N), intermediate (I) and bacterial vaginosis (BV). We examined the isolates using culture-based methods as well as molecular analysis of the V1–V3 regions of the 16S rRNA gene. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) sequence analysis was performed to reject clones. Results: Clinical isolates (25/31) were classified into four groups based on sequencing and analysis of the 16S rRNA gene: L. acidophilus (14/25), L. reuteri (6/25), L. casei (4/25) and L. buchneri (1/25). The remaining six isolates were presumptively identified as Enterococcus species. Within the L. acidophilus group, L. gasseri was the most frequently isolated species, followed by L. jensenii and L.
    [Show full text]
  • Lactobacillus Crispatus Or Lactobacillus Jensenii After Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis: a Cohort Study
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 2012, Article ID 706540, 6 pages doi:10.1155/2012/706540 Research Article Behavioral Predictors of Colonization with Lactobacillus crispatus or Lactobacillus jensenii after Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis: A Cohort Study Caroline Mitchell,1 Lisa E. Manhart,2 Kathy Thomas,3 Tina Fiedler,4 David N. Fredricks,3, 4 and Jeanne Marrazzo3 1 Harborview Women’s Clinic, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Washington, 325 9th Avenue, Seattle, WA 98105, USA 2 Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA 3 Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA 4 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Caroline Mitchell, [email protected] Received 12 February 2012; Accepted 5 April 2012 Academic Editor: Bryan Larsen Copyright © 2012 Caroline Mitchell et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objective: Evaluate predictors of vaginal colonization with lactobacilli after treatment for bacterial vaginosis (BV). Methods. Vaginal fluid specimens from women with BV underwent qPCR for Lactobacillus crispatus, L. jensenii,andL. iners pre- and posttreatment. Results. Few women with BV were colonized with L. crispatus (4/44, 9%) or L. jensenii (1/44, 2%), though all had L. iners. One month posttreatment 12/44 (27%) had L. crispatus, 12/44 (27%) L. jensenii, and 43/44 (98%) L. iners. Presence of L. jensenii posttreatment was associated with cure (Risk Ratio (RR) 1.67; 95% CI 1.09–2.56); L.
    [Show full text]
  • Introducing Lu-1, a Novel Lactobacillus Jensenii Phage Abundant in the Urogenital Tract
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Faculty Publications and Other Works by Bioinformatics Faculty Publications Department 6-11-2020 Introducing Lu-1, a Novel Lactobacillus jensenii Phage Abundant in the Urogenital Tract Taylor Miller-Ensminger Loyola University Chicago Rita Mormando Loyola University Chicago Laura Maskeri Loyola University Chicago Jason W. Shapiro Loyola University Chicago, [email protected] Alan J. Wolfe Loyola University Chicago, [email protected] SeeFollow next this page and for additional additional works authors at: https:/ /ecommons.luc.edu/bioinformatics_facpub Part of the Bioinformatics Commons, and the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Miller-Ensminger, Taylor; Mormando, Rita; Maskeri, Laura; Shapiro, Jason W.; Wolfe, Alan J.; and Putonti, Catherine. Introducing Lu-1, a Novel Lactobacillus jensenii Phage Abundant in the Urogenital Tract. PLoS ONE, 15, 6: , 2020. Retrieved from Loyola eCommons, Bioinformatics Faculty Publications, http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234159 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications and Other Works by Department at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Bioinformatics Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. © Miller-Ensminger et al., 2020. Authors Taylor Miller-Ensminger, Rita Mormando, Laura Maskeri, Jason W. Shapiro, Alan J. Wolfe, and Catherine Putonti This article is available at Loyola eCommons: https://ecommons.luc.edu/bioinformatics_facpub/57 PLOS ONE RESEARCH ARTICLE Introducing Lu-1, a Novel Lactobacillus jensenii Phage Abundant in the Urogenital Tract Taylor Miller-Ensminger1, Rita Mormando1, Laura Maskeri1, Jason W.
    [Show full text]
  • Laurel Lagenaur Guest Researcher NIH HIV Infection in Women Around the Globe
    Modifying the vaginal microbiome to protect against HIV Laurel Lagenaur Guest Researcher NIH HIV Infection in Women Around the Globe • Need for HIV prevention strategies for women • In 2013, almost 60% of all new HIV infections occurred among women, particularly young women and adolescent girls aged 15–24. Women Age 24 – 50% HIV+ Men Age 24 – 6% HIV+ HIV is Transmitted Across Mucosal Surfaces • HIV infection in women occurs in the epithelium of the vagina and cervix • Infection of underlying target cells (mostly CD4+ T cells) From Tom Hope Mucosal Surfaces are a Living Community • All mucosal surfaces are continuously exposed to a community of microorganisms Lactobacilli • Vagina and Cervix Vaginal Lactobacillus sp. are Epithelial Cell found in 51-90 % women H2O2-Colonization • L. crispatus, L. jensenii, D-lactic acid producers L. gasseri (and L. iners) L-lactic acid Vaginal Microbiota is Relevant to Human Health Healthy Vagina Dysbiosis Bacterial Diversity H2O2-producing Lactobacillus Low Diversity High Diversity Lactobacillus = Defense against Increased risk of infections (BV, rUTI) urogenital pathogens Increased risk of preterm birth, other Contribute to low vaginal pH OB/GYN complications Produce antibacterial substances Increased inflammation and risk of HIV Block pathogen binding, i.e. competitive exclusion Cervicovaginal Bacteria are a Major Modulator of the Host Inflammatory Responses • A recent paper by Anahtar et al. (senior authors Walker, Fichorova, Kwon, Immunity 2015 studied a cohort of South African women • A majority of these women had low abundance of Lactobacillus • Low Lactobacillus abundance together with high ecological diversity strongly correlated with genital pro- inflammatory cytokine concentration Four community types • Community types – Group 1, L.
    [Show full text]
  • Product Information Sheet for HM-372
    Product Information Sheet for HM-372 Lactobacillus jensenii, Strain Growth Conditions: EX849587VC03 Media: Lactobacilli MRS broth and/or agar (ATCC medium 416) Incubation: Catalog No. HM-372 Temperature: 35°C to 37°C Atmosphere: Aerobic or Microaerophilic (CO2 is not required For research use only. Not for human use. for growth) Propagation: Contributor: 1. Keep vial frozen until ready for use, then thaw. Professor Gregory A. Buck, Director, Center for the Study of 2. Transfer the entire thawed aliquot into a single tube of Biological Complexity, Department of Microbiology and broth. Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical 3. Use several drops of the suspension to inoculate an agar Center, Richmond, Virginia slant and/or plate. 4. Incubate the tubes and plate at 37°C for 24 hours. Manufacturer: BEI Resources Citation: Acknowledgment for publications should read “The following Product Description: reagent was obtained through BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH as part of the Human Microbiome Project: Lactobacillus jensenii, Bacteria Classification: Lactobacillaceae, Lactobacillus Strain EX849587VC03, HM-372.” Species: Lactobacillus jensenii Strain: EX849587VC03 Original Source: Lactobacillus jensenii (L. jensenii), strain Biosafety Level: 1 EX849587VC03 was isolated from a human mid-vaginal Appropriate safety procedures should always be used with wall in March, 2010 in Richmond, Virginia.1,2 this material. Laboratory safety is discussed in the following Comments: L. jensenii, strain EX849587VC03 is a reference publication: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, genome for The Human Microbiome Project (HMP). HMP Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and is an initiative to identify and characterize human microbial Prevention, and National Institutes of Health.
    [Show full text]
  • Lactobacilli Expressing Broadly Neutralizing Nanobodies Against HIV-1 As Potential Vectors for HIV-1 Prophylaxis?
    Article Lactobacilli Expressing Broadly Neutralizing Nanobodies against HIV-1 as Potential Vectors for HIV-1 Prophylaxis? Sarah Kalusche 1 , Kanika Vanshylla 2, Franziska Kleipass 2, Henning Gruell 2 , 3 4 1, 1 4, Barbara Müller , Zhu Zeng , Kathrin Koch y, Stefan Stein , Harold Marcotte * , Florian Klein 2,* and Ursula Dietrich 1,* 1 Georg-Speyer-Haus, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 42-44, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; [email protected] (S.K.); [email protected] (K.K.); [email protected] (S.S.) 2 Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; [email protected] (K.V.); [email protected] (F.K.); [email protected] (H.G.) 3 Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology Centre for Integrative Infectious Diseases Research (CIID), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; [email protected] 4 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (H.M.); fl[email protected] (F.K.); [email protected] (U.D.); Tel.: +46-8524-835-90 (H.M.); +49-221-478-85801 (F.K.); +49-69-633950 (U.D.) Current address: PRA Health Sciences, 68165 Mannheim, Germany. y Received: 16 November 2020; Accepted: 11 December 2020; Published: 13 December 2020 Abstract: In the absence of an active prophylactic vaccine against HIV-1, passively administered, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) identified in some chronically infected persons were shown to prevent HIV-1 infection in animal models.
    [Show full text]