Is Distinguished Professor of Space Physics
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And Ground-Based Observations of Pulsating Aurora
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Spring 2010 Space- and ground-based observations of pulsating aurora Sarah Jones University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation Jones, Sarah, "Space- and ground-based observations of pulsating aurora" (2010). Doctoral Dissertations. 597. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/597 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SPACE- AND GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS OF PULSATING AURORA BY SARAH JONES B.A. in Physics, Dartmouth College 2004 DISSERTATION Submitted to the University of New Hampshire in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics May, 2010 UMI Number: 3470104 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT Dissertation Publishing UMI 3470104 Copyright 2010 by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This edition of the work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 This dissertation has been examined and approved. -
Earthrise- Contents and Chapter 1
EARTHRISE: HOW MAN FIRST SAW THE EARTH Contents 1. Earthrise, seen for the first time by human eyes 2. Apollo 8: from the Moon to the Earth 3. A Short History of the Whole Earth 4. From Landscape to Planet 5. Blue Marble 6. An Astronaut’s View of Earth 7. From Cold War to Open Skies 8. From Spaceship Earth to Mother Earth 9. Gaia 10. The Discovery of the Earth 1. Earthrise, seen for the first time by human eyes On Christmas Eve 1968 three American astronauts were in orbit around the Moon: Frank Borman, James Lovell, and Bill Anders. The crew of Apollo 8 had been declared by the United Nations to be the ‘envoys of mankind in outer space’; they were also its eyes.1 They were already the first people to leave Earth orbit, the first to set eyes on the whole Earth, and the first to see the dark side of the Moon, but the most powerful experience still awaited them. For three orbits they gazed down on the lunar surface through their capsule’s tiny windows as they carried out the checks and observations prescribed for almost every minute of this tightly-planned mission. On the fourth orbit, as they began to emerge from the far side of the Moon, something happened. They were still out of radio contact with the Earth, but the on- board voice recorder captured their excitement. Borman: Oh my God! Look at that picture over there! Here’s the Earth coming up. Wow, that is pretty! Anders: Hey, don’t take that, it’s not scheduled. -
Story Tellers Who Spin in Orpit of Space (Women in Space)
International Conference on Multifaceted Empowerment of Women in the Society Story Tellers Who Spin in Orpit of Space (Women in Space) Dr.G.Jenita Rani OPEN ACCESS Assistant Professor, Department of Physics Fatima College, Madurai Volume: 6 A.Anish Banu & S.Nandhini M.Sc.Physics, Fatima College, Madurai Special Issue: 1 Introduction Month: February Now we can proudly say we have launched so many satellites to the space. We are waiting eagerly to buy a flat on the moon. We also Year: 2019 are seeking for the ways to live in other planets. What is the basis of all those growth? What is the reason behind all those glories? ISSN: 2321-788X In the earlier days, mothers fed their babies by showing the sky and moon and telling the fantastic stories about the sky and the Impact Factor: 3.025 celestial bodies. That made them to think, imagine and develop on their creativity. That cheered them up to make the imagination to Citation: come alive. The beautiful story tellers have created valiant women Jenita Rani, G, Anish who could travel to the space to orbit around the celestial bodies. Banu, A., and S. Yes! It came true… Really we have to be proud to say that we have Nandhini. “Story sent our powerful women to the space. Tellers Who Spin in “As a Woman I have no country, as a Woman I want no country, Orpit of Space (Women as a woman my country is the whole world…” said Virgina Woolf. in Space).” Shanlax But as a woman her country is not only the world, Of course it is International Journal the whole universe, the whole space! Yes it is… of Arts, Science and Humanities, vol. -
RECOVERY HELICOPTERS by John Stonesifer
RECOVERY HELICOPTERS By John Stonesifer The planning throughout the Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Skylab, and Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) programs to recover astronauts from a water landing after returning from space was to use helicopters operating from a carrier-type ship positioned in the Planned Landing Area. Early Mercury flights (Shepard, Freedom 7; Grissom, Liberty Bell 7; Glenn, Friendship 7) were supported by Marine squadrons using UH34D helicopters (Photo #1) operating from carrier-type ships for the Atlantic ocean recoveries. Carpenter’s flight, Aurora 7 following Glenn’s orbital flight, was again planned to land in the Atlantic and be supported by the Marine helicopters aboard the USS Intrepid. Recovery support for Carpenter’s landing rapidly changed when it was learned the spacecraft landed approximately 250 miles downrange from the Planed Landing Area. The landing was beyond the range for the Marine helicopters to immediately depart for the landing area. Aboard the Intrepid was a squadron of the larger, faster, greater- range SH-3A Sea King helicopters (Photo #2) that were just recently introduced to the fleet. Their mission during this deployment was primarily to practice their role of anti- submarine warfare while at sea en route to the assigned recovery station. However, when information became available that Carpenter was a considerable range downrange, decisions were made to utilize the SH-3A helicopters rather than the UH34D helicopters to fly to the landing. The swim teams and photographers quickly transferred their gear to the SH-3As and they sped to the scene. At the scene, pararescue jumpers had already parachuted from an Air Force plane to install the flotation collar and render assistance to Carpenter in his raft. -
Space Biology Research and Biosensor Technologies: Past, Present, and Future †
biosensors Perspective Space Biology Research and Biosensor Technologies: Past, Present, and Future † Ada Kanapskyte 1,2, Elizabeth M. Hawkins 1,3,4, Lauren C. Liddell 5,6, Shilpa R. Bhardwaj 5,7, Diana Gentry 5 and Sergio R. Santa Maria 5,8,* 1 Space Life Sciences Training Program, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; [email protected] (A.K.); [email protected] (E.M.H.) 2 Biomedical Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 3 KBR Wyle, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA 4 Mammoth Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA 5 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; [email protected] (L.C.L.); [email protected] (S.R.B.); [email protected] (D.G.) 6 Logyx, LLC, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA 7 The Bionetics Corporation, Yorktown, VA 23693, USA 8 COSMIAC Research Institute, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-650-604-1411 † Presented at the 1st International Electronic Conference on Biosensors, 2–17 November 2020; Available online: https://iecb2020.sciforum.net/. Abstract: In light of future missions beyond low Earth orbit (LEO) and the potential establishment of bases on the Moon and Mars, the effects of the deep space environment on biology need to be examined in order to develop protective countermeasures. Although many biological experiments have been performed in space since the 1960s, most have occurred in LEO and for only short periods of time. These LEO missions have studied many biological phenomena in a variety of model organisms, and have utilized a broad range of technologies. -
Skylab Attitude and Pointing Control System
I' NASA TECHNICAL NOTE SKYLAB ATTITUDE AND POINTING CONTROL SYSTEM by W. B. Chzlbb and S. M. Seltzer George C. Marshall Space Flight Center Marshall Space Flight Center, Ala. 35812 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON, 0. C. FEBRUARY 1971 I I TECH LIBRARY KAFB, NM .. -, - ___.. 0132813 I. REPORT NO. 2. GOVERNMNT ACCESSION NO. j. KtLIPlbNl'b LAIALOb NO. - NASA- __ TN D-6068 I I 1 1. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. REPORT DATE L February 1971 Skylab Attitude and Pointing Control System 6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE __- I 7. AUTHOR(S) 8. PERFORMlNG ORGANlZATlON REPORT # - W... -B. Chubb and S. M. Seltzer I 3. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. WORK UNIT NO. 908 52 10 0000 M211 965 21 00 0000 George C. Marshall Space Flight Center I' 1. CONTRACT OR GRANT NO. Marshall Space Flight Center, Alabama 35812 L 13. TYPE OF REPORY & PERIOD COVERED - _-- .. .- __ 2. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AN0 ADORES5 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Technical Note Washington, D. C. 20546 14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE -. - - I 5. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Prepared by: Astrionics Laboratory Science and Engineering Directorate ~- 6. ABSTRACT NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center is developing an earth-orbiting manned space station called Skylab. The purpose of Skylab is to perform scientific experiments in solar astronomy and earth resources and to study biophysical and physical properties in a zero gravity environment. The attitude and pointing control system requirements are dictated by onboard experiments. These requirements and the resulting attitude and pointing control system are presented. 18 .- 0 1 STR inUT I ONSmTEMeNT Space station Control moment gyro Unclassified - Unlimited Attitude control -~ 9. -
Through Astronaut Eyes: Photographing Early Human Spaceflight
Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs Purdue University Press Book Previews Purdue University Press 6-2020 Through Astronaut Eyes: Photographing Early Human Spaceflight Jennifer K. Levasseur Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/purduepress_previews This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. THROUGH ASTRONAUT EYES PURDUE STUDIES IN AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS James R. Hansen, Series Editor Purdue Studies in Aeronautics and Astronautics builds on Purdue’s leadership in aeronautic and astronautic engineering, as well as the historic accomplishments of many of its luminary alums. Works in the series will explore cutting-edge topics in aeronautics and astronautics enterprises, tell unique stories from the history of flight and space travel, and contemplate the future of human space exploration and colonization. RECENT BOOKS IN THE SERIES British Imperial Air Power: The Royal Air Forces and the Defense of Australia and New Zealand Between the World Wars by Alex M Spencer A Reluctant Icon: Letters to Neil Armstrong by James R. Hansen John Houbolt: The Unsung Hero of the Apollo Moon Landings by William F. Causey Dear Neil Armstrong: Letters to the First Man from All Mankind by James R. Hansen Piercing the Horizon: The Story of Visionary NASA Chief Tom Paine by Sunny Tsiao Calculated Risk: The Supersonic Life and Times of Gus Grissom by George Leopold Spacewalker: My Journey in Space and Faith as NASA’s Record-Setting Frequent Flyer by Jerry L. Ross THROUGH ASTRONAUT EYES Photographing Early Human Spaceflight Jennifer K. -
Sex, Space and Environmental Adaptation: a National Workshop on Research Priorities on Sex Differences in Human Responses to Challenging Environments
Sex, Space and Environmental Adaptation: A National Workshop on Research Priorities on Sex Differences in Human Responses to Challenging Environments Sponsored by National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Center for Gender Physiology and Environmental Adaptation, University of Missouri November 12-14, 2002 University of Missouri Columbia, MO QuickTime™ and a Photo - JPEG decompressor are needed to see this picture. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Planning Committee 3 Workshop Participants 3-6 Preface 7-8 Acknowledgments 9 Executive Summary 10-13 Introduction 10 Scope of the Workshop 11 Summary Recommendations 12 Resources and Infrastructure Needed 13 Working Group Reports Working Group I Report: Musculoskeletal Physiology 14-19 Working Group II Report: Cardiovascular Alterations 20-24 Working Group III Report: Immune Function 25-28 Working Group IV Report: Neurovestibular/Neuroscience 29-30 Working Group V Report: Reproductive Biology 31-35 Working Group VI Report: Human Performance 36-42 and Behavior Appendix Participant Contact Information 43-51 Reference List 51-54 2 Participants Planning Committee Meredith Hay, Ph.D., (co-chair), Director, National Center for Gender Physiology & Environmental Adaptation, University of Missouri-Columbia Saralyn Mark, M.D., (co-chair), Senior Medical Advisor, NASA & U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women’s Health Bette Siegel, Ph.D., (co-chair), Enterprise Scientist, NASA Headquarters Ellen Baker, M.D., M.P.H., Astronaut and Medical Officer, NASA Johnson Space Center -
Gram, No In-Depth Cross-Correlation of the Voluminous Multidisciplinary Data Has Been Possible
SKYLAB: A BEGINNING NationaZ Aeronautics and Space Ahinistration I Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center "The Eagle has landed; Tranquillity Base here." This simple and now historic message of July 20, 1969, marked the attainment of perhaps the greatest peacetime goal in the history of man. It fulfilled President Kennedy's directive issued some 8 short, hectic years earlier, when he proclaimed on May 25, 1961 : "I bel ieve we should go to the moon . before this decade is out." It marked the culmination of a technically complex engineering accomplishment that began with Mercury and continued uninterrupted through Gemini and prelunar Apollo. The ultimate goal of these efforts was a manned lunar landing. None of these programs had as a major objective the detailed study of man's biomedical responses to the space environment, except in the broadest sense of survival and the ability to live and work effectively in that environment. Nevertheless, throughout each program, information con- cerning man and his new surroundings was obtained wherever possible and whenever practicable, ever mindful of the time constraints imposed by the lunar landing goal and the weight limitations of the launch vehicles. In these few days, the preliminary biomedical results of NASA's Skylab effort have been presented to you. A major goal of Skylab was to learn more about man and his responses to the space environment for missions lasting up to 84 days. The results are necessarily prelimin- ary, for in the short time which has elapsed since the end of the pro- gram, no in-depth cross-correlation of the voluminous multidisciplinary data has been possible. -
Spaceport News John F
Aug. 9, 2013 Vol. 53, No. 16 Spaceport News John F. Kennedy Space Center - America’s gateway to the universe MAVEN arrives, Mars next stop Astronauts By Steven Siceloff Spaceport News gather for AVEN’s approach to Mars studies will be Skylab’s Mquite different from that taken by recent probes dispatched to the Red Planet. 40th gala Instead of rolling about on the By Bob Granath surface looking for clues to Spaceport News the planet’s hidden heritage, MAVEN will orbit high above n July 27, the Astronaut the surface so it can sample the Scholarship Foundation upper atmosphere for signs of Ohosted a dinner at the what changed over the eons and Kennedy Space Center’s Apollo/ why. Saturn V Facility celebrating the The mission will be the first 40th anniversary of Skylab. The of its kind and calls for instru- gala featured many of the astro- ments that can pinpoint trace nauts who flew the missions to amounts of chemicals high America’s first space station. above Mars. The results are Six Skylab astronauts partici- expected to let scientists test pated in a panel discussion dur- theories that the sun’s energy ing the event, and spoke about slowly eroded nitrogen, carbon living and conducting ground- dioxide and water from the Mar- breaking scientific experiments tian atmosphere to leave it the aboard the orbiting outpost. dry, desolate world seen today. Launched unpiloted on May “Scientists believe the planet 14, 1973, Skylab was a complex CLICK ON PHOTO NASA/Tim Jacobs orbiting scientific laboratory. has evolved significantly over NASA’s Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft rests on a processing the past 4.5 billion years,” said stand inside Kennedy’s Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility Aug. -
Women in Astronomy: an Introductory Resource Guide
Women in Astronomy: An Introductory Resource Guide by Andrew Fraknoi (Fromm Institute, University of San Francisco) [April 2019] © copyright 2019 by Andrew Fraknoi. All rights reserved. For permission to use, or to suggest additional materials, please contact the author at e-mail: fraknoi {at} fhda {dot} edu This guide to non-technical English-language materials is not meant to be a comprehensive or scholarly introduction to the complex topic of the role of women in astronomy. It is simply a resource for educators and students who wish to begin exploring the challenges and triumphs of women of the past and present. It’s also an opportunity to get to know the lives and work of some of the key women who have overcome prejudice and exclusion to make significant contributions to our field. We only include a representative selection of living women astronomers about whom non-technical material at the level of beginning astronomy students is easily available. Lack of inclusion in this introductory list is not meant to suggest any less importance. We also don’t include Wikipedia articles, although those are sometimes a good place for students to begin. Suggestions for additional non-technical listings are most welcome. Vera Rubin Annie Cannon & Henrietta Leavitt Maria Mitchell Cecilia Payne ______________________________________________________________________________ Table of Contents: 1. Written Resources on the History of Women in Astronomy 2. Written Resources on Issues Women Face 3. Web Resources on the History of Women in Astronomy 4. Web Resources on Issues Women Face 5. Material on Some Specific Women Astronomers of the Past: Annie Cannon Margaret Huggins Nancy Roman Agnes Clerke Henrietta Leavitt Vera Rubin Williamina Fleming Antonia Maury Charlotte Moore Sitterly Caroline Herschel Maria Mitchell Mary Somerville Dorrit Hoffleit Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin Beatrice Tinsley Helen Sawyer Hogg Dorothea Klumpke Roberts 6. -
Towards Human Exploration of Space: the THESEUS Review Series on Muscle and Bone Research Priorities
www.nature.com/npjmgrav REVIEW ARTICLE OPEN Towards human exploration of space: the THESEUS review series on muscle and bone research priorities Thomas Lang 1, Jack J.W.A. Van Loon2, Susan Bloomfield3, Laurence Vico4, Angele Chopard5, Joern Rittweger6, Antonios Kyparos7, Dieter Blottner8, Ilkka Vuori 9, Rupert Gerzer10 and Peter R. Cavanagh11 Without effective countermeasures, the musculoskeletal system is altered by the microgravity environment of long-duration spaceflight, resulting in atrophy of bone and muscle tissue, as well as in deficits in the function of cartilage, tendons, and vertebral disks. While inflight countermeasures implemented on the International Space Station have evidenced reduction of bone and muscle loss on low-Earth orbit missions of several months in length, important knowledge gaps must be addressed in order to develop effective strategies for managing human musculoskeletal health on exploration class missions well beyond Earth orbit. Analog environments, such as bed rest and/or isolation environments, may be employed in conjunction with large sample sizes to understand sex differences in countermeasure effectiveness, as well as interaction of exercise with pharmacologic, nutritional, immune system, sleep and psychological countermeasures. Studies of musculoskeletal biomechanics, involving both human subject and computer simulation studies, are essential to developing strategies to avoid bone fractures or other injuries to connective tissue during exercise and extravehicular activities. Animal models may be employed to understand effects of the space environment that cannot be modeled using human analog studies. These include studies of radiation effects on bone and muscle, unraveling the effects of genetics on bone and muscle loss, and characterizing the process of fracture healing in the mechanically unloaded and immuno-compromised spaceflight environment.