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An Examination of the Corporate Structures of European Football Clubs
PLAYING FAIR IN THE BOARDROOM: AN EXAMINATION OF THE CORPORATE STRUCTURES OF EUROPEAN FOOTBALL CLUBS Ryan Murphy† I. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 410 II. UEFA FINANCIAL FAIR PLAY RULES ..................................................... 411 III. SPANISH SOCIO MODEL ........................................................................ 415 A. FC Barcelona ............................................................................... 415 B. Real Madrid ................................................................................. 419 C. S.A.D.s ......................................................................................... 423 IV. GERMAN MODEL .................................................................................. 423 A. The Traditional Structure (e.V.) .................................................. 424 B. AGs ............................................................................................. 425 C. GmbHs ......................................................................................... 427 D. KGaAs ......................................................................................... 428 VI. ENGLISH MODELS ................................................................................ 431 A. The Benefactor Model .................................................................. 431 1. Chelsea ................................................................................ 431 2. Manchester City .................................................................. -
Master Bibliography for Sports in Society, 1994–2009
1 MASTER BIBLIOGRAPHY Sports In Society: Issues & Controversies, 1994–2015 (5,089 references) Jay Coakley This bibliography is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. CSPS Working Papers may be distributed or cited as long as the author(s) is/are appropriately credited. CSPS Working Papers may not be used for commercial purposes or modified in any way without the permission of the author(s). For more information please visit: www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/. 60 Minutes; ―Life after the NFL: Happiness.‖ Television program, (2004, December); see also, www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/12/16/60minutes/main661572.shtml. AAA. 1998. Statement on ―Race.‖ Washington, DC: American Anthropological Association. www.aaanet.org/stmts/racepp.htm (retrieved June, 2005). AAHPERD. 2013. Maximizing the benefits of youth sport. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance 84(7): 8-13. Abad-Santos, Alexander. 2013. Everything you need to know about Steubenville High's football 'rape crew'. The Atlantic Wire (January 3): http://www.theatlanticwire.com/national/2013/01/steubenville-high-football-rape- crew/60554/ (retrieved 5-22-13). Abdel-Shehid, Gamal, & Nathan Kalman-Lamb. 2011. Out of Left Field: Social Inequality and Sport. Black Point, Nova Scotia: Fernwood Publishing Abdel-Shehid, Gamal. 2002. Muhammad Ali: America‘s B-Side. Journal of Sport and Social Issues 26, 3: 319–327. Abdel-Shehid, Gamal. 2004. Who da man?: black masculinities and sporting cultures. Toronto: Canadian Scholars‘ Press. www.cspi.org. Abney, Roberta. 1999. African American women in sport. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance 70(4), 35–38. -
Mit Sack Und Pack Die Expats Leben Bei Uns, Mit Uns – Und Doch in Einer Anderen Welt, Seite 6
Freitag, 15.3.2013 | Woche 11 | 3. Jahrgang 5.– Aus der Community: 11 «Der erste Papst, der sich nach einem Hefeweizen benennt? Das wird sicher gut.» Pauli zur Wahl von Papst Franziskus, tageswoche.ch/+bdrta Zeitung aus Basel tageswoche.ch Mit Sack und Pack Die Expats leben bei uns, mit uns – und doch in einer anderen Welt, Seite 6 Foto: Basile Bornand Rausgeworfen: Die Wirtin der ehe- «Grandseigneur»: Gabriel Vetter, maligen Traditionsbeiz «Alte Schmitti» preis gekrönter Slam-Poet, Satiriker will aus der Rotlicht-Bar ein Event lokal und Hausautor am Theater Basel, hat machen. Nun wurde ihr gekündigt, sein erstes Stück für die Bühne TagesWoche Gerbergasse 30, Seite 19 geschrieben, Seite 24 4001 Basel, Tel. 061 561 61 61 Anzeige Editorial 15. März 2013 Bei uns, mit uns, neben uns von Urs Buess, Co-Redaktionsleiter Es gehört hierzulande zum guten Ton, in weil ihnen hier Arbeitsplätze angeboten seinem Lebenslauf auf ein paar Jahre Aus- werden, die sie in ihrer beruflichen Lauf- landaufenthalt hinweisen zu können. New bahn weiterbringen. Zunehmend leben sie York, London, Berlin, Fernost … Viele ma- bei uns, neben uns – die Ausländer der eher chen ihre Auslanderfahrungen als Angestell- privilegierten Art. Wir begrüssen sie freund- Urs Buess te einer Schweizer oder einer global tätigen lich, höflich, herzlich. Das gehört sich. Aber Firma. Man geht ein paar Jahre ins Ausland einen besonders tiefen Knicks brauchen wir und kommt – wenn einen nicht private oder nicht zu machen, einen ausgerollten Teppich berufliche Überraschungen in der Ferne haben sie nicht nötig, weil sie ihn gar nicht halten – wieder zurück. Und wie steht es mit wollen. -
Global Media Sport: Flows, Forms and Futures
Rowe, David. "Digital Media, Networking and Executive Fandom." Global Media Sport: Flows, Forms and Futures. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2011. 62–88. Globalizing Sport Studies. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 26 Sep. 2021. <http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781849661577.ch-004>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 26 September 2021, 05:23 UTC. Copyright © David Rowe 2011. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. 4 Digital Media, Networking and Executive Fandom Sports broadcasting under different gods Chapter 3 was concerned with sports television as the dominant medium of the past half century, establishing itself around the world in the form of public and commercial free-to-air broadcasting and commercial subscription platforms by various means, such as microwave, satellite and cable. It was shown that the global television system is a mixture of nationally contained content combined with selected sports programming circulating into other countries and regions, sometimes regarded as crucially tied to the viewing rights of citizens (both of nations and of the world) and sometimes predominantly ‘fi ller’ for multi-sports channels that satisfy expansion and status aspirations of sports and sports events of limited international appeal while providing modest broadcast rights revenue. The screening of major sports events can be highly sociable encounters, offering ‘water-cooler moments’ when large numbers of people engage with the screen action, identify with and distinguish themselves from the contestants, organize social events based on them and so, by various means, feel connected to social groups ranging from suburbs to nations. -
A Critical Analysis of Governance Structures Within Supporter Owned Football Clubs
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES WITHIN SUPPORTER OWNED FOOTBALL CLUBS SARA WARD DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT SUBMITTED OCTOBER 2013 This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by The Manchester Metropolitan University Declaration I hereby declare that this thesis entitled ‘A Critical Analysis of Governance Structures within Supporter Owned Football Clubs’ represents the results of my own work except where specified in the thesis. Sara Ward ii Abstract The aim of this study was to critically analyse governance structures within supporter owned football clubs. Mutuality is a longstanding successful model of ownership within European professional football. There was little understanding of mutuality as a form of ownership in British football until it emerged during the past decade, albeit confined to lower leagues. This research utilised a multiple case study methodology to critically analyse the key issues relating to governance structures within supporter owned football clubs. Due to financial mismanagement under private ownership, there has been a recent rise of Supporters’ Trusts taking ownership of their football clubs in the U.K. The key objectives of this research were to identify what mutual business models exist in the organisation of football and examine which governance structures are the most appropriate for mutual football clubs to operate effectively. The study focused on five football clubs adopting varying mutual business models with differing fortunes. The sample encompassed clubs who had matured with the model, clubs who had adopted it out of financial necessity and newly formed clubs which had evolved using the mutual model.