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World Bank Document
Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized UNDERSTANDING GENDER IN AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAINS: THE CASES OF GRAPES/RAISINS, ALMONDS AND SAFFRON IN AFGHANISTAN Agriculture and Rural Development Unit Sustainable Development Department South Asia Region The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized May 2011 Report No. 62323-AF CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange rate effective as of July 2010) Currency unit = Afghani (Af) US$ 1.00 = 46.2 Af FISCAL YEAR March 21 – March 20 UNITS OF MEASURE 1 jerib 0.4942 acres or 2,000 square meters 1 ser 7 kilograms ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AAIDO Afghanistan Almond Industry Development Organization ACCI Afghanistan Chamber of Commerce and Industries Af Afghani (currency) AFSA Afghanistan Farm Service Alliance AMIP Agriculture Market Infrastructure Project ANDS Afghanistan National Development Strategy ANSA Afghanistan National Standardization Authority APPRO Afghan Public Policy Research Organization APTTA Afghanistan - Pakistan Transit Trade Agreement AREDP Afghanistan Rural Enterprise Development Program ASAP Accelerating Sustainable Agriculture Program ASMED Afghanistan Small and Medium Enterprise Development AWBC Afghan Women's Business Council AWBF Afghan Women's Business Federation b Billion CDC Community Development Council CSO Central Statistics Organization (Afghanistan) DACAAR Danish Committee for Aid to Afghan Refugees ECO Economic Cooperation Organization EPA Afghanistan Raisins, Fruits and Vegetables Export Promotion Agency EPAA Export Promotion Agency of -
Erkenntnismittelliste Afghanistan Stand: 30.09.2019
VGH Baden-Württemberg Erkenntnismittelliste Afghanistan Stand: 30.09.2019 Allgemeine Lageberichte Bericht über die asyl- und Lage in Afghanistan weiterhin volatil; Sicherheitslage regional stark unterschiedlich; abschiebungsrelevante Lage in AA 02.09.2019 Repression durch Staat findet im Regelfall nicht statt; Menschenrechte und humanitäre der Islamischen Republik Situation; Lage von Schiiten, Hindus, Sikhs, Christen, Baha'i; Lage für Rückkehrer Afghanistan (Stand: Juli 2019) Thematic Dossier XXII: Afghan Afghanistan Analysts Statistischer Überblick zu Migration von Afghanistan nach Europa und zurück, Rückgang der migration to Europe and beyond 25.06.2019 Network (AAN) Unterstützung für Migranten aus Afghanistan (2) Analyse der Staatendokumentation - Afghanistan - Informationen zu Provinz Herat; Arbeitsmarkt; Berufsausbildung; Urbanisierung; Dürre; Kinder; Schulbildung; BFA, Österreich sozio-ökonomischen Faktoren in 13.06.2019 Frauen und Rückkehr; Sicherheitslage; Nichtausübung von Islam; Ethnische Verteilung; der Provinz Herat auf Basis von Meldewesen Interviews im Zeitraum November 2018 bis Jänner 2019 Länderinformationsblatt der Friedensgespräche mit Taliban; Sicherheitslage nach Städten/Regionen; Religionsfreiheit, BFA, Österreich Staatendokumentation (Stand: 04.06.2019 Schiiten, Christen, Sikhs; Hindus, Baha'i, Juden; Ethnische Minderheiten, Paschtunen, Hazara, 04.06.2019) Tadschiken, Usbeken, Kutschi; Frauen, LGBT, Rückkehr, Taliban, Anschläge Key socio-economic indicators Wirtschaftliche Lage in Afghanistan und wichtigen Städten, -
Child Friendly School Baseline Survey
BASELINE SURVEY OF CHILD-FRIENDLY SCHOOLS IN TEN PROVINCES OF AFGHANISTAN REPORT submitted to UNICEF Afghanistan 8 March 2014 Society for Sustainable Development of Afghanistan House No. 2, Street No. 1, Karti Mamorin, Kabul, Afghanistan +93 9470008400 [email protected] CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 STUDY MODIFICATIONS ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 STUDY DETAILS ...................................................................................................................... 4 1.4 REPORT STRUCTURE ............................................................................................................... 6 2. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ........................................................................ 7 2.1 APPROACH .......................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................ 8 3. TRAINING OF FIELD STAFF ..................................................................................... 14 3.1 OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................ -
Murghab District, Badghis District Narrative Assessment 5 May 2010
(UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY) Murghab District, Badghis District Narrative Assessment 5 May 2010 By the Stability Operations Information Center (SOIC) Camp Julien, Kabul (UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY) (UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY) Table of Contents (U) Key Findings .......................................................................................................................................... 3 (U) Background & Methodology ................................................................................................................. 6 (U) Geography ............................................................................................................................................ 8 (U) Political History of Badghis .................................................................................................................. 11 (U) Popular Perceptions and Atmospherics .............................................................................................. 13 (U) Badghis’ Tajik-Pashtun Divide ............................................................................................................. 15 (U) Relationship with ISAF......................................................................................................................... 15 (U) Tribal Dynamics ................................................................................................................................... 17 (U) Security and Insurgency ..................................................................................................................... -
Who's Helping Who?NGO Coordination of Humanitarian
Who’s helping Who? NGO Coordination of Humanitarian Assistance With Special Reference to Afghanistan (1985 -2001) Arne Strand Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Post-War Recovery August 2003 University of York Department of Politics Post-War Reconstruction and Development Unit Abstract Abstract The subject of this thesis is the coordination of humanitarian assistance in complex political emergencies undertaken by non-governmental organisations (NGOs), primarily assistance directed towards forced migrants. The study aims to address the paucity of literature and theories on NGO coordination, and focuses primarily on the situation in Afghanistan during the period 1985 to 2001. The research is drawing on the author’s field experience and an extensive literature review outlining and discussing complex political emergencies, forced migration, NGOs and NGO coordination. An empirical investigations was carried out at village level in Herat, Afghanistan, in a highly conflict-ridden environment. Questions emerging from the primary field research were then followed-up through interviews and surveys among NGOs at a regional and national level in Afghanistan, and later broadened and compared with case studies from other conflict contexts. This in order to respond to the following hypothesis: The existing NGO coordination arrangement seems to serve primarily the interests of their NGO members, by promoting their organisational interests and facilitating interagency communication, rather than serving the interests of their intended beneficiaries. NGOs are willing to join a coordinating body, but they will remain reluctant to be directed by such a coordination structure if it limits their organisational independence. The major contribution of this thesis is the empirical findings on forced migrants knowledge and views on NGOs and the assistance they provide, and to what extent such assistance meet the needs of forced migrants. -
Krankheitsbezogenes Abschiebungsverbot Hinsichtlich Afghanistans
VG Augsburg, Urteil v. 01.10.2018 – Au 5 K 17.32950 Titel: Krankheitsbezogenes Abschiebungsverbot hinsichtlich Afghanistans Normenketten: AsylG § 3, § 4 AufenthG § 60 Abs. 5, Abs. 7, § 60a Abs. 2c Leitsatz: Auf im Herkunftsstaat vorhandene und grundsätzlich zugängliche Behandlungsmöglichkeiten kommt es nicht an, wenn diese wegen der insbesondere bei Vorliegen einer PTBS bzw. schwergradigen depressiven Episode im Herkunftsland zu erwartenden Retraumatisierung auf Grund der Konfrontation mit den Ursachen des Traumas für den Betroffenen nicht erfolgversprechend sind. (Rn. 63) (redaktioneller Leitsatz) Schlagworte: Afghanistan, Hazara aus ..., Einreise auf dem Landweg, Zuerkennung der Flüchtlingseigenschaft (verneint), keine Anknüpfung an asylrechtlich-relevantes Merkmal geltend gemacht, subsidiärer Schutz (vernein), Abschiebungsverbot (bejaht), fachärztliche nachgewiesene multiple psychische Erkrankung, Anforderungen an ärztliche Atteste, Asyl, Taliban, Aufenthaltsverbot, Gruppenverfolgung, Retraumatisierung, Depression Fundstelle: BeckRS 2018, 24572 Tenor I. Der Bescheid des Bundesamtes für ... vom 10. Mai 2017 wird in Nrn. 4 bis 6 aufgehoben. Die Beklagte wird verpflichtet, festzustellen, dass für den Kläger ein Abschiebungsverbot gemäß § 60 Abs. 7 Satz 1 Aufenthaltsgesetz (AufenthG) hinsichtlich Afghanistans vorliegt. Im Übrigen wird die Klage abgewiesen. II. Die Kosten des Verfahrens tragen der Kläger zu 3/4 und die Beklagte zu ¼. Gerichtskosten werden nicht erhoben. III. Das Urteil ist hinsichtlich der Kosten vorläufig vollstreckbar. Der jeweilige Vollstreckungsschuldner darf die Vollstreckung gegen Leistung einer Sicherheit in Höhe des zu vollstreckenden Betrags abwenden, wenn nicht zuvor der jeweilige Vollstreckungsgläubiger Sicherheit in gleicher Höhe leistet. Tatbestand 1 Der Kläger begehrt mit seiner Klage die Anerkennung als Asylberechtigter, die Zuerkennung der Flüchtlingseigenschaft sowie hilfsweise die Gewährung subsidiären Schutzstatus bzw. die Feststellung von nationalen Abschiebungsverboten nach § 60 Abs. 5 und 7 Aufenthaltsgesetz (AufenthG). -
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Weekly June 21, 2002 / Vol. 51 / No. 24 Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication — Pakistan and Afghanistan, January 2000–April 2002 Since 1988, when the World Health Assembly resolved to During 2002, one SNID round was conducted in January, eradicate poliomyelitis worldwide, the estimated global inci- and two rounds of NIDs were conducted in March and April. dence of polio has decreased 99% (1). Pakistan began polio Two additional SNID rounds will be conducted in June and eradication activities in 1994 and Afghanistan in 1997 (2). July, and full NIDs are planned for September and October. Although polio remains endemic in the two countries, both Surveillance and genetic sequencing data are being used to the incidence and the geographic distribution of poliovirus target polio-virus reservoir districts (i.e., districts in which have been reduced substantially. This report summarizes persistent year-round indigenous transmission occurs, par- progress toward eradicating polio in Pakistan and Afghani- ticularly during the low transmission season [January– stan during January 2000–April 2002. Both countries aim to March]). stop transmission of poliovirus by the end of 2002; however, Following subnational campaigns during 1994–1996 that the unstable security situation in the region might threaten included OPV and other antigens, NIDs for polio began in this success. Afghanistan in April and May 1997; since then, at least two rounds of NIDs have been conducted annually (4). During Routine Vaccination 2000, efforts were intensified by adding a house-to-house During 2000–2001 in Pakistan, reported routine coverage vaccination strategy and increasing the number of rounds of of infants with 3 doses of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV3) NIDs. -
SIPRI Yearbook 2001: Armaments, Disarmament and International
1. Major armed conflicts TAYLOR B. SEYBOLT I. Introduction The major armed conflicts in 2000 displayed characteristics that were similar to those observed for other years since the end of the cold war. The vast majority of the conflicts were intra-state rather than interstate. There were approximately equal numbers of contests for control of government and for territory.1 They often involved communal identity as a source of motivation. Virtually all the conflicts elicited the direct political, economic or military involvement of other states and multinational organizations. Africa and Asia continued to be the regions with the greatest number of conflicts, while the rest of the world was peaceful by comparison although not entirely at peace. This chapter reports on the actors and events of the most deadly conflicts in 2000. Appendix˚1A gives a quantitative overview of the major armed conflicts since the end of the cold war. For the purposes of this chapter, a major armed conflict is defined as the use of armed force between two or more organized armed groups, resulting in the battle-related deaths of at least 1000 people in any single year and in which the incompatibility concerns control of government, territory or communal identity. This definition is more inclusive than the one which applies to the data on major armed conflicts presented in appendix˚1A in that it does not require a government to be one of the parties to the conflict and takes into account conflicts that are motivated by communal identity and not clearly about control of government or territory. -
Communication for Conflict Resolution: the Pashtun Tribal Rhetoric for Peace Building in Afghanistan
Communication for Conflict Resolution: The Pashtun Tribal Rhetoric for Peace Building in Afghanistan Ghulam Farouq Samim Supervisor: Dr. Rukhsana Ahmed Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master‘s degree in Communication Department of Communication Faculty of Arts University of Ottawa © Ghulam Farouq Samim, Ottawa, Canada, 2011 THE PASHTUN RHETORIC FOR PEACE BUILDING IN AFGHANISTAN 2 Abstract Focusing on communication as an important means besides other efforts for conflict resolution in an asymmetric armed conflict in Afghanistan, this study looked for a rhetorical communication approach appropriate to Pashtun tribal setting in South-eastern (Loya Paktya region) Afghanistan. The study explored and found some perceived essentials of such persuasive communication by conducting face-to-face semi-structured in depth interviews with 17 participants. Thematic analysis was used to code and categorize data. Aristotle‘s rhetorical theory provided a framework for this qualitative study by narrowing down the focus to exploring credibility of the communicator (ethos), the rationality of the message (logos), and the emotional appeals (pathos), particular for the south-eastern Pashtun tribal setting, during communication. In addition, considering the relation between rhetorical and soft power theories in influencing the choice of an audience, this project also asked participants if and how communication in their tribal setting could be framed as an influencing power by attraction rather than by coercion. Therefore, soft power of which persuasive communication is a crucial part was also used as a theoretical framework for this study. The findings show the significance of persuasive communication in future conflict resolution efforts in Afghanistan. -
2010 Media Evaluation
Afghan Media in 2010 Priority District Report Herat City (Herat) October 13, 2010 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development by Altai Consulting. The authors view expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Afghan Media – Eight Years Later Priority District: Herat City (Herat) Contents 1 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................................................ 3 2 MEDIA LANDSCAPE ................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 MEDIA OUTLETS ................................................................................................................................................ 4 2.1.1 Television ............................................................................................................................................. 4 2.1.2 Radio .................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1.3 Newspapers ....................................................................................................................................... 16 2.2 NEW MEDIA .................................................................................................................................................. -
Jumping Plant-Lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of Afghanistan
ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA MUSEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE Published 30.vi.2012 Volume 52(1), pp. 1–22 ISSN 0374-1036 Jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of Afghanistan Igor MALENOVSKÝ1), Pavel LAUTERER1,2), Eugenia LABINA3) & Daniel BURCKHARDT4) 1) Department of Entomology, Moravian Museum, Hviezdoslavova 29a, CZ-627 00 Brno, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] 2) e-mail: [email protected] 3) Laboratory of Systematics of Insects, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] 4) Naturhistorisches Museum, Augustinergasse 2, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The psylloid fauna of Afghanistan is reviewed comprising, 32 identifi ed species, 15 of which are recorded from the country for the fi rst time, including Agonoscena klapperichi sp. nov. (Psyllidae: Rhinocolinae), which is formally described and illustrated. Additional illustrations are provided for Craspedolepta manica Baeva, 1978, Cacopsylla cf. nasuta (Horváth, 1904) and Trioza urticae Linnaeus, 1758. Another 5 species are represented by insuffi cient material and cannot be currently identifi ed. The bulk of the examined material comes from four expeditions by J. Klapperich, O. Jakeš, M. Daniel and E. S. Sugonyaev in the 1950’s and 1960’s. The psylloid fauna of Afghanistan remains poorly known and additional species can be expected. The biogeographical relationships and eco- nomic importance of the Afghan psylloid fauna are briefl y discussed. In addition, a new record of Psyllopsis securicola Loginova, 1963 from Iraq is provided. Key words. Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Psylloidea, taxonomy, distribution, new species, Afghanistan, Central Asia, Palaearctic Region Introduction Jumping plant-lice or psyllids, with some 4,000 described species worldwide, are usually highly host-specifi c plant-sap sucking insects. -
Jemaah Islamiyah in South East Asia
JEMAAH ISLAMIYAH IN SOUTH EAST ASIA: DAMAGED BUT STILL DANGEROUS 26 August 2003 ICG Asia Report N°63 Jakarta/Brussels TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... i I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 II. THE NETWORK IN AFGHANISTAN........................................................................ 2 A. THE KEY FIGURES ................................................................................................................2 B. IMPORTANCE OF THE BATTLE OF JAJI, APRIL 1987................................................................4 C. THE “MILITARY ACADEMY” AND ITS OFFSHOOTS ................................................................4 D. THE AFGHAN ALUMNI ..........................................................................................................7 III. CONSOLIDATION OF THE STRUCTURE ............................................................ 11 IV. THE MAKASSAR BOMBS......................................................................................... 13 A. WAHDAH ISLAMIYAH..........................................................................................................14 B. PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTING THE BOMBING ...................................................................15 V. TRAINING IN MINDANAO....................................................................................... 16 A. CAMP HUDAIBIYAH