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Report on the Peel River and Tributaries, Yukon and Mackenzie

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Report on the Peel River and Tributaries, Yukon and Mackenzie C!HM ICIUIH Microfiche Collection de Series microfiches ({Monographs) (monographles) Canadian Instituta for Historical Microroproductiona / Institut Canadian da microraproductions hittoriquas Technical and BiDliographic Notes / Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to otrtain the t)est original L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lul a copy available for filming. Features of this copy which M possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exem- may be bibllographically unique, which may alter any of plaire qui sont peut-4tre uniques du point de vue bibii- the images in the reproduction, or which may ographlque, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, significantly change the usual method of filming are ou qui peuvent exiger une nfKXilfication dans la mtKho- checked below. de normale de flimage sont indiqute ci-dessous. Coloured covers / Coloured pages / Pages de couleur I I D Couverture de couleur Pages dantaged / Pages endommagdes I I Covers damaged / D Couverture endommagte Pages restored and/or laminated / Pages restaur^es ei/ou peliicul^es Covers restored and/or laminated / D Couverture restaur^e et/ou pelliculte r~pf Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ |j^ Pages d^coiortes. tachetdes ou piques Cover title missing / Le titre de couverture manque Pages detached / Pages d^tach^s I I 3 Coloured maps / Cartes gtegraphiques en couleur 1^1 Showthrough / Transparence Coloured inl( (i.e. other than blue or blade) / D Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) I Quality of print varies / I Quallt6 in6gal«4 de I'impression Coloured plates and/or Illustrations / D Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Includes supplementary material / D Comprend du materiel suppMmentaire Bound with other material / D Relid avec d'autres documents Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, D tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best Only edition available / possible image / Les pages totalement ou D Seule Mition disponible partiellement ot}scurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont 6X6 film^ k nouveau de fa^on k Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along obtenir la meiileure image possit)le. D interior margin / La reliure serrde peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distorsion le long de la marge Opposing pages with varying colouration or intdrieure. D discolouratlons are filmed twice to ensure the best possible image / Les pages s'opposant ayant des Blanl( leaves added during restorations may appear colorations variables ou des decolorations sont D within the text. Whenever possible, these have been fiimdes deux fois afin d'obtenir la meiileure image omitted from filming / II st/ peut que certaines pages possible. blanches ajout^es lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela 6tait possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6t6 filmtes. Additional comments / D Comnfx <ntaires suppl6nf)entaires: Thia itain is flbiMd «t tiM radueUon mio dMciwd balow / C« doowMnt tst fNm* au tmw d* rMuetion iiMNqut el-tfMSOut. lOx 14x 18x 22x 26x SOx 7 1 12x 18x 20x 24x 28x 32x : L'«Mmptoir« Win* Iwt raproduH qtAm i la TIM MpV MNMtf Hm* hM kMn rapr«diM«d tt tiM IMMrMity •! MiivamM ont M raproduitM avM la aaifi. aompta tanu da la eanditian at a-JMaaowWdmi itM switfMwi and togiMNty raMmplaira film«. at an In tf« la natiai* da oftlw laa aandMona du aontrat da originaux dont la eauvartura an Inprlntad ••t Imprianto aont Wmda an eamman«ant tiM fjant I par la tmlar plat at an tarmlnant aait par la tha laat paga wMiaprlmadwrttn a pnnwa m imw-i— "^ Al dam paga gul eomporta una ampraima «ion. tha back emm wtian appwpfiata. f aM dliuatratian. aoH par la sacond «rti>> ariainal eonii ara Wwad baglnnlng an dlmi plat« la aaa. 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M aat fUm* « partir laft hand aoni«r. laft to bsglnning in tha uppar gaucha * droita. aa da rangia aupdrlaur gaucha. da right and top to bottom, aa many framaa at da haut an baa. an pranant la nombra Tha following diagrama INuatrata tha raquirad. d'Imagaa ntaaaaaira. Laa diagrammaa auivanu illustrant la mathodo. 6 MWMCorr MMuinoN ran cnait (ANSI and SO TCST CHMT No. 2) y^ Itt IH Ih1?? u lii ^i^ |2jO I.I 1 S.r i 111.8 1-25 11.4 1^1 1.6 /ff^PLIED IIVMGE Ine 1«53 Eoit Moin SlfMt «oeh<Ml«r. Nm .h 14009 USA (716) «2 - 0300 - !>.»„. "* A (71C) 28a - sgn - fo> r GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA ROBERT BELL, LS.O., M.l).. D.Sc, (Cantab.) LL.D.. F.R.S., AtTiNo Dirictoh. Qe- ) IS' REPORT ci*^-? 1 '^6(^ ON THE PEEL RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES YUKON AND MACKENZIE T C. CAMSELL OTTAWA PRINTED BY S. E. DAWSON, PRINTER TO THE KING'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY 1906 Ntf. Ml T RoBUT fiiLL, Esq., Acting Director, Oeologicftl Survej of Canads. Dear Sir, —Herewith I beg to hand you my report and map of the Peel river and some of ita tributaries. The report is accompanied by a few illustration* showing the physical aspect of the rvgion traversed. I remain, sir. Your obedient servant, C CAMSELL. Ottawa, March, 1906. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Intnx.'iictioii 7 RouUm anrvojrfd H Prrviotu rxpbtntiuiu 9 Early Prm|i>>ctori) 10 Braint* Cnrk :— D«cri|>tH)n. It Tupo(ra|ihjr mu) Opokigy |ft NmH Cr«<ek IH Huncmr Crack M Wind Rirer:— DcMiiptian 17 Topognphy and Ocoiofy of th* Mountain itectioa 21 TopcifTaphy and Oeology of the Plateau Section 23 lUtyd ran«e SH Coal 27 Gold 2M Pi*l Rirer :— Detcription 29 Topography.. .... SH Superficial (>(!ologr 3i» Ueneral Ueology 41 Satan River ai Fort Mac|>henon an Huakie River 37 .jonomic Geology 4«i Oame and Fiah 47 FuniU . 48 T •THK PKEL |{|VKH AND TRIIUJTARIES INTHODUCTION. The field work )»»«ignetl to me for the i-enmin of I'jOft enibraoad a geologic and topographic reconnnimiiinco of th» Peel riv«»r in the extreme northweHtern portion of the I)<«nini.»n. Owing to the nhort- neon of the season in that part, and the ditHculty and length of time required to get in and out of the region, .in early ^tart froiu Ottawrt wa» very necessary. In acconlunce, therpforn, with fr-.tructionn receivetl from Dr. Bell, I left utuwa about the middle of .March for Winnipeg. Here some supplies were purchaned and Nhipped by the Hudson • Bay Company to meet at me Fort McPherson in August, and later I proceeded to Dawson, where 1 arrive<l I on the . , of April. At Dawson the interval Inst ween the closing ol winter travel and the opening of navigation on the streams was consumetl in the testing and correction of instrumenUi, aac' in visiting and examining the placer mines of the Klondike creeks ; and during this period we were much indebted to Mr. J. B. Tyrrell for his kindness and hospitality in allow- ing us the use of his house. To Major Z. T. Woo<l also, Commandant of the North-west 5Iounte<l Police in the Yukon, are my thanks due for his kindly assistance in the selection of canoemen and the loan of a canoe. On .May 22, the pnity. consisting of six men and tliret- canoos, left D.vwson by .ss. the r,u»j^ri„r tot Frazer fails on the .Stewart rivfr. Four liays were consumed in reaching this point. .Xnoiher deky. ncca^oned l.y nn early rise of water in the Stewnrt ri\er, pre- vc'u.l usfrom UKvini; until Juno 5. When w- l..wi„.,ur journey at this date, it was only with the greatest dirticulty and som.. dnn-er that any progress could be made. With the water fifteen or twenty feet higher than its normal stage the velocity of the current .: -—nfly increased, quantities of driftwood are »)eing carried down stn-wi,. and in many places the banks are conipletlely submerged. Under th* se conditions we were eight days in getting as far as Lmsing river, a distance of eighty miles. Above this river the water w.i.s at a much Ijetter stage and the travel- ling was ?asier, until we came within twenty-five miles of the mouth of Braine creek. In this portion of the Beaver river, a northern tributary of the Stewart, the stream is split up into several channels and is filled with gravel bars, while the grade is greatly increased, so that con.sider- able difhculties were again encfmntered in making progress. At the 8UBVKY OF CASADA 8 CO OBOLOOICAL sur- survey commenced, though a track mouth Of Braine creek the actu.l cabin at the caHon seven m.le. been carried up from Williams's vey had Beaver survey of the lower part of the X. to connect with Mr. Keele's nvor R0UTK8 SELKCTED. on leaving Ottawa to follow identically It wa, my original intention which was taken by the prospectors same route across the mountains the by many from this on rea- hing Dawson 1839 but I was dissuaded in These men through the Bonnet Plume pa^ of thos^ who came route, any difficulties of thi, particular stated that on account of the at a.^ could not leara that any one, other would be preferable.
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