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The Road to Universal Social Protection Systems and Floors Since the early 20th century, countries have advanced the development of social protection systems, covering today half of the world’s population. UN Member States are committed to extend social security to all, and have adopted international social security standards, the latest in 2012, the ILO Social Protection Floors Recommendation (No. 202). In 2015, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development agreed by all countries at the UN called upon governments to implement nationally appropriate social protection systems for all, including floors. The ILO’s 100th anniversary is a unique opportunity to reaffirm a shared commitment to achieving social justice and leaving no one behind. 100 years of social protection: the road to universal social protection systems and floors is a compendium of 100 country good practices in building national social protection systems including floors. 100 years of social protection: The volumes document how countries in Africa, the Americas and the The road to universal social Caribbean, Asia and the Pacific, and Europe have achieved universal coverage in the areas of child and maternity benefits, disability and old- age pensions, health and others; which financing sources countries protection systems and floors have allocated for the extension of social protection; what innovations governments have implemented to ensure that no one is left behind. The volumes also document historical perspectives to understand how national social security systems have advanced over the past decades. These country Volume I: 50 country cases experiences are useful for practitioners and policy-makers, to provide the basis for better informed policies. They also provide inspiration to all of us on ways to build the future that we want, a world where the human right to social protection is a reality for all. Edited by Isabel Ortiz Valérie Schmitt 100 years of social protection: The road to universal social protection systems and floors systems social protection universal to The road of social protection: 100 years Loveleen De ILO Compendium Cover 3.indd All Pages 15/01/19 12:09 100 years of social protection: The road to universal social protection systems and floors 100 years of social protection: The road to universal social protection systems and floors Volume I: 50 country cases Edited by: Isabel Ortiz Valérie Schmitt Loveleen De Copyright © International Labour Organization 2019 First published 2019 Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condi- tion that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to ILO Publications (Rights and Licensing), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: [email protected]. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. Libraries, institutions and other users registered with a reproduction rights organization may make copies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your country. 100 years of social protection: The road to universal social protection systems and floors: Volume I: 50 country cases / International Labour Office – Geneva: ILO, 2019 ISBN: 978-92-2-132823-0 (print) ISBN: 978-92-2-132824-7 (web pdf) The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them. Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the International Labour Office, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval. Information on ILO publications and digital products can be found at: www.ilo.org/publns. This publication was produced by the Document and Publications Production, Printing and Distribution Branch (PRODOC) of the ILO. Graphic and typographic design, layout and composition, printing, electronic publishing and distribution. PRODOC endeavours to use paper sourced from forests managed in an environmentally sustainable and socially responsible manner. Code: SOCPRO-JMB-ICA About the Authors Editors of the Compendium Ortiz, Isabel, Director, Social Protection Department, ILO. Schmitt, Valérie, Deputy Director, Social Protection Department, ILO. De, Loveleen, Social Protection Consultant, ILO. Authors of the Country cases Acuña-Ulate, Andrés, Social Security Actuary, Public Finance, Actuarial Services and Statistics Unit, Social Protection Department, ILO. Amgalan, Lkhagvademberel, National Project Manager, ILO, Mongolia. Ammon, Hans-Christoph, former Program Director, German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ). Barbero, Tomás, former Intern, Social Protection Department, ILO. Beccaria, Alejandra, former Social Protection Officer, ILO Office in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Behrendt, Christina, Head, Social Policy Unit, Social Protection Department, ILO. Binette, Geneviève, Social Protection Consultant, ILO. Blais, Emilie, International/Comparative Research Officer, Pôle Emploi, France. Bongestabs, André, Social Protection Technical Officer, ILO, Timor-Leste. Borges, Joana, Social Security Expert, ILO, Cabo Verde. Bruguière, Leslie, former Intern, Social Protection Department, ILO. Calero, Analía, Specialist in Employment and Social Protection, Ministry of Public Finance, Argentina. v 100 years of social protection: The road to universal social protection systems and floors Callais, Jean Pierre, Head, Department for International Relations and Cooperation, Pôle Emploi, France. Canonge, James, Social Protection Officer, Programming, Partnerships & Knowledge-Sharing Unit, Social Protection Department, ILO. Casalí, Pablo, Senior Social Security Specialist, ILO Decent Work Team and Country Office, Lima, Peru. Casanova, Luis, former National Programme Coordinator, ILO Office in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Castaño, Lina, former Director of Productive Inclusion and Sustainability, Department for Social Prosperity, Colombia. Chowdhury, Anis, Social Protection Consultant, ILO; and former Director Macroeconomic Policy and Development Division and Statistics Division, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UN ESCAP). Cosemans, Mies, Responsible for Communication Campaigns, 11.11.11, Belgium. Cummins, Matthew, Public Finance Specialist, UNICEF. Diekmann, Katharina, Advisor, German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ). Diop, Oumar, Senior Policy Officer, African Union Commission. Donne, Vincent, Benchmark and Research Officer, Pôle Emploi, France. Durán-Valverde, Fabio, Head, Public Finance, Actuarial Services and Statistics Unit, Social Protection Department, ILO. Earl, Frank, former Executive Manager of Social Benefits, South African Social Security Agency, South Africa. Gangapersad, Vijay, Deputy Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Social Development and Family Services, Trinidad and Tobago. Giroud-Castiella, Victoria, Social Protection Officer, Programming, Partnerships & Knowledge-Sharing Unit, Social Protection Department, ILO. Hirose, Kenichi, Senior Social Protection Specialist, ILO Decent Work Team and Country Office for Central and Eastern Europe, Budapest, Hungary. Hu, Aidi, former Regional Coordinator and Senior Social Security Specialist, Social Policy Unit, Social Protection Department, ILO. vi About the Authors Karunanethy, Kalaivani, former Intern, Social Protection Department, ILO. Kelobang, Kagisanyo, Social Protection Analyst, Public Finance, Actuarial Services and Statistics Unit, Social Protection Department, ILO. Laure, Anna, former Intern, Social Protection Department, ILO. Le Roy, Pascale, Programme Manager, Social Heath protection, Group for Research and Technology Exchanges (GRET), France. Linsen, Jurriaan, UCLA Senior Communications Associate, former Intern, Social Protection Department, ILO. Lloret, Christina, Junior Actuary and Policy Analyst, Enterprises Department, ILO. Markov, Kroum, Social Protection Policy Specialist, Social Policy Unit, Social Protection Department, ILO. Méndez, Eduardo, Director, Center for Social Security, Health and Administration Studies, Banco de Previsión Social, Uruguay. Mina Rosero, Lucía, Social Protection Consultant, Colombia. Naicker, Pathamavathy, General Manager, Monitoring and Evaluation, South African Social Security Agency, South Africa. Nasan-Ulzii, Enkhnasan, Chief, Social Policy, UNICEF. Nesterenko, Valeria, Data Officer, Public Finance, Actuarial Services and Statistics Unit, Social Protection Department, ILO. Ong, Cheng Boon, Economic Security Data and Analysis Specialist, International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC); previously Social Protection Consultant, ILO. Ortiz-Vindas, José Francisco, Social Protection Officer, ILO Office in San José, Costa Rica. Pal, Karuna, Head, Programming, Partnerships & Knowledge-Sharing Unit, Social Protection Department, ILO. Peyron-Bista, Céline, Senior Social Security
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