Korean War Veterans Memorial
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KOREAN WAR VETERANS MEMORIAL WALL OF REMEMBRANCE Applicant Project Address Drawings and Narrative Prepared by: NATIONAL PARK SERVICE National Mall HARTMAN-COX ARCHITECTS with HEALYKOHLER DESIGN 1100 Ohio Drive SW Independence Ave SW & Daniel French Dr SW 1074 Thomas Jefferson St NW Washington DC 20242 Washington DC 20007 Final Review Graphics Submission 202.333.6446 Point of Contact: Peter May [email protected] U.S. Commission of Fine Arts on behalf of: 202.619.7025 Filing Date: September 3, 2020 KOREAN WAR VETERANS MEMORIAL FOUNDATION, INC Meeting Date: September 17, 2020 The White House CONTENTS Project Narrative & Graphic Design Drawings Vietnam Veterans Memorial Project Narrative ............................................................. 2-3 Space Study ........................................................................ 4 Lincoln Washington Graphic Location Plan ......................................................... 5 Memorial Monument World War II Intro / First Panel Design .................................................. 6-7 Memorial Typical Name Panels ......................................................... 8-9 Korean War Veterans Memorial Typography ................................................................... 10-12 Dedication Panel .......................................................... 13-14 DC War United Nations Curb .................................................... 15-16 Memorial Casualties Curb ............................................................ 17-18 Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Appendix Alternate Design Studies ....................................................A.1 Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial Jefferson Memorial VICINITY MAP Final Graphics Package U.S. Commission of Fine Arts Korean War Veterans Memorial Wall of Remembrance September 17, 2020 Meeting | 1 Summary Pursuant to the guidance of the Final Design approval by the National Capital Planning Commission (May 2020) and the Commission of Fine Arts (April 2020), the graphics package submitted here represents the various text layouts and refurbishments intended for the Korean War Veterans Memorial Wall of Remembrance project. It includes a representative sample of the proposed layout of names on the new Wall of Remembrance (WoR), a new dedication panel adjacent to the existing one, as well as the planned renovations to the existing UN Curb and Casualty Curb. Intent The Wall of Remembrance is designed to powerfully display the complete human cost of the Korean War. It is intended for our Nation to show the significant numerical loss of this war— the intensity of those killed in action over a relatively short period of time is perhaps unknown by many. And to commemorate all those who bore the brunt of the sacrifice, which were predominantly the young enlisted service members and non-commissioned officers. This loss of lives is one of the true tragedies of war. The WoR will capture every sacrifice, for every family, and for a grateful Nation. It will immortalize those lost souls and remind all who pays the cost of freedom, because it is not free. Final Graphics Package U.S. Commission of Fine Arts Korean War Veterans Memorial Wall of Remembrance September 17, 2020 Meeting | 2 Examples of Memorials with Design Names, Service, and Rank: WWII West Coast Memorial Following the precedence of other memorials around the world, the Transitioning from one service to the next will be accomplished by names on the WoR will be listed by service and rank. The arrangement locating the service name centered on two columns at the top of the will follow the chronological order of the services (United States Army, panel at each instance. Similar to the first panel, the first rank will then United States Marine Corps, United States Navy, United States Air be centered on the single column below, with the names listed below Force) with ranks organized subsequently from lowest to highest and in alphabetical order and left justified. Ranks will always be custom then names listed in alphabetical order below. With this organization of centered on the column they are within given the variety of visual names, the WoR will visually demonstrate the young lives that bore the column widths that the names create. The Menin Gate Memorial to the Missing brunt of the sacrifice during the Korean War. Each stone panel will have identification numbers (1-100) located on The final list of killed in action (KIA’s) to be included on the wall contains the lower left side with the predominant service located on the lower 43,622 names. Further space studies were conducted after receiving the right side. This will assist with locating a specific name on the WoR and list to ensure that there was ample space on the new wall for the design provides a natural flow between adjacent panels that works well when layout and that the area of names would remain less than the name area transitioning between services. on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial—a previous guiding principle of the The proposed text to be used throughout the WoR project will be Syntax overall design. Additionally, the approximate number of panels for each font. An exhaustive search was conducted to determine the original font service was calculated and laid out on the WoR. used on the Memorial as no record of it was available with Syntax being Introduction text will be provided on the first panel of the WoR to the frontrunner. This font may have been originally selected given the provide context for the 43,622 names listed afterwards. Numerous similarity of the stroke treatment to Korean characters. memorial and commemorative examples were considered in developing A new dedication panel for the WoR is proposed to be incorporated the new suggested introduction text. This text has been centered on the into the Memorial adjacent to the existing dedication panel. The overall first panel and each line is on the radial curve of the WoR. Below that, layout is condensed to be smaller than the original including shorter text the typical design approach for service, rank, and names is incorporated. for the title. Individual text lines will be aligned between the two panels. The “United States Army” service title is centered above the first two columns on the panel, with the rank centered on the single column. UN Curb and Casualty Curb refurbishments will involve replacing Names are listed below the ranks in alphabetical order and are justified existing sandblasted contributing country names, UN emblems, and on the left side of the column. This organizational strategy was casualty curb information with stainless steel letters and medallions for developed to provide a visual difference that delineates the transition legibility and durability. Given the need to shorten the overall length of from service to service and rank to rank along the entire WoR. the UN Curb to align with the new WoR and avoid creating a tripping hazard, the design proposes to decrease the individual country curb Given the numbers of casualties in the lower ranks of the services, pieces and text to approximately 94% of the original length. The panels that contain only names will make up the majority of the WoR. letters on the UN Curb pieces will need to decrease from 8” to 7.5” Names are arranged in five columns per panel with ninety lines per to accommodate this. The Casualty Curb requires no adjustments to column. In instances where names are longer (less than 2% of overall the size of the text, but will be updated to reflect the actual number of names) than the typical column, the name will continue to an indented Dead, Missing, Captured and Wounded. second line. The lines of text for names will align from column to WWII East Coast Memorial column, panel to panel. Final Graphics Package U.S. Commission of Fine Arts Korean War Veterans Memorial Wall of Remembrance September 17, 2020 Meeting | 3 Name / Space Study UNITED STATES ARMY UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS UNITED STATES NAVY UNITED STATES AIR FORCE RANK SPELLED OUT COUNT RANK SPELLED OUT COUNT RANK SPELLED OUT COUNT RANK SPELLED OUT COUNT PRIVATE 11,845 PRIVATE 110 AIRMAN APPRENTICE 6 AIRMAN 9 PRIVATE FIRST CLASS 12,518 PRIVATE FIRST CLASS 2,492 FIREMAN APPRENTICE 16 AIRMAN THIRD CLASS 43 CORPORAL 6,309 CORPORAL 897 HOSPITAL APPRENTICE 2 AIRMAN SECOND CLASS 67 SERGEANT 2,685 SERGEANT 407 SEAMAN APPRENTICE 27 CORPORAL 34 STAFF SERGEANT 62 STAFF SERGEANT 122 AIRMAN 28 AIRMAN FIRST CLASS 76 SERGEANT FIRST CLASS 1,273 TECHNICAL SERGEANT 58 DENTALMAN 1 SERGEANT 1 MASTER SERGEANT 534 MASTER SERGEANT 35 FIREMAN 29 STAFF SERGEANT 180 SERGEANT MAJOR 1 WARRANT OFFICER 3 HOSPITALMAN 52 TECHNICAL SERGEANT 39 WARRANT OFFICER 45 SECOND LIEUTENANT 119 SEAMAN 59 MASTER SERGEANT 33 SECOND LIEUTENANT 454 FIRST LIEUTENANT 93 PETTY OFFICER THIRD CLASS 119 WARRANT OFFICER 1 FIRST LIEUTENANT 757 CAPTAIN 111 PETTY OFFICER SECOND CLASS 33 SECOND LIEUTENANT 102 CAPTAIN 290 MAJOR 43 PETTY OFFICER FIRST CLASS 44 FIRST LIEUTENANT 524 MAJOR 91 LIEUTENANT COLONEL 15 CHIEF PETTY OFFICER 25 CAPTAIN 347 LIEUTENANT COLONEL 32 COLONEL 4 ENSIGN 61 MAJOR 61 COLONEL 8 LIEUTENANT JUNIOR GRADE 79 LIEUTENANT COLONEL 23 BRIGADIER GENERAL 1 LIEUTENANT 55 COLONEL 12 MAJOR GENERAL 1 LIEUTENANT COMMANDER 12 GENERAL 1 COMMANDER 8 NAMES: 36,907 NAMES: 4,509 NAMES: 656 NAMES: 1,552 2% MORE LINES FOR LONG NAMES: 739 2% MORE LINES FOR LONG NAMES: 91 2% MORE LINES FOR LONG NAMES: 14 2% MORE LINES FOR LONG NAMES: 32 LINES FOR TITLING: 84 LINES FOR TITLING: 68 LINES FOR TITLING: 87 LINES FOR TITLING: 78 APPROX. LINES NEEDED: 37,730 4,668 757 1,662 ~84 panels ~10.25 panels ~1.75 panels ~3.75 panels Total Use Estimate: 44,817 Available Lines: 45,500 Difference: 683 Final Graphics Package U.S. Commission of Fine Arts Korean War Veterans Memorial Wall of Remembrance September 17, 2020 Meeting | 4 UN Curb ARMY ATES ST ED IT N WoR U First Panel Wall of Remembrance Casualties U N I Curb T E D S T A T E Dedication S UNITED STATES A AIR FORCE Panel R M UNITED STATES NAVY Y UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS U NIT ED STATES ARMY Final Graphics Package U.S.