DOCSLIB.ORG

Species Fact Sheet

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Species Fact Sheet SPECIES FACT SHEET Common Name: Lamb’s navel lichen (a.k.a. windward rocktripe) Scientific Name: Umbilicaria lambii Imshaug Division: Ascomycota Class: Lecanoromycetes Order: Umbilicariales Family: Umbilicariaceae Technical Description: Thallus stratified, crustose/squamulose, dark brown to black, to 3 mm thick, closely and broadly attached to substrate, upper surface divided into numerous polygonal plates; isidia and soredia lacking; green algal photobiont. Apothecia common. Spores not described. Chemistry: of little diagnostic value in the genus. Distinctive features: The crustose/squamulose growth form is unusual in a genus characterized by foliose, umbilicate thalli. Few species of other lichen genera exhibit the combination of traits that include a very dark upper surface composed of irregular polygonal plates, absence of perithecia, a geen algal photosymbiont, and a typical habitat of rock on exposed higher elevation (often subalpine- alpine) ridges. Similar species: The growth form of some Xanthoparmelia species can superficially resemble that of Umbilicaria lambii, but the thalli of these species are typically yellowish green to pale green. Life History: Details for Umbilicaria lambii are not documented. Given the absence of soredia and isidia within the species, it is reasonable to assume asexual reproduction by fragmentation of thalli plays some role in maintenance and spread of populations. Establishment of new thalli by sexual means is poorly understood in lichens, in general. Range, Distribution, and Abundance: Known from British Columbia, Alberta, western Montana, the Washington Cascades and Del North County, California. The Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria lists two records for Washington: Lewis County, Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Cowlitz Valley Ranger District, Butter Creek Research Natural Area (Riley, 7/1998); Skamania County, south slope of Mt. St. Helens on loop trail (McCune, 9/1977). It is reasonable to suspect presence of Umbilicaria lambii in rocky, exposed habitats at subalpine and alpine habitats on all Cascadian national forests in Oregon and Washington. Habitat Associations: Typically found on rock on exposed, higher elevation ridges. The site in Del Norte County, California, is on a wind and fog swept ridge at about 1700 m (5580 ft.) elevation, within 50 km (31 mi.) of the coast. The site in Lewis County, Washington is on rock at elevation of 5140 ft. on subalpine to alpine ridge with Abies lasiocarpa, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis and Tsuga mertensiana on lower slopes of ridge. The Skamania County, 1 Washington site is at elevation of 4640 ft. on a rocky promontory on subalpine boulder slope with scattered Abies lasiocarpa. Threats: Threats from local management actions such as prescribed fire, fire suppression, or livestock grazing would seem to be low at subalpine and alpine elevations. New road or trail construction could eliminate all or portions of small populations that were not detected prior to construction. Conservation Considerations: Consider efforts to relocate the known sites and conduct local surveys to better understand extent of local populations. Consider periodic monitoring visits to the re-located known sites. Consider surveys in appropriate habitats at subalpine and alpine elevations in the Oregon and Washington Cascades. Consider conducting pre-project surveys for any new trail or road construction at subalpine or alpine elevations on federal lands in the Oregon and Washington Cascades. Conservation rankings: G2G4; WANHP S1, proposed endangered; not listed by ORBIC. Preparer: Rick Dewey Date Completed: 6/18/2015 Edited by: Rob Huff Date Completed: 8/5/2015 References: Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria at www.pnwherbaria.org, visited 6/9/2015. Goward, Trevor, Bruce McCune and Del Meidinger. 1994. The Lichens of British Columbia, Illustrated Keys, Part 1 – Foliose and Squamulose Species. Ministry of Forests Research Program. McCune, Bruce and Linda Geiser. 1997. Macrolichens of the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University Press in co-publication with the U.S.D.A. Forest Service. Oregon Biodiversity Information Center. 2013. Rare, Threatened and Endangered Species of Oregon. Institute for Natural Resources, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon. 2 Peterson, Eric. 2003. Clarification of three Umbilicaria species new to California. Bulletin of the California Lichen Society 10(1), 2003. Washington State Department of Natural Resources. 2014. Washington Natural Heritage Program Proposed List of Rare Lichens at <www1.dnr.wa.gov/nhp/refdesk/lists/lichens.html> Accessed 6/9/2015. Ways of Enlichenment Photo Gallery @ www.waysofenlichenment.net/lichens Umbilicaria lambii Imshaug. Photographed by Jason Hollinger, British Columbia, Wells Gray, Raft Mountain, 8/20/2009, on alpine outcrop (det. by T. Goward). Photo accessed at http://www.waysofenlichenment.net 3 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Umbilicariaceae Phylogeny TAXON 66 (6) • December 2017: 1282–1303
    Davydov & al. • Umbilicariaceae phylogeny TAXON 66 (6) • December 2017: 1282–1303 Umbilicariaceae (lichenized Ascomycota) – Trait evolution and a new generic concept Evgeny A. Davydov,1 Derek Peršoh2 & Gerhard Rambold3 1 Altai State University, Lenin Ave. 61, Barnaul, 656049 Russia 2 Ruhr-Universität Bochum, AG Geobotanik, Gebäude ND 03/170, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany 3 University of Bayreuth, Plant Systematics, Mycology Dept., Universitätsstraße 30, NW I, 95445 Bayreuth, Germany Author for correspondence: Evgeny A. Davydov, [email protected] ORCID EAD, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2316-8506; DP, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5561-0189 DOI https://doi.org/10.12705/666.2 Abstract To reconstruct hypotheses on the evolution of Umbilicariaceae, 644 sequences from three independent DNA regions were used, 433 of which were newly produced. The study includes a representative fraction (presumably about 80%) of the known species diversity of the Umbilicariaceae s.str. and is based on the phylograms obtained using maximum likelihood and a Bayesian phylogenetic inference framework. The analyses resulted in the recognition of eight well-supported clades, delimited by a combination of morphological and chemical features. None of the previous classifications within Umbilicariaceae s.str. were supported by the phylogenetic analyses. The distribution of the diagnostic morphological and chemical traits against the molecular phylogenetic topology revealed the following patterns of evolution: (1) Rhizinomorphs were gained at least four times independently and are lacking in most clades grouping in the proximity of Lasallia. (2) Asexual reproductive structures, i.e., thalloconidia and lichenized dispersal units, appear more or less mutually exclusive, being restricted to different clades.
    [Show full text]
  • An Evolving Phylogenetically Based Taxonomy of Lichens and Allied Fungi
    Opuscula Philolichenum, 11: 4-10. 2012. *pdf available online 3January2012 via (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/) An evolving phylogenetically based taxonomy of lichens and allied fungi 1 BRENDAN P. HODKINSON ABSTRACT. – A taxonomic scheme for lichens and allied fungi that synthesizes scientific knowledge from a variety of sources is presented. The system put forth here is intended both (1) to provide a skeletal outline of the lichens and allied fungi that can be used as a provisional filing and databasing scheme by lichen herbarium/data managers and (2) to announce the online presence of an official taxonomy that will define the scope of the newly formed International Committee for the Nomenclature of Lichens and Allied Fungi (ICNLAF). The online version of the taxonomy presented here will continue to evolve along with our understanding of the organisms. Additionally, the subfamily Fissurinoideae Rivas Plata, Lücking and Lumbsch is elevated to the rank of family as Fissurinaceae. KEYWORDS. – higher-level taxonomy, lichen-forming fungi, lichenized fungi, phylogeny INTRODUCTION Traditionally, lichen herbaria have been arranged alphabetically, a scheme that stands in stark contrast to the phylogenetic scheme used by nearly all vascular plant herbaria. The justification typically given for this practice is that lichen taxonomy is too unstable to establish a reasonable system of classification. However, recent leaps forward in our understanding of the higher-level classification of fungi, driven primarily by the NSF-funded Assembling the Fungal Tree of Life (AFToL) project (Lutzoni et al. 2004), have caused the taxonomy of lichen-forming and allied fungi to increase significantly in stability. This is especially true within the class Lecanoromycetes, the main group of lichen-forming fungi (Miadlikowska et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution Patterns of Haplotypes for Symbionts from Umbilicaria Esculenta and U
    Cao et al. BMC Microbiology (2015) 15:212 DOI 10.1186/s12866-015-0527-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Distribution patterns of haplotypes for symbionts from Umbilicaria esculenta and U. muehlenbergii reflect the importance of reproductive strategy in shaping population genetic structure Shunan Cao1,2†, Fang Zhang1†, Chuanpeng Liu2, Zhihua Hao3, Yuan Tian4, Lingxiang Zhu5 and Qiming Zhou2,6* Abstract Background: The diversity of lichen fungal components and their photosynthetic partners reflects both ecological and evolutionary factors. In present study, molecular investigations of the internal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS nrDNA) region were conducted to analyze the genetic diversity of Umbilicaria esculenta and U. muehlenbergii together with their associated green algae. Result: It was here demonstrated that the reproductive strategy is a principal reason for fungal selectivity to algae. U. muehlenbergii, which disperses via sexual spores, exhibits lower selectivity to its photosynthetic partners than U. esculenta, which has a vegetative reproductive strategy. The difference of genotypic diversity (both fungal and algal) between these two Umbilicaria species is low, although their nucleotide diversity can vary greatly. Conclusions: The present study illustrates that lichen-forming fungi with sexual reproductive strategies are less selective with respect to their photobionts; and reveals that both sexual and vegetative reproduction allow lichens to generate similar amounts of diversity to adapt to the environments. The current study will be helpful for elucidating how lichens with different reproductive strategies adapt to changing environments. Keywords: AMOVA, Haplotype, Lichen, Mycobiont, Photobiont, Phylogenetic analysis Background communities, there seems to be a photobiont pool that Lichens are intimate and long-lived symbioses between allows different lichen species to share their photobionts photobionts (green alga or cyanobacteria) and myco- [3].
    [Show full text]
  • H. Thorsten Lumbsch VP, Science & Education the Field Museum 1400
    H. Thorsten Lumbsch VP, Science & Education The Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Chicago, Illinois 60605 USA Tel: 1-312-665-7881 E-mail: [email protected] Research interests Evolution and Systematics of Fungi Biogeography and Diversification Rates of Fungi Species delimitation Diversity of lichen-forming fungi Professional Experience Since 2017 Vice President, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago. USA 2014-2017 Director, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2014 Curator, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2013-2014 Associate Director, Integrative Research Center, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2009-2013 Chair, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2011 MacArthur Associate Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2006-2014 Associate Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 2005-2009 Head of Cryptogams, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. Since 2004 Member, Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago. Courses: BIOS 430 Evolution (UIC), BIOS 23410 Complex Interactions: Coevolution, Parasites, Mutualists, and Cheaters (U of C) Reading group: Phylogenetic methods. 2003-2006 Assistant Curator, Dept. of Botany, The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. 1998-2003 Privatdozent (Assistant Professor), Botanical Institute, University – GHS - Essen. Lectures: General Botany, Evolution of lower plants, Photosynthesis, Courses: Cryptogams, Biology
    [Show full text]
  • One Hundred New Species of Lichenized Fungi: a Signature of Undiscovered Global Diversity
    Phytotaxa 18: 1–127 (2011) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Monograph PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2011 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) PHYTOTAXA 18 One hundred new species of lichenized fungi: a signature of undiscovered global diversity H. THORSTEN LUMBSCH1*, TEUVO AHTI2, SUSANNE ALTERMANN3, GUILLERMO AMO DE PAZ4, ANDRÉ APTROOT5, ULF ARUP6, ALEJANDRINA BÁRCENAS PEÑA7, PAULINA A. BAWINGAN8, MICHEL N. BENATTI9, LUISA BETANCOURT10, CURTIS R. BJÖRK11, KANSRI BOONPRAGOB12, MAARTEN BRAND13, FRANK BUNGARTZ14, MARCELA E. S. CÁCERES15, MEHTMET CANDAN16, JOSÉ LUIS CHAVES17, PHILIPPE CLERC18, RALPH COMMON19, BRIAN J. COPPINS20, ANA CRESPO4, MANUELA DAL-FORNO21, PRADEEP K. DIVAKAR4, MELIZAR V. DUYA22, JOHN A. ELIX23, ARVE ELVEBAKK24, JOHNATHON D. FANKHAUSER25, EDIT FARKAS26, LIDIA ITATÍ FERRARO27, EBERHARD FISCHER28, DAVID J. GALLOWAY29, ESTER GAYA30, MIREIA GIRALT31, TREVOR GOWARD32, MARTIN GRUBE33, JOSEF HAFELLNER33, JESÚS E. HERNÁNDEZ M.34, MARÍA DE LOS ANGELES HERRERA CAMPOS7, KLAUS KALB35, INGVAR KÄRNEFELT6, GINTARAS KANTVILAS36, DOROTHEE KILLMANN28, PAUL KIRIKA37, KERRY KNUDSEN38, HARALD KOMPOSCH39, SERGEY KONDRATYUK40, JAMES D. LAWREY21, ARMIN MANGOLD41, MARCELO P. MARCELLI9, BRUCE MCCUNE42, MARIA INES MESSUTI43, ANDREA MICHLIG27, RICARDO MIRANDA GONZÁLEZ7, BIBIANA MONCADA10, ALIFERETI NAIKATINI44, MATTHEW P. NELSEN1, 45, DAG O. ØVSTEDAL46, ZDENEK PALICE47, KHWANRUAN PAPONG48, SITTIPORN PARNMEN12, SERGIO PÉREZ-ORTEGA4, CHRISTIAN PRINTZEN49, VÍCTOR J. RICO4, EIMY RIVAS PLATA1, 50, JAVIER ROBAYO51, DANIA ROSABAL52, ULRIKE RUPRECHT53, NORIS SALAZAR ALLEN54, LEOPOLDO SANCHO4, LUCIANA SANTOS DE JESUS15, TAMIRES SANTOS VIEIRA15, MATTHIAS SCHULTZ55, MARK R. D. SEAWARD56, EMMANUËL SÉRUSIAUX57, IMKE SCHMITT58, HARRIE J. M. SIPMAN59, MOHAMMAD SOHRABI 2, 60, ULRIK SØCHTING61, MAJBRIT ZEUTHEN SØGAARD61, LAURENS B. SPARRIUS62, ADRIANO SPIELMANN63, TOBY SPRIBILLE33, JUTARAT SUTJARITTURAKAN64, ACHRA THAMMATHAWORN65, ARNE THELL6, GÖRAN THOR66, HOLGER THÜS67, EINAR TIMDAL68, CAMILLE TRUONG18, ROMAN TÜRK69, LOENGRIN UMAÑA TENORIO17, DALIP K.
    [Show full text]
  • 9B Taxonomy to Genus
    Fungus and Lichen Genera in the NEMF Database Taxonomic hierarchy: phyllum > class (-etes) > order (-ales) > family (-ceae) > genus. Total number of genera in the database: 526 Anamorphic fungi (see p. 4), which are disseminated by propagules not formed from cells where meiosis has occurred, are presently not grouped by class, order, etc. Most propagules can be referred to as "conidia," but some are derived from unspecialized vegetative mycelium. A significant number are correlated with fungal states that produce spores derived from cells where meiosis has, or is assumed to have, occurred. These are, where known, members of the ascomycetes or basidiomycetes. However, in many cases, they are still undescribed, unrecognized or poorly known. (Explanation paraphrased from "Dictionary of the Fungi, 9th Edition.") Principal authority for this taxonomy is the Dictionary of the Fungi and its online database, www.indexfungorum.org. For lichens, see Lecanoromycetes on p. 3. Basidiomycota Aegerita Poria Macrolepiota Grandinia Poronidulus Melanophyllum Agaricomycetes Hyphoderma Postia Amanitaceae Cantharellales Meripilaceae Pycnoporellus Amanita Cantharellaceae Abortiporus Skeletocutis Bolbitiaceae Cantharellus Antrodia Trichaptum Agrocybe Craterellus Grifola Tyromyces Bolbitius Clavulinaceae Meripilus Sistotremataceae Conocybe Clavulina Physisporinus Trechispora Hebeloma Hydnaceae Meruliaceae Sparassidaceae Panaeolina Hydnum Climacodon Sparassis Clavariaceae Polyporales Gloeoporus Steccherinaceae Clavaria Albatrellaceae Hyphodermopsis Antrodiella
    [Show full text]
  • Editorial Back Matter
    April–June 2009 ... 511 Author Index—Volume one hundred eight Abbasi, M., see Khodaparast & Abbasi Afshan, N.S. & A.N. Khalid. New records of Puccinia & Pucciniastrum from Pakistan. 108: 137–146. 2009. Afshan, N.S., see Khalid & Afshan Aksoy, Ahmet, see Halıcı & al. Alvarado, P., see Moreno & al. Antonín, Vladimír, Jiří Polčák & Michal Tomšovský. Hypholoma tuberosum, a new representative of the Czech and Central-European mycobiota. 108: 41–47. 2009. Antonín, Vladimír, Rhim Ryoo & Hyeon-Dong Shin. Marasmioid and gymnopoid fungi of the Republic of Korea. 1. Three interesting species ofCrinipellis (Basidiomycota, Marasmiaceae). 108: 429–440. 2009. Aptroot, André & Kenan Yazici. Opegrapha pauciexcipulata, a new corticolous lichen from Turkey. 108: 155–158. 2009. Aslan, Ali, see Yazici & Aslan Barbero Castro, Mercedes, see Gómez Bolea & Barbero Castro Barreto, Robert W., see Lima & al. Baseia, Iuri G., see Cortez & al. Baseia, Iuri Goulart, see Trierveiler-Pereira & Baseia Bau, Tolgor, see Liu & Bau Bhat, D.J., see Dhargalkar & Bhat Bhat, D.J., see Prabhugaonkar & Bhat Blanco, M.N., G. Moreno, J. Checa, G. Platas & F. Peláez. Taxonomic and phylogenetic revision of Coniophora arachnoidea, C. opuntiae, and C. prasinoides. 108: 467– 477. 2009. Blehert, D.S., see Gargas & al. Bougher, Neale L. Status of the genera Hymenangium and Descomyces. 108: 313–318. 2009. Bougher, Neale L. Two intimately co-occurring species of Mycena section Sacchariferae in south-west Australia. 108: 159–174. 2009. Calonge, F.D., see Suárez & al. Candan, Mehmet, see Halıcı & al. Calatayud, Vicent, see Halıcı & al. Cavalcanti, Laise De Holanda, see Damasceno & al. Cavalcanti, Maria A.Q., see Santiago & al. Cavalcanti, M.A.Q., see Drechsler-Santos & al.
    [Show full text]
  • A Multigene Phylogenetic Synthesis for the Class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families
    A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families Miadlikowska, J., Kauff, F., Högnabba, F., Oliver, J. C., Molnár, K., Fraker, E., ... & Stenroos, S. (2014). A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 79, 132-168. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 Elsevier Version of Record http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 132–168 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska a, , Frank Kauff b,1, Filip Högnabba c, Jeffrey C. Oliver d,2, Katalin Molnár a,3, Emily Fraker a,4, Ester Gaya a,5, Josef Hafellner e, Valérie Hofstetter a,6, Cécile Gueidan a,7, Mónica A.G. Otálora a,8, Brendan Hodkinson a,9, Martin Kukwa f, Robert Lücking g, Curtis Björk h, Harrie J.M. Sipman i, Ana Rosa Burgaz j, Arne Thell k, Alfredo Passo l, Leena Myllys c, Trevor Goward h, Samantha Fernández-Brime m, Geir Hestmark n, James Lendemer o, H. Thorsten Lumbsch g, Michaela Schmull p, Conrad L. Schoch q, Emmanuël Sérusiaux r, David R. Maddison s, A. Elizabeth Arnold t, François Lutzoni a,10,
    [Show full text]
  • Photobiont Associations in Co-Occurring Umbilicate Lichens with Contrasting Modes of Reproduction in Coastal Norway
    The Lichenologist 48(5): 545–557 (2016) © British Lichen Society, 2016 doi:10.1017/S0024282916000232 Photobiont associations in co-occurring umbilicate lichens with contrasting modes of reproduction in coastal Norway Geir HESTMARK, François LUTZONI and Jolanta MIADLIKOWSKA Abstract: The identity and phylogenetic placement of photobionts associated with two lichen-forming fungi, Umbilicaria spodochroa and Lasallia pustulata were examined. These lichens commonly grow together in high abundance on coastal cliffs in Norway, Sweden and Finland. The mycobiont of U. spodochroa reproduces sexually through ascospores, and must find a suitable algal partner in the environment to re-establish the lichen symbiosis. Lasallia pustulata reproduces mainly vegetatively using symbiotic propagules (isidia) containing both symbiotic partners (photobiont and mycobiont). Based on DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) we detected seven haplotypes of the green-algal genus Trebouxia in 19 pairs of adjacent thalli of U. spodochroa and L. pustulata from five coastal localities in Norway. As expected, U. spodochroa associated with a higher diversity of photobionts (seven haplotypes) than the mostly asexually reproducing L. pustulata (four haplotypes). The latter was associated with the same haplotype in 15 of the 19 thalli sampled. Nine of the lichen pairs examined share the same algal haplotype, supporting the hypothesis that the mycobiont of U. spodochroa might associate with the photobiont ‘pirated’ from the abundant isidia produced by L. pustulata that are often scattered on the cliff surfaces. Up to six haplotypes of Trebouxia were found within a single sampling site, indicating a low level of specificity of both mycobionts for their algal partner. Most photobiont strains associated with species of Umbilicaria and Lasallia, including samples from this study, represent phylogenetically closely related taxa of Trebouxia grouped within a small number of main clades (Trebouxia sp., T.
    [Show full text]
  • A Higher-Level Phylogenetic Classification of the Fungi
    mycological research 111 (2007) 509–547 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycres A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi David S. HIBBETTa,*, Manfred BINDERa, Joseph F. BISCHOFFb, Meredith BLACKWELLc, Paul F. CANNONd, Ove E. ERIKSSONe, Sabine HUHNDORFf, Timothy JAMESg, Paul M. KIRKd, Robert LU¨ CKINGf, H. THORSTEN LUMBSCHf, Franc¸ois LUTZONIg, P. Brandon MATHENYa, David J. MCLAUGHLINh, Martha J. POWELLi, Scott REDHEAD j, Conrad L. SCHOCHk, Joseph W. SPATAFORAk, Joost A. STALPERSl, Rytas VILGALYSg, M. Catherine AIMEm, Andre´ APTROOTn, Robert BAUERo, Dominik BEGEROWp, Gerald L. BENNYq, Lisa A. CASTLEBURYm, Pedro W. CROUSl, Yu-Cheng DAIr, Walter GAMSl, David M. GEISERs, Gareth W. GRIFFITHt,Ce´cile GUEIDANg, David L. HAWKSWORTHu, Geir HESTMARKv, Kentaro HOSAKAw, Richard A. HUMBERx, Kevin D. HYDEy, Joseph E. IRONSIDEt, Urmas KO˜ LJALGz, Cletus P. KURTZMANaa, Karl-Henrik LARSSONab, Robert LICHTWARDTac, Joyce LONGCOREad, Jolanta MIA˛ DLIKOWSKAg, Andrew MILLERae, Jean-Marc MONCALVOaf, Sharon MOZLEY-STANDRIDGEag, Franz OBERWINKLERo, Erast PARMASTOah, Vale´rie REEBg, Jack D. ROGERSai, Claude ROUXaj, Leif RYVARDENak, Jose´ Paulo SAMPAIOal, Arthur SCHU¨ ßLERam, Junta SUGIYAMAan, R. Greg THORNao, Leif TIBELLap, Wendy A. UNTEREINERaq, Christopher WALKERar, Zheng WANGa, Alex WEIRas, Michael WEISSo, Merlin M. WHITEat, Katarina WINKAe, Yi-Jian YAOau, Ning ZHANGav aBiology Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA bNational Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information,
    [Show full text]
  • Piedmont Lichen Inventory
    PIEDMONT LICHEN INVENTORY: BUILDING A LICHEN BIODIVERSITY BASELINE FOR THE PIEDMONT ECOREGION OF NORTH CAROLINA, USA By Gary B. Perlmutter B.S. Zoology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 1991 A Thesis Submitted to the Staff of The North Carolina Botanical Garden University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Advisor: Dr. Johnny Randall As Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements For the Certificate in Native Plant Studies 15 May 2009 Perlmutter – Piedmont Lichen Inventory Page 2 This Final Project, whose results are reported herein with sections also published in the scientific literature, is dedicated to Daniel G. Perlmutter, who urged that I return to academia. And to Theresa, Nichole and Dakota, for putting up with my passion in lichenology, which brought them from southern California to the Traingle of North Carolina. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………….4 Chapter I: The North Carolina Lichen Checklist…………………………………………………7 Chapter II: Herbarium Surveys and Initiation of a New Lichen Collection in the University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU)………………………………………………………..9 Chapter III: Preparatory Field Surveys I: Battle Park and Rock Cliff Farm……………………13 Chapter IV: Preparatory Field Surveys II: State Park Forays…………………………………..17 Chapter V: Lichen Biota of Mason Farm Biological Reserve………………………………….19 Chapter VI: Additional Piedmont Lichen Surveys: Uwharrie Mountains…………………...…22 Chapter VII: A Revised Lichen Inventory of North Carolina Piedmont …..…………………...23 Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………..72 Appendices………………………………………………………………………………….…..73 Perlmutter – Piedmont Lichen Inventory Page 4 INTRODUCTION Lichens are composite organisms, consisting of a fungus (the mycobiont) and a photosynthesising alga and/or cyanobacterium (the photobiont), which together make a life form that is distinct from either partner in isolation (Brodo et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Genome-Wide Analyses of Biosynthetic Genes in Lichen
    Genome-wide analyses of biosynthetic genes in lichen - forming fungi Dissertation zu Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften vorgelegt beim Fachbereich Biowissenschaften der Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universität in Frankfurt am Main von Anjuli Calchera aus Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt (2019) (D 30) vom Fachbereich Biowissenschaften der Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universität als Dissertation angenommen. Dekan: Prof. Dr. Sven Klimpel Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universität D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Imke Schmitt Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universität D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Prof. Dr. Markus Pfenninger Institut für Organismische und Molekulare Evolutionsbiologie Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz D-55128 Mainz Datum der Disputation: 24.06.2020 This thesis is based on the following publications: Meiser,Meiser, A. A., Otte, J., Schmitt, I., & Dal Grande, F. (2017). Sequencing genomes from mixed DNA samples - evaluating the metagenome skimming approach in lichenized fungi. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 14881, doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14576-6. Dal Grande, F., Meiser,Meiser, A. A., Greshake Tzovaras, B., Otte, J., Ebersberger, I., & Schmitt, I. (2018a). The draft genome of the lichen-forming fungus Lasallia hispanica (Frey) Sancho & A. Crespo. The Lichenologist, 50(3), 329–340, doi:10.1017/S002428291800021X. Calchera,Calchera, A. A., Dal Grande, F., Bode, H. B., & Schmitt, I. (2019). Biosynthetic gene content of the ’perfume lichens’ Evernia prunastri and Pseudevernia furfuracea. Molecules, 24(1), 203, doi:10.3390/molecules24010203. VII Contents 1. Abstract ......................................... 1 2. Introduction ....................................... 4 2.1. Natural products from fungi..........................4 2.2. Natural products from lichens.........................5 2.3. Lichen genomics..................................7 2.4.
    [Show full text]