New World Symphony Program I, March 2021
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CONCERTS FROM THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 2020-2021 The Irving and Verna Fine Fund in the Library of Congress NEW WORLD SYMPHONY PROGRAM I Friday, March 12, 2021 ~ 8:00 pm The Library of Congress Virtual Event The IRVING AND VERNA FINE FUND in the Library of Congress was established in 2000 through a generous bequest of Verna Rudnick Fine, a well-known arts administrator and the widow of American composer Irving Fine. The Fund promotes and supports modern American music through an ongoing program of concerts, commissions, and research endeavors into the life and works of Irving Fine and other American composers, conductors, and performers whose works are preserved in the Library of Congress. Facebook During-concert Chat Want more? Join other concert goers and Music Division curators during the concert for a chat that may include the artists, depending on availability. You can access this during the premiere and for a few minutes after by going to facebook.com/pg/libraryofcongressperformingarts/videos How to Watch Concerts from the Library of Congress Virtual Events 1) See each individual event page at loc.gov/concerts 2) Watch on the Library's YouTube channel: youtube.com/loc 3) Watch the premiere of the concert on Facebook: facebook.com/libraryofcongressperformingarts/videos Videos may not be available on all three platforms, and some videos will only be accessible for a limited period of time. The Library of Congress Virtual Event Friday, March 12, 2021 — 8:00 pm The Irving and Verna Fine Fund in the Library of Congress NEW WORLD SYMPHONY Program I 1 Program Carlos Simon be still and know (2015) Michael Rau, violin Amy Sunyoung Lee, cello Thomas Steigerwald, piano Charles Wuorinen (1938-2020) Horn Trio (1981) Jessica Elder, horn Katherine Kobylarz, violin Wesley Ducote, piano BÉla BartÓk (1881-1945) Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion, Sz. 110, BB 115 (1937) I. Assai lento–Allegro molto II. Lento, ma non troppo III. Allegro non troppo Wesley Ducote and Thomas Steigerwald, pianos Matthew Kibort, timpani and percussion Kevin Ritenauer, percussion • About the Program Carlos Simon, be still and know Composer Carlos Simon offers two mutually supportive accounts of the genesis of be still and know; the first is his program note and the second is transcribed from the introduction to this performance of his work by fellows of the New World Symphony. 2 From the composer: This piece was inspired by an interview with Oprah Winfrey in which she quoted: “I have felt the presence of God my whole life. Even when I didn't have a name for it, I could feel the voice bigger than myself speaking to me, and all of us have that same voice. Be still and know it. You can acknowledge it or not. You can worship it or not. You can praise it, you can ignore it or you can know it. Know it. It’s always there speaking to you and waiting for you to hear it in every move, in every decision.”1 From the composer’s video introduction: “This piece is very dear to me. As the son of a preacher, I’ve always known and felt something higher, a higher power. For me it was God; it’s God. And this piece is inspired by the presence of God in my life. I wrote this piece in a very difficult time, during my graduate study. I was dealing with a lot of issues personally and professionally, and I needed some sense of release, a sense of outlet, and music was the vehicle to do that. And so this piece is really meant for me to have some type of outlet, when I was writing it, to have some sense of therapy and using my composition as a… de-stressor of the things that I was going through. And the actual piece is meant to be meditative and solemn. I use the piece now whenever I’m going through something, and some sense of stress is sort of encapsulating my life, I use the piece to listen, and to be mindful of the now, what’s happening now. So I invite you, whether you are a believer or not, just to be mindful as you listen to the piece. Breathe. Relax. Take in the sounds that the performers are playing. Be in the moment, not thinking about the past nor the future, but right now. Thank you.” • 1 Oprah Winfrey, May 25, 2011, source provided by composer. 3 Charles Wuorinen, Horn Trio Charles Wuorinen passed away on March 11, 2020—a year and a day ago from the posting of this performance by fellows of the New World Symphony. The world has undergone tremendous change during that year, and I find myself wondering what Wuorinen’s artistic responses might have been. My hunch is that they would have been both of and beyond the times, a continuation of his confident artistic trajectory that yielded such a rich body of music. The Library of Congress commissioned several works by Wuorinen over the course of his career, including the Concertino for orchestra or 15 solo instruments and the Symphony Six, both commissioned through the Koussevitzky Music Foundation, and the Sonata for Violin and Piano, commissioned by the McKim Fund. The Horn Trio dates from 1981 and was commissioned by the virtuoso horn player Julie Landsman, who also commissioned a follow-up piece that Wuorinen called Horn Trio Continued (a title that channels his inner Babbitt). According to a review of the premiere performance posted on Wuorinen’s website, Wuorinen declined to offer program notes, stating in the program “…that the listener should simply listen.”2 With deference to Wuorinen’s wishes we urge you to simply listen, much as Carlos Simon compelled us in his introduction above. In this work, one of the great horn trios of the 20th century, Wuorinen exhibits the versatility of the ensemble and its capacity at times to ring with a single voice. David Plylar Senior Music Specialist Library of Congress, Music Division • 2 Porter, Andrew of The New Yorker, review from May 2, 1983, as quoted on https://www.charleswuorinen.com/compositions/horn-trio/ 4 BÉla BartÓk, Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion After the turmoil of World War I there were efforts on different fronts to heal the rifts between former adversaries. The arts in general, music specifically, have been a valuable means for cultural bridge-building and détente. One such effort resulted in the formation in Salzburg of the International Society for New Music (Internationale Gesellschaft für Neue Musik) on August 11, 1922, following the International Chamber Music Performances (Internationale Kammermusikaufführungen), which took place after the Salzburg Festival. After 1922 the organization was known as the International Society for Contemporary Music (ISCM). The festival in 1923 was devoted to chamber music; subsequently, orchestral music and various other genres were included. The ISCM eventually attracted members from countries all over the world, some with individual subsections. The Basel subsection of the Swiss section of the ISCM, at the suggestion of Swiss conductor and patron Paul Sacher, commissioned Bartók in mid- 1937 to write a work on the occasion of the group's jubilee in 1938. Wisely, the commission was stated in general terms and the decisions concerning instrumentation and genre were left up to Bartók. As Bartók himself explained in an essay he wrote, "I already had the intention years ago to compose a work for piano and percussion. Gradually the conviction grew stronger in me that one piano would not be in satisfactory balance in relation to the often rather penetrating timbre of the percussion instruments. The plan was therefore altered to the extent that two pianos instead of one would oppose the percussion instruments. When the I.S.C.M. of Basel requested last summer that I compose a work for their Jubilee Concert on January 16, 1938, I gladly accepted the opportunity to realize my plan."3 In July and August of 1937 he composed the Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion (BB 115). It has become one of Bartók's most performed works, almost as popular as the famous Music for Strings, Percussion, and Celesta (BB 114), composed in 1936, just before this commission. The sonata is scored for two pianos, three timpani, xylophone, snare drum, cymbals, bass drum, triangle, and tam-tam. This is the only piece of chamber music of Bartók's that includes percussion instruments. One percussionist plays the timpani and the other percussionist plays the xylophone. The rest of the percussion instruments are covered by 3 Bartók, Béla, "About the Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion," in Béla Bartók Essays, ed. Benjamin Suchoff (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1976), 417. 5 both percussionists. In the printed score, Bartók carefully provided instructions for the placement of the instruments on stage during performance and wrote explicit, detailed instructions about elements critical for performance, such as dynamics, phrasing, accents, which mallets to use for which instrument, and the quality of articulations, including specifying when the cymbals should be played with the edge of a pocket knife blade. Elements of performance such as balance and timbre are always important, but especially so in this work. Bartók and his wife, Ditta Pásztory-Bartók, and percussionists Fritz Schiesser and Philipp Rühlig, performed at the première, where the sonata was enthusiastically received. Shortly after the première, Hans Heinsheimer, music publisher, convinced Bartók to arrange it as a concerto with orchestra, which he did in 1940, as Concerto for Two Pianos with Orchestra (BB 121). The concerto uses the original instrumentation (two pianos and battery of percussion) as the solo group with the addition of orchestral accompaniment scored for flutes, oboes, bassoons, horns, trumpets, trombones, celesta, and strings.