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Basal Position of Two New Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Parasitic
Hua et al. Parasites & Vectors (2018) 11:628 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3162-4 RESEARCH Open Access Basal position of two new complete mitochondrial genomes of parasitic Cymothoida (Crustacea: Isopoda) challenges the monophyly of the suborder and phylogeny of the entire order Cong J. Hua1,2, Wen X. Li1, Dong Zhang1,2, Hong Zou1, Ming Li1, Ivan Jakovlić3, Shan G. Wu1 and Gui T. Wang1,2* Abstract Background: Isopoda is a highly diverse order of crustaceans with more than 10,300 species, many of which are parasitic. Taxonomy and phylogeny within the order, especially those of the suborder Cymothoida Wägele, 1989, are still debated. Mitochondrial (mt) genomes are a useful tool for phylogenetic studies, but their availability for isopods is very limited. To explore these phylogenetic controversies on the mt genomic level and study the mt genome evolution in Isopoda, we sequenced mt genomes of two parasitic isopods, Tachaea chinensis Thielemann, 1910 and Ichthyoxenos japonensis Richardson, 1913, belonging to the suborder Cymothoida, and conducted comparative and phylogenetic mt genomic analyses across Isopoda. Results: The complete mt genomes of T. chinensis and I. japonensis were 14,616 bp and 15,440 bp in size, respectively, with the A+T content higher than in other isopods (72.7 and 72.8%, respectively). Both genomes code for 13 protein-coding genes, 21 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and possess a control region (CR). Both are missing a gene from the complete tRNA set: T. chinensis lacks trnS1 and I. japonensis lacks trnI. Both possess unique gene orders among isopods. -
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ripa #»: iw^m^o^fithont'Domm'mt B:^^ y b^ -^^m S8: 84-88 (2003) Japanese Journal of BenthoUtgy MW>WM. y ^y insist" S n'^x ^ y 3 ^/;t U X h'- Shinkaia crosnieri Distribution and Population Structure of the Galatheid Crab Shinkaia crosnieri (Decapoda: Anomura: Galatheidae) in the Southern Okinawa Trough mmm^mm^y^~mmmm• mmm^m. Tise-ooeiw^ummmmmMMm2-1 s Shinji TSUCHIDA*, Yoshihiro FUJIWARA and Katsunori FUJIKURA Marine Ecosystems Research Department, Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, 2-15 Natstishima-cho, Yokosu- ka-shi, Kanagawa 236-0061, Japan Abstract: The spatial distribution around hydrothermal vents, population structure, and relative growth parametei^ of the galatheid crab Shinkaia crosnieri were examined. Surveys were done by the Shinkai 2000 on the Hatoma and Dai-yon Yonaguni KnoUs in the southern Okinawa Trough. On the Hatoma Knoll, S. crosnieri inhabited areas (temp. 4.(>-6.2°C) about 0.2-2 m away from the active vent (temp. 30f C). In the outer area of the habitat of S. crosnieri (.ew. 3.M.rc,. dense bei .r Ba„ymo,,o,u. mu.eU occjd and aggregations cf ^/v,V„c»^ sM„p were observed. In this survey, 248 specimens of S. crosnieri were collected. Small, probably just post-metamorphic juveniles and large, mature aduL eo-orurred. Chelipeds of males were proportionally largir tl^ *ose of ^malL. whUe abdomens of females were proportionally larger than those of males. Larger chelip«is in males are thought to have evolved through male-male competition for females, and wider abdomens in females are thought to be related to the attachment of fertEized eggs to the abdominal appendages. -
(Southern Ocean) Hydrothermal Vents: What More Can We Learn from an Ellipse?
Vol. 542: 13–24, 2016 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published January 19 doi: 10.3354/meps11571 Mar Ecol Prog Ser OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS Isotopic niche variability in macroconsumers of the East Scotia Ridge (Southern Ocean) hydrothermal vents: What more can we learn from an ellipse? W. D. K. Reid1,*, C. J. Sweeting2, B. D. Wigham3, R. A. R. McGill4, N. V. C. Polunin5 1Ridley Building, School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU, UK 2Marine Management Organisation, Lancaster House, Hampshire Court, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 7YH, UK 3Dove Marine Laboratory, School of Marine Science & Technology, Newcastle University, Cullercoats, NE30 4PZ, UK 4NERC Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry Facility, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride, G75 0QF, UK 5Ridley Building, School of Marine Science & Technology, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU, UK ABSTRACT: Aspects of between-individual trophic niche width can be explored through the iso- topic niche concept. In many cases isotopic variability can be influenced by the scale of sampling and biological characteristics including body size or sex. Sample size-corrected (SEAc) and Bayesian (SEAb) standard ellipse areas and generalised least squares (GLS) models were used to explore the spatial variability of δ13C and δ15N in Kiwa tyleri (decapod), Gigantopelta chessoia (peltospirid gastropod) and Vulcanolepas scotiaensis (stalked barnacle) collected from 3 hydrothermal vent field sites (E2, E9N and E9S) on the East Scotia Ridge (ESR), Southern Ocean. SEAb only revealed spatial differences in isotopic niche area in male K. tyleri. However, the parameters used to draw the SEAc, eccentricity (E) and angle of the major SEAc axis to the x-axis (θ), indicated spatial differences in the relationships between δ13C and δ15N in all 3 species. -
Kiwa Tyleri, a New Species of Yeti Crab from the East Scotia Ridge, Antarctica
RESEARCH ARTICLE Adaptations to Hydrothermal Vent Life in Kiwa tyleri, a New Species of Yeti Crab from the East Scotia Ridge, Antarctica Sven Thatje1*, Leigh Marsh1, Christopher Nicolai Roterman2, Mark N. Mavrogordato3, Katrin Linse4 1 Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom, 2 National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom, 3 Engineering Sciences, μ-VIS CT Imaging Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, 4 British Antarctic Survey, High Cross Madingley Road, CB3 0ET, Cambridge, United Kingdom a11111 * [email protected] Abstract Hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean are the physiologically most isolated chemosyn- OPEN ACCESS thetic environments known. Here, we describe Kiwa tyleri sp. nov., the first species of yeti Citation: Thatje S, Marsh L, Roterman CN, crab known from the Southern Ocean. Kiwa tyleri belongs to the family Kiwaidae and is the Mavrogordato MN, Linse K (2015) Adaptations to visually dominant macrofauna of two known vent sites situated on the northern and southern Hydrothermal Vent Life in Kiwa tyleri, a New Species segments of the East Scotia Ridge (ESR). The species is known to depend on primary pro- of Yeti Crab from the East Scotia Ridge, Antarctica. ductivity by chemosynthetic bacteria and resides at the warm-eurythermal vent environment PLoS ONE 10(6): e0127621. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0127621 for most of its life; its short-range distribution away from vents (few metres) is physiologically constrained by the stable, cold waters of the surrounding Southern Ocean. Kiwa tylerihas Academic Editor: Steffen Kiel, Universität Göttingen, GERMANY been shown to present differential life history adaptations in response to this contrasting thermal environment. -
A New Vent Limpet in the Genus Lepetodrilus (Gastropoda: Lepetodrilidae) from Southern Ocean Hydrothermal Vent Fields Showing High Phenotypic Plasticity
fmars-06-00381 July 15, 2019 Time: 15:56 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 16 July 2019 doi: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00381 A New Vent Limpet in the Genus Lepetodrilus (Gastropoda: Lepetodrilidae) From Southern Ocean Hydrothermal Vent Fields Showing High Phenotypic Plasticity Katrin Linse1*, Christopher Nicolai Roterman2 and Chong Chen3 1 British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2 Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3 X-STAR, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan The recently discovered hydrothermal vent ecosystems in the Southern Ocean host a suite of vent-endemic species, including lepetodrilid limpets dominating in abundance. Limpets were collected from chimneys, basalts and megafauna of the East Scotia Ridge Edited by: segments E2 and E9 and the Kemp Caldera at the southern end of the South Sandwich Wei-Jen Chen, Island arc. The limpets varied in size and shell morphology between vent fields and National Taiwan University, Taiwan displayed a high degree of phenotypic plasticity. Size frequency analyses between vent Reviewed by: fields suggests continuous reproduction in the limpet and irregular colonisation events. Marjolaine Matabos, Institut Français de Recherche pour Phylogenetic reconstructions and comparisons of mitochondrial COI gene sequences l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), revealed a level of genetic similarity between individuals from the three vent fields France Junlong Zhang, consistent with them belonging to a single molecular operational taxonomic unit. Here Institute of Oceanology (CAS), China we describe Lepetodrilus concentricus n. sp., and evaluate its genetic distinctness and *Correspondence: pylogenetic position with congeners based on the same gene. Results indicate that Katrin Linse L. -
Comparative Population Structure of Two Dominant Species, Shinkaia Crosnieri
Comparative population structure of two dominant species, Shinkaia crosnieri (Munidopsidae: Shinkaia) and Bathymodiolus platifrons (Mytilidae: Bathymodiolus), inhabiting both deep-sea vent and cold seep inferred from mitochondrial multi-genes Yanjun Shen1,2,*, Qi Kou3,*, Weitao Chen1,2, Shunping He1, Mei Yang3, Xinzheng Li3 & Xiaoni Gan1 1The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China 2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China 3Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China Keywords Abstract Chemosynthetic fauna, environmental heterogeneity, genetic diversity, genetic Deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, limited environments without isolation, population distribution patterns. sunlight, are two types of extreme habitat for marine organisms. The differences between vents and cold seeps may facilitate genetic isolation and produce popu- Correspondence lation heterogeneity. However, information on such chemosynthetic fauna taxa Xiaoni Gan, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic is rare, especially regarding the population diversity of species inhabiting both Biodiversity and Conservation of the Chinese vents and cold seeps. In this study, three mitochondrial DNA fragments (the Academy of Sciences, Institute of cytochrome c oxidase submit I (COI), cytochrome b gene (Cytb), and 16S) Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China were concatenated as a mitochondrial concatenated dataset (MCD) to examine Tel: 027-68780089; the genetic diversity, population structure, and demographic history of Shinkaia Fax: 027-68780071; crosnieri and Bathymodiolus platifrons. The genetic diversity differences between E-mail: [email protected] vent and seep populations were statistically significant for S. crosnieri but not and for B. -
Thatje and Marsh 2018
1 The Scientific Naturalist 2 3 From hot waters of polar seas: the mysterious life of the male yeti crab 4 5 Sven Thatje*, Leigh Marsh 6 7 Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre 8 Southampton, Waterfront Campus, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK 9 10 *Email: [email protected] 11 In 2010, a new biogeographic province of hydrothermal vent fauna was discovered on the East Scotia Ridge 12 (ESR), Southern Ocean, situated to a maximum depth of 2,600 m (Rogers et al. 2012). Two hydrothermal vent 13 fields, named E2 and E9, were found on the northern and southern branch of the ESR, respectively. The 14 chemosynthetic dependent benthic macrofauna that dominate these sites were new to science, and many of the 15 species appear to be endemic to the Southern Ocean province. A member of the enigmatic family of Kiwaidae – 16 commonly known as yeti crabs or squat lobsters – visually dominates the vent fauna (Fig. 1A– C) (Marsh et al. 17 2012, Rogers et al. 2012). This species, Kiwa tyleri, sustains itself on chemosynthetic bacteria, which grow on 18 two types of specialized setae that cover the ventral side of its carapace and pereopods in dense rows (Thatje et 19 al. 2015a, b). For the majority of individuals, their habitat is limited to a thermally well-defined, narrow envelope 20 of warm-water surrounding the hydrothermal vent system, bound in the cold temperatures of the deep Southern 21 Ocean, which were found to be as cold as 0 and 1.3°C at E2 and E9, respectively. -
Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura) from Hydrothermal Systems in the West Pacific Océan: Bismarck Archipelago and Okinawa Trough
New Galatheoidea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura) from hydrothermal Systems in the West Pacific Océan: Bismarck Archipelago and Okinawa Trough Keiji BABA Kumamoto University, Faculty of Education Kumamoto 860-8555 (Japan) [email protected] Austin B. WILLIAMS National Marine Fisheries Service Systematics Laboratory National Muséum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Washington D.C. 20560 (U.S.A.) [email protected] Baba K. & Williams A. B. 1998. — New Galatheoidea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura) from hydrothermal Systems in the West Pacific Océan: Bismarck Archipelago and Okinawa Trough. Zoosystema 20 (2): 143-156. ABSTRACT Two anomuran decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Galatheoidea that are new to science are described from hydrothermally active areas of the western Pacific Océan. Uroptychus edisonicus n.sp., family Chirostylidae, from a vol- canic crater on Edison Seamount near Lihir Island, Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea, is the third species of the genus known to occur in hydrothermally active areas, both of the others coming from the North Fiji Basin. The new species is more similar to non-hydrothermal congeners from the Banda Sea and the central North Pacific Océan than to those known KEYWORDS from vent areas. Shinkaia crosnieri n.g. n.sp., family Galatheidae, from active hydrothermal Systems, hydrothermal areas in the Okinawa Trough and Edison Seamount is placed West Pacific Océan, in the monotypic Shinkaiinae n. subfam. having similarities to the Chirostylidae, Uroptychus, Munidopsinae, but with distinctive characters of its own including carapace Galatheidae, shape and ornamentation, very short (or reduced) epipods on the third Shinkaiinae, maxillipeds, features of thoracic sternum, legs, and dense ventral mat of Shinkaia, biogeography. -
1 SUPPORTING INFORMATION APPENDIX 1: Data Sources The
SUPPORTING INFORMATION APPENDIX 1: Data Sources The next 64 pages comprise a reference list for all literary sources given as references for trait scores and/or comments in the sFDvent raw (marked with an asterisk (*) if not then included in recommended) and/or recommended datasets (Tables S4.3 and S4.2, respectively). These references are not in alphabetical order, as the database is a ‘living’ record, so new references will be added and a new number assigned. In the recommended dataset (Table S4.2), the references are recorded according to the numbers listed below (and in Table S1.1), to ensure that citations are relatively easy for users to carry through when conducting analyses using subsets of the data, for example. If a score in the recommended dataset is supported by more than one reference, multiple reference identifiers are provided and separated by a semi-colon (;). The references are not provided as numbers / identifiers in the other versions of the dataset, as information is lost during this processing step (e.g., ‘expert opinion’, or 66, replaces comments made by experts in each reference column regarding additional observations, rationale for certainty scores, etc.), which may prove useful for some users. Other versions of the dataset thus maintain raw reference entries for transparency and as potentially useful metadata. We provide a copy of the recommended dataset without the references as numbers (Table S4.2A), in case it is easier for users to cross-reference between the two sheets to seek additional comments for a given data subset of interest. 1. Aguado, M. -
Handbook of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Fauna
HANDBOOK OF DEEP-SEA HYDROTHERMAL VENT FAUNA Second completely revised edition Editors: Daniel Desbruyeres, Michel Segonzac & Monika Bright Arthropoda: Decapoda, Anomura Worldwide, there are over 2500 species of anomouran The vent fauna contains representatives of the superfami crabs, which comprise ca 5% of all crustacean species. The In- lies Galatheoidea and Paguroidea, including species of four fa fraorder Anomura represents a paraphyletic group that includes milies and a recent new family (Kiwaidae). Despite their ecolo the superfamilies Lomisoidea, Hippoidea, and the much more gical importance and high diversity, many aspects of their Sys diverse Galatheoidea and Paguroidea. Species of these taxa are tematics and distribution are still poorly known. commonly found living from the intertidal zone to the abyssal The anomurans exhibit a considerable diversity of repro plain >2000 m, including one terrestrial representative. Mor duction modes, life cycles and capacities for dispersal. The vast phologically they have little in common, some are like crabs majority of species have relatively small pelagic eggs, with the (e.g. Lithodidae) and others are like hermit crabs (e.g. Paguri- exception of some representatives of the families Galatheidae dae). They only share one character: the small fifth pereiopod. and Chirostylidae, and a pelagic larval phase, which enhances Molecular studies have shown that Galatheoidea and Paguroi their capacity for dispersal. There is evidence for prolonged dea are more related to each other than to Hippoidea, although brooding periods. Usually they produce only a few large eggs, more work is needed to completely resolve these relationships. probably related to an abbreviated or direct larval develop ment. -
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Ecology and Biogeography Of
Title Ecology and biogeography of megafauna and macrofauna at the first known deep-sea hydrothermal vents on the ultraslow- spreading Southwest Indian Ridge Authors Copley, JT; Marsh, L; Glover, AG; Hühnerbach, V; Nye, VE; Reid, WDK; Sweeting, CJ; Wigham, BD; Wiklund, H Description 0000-0002-9489-074X Date Submitted 2017-05-02 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Ecology and biogeography of megafauna and macrofauna at the first known deep-sea hydrothermal vents on the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge Copley JT 1,* , Marsh L 1, Glover AG 2, Hühnerbach V 3, Nye VE 1, Reid WDK 4, Sweeting CJ 5, Wigham BD 5, Wiklund H 2 1Ocean & Earth Science, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK 2Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK 3formerly at National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK 4School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK 5Dove Marine Laboratory, School of Marine Science & Technology, Newcastle University, Cullercoats NE30 4PZ, UK *email [email protected] (corresponding author) SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURE: Images of faunal assemblages observed at Longqi vent field, Southwest Indian Ridge, during the first remotely operated vehicle (ROV) dives in November 2011: (a) active “black smoker” chimneys occupied by Rimicaris kairei ; (b) assemblage of Chrysomallon squamiferum , Hesiolyra cf. bergi , Kiwa n. sp. “SWIR”, Mirocaris fortunata in close proximity to vent fluid source; (c) abundant Chrysomallon squamiferum and Gigantopelta aegis , with Kiwa n. sp. “SWIR”, Bathymodiolus marisindicus , and Mirocaris fortunata on platform of “Tiamat” vent chimney (d) zonation of Chysomallon squamiferum , Gigantopelta aegis , Bathymodiolus marisindicus , and Neolepas sp. -
Evidence for Protracted and Lecithotrophic Larval Development in the Yeti Crab Kiwa Tyleri from Hydrothermal Vents of the East Scotia Ridge, Southern Ocean
Vol. 1: 109–116, 2015 SEXUALITY AND EARLY DEVELOPMENT IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS Published online April 28 doi: 10.3354/sedao00011 Sex Early Dev Aquat Org OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS Evidence for protracted and lecithotrophic larval development in the yeti crab Kiwa tyleri from hydrothermal vents of the East Scotia Ridge, Southern Ocean Sven Thatje1,*, Kathryn E. Smith1,2, Leigh Marsh1, Paul A. Tyler1 1Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK 2Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA ABSTRACT: The deep-sea squat lobster Kiwa tyleri (also known as yeti crab) is the dominant macroinvertebrate inhabiting hydrothermal vents on the northern and southern segments of the East Scotia Ridge in the Southern Ocean. Here, we describe the first zoeal stage of the species — which is morphologically advanced — and provide evidence for its lecithotrophy in development. This morphologically advanced stage at hatching suggests that dispersal potential during early ontogeny may be limited. Adults of K. tyleri typically inhabit a warm-eurythermal, and spatially defined, temperature envelope of vent chimneys. In contrast, ovigerous females with late embryos are found away from these temperatures, off the vent site. This implies that at least part of embryogenesis takes place away from the chemosynthetic environment. Larvae are released into the cold waters of the Southern Ocean that are known to pose physiological limits on the survival of reptant decapods. Larval lecithotrophy may aid long developmental periods under these condi- tions and facilitate development independent of pronounced seasonality in primary production. It remains uncertain, however, how population connectivity between distant vent sites may be achieved.