DOCSLIB.ORG

Dynamics of Humanitarian Assistance to Refugees in the East Region Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dynamics of Humanitarian Assistance to Refugees in the East Region Of IAR Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies ISSN Print : 2709-3328 | ISSN Online : 2709-3336 Frequency : Bi-Monthly Language : English Origin : Kenya Website : https://www.iarconsortium.org/journal-info/iarjhcs Research Article Dynamics of Humanitarian Assistance to Refugees in the East Region of Cameroon: The Case of Frontline Villages along the Cameroon-Republic of Central African Boundary Article History Abstract: Charity and philanthropic aid have been embodied for centuries in most cultures and religions. Early examples abound of actions by religious Received: 05.09.2020 institutions and subsequently by states, through related institutional and Accepted: 02.10.2020 Ministerial Departments to alleviate situations of man-made suffering or natural Revision: 09.10.2020 disasters. This paper looks the chronological shift in the dynamics of humanitarian assistance of self-rule era to that of late colonial, to non-nationals Published: 10.10.2020 within the frontline villages of the East Region of Cameroon with the Republic of Central Africa. From the analyses viewed, this paper shows that humanitarian Author Details assistance in the late colonial era within the frontline villages of the present day East Region of Cameroon with the Republic of Central Africa was not Reymond Njingti Budi1 & Christian 2 institutionalized as to that of post self-rule institutionalized style, regulated and Nkatow Mafany enforced by International Conventions and Protocols helmed by the United Authors Affiliations Nations’-refugee organ. The nature of late colonial assistance reached 1PhD Research Candidate, Department of humanitarian migrants in forms of Zakatand Sadaka provided by humanitarian History and Archaeology, The University of philanthropists and French missionaries as well as in the form of waqf from the Bamenda, Cameroon Islamic communities as prescribed by the Quran as one of the great pillars. With st the acquisition of self-rule on the 1 of January 1960, Ministerial Departments 2PhD Research Fellow, Department of were created, coupled with Cameroon being a signatory of the UN, the United History, The University of Yaoundé, Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR)through its multi-facet Cameroon implementing humanitarian partners with the presence of over 350.000 refugees Corresponding Author* from Central African Republic in the frontline villages of the East Region of Cameroon with Central Africa, extended organized humanitarian assistance to the Reymond Njingti Budi st refugees since the past two three decades of the 21 century. The non-refoulement How to Cite the Article: law outlined by all international, regional and national instruments was respected Reymond Njingti Budi & Christian Nkatow by the government of the Republic of Cameroon. This was followed by the Mafany; (2020); Dynamics of Humanitarian provision of planned humanitarian assistance by the partners of UNHCR to the Assistance to Refugees in the East Region of Cameroon: The Case of Frontline Villages along the refugees within the frontline villages in the forms of food, identification papers, Cameroon-Republic of Central African Boundary. protection against sexual violence, enforcement of peaceful coexistence, provision IAR J Human Cul. Stud. 1(1)48-61. of shelter and the integration of the refugees into basic education, all governed by Copyright @ 2020: This is an open-access article humanitarian principles. This clear contrast emanated as a result of the change in distributed under the terms of the Creative era and the birth of international instruments governing the provision of aid to Commons Attribution license which permits humanitarian migrants. unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non commercial use Keywords: Shifting Dynamics, Humanitarian Assistance, Refugees, Late- (NonCommercial, or CC-BY-NC) provided the Colonial and Post-colonial periods. original author and source are credited. INTRODUCTION Humanitarian assistance from recent developmental discourses has shifted greatly from the late colonial non- institutionalized style. To crown it, humanitarian assistance provided in situations of wars and disasters by donor governments, international organizations like the United Nations (UN), and particularly, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in situations of concern has saved hundreds of thousands, perhaps even millions, of lives within Sub Saharan Africa, South America and in Middle East (Smoc 2005, p.2). The East Region of Cameroon by 2014 hosted almost 631,000 Refugees from Central African Republic in total (European Commission 2016, p.1). Over 72,000 Nigerian refugees by 2013 sought refuge in the Far North Region of Cameroon (European Commission 2016, p.1). The situation constituted a huge challenge for local administrations and communities, which made it critical for the provision of emergency aid to meet basic needs of the humanitarian migrants. The provision of food and medical supplies to refugees, Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), and those near the battlefields in Rwanda, Zaire, Sudan, Republic of Central Africa, frontline villages of the East Region of Cameron with the Republic of Central Africa and elsewhere constituted one of the most heroic and life-preserving activities of the 21st century. This paper aims at cross examining the post-colonial humanitarian assistance has shifted from the late colonial non-institutionalized style within the present- day villages bordering the East Region of Cameroon with Central African Republic as a result of the massive influx of 48 Reymond Njingti Budi & Christian Nkatow Mafany; IAR J Human Cul Stud; Vol-1, Iss- 1 (Sep-Oct, 2020):48-61 over 350.000 Central African refugees into the East Region of Cameroon within the last two decades of the 21st century as a resulted of the 2011-post electoral violence. The frontline villages from which this paper takes it spatial territorial delimitation are the villages within the East Region of Cameroon under the coverage of the Kwo, Gbaya, Kako’o, Baka, Mpoman and the Bowalla nations.Most of these villages along the frontiers of the East Region of Cameroon with Central African Republic had hosted a sizeable number of Externally Displaced Persons (EDPs) from the Central African Republic and other Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) from other regions of the Republic of Cameroon. The frontline host communities are Yamba, Bo rgop, Ngam, Ngaoui, Meiganga, Gbatoua Ngodole, Gado, Betare Oya, Gbiti, Timangolo, Lolo, Kentzou, Mbile, Gari-Gombo, Yokadouma, Mboy (See Map 1). Map 1: Showing Frontline Villages of the East Region of Cameroon with Central African Republic Source: Map Adapted by the Author from UNCS, UNHCR, p.2. Most of the EDPs in these frontline border villages of the East Region of Cameroon with Central African Republic came into region as a result of the numerous civil unrests within the Central African Republic since her accession to independent in 1960. The most remarkable trends of cross border movements were witnessed in the 21st century, as a result of the post-2011 electoral crisis in that country. This resulted to the massive migration of over 223.750 Central Africans into the frontline villages of the East Region of Cameroon with Central Africa Republic as refugees. Legal Instruments Governing Status of Displaced Persons Humanitarian assistance is one of the main provisions outlined in International Humanitarian Laws (IHL) adopted during the Geneva Conference of 1949 (Mafany 2019, p.12). Republic of Cameroon since 1960 has gone down in the annals of History as a haven of sanctuary to humanitarian migrants in the turbulent Communaute Economique et 49 Reymond Njingti Budi & Christian Nkatow Mafany; IAR J Human Cul Stud; Vol-1, Iss- 1 (Sep-Oct, 2020):48-61 Monataire D’Afrique Centrale (CEMAC) zone. As a sphere of peace, she ratified the 1951 Convention and Protocols Relating to the Status of Refugees. Cameroon was part of the 30th October 1961 Convention and also ratified the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees in September 1967 whereby the different signatories agreed to apply most of the articles of the Refugee Convention to all persons covered by the Protocol’s refugee definition (Protocol 1967, p. 1). Finally, she was a signatory to the 1969 Organization of African Unity’s (OAU’s) Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugees’ Problems in Africa that entered into force on the 20th June 1974 (Protocol 1967, p. 1). The lower house of Cameroon’s assembly on the12th of July 2005 came out with her own internal set of bill relating, governing the status and protection of refugees in Cameroon enacted into a bill by the head of state in law No.777/PJL/AN of 2005 (Cameroon Refugee Law 2005, p. 5). From the onset, the UNHCR has been the sole “Holy Sea” institution that was created in 1951 and was implanted in Cameroon in May 1982, vested with the primary duties of seeing into the plights of humanitarian migrants (UNGA Resolution 429 V 1950). This institution with bases in almost crises stricken countries was the sole institution that worked with her related implementing international partners 1 in Cameroon, particularly in the East Region of Cameroon guaranteeing the legal protection of internally and internationally displaced persons within the recent decade of the 21st century. The national institutional partners2 were government’s Ministerial Departments which were formally, led by Ministry of External Relations (MINREX). With all these inter-connected institutional frameworks, the internally and the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 5W Crise Centrafricaine 20210114
    CAMEROUN : Qui Fait Quoi Où - Crise Centrafricaine (Décembre 2020) Ministères et Acteurs ONGs ONGs Acteur du secteur Systemes des Mouvement Acteurs dans 100 52 Gouvernementaux 20 Internationales 12 Nationales 09 Privé 05 Nations Unies 02 Croix Rouge ACEFA; ASAD; CAMB; CEAC; CEFAID; Centre Social; CFAR; ACF; ADEES; ADES; ADRA; AHA; ADEES; AJLC; APCRE; APROSPEN; CFGP; Crédit du Sahel; EFA. Express PAM; OMS; UNFPA; UNICEF, CICR; CRF l’ADAMAOUA CFHMB; CFR; CMPJ; Commune (Batouri; Bétaré Oya; Djohong; AIRD; ASSAD; CARE; CODAS-CARI- ASOPEV; GRADE; Help the children; Exchange; Express Union; FODEC; LA UNHCR Gari Gombo; Garoua Boulaï; Kentzou; Kette; Madingring; Mandjou; l’EST TAS; DRC; GIZ; IMC; INTERSOS; JRS; IITA; NS; PC; Respect Cameroun; REGIONALE; MC2; NTACCUL Meiganga; Ngaoui; Ngoura; Ouli; Salapoumbe; Touboro); CPFF; LWF; NRC; PLAN INTERNATIONAL; WARDA le NORD FEK; FNE; MARABA; MINAS; MINEDUB; MINEE; MINEFOP; PUI; SAILD; SI MINEPDED; MINESEC; MINESUP; MINFOP; MINJEC; MINJUS- TICE; MINPMEESA; MINPROFF; MINSANTE; PAJERU; PAREC Accord de partenariats avec le HCR (IDA18); PFS IDA18; PIAASI; PNDP; PPSE; PRODEL; PROSAPVA; Ces partenaires inclus les partenaires de developpement selon la vision du Nexus (Humanitaire - Devéloppement) PRPSS (IDA18); SAR/SM REPARTITION DES ACTEURS PAR SECTEURS D’INVENTION REPARTITION PAR DEPARTEMENT SECTEURS PARTENAIRES # EXTREME - NORD 01 Logistique AIRD 10 MAYO LOUTI CCCM AIRD 01 ADES; FICR; UNHCR LEGENDE 12 Abris & NFI 03 Nombre de partenaire BENOUE par département 1 5 10 15 25 52 WASH ADES; ADRA; LWF; MINEE;
    [Show full text]
  • Procurement Plan
    Procurement Plan Community Development Program Support Project – Phase III (Programme National de Développement Participatif – Phase III) Public Disclosure Authorized I. General 1. Bank’s approval Date of the procurement Plan [Original: February 2016]: Revision of Updated Procurement Plan, May 05, 2017 2. Date of General Procurement Notice: February 15, 2016 3. Period covered by this procurement plan: The procurement period of project covered from year January to December 2017 II. Goods and Works and non-consulting services. 1. Prior Review Threshold: Procurement Decisions subject to Prior Review by the Bank as Public Disclosure Authorized stated in Appendix 1 to the Guidelines for Procurement: Procurement Method Prior Review Threshold Comments US$ 1. ICB and LIB (Goods) Above US$ 1,500,000 All 2. NCB (Goods) None 3. ICB (Works) Above US$ 5 million All 4. NCB (Works) Above US$ 5 million 5. DC (Non-Consultant Services) none 2. Prequalification. Not applicable. Public Disclosure Authorized 3. Proposed Procedures for CDD Components (as per paragraph. 3.17 of the Guidelines: Procurement (works, goods and services) for subprojects of communes, such as small infrastructure, social infrastructure, classrooms, health centers, community halls, , minor works or rehabilitation, will be procured on the basis of community participation in accordance with the clause 3.19 of the World Bank Procurement Guidelines (Community Participation in Procurement), and the Guidelines for Simplified Procurement and Disbursement for Community-Based Investments (March 3, 1998) detailed in the specific manual or guidelines to communes approved by the bank. 4. Reference to (if any) Project Operational/Procurement Manual: Guide des Acteurs intervenant dans le processus de passation et de l’exécution des marchés communaux financés par le PNDP – Juin 2010, révisé en Janvier 2016 Public Disclosure Authorized 5.
    [Show full text]
  • EST Journal Des Proj
    REPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON PAIX - TRAVAIL - PATRIE PEACE - WORK - FATHERLAND DETAILS DES PROJETS PAR REGION, DEPARTEMENT, CHAPITRE, PROGRAMME ET ACTION OPERATIONS BOOK PER REGION, DIVISION, HEAD, PROGRAMME AND ACTION Exercice/ Financial year : 2017 Région EST Region EAST Département LOM-ET-DJEREM Division En Milliers de FCFA In Thousand CFAF Année de Tâches démarrage Localité Montant AE Montant CP Tasks Starting Year Locality Montant AE Montant CP Chapitre/Head MINISTERE DE L'ADMINISTRATION TERRITORIALE ET DE LA DECENTRALISATION 07 MINISTRY OF TERRITORIAL ADMINISTRATION AND DECENTRALIZATION Bertoua: Réhabiloitation des servcices du Gouverneur de la Région de l'Est Nkol-Bikon 55 000 55 000 2 017 Bertoua: Rehabiloitation of Governor's Office Ngoura: Règlement de la première phase des travaux de construction de la Sous- NGOURA 50 000 50 000 Préfecture 2 017 Ngoura: Payement of the first part of the construction of the Sub-Divisional Office Bertoua II: Règlement des travaux de construction de la résidence du Sous-Préfet BERTOUA 3 050 3 050 2 017 Bertoua II: Payment of the construction of the residence of the DO Total Chapitre/Head MINATD 108 050 108 050 Chapitre/Head MINISTERE DES MARCHES PUBLICS 10 MINISTRY OF PUBLIC CONTRACTS DR MINMAP EST: Travaux de réhabilitation de la délégation régionale Bertoua 25 000 25 000 2 017 RD MINPC East : Rehabilitatioon woks of the delegation Total Chapitre/Head MINMAP 25 000 25 000 Chapitre/Head MINISTERE DE LA DEFENSE 13 MINISTRY OF DEFENCE 11° BA: Construction salle opérationnelle modulable
    [Show full text]
  • Joshua Osih President
    Joshua Osih President THE STRENGTH OF OUR DIVERSITY PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 2018 JOSHUA OSIH | THE STRENGTH OF OUR DIVERSITY | P . 1 MY CONTRACT WITH THE NATION Build a new Cameroon through determination, duty to act and innovation! I decided to run in the presidential election of October 7th to give the youth, who constitute the vast majority of our population, the opportunity to escape the despair that has gripped them for more than three decades now, to finally assume responsibility for the future direction of our highly endowed nation. The time has come for our youth to rise in their numbers in unison and take control of their destiny and stop the I have decided to run in the presidential nation’s descent into the abyss. They election on October 7th. This decision, must and can put Cameroon back on taken after a great deal of thought, the tracks of progress. Thirty-six years arose from several challenges we of selfish rule by an irresponsible have all faced. These crystalized into and corrupt regime have brought an a single resolution: We must redeem otherwise prosperous Cameroonian Cameroon from the abyss of thirty-six nation to its knees. The very basic years of low performance, curb the elements of statecraft have all but negative instinct of conserving power disappeared and the citizenry is at all cost and save the collapsing caught in a maelstrom. As a nation, system from further degradation. I we can no longer afford adequate have therefore been moved to run medical treatment, nor can we provide for in the presidential election of quality education for our children.
    [Show full text]
  • Unhcr Fact Sh
    CAMEROON FACTSHEET April 2017 278,136 93,422 223,642 From Central African Republic registered Nigerian refugees in the Far North Internally Displaced Persons in by UNHCR, of which 259,145 refugees in region (of which 62,829 have been the Far North region (sources: rural areas of East, Adamawa and North registered in Minawao camp) DTM by IOM as of March 2017 and UNHCR protection regions, and 18,991 in the urban areas of monitoring Flash Updates) Yaounde and Douala Population of concern Funding situation (including UNHCR’s regular country Programme). The operation is 17% funded (US$ 16.0 m received out of 94.2 m requested. The overall funding gap for UNHCR Cameroon amounts hence to US$ 78.3 m) 644,479 people of concern to UNHCR CAR Situation Nigeria Situation UNHCR Cameroon UNHCR Cameroon budgetary requirements: budgetary requirements: US$ 55.5 million US$ 38.7 million Details 04 Apr 2017 04 Apr 2017 5% CAR (East, Adamawa 259,145 6% and North) Nigeria 93,422 SHEET Urban refugees* 20,778 Asylum seekers* 4,057 95% 94% IDPs 223,642 IDP returnees** 43,435 Funded Unmet needs Funded Unmet needs Total 644,479 FACT *Incl. CAR and Nigerian living in urban areas **Incl. 5,302 Cameroonian Nationals who returned from foreign countries UNHCRUNHCR Presence Presence Staff:Staff: 238 2 37 54 International staff 56 International staff 137 National staff 136 National staff 46 UN Volunteers (11 International and 35 UNHCR National) Offices: 7 offices: Branch Office – Yaoundé Sub Offices – Batouri, Meiganga and Maroua Field Offices – Djohong Field Unit – Douala Liaison Office - Bertoua 1 UNHCR Factsheet | Cameroon | April 2017 WORKING WITH PARTNERS UNHCR coordinates protection and assistance for refugees in collaboration with: .
    [Show full text]
  • Cameroon : Adamawa, East and North Rgeions
    CAMEROON : ADAMAWA, EAST AND NORTH RGEIONS 11° E 12° E 13° E 14° E N 1125° E 16° E Hossere Gaval Mayo Kewe Palpal Dew atan Hossere Mayo Kelvoun Hossere HDossere OuIro M aArday MARE Go mbe Trabahohoy Mayo Bokwa Melendem Vinjegel Kelvoun Pandoual Ourlang Mayo Palia Dam assay Birdif Hossere Hosere Hossere Madama CHARI-BAGUIRMI Mbirdif Zaga Taldam Mubi Hosere Ndoudjem Hossere Mordoy Madama Matalao Hosere Gordom BORNO Matalao Goboum Mou Mayo Mou Baday Korehel Hossere Tongom Ndujem Hossere Seleguere Paha Goboum Hossere Mokoy Diam Ibbi Moukoy Melem lem Doubouvoum Mayo Alouki Mayo Palia Loum as Marma MAYO KANI Mayo Nelma Mayo Zevene Njefi Nelma Dja-Lingo Birdi Harma Mayo Djifi Hosere Galao Hossere Birdi Beli Bili Mandama Galao Bokong Babarkin Deba Madama DabaGalaou Hossere Goudak Hosere Geling Dirtehe Biri Massabey Geling Hosere Hossere Banam Mokorvong Gueleng Goudak Far-North Makirve Dirtcha Hwoli Ts adaksok Gueling Boko Bourwoy Tawan Tawan N 1 Talak Matafal Kouodja Mouga Goudjougoudjou MasabayMassabay Boko Irguilang Bedeve Gimoulounga Bili Douroum Irngileng Mayo Kapta Hakirvia Mougoulounga Hosere Talak Komboum Sobre Bourhoy Mayo Malwey Matafat Hossere Hwoli Hossere Woli Barkao Gande Watchama Guimoulounga Vinde Yola Bourwoy Mokorvong Kapta Hosere Mouga Mouena Mayo Oulo Hossere Bangay Dirbass Dirbas Kousm adouma Malwei Boulou Gandarma Boutouza Mouna Goungourga Mayo Douroum Ouro Saday Djouvoure MAYO DANAY Dum o Bougouma Bangai Houloum Mayo Gottokoun Galbanki Houmbal Moda Goude Tarnbaga Madara Mayo Bozki Bokzi Bangei Holoum Pri TiraHosere Tira
    [Show full text]
  • Cameroon: Refugee Sites and Villages for Refugees from the Central African Republic in Nord, Adamaoua and Est Region 01 Jun 2015 REP
    Cameroon: Refugee sites and villages for Refugees from the Central African Republic in Nord, Adamaoua and Est region 01 Jun 2015 REP. OF Faro CHAD NORD Mayo-Rey Mbodo Djakon Faro-et-Deo Beke chantier Dompta Goundjel Vina Ndip Beka Yamba Belel Yarmbang ADAMAOUA Borgop Nyambaka Digou Djohong Ouro-Adde Adamou Garga Mbondo Babongo Dakere Djohong Pela Ngam Garga Fada Mbewe Ngaoui Libona Gandinang Mboula Mbarang Gbata Bafouck Alhamdou Meiganga Ngazi Simi Bigoro Meiganga Mikila Mbere Bagodo Goro Meidougou Kombo Djerem Laka Kounde Gadi Lokoti Gbatoua Dir Foulbe Gbatoua Godole Mbale Bindiba Mbonga CENTRAL Dang Patou Garoua-Boulai AFRICAN Yokosire REPUBLIC Gado Mborguene Badzere Nandoungue Betare Mombal Mbam-et-Kim Bouli Oya Ndokayo Sodenou Zembe Ndanga Borongo Gandima UNHCR Sub-Office Garga Sarali UNHCR Field Office Lom-Et-Djerem UNHCR Field Unit Woumbou Ouli Tocktoyo Refugee Camp Refugee Location Returnee Location Guiwa Region Boundary Yangamo Departement boundary Kette Major roads Samba Roma Minor roads CENTRE Bedobo Haute-Sanaga Boulembe Mboumama Moinam Tapare Boubara Gbiti Adinkol Mobe Timangolo Bertoua Bertoua Mandjou Gbakim Bazzama Bombe Belebina Bougogo Sandji 1 Pana Nguindi Kambele Batouri Bakombo Batouri Nyabi Bandongoue Belita II Belimbam Mbile EST Sandji 2 Mboum Kadei Lolo Pana Kenzou Nyong-et-Mfoumou Mbomba Mbombete Ndelele Yola Gari Gombo Haut-Nyong Gribi Boumba-Et-Ngoko Ngari-singo SUD Yokadouma Dja-Et-Lobo Mboy The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. 10km Printing date:01 Jun 2015 Sources:UNHCR Author:UNHCR - HQ Geneva Feedback:[email protected] Filename:cmr_refugeesites_caf_A3P.
    [Show full text]
  • Central African Rep.: Sub-Prefectures 09 Jun 2015
    Central African Rep.: Sub-Prefectures 09 Jun 2015 NIGERIA Maroua SUDAN Birao Birao Abyei REP. OF Garoua CHAD Ouanda-Djallé Ouanda-Djalle Ndélé Ndele Ouadda Ouadda Kabo Bamingui SOUTH Markounda Kabo Ngaounday Bamingui SUDAN Markounda CAMEROON Djakon Mbodo Dompta Batangafo Yalinga Goundjel Ndip Ngaoundaye Boguila Batangafo Belel Yamba Paoua Nangha Kaga-Bandoro Digou Bocaranga Nana-Bakassa Borgop Yarmbang Boguila Mbrès Nyambaka Adamou Djohong Ouro-Adde Koui Nana-Bakassa Kaga-Bandoro Dakere Babongo Ngaoui Koui Mboula Mbarang Fada Djohong Garga Pela Bocaranga MbrÞs Bria Djéma Ngam Bigoro Garga Bria Meiganga Alhamdou Bouca Bakala Ippy Yalinga Simi Libona Ngazi Meidougou Bagodo Bozoum Dekoa Goro Ippy Dir Kounde Gadi Lokoti Bozoum Bouca Gbatoua Gbatoua Bakala Foulbe Dékoa Godole Mala Mbale Bossangoa Djema Bindiba Dang Mbonga Bouar Gado Bossemtélé Rafai Patou Garoua-BoulaiBadzere Baboua Bouar Mborguene Baoro Sibut Grimari Bambari Bakouma Yokosire Baboua Bossemptele Sibut Grimari Betare Mombal Bogangolo Bambari Ndokayo Nandoungue Yaloké Bakouma Oya Zémio Sodenou Zembe Baoro Bogangolo Obo Bambouti Ndanga Abba Yaloke Obo Borongo Bossembele Ndjoukou Bambouti Woumbou Mingala Gandima Garga Abba Bossembélé Djoukou Guiwa Sarali Ouli Tocktoyo Mingala Kouango Alindao Yangamo Carnot Damara Kouango Bangassou Rafa´ Zemio Zémio Samba Kette Gadzi Boali Damara Alindao Roma Carnot Boulembe Mboumama Bedobo Amada-Gaza Gadzi Bangassou Adinkol Boubara Amada-Gaza Boganangone Boali Gambo Mandjou Boganangone Kembe Gbakim Gamboula Zangba Gambo Belebina Bombe Kembé Ouango
    [Show full text]
  • Cameroon Humanitarian Situation
    Cameroon Humanitarian Situation Report No. 09 Reporting Period: September 1 – September 30 2020 Situation in Numbers Highlights 2,000,000 children in need of humanitarian assistance (UNICEF HAC 2020) • For the sixth consecutive month, UNICEF received no contribution for its humanitarian response (non-COVID-19). In Far North region, 2 attacks on 6,200,000 health facilities were reported. Only 4% of UNICEF’s response for victims people in need of Boko Haram attacks is presently funded with health and WASH sectors (HRP June 2020) worst impacted. • In the Far-North, 11,682 children and caregivers benefitted from mental 450,268 IDPs in the NWSW regions (OCHA health and psychosocial support. • In the North-West and South-West regions, UNICEF partners provided MSNA, August 2019) IYCF counselling to 48,364 parents and caregivers. 203,634 Returnees in the NW/SW • Immunization coverage to prevent child killing disease in conflict areas (OCHA December 2019) remains low, especially for measles. Urgent funds mobilization is needed to support these activities unreached through routine immunization 321,886 IDPs in the Far North program. Some 65% of children in the North-West Region are (OIM, June 2020) unvaccinated and 47% in the South-West. 123,489 Returnees in the Far North (IOM, June 2020) UNICEF’s Response and Funding Status SAM admissions 72% * UNICEF Appeal 2020 Funding Status (in US$) * Nutrition Funding status 2% * Measles vaccination 14% Requirement: $45.5m Available $7.2m (16%) Health Funding status 6% Safe water access 33% WASH Funding status 21% Carry- forward MHPSS access 56% US$ 3.4 M Received Child Funding status 26% US$ 3.8M Protection Funding gap Education access 38% US$ 38.2M Funding status 7% Education 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% *achieved through non-HAC funding sources 1 Funding Overview and Partnerships In 2020 UNICEF is appealing for US$ 45,445,000 in support of lifesaving and protection-based response for children and women in Cameroon.
    [Show full text]
  • Predicted Distribution and Burden of Podoconiosis in Cameroon
    Predicted distribution and burden of podoconiosis in Cameroon. Supplementary file Text 1S. Formulation and validation of geostatistical model of podoconiosis prevalence Let Yi denote the number of positively tested podoconiosis cases at location xi out of ni sample individuals. We then assume that, conditionally on a zero-mean spatial Gaussian process S(x), the Yi are mutually independent Binomial variables with probability of testing positive p(xi) such that ( ) = + ( ) + ( ) + ( ) + ( ) + ( ) 1 ( ) � � 0 1 2 3 4 5 − + ( ) + ( ) 6 where the explanatory in the above equation are, in order, fraction of clay, distance (in meters) to stable light (DSTL), distance to water bodies (DSTW), elevation (E), precipitation(Prec) (in mm) and fraction of silt at location xi. We model the Gaussian process S(x) using an isotropic and stationary exponential covariance function given by { ( ), ( )} = { || ||/ } 2 ′ − − ′ Where || ||is the Euclidean distance between x and x’, is the variance of S(x) and 2 is a scale − pa′rameter that regulates how fast the spatial correlation decays to zero for increasing distance. To check the validity of the adopted exponential correlation function for the spatial random effects S(x), we carry out the following Monte Carlo algorithm. 1. Simulate a binomial geostatistical data-set at observed locations xi by plugging-in the maximum likelihood estimates from the fitted model. 2. Estimate the unstructured random effects Zi from a non-spatial binomial mixed model obtained by setting S(x) =0 for all locations x. 3. Use the estimates for Zi from the previous step to compute the empirical variogram. 4. Repeat steps 1 to 3 for 10,000 times.
    [Show full text]
  • Signatory Cities and Municipalities
    Cities #WithRefugees Signatory Cities and Municipalities Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Grande-Synthe, Hauts-de-France, France Paris, Île-de-France, France Adana, Mediterranean Region, Turkey Greater Dandenong, Victoria, Australia Paterson, NJ, USA Aix-les-Bains, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France Guarulhos, Sao Paulo, Brazil Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Alba, Provincia di Cuneo, Italy Hangu District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Albuquerque, NM, USA Pakistan Pessat-Villeneuve, Auvergne-Rhône- Albury City, New South Wales, Australia Hargeisa, Somaliland Alpes, France Altena, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany Hobart, Tasmania, Australia Philadelphia, PA, USA Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands Houston, TX, USA Pittsburgh, PA, USA Anchorage, AK, USA Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, UK Port Moody, BC, Canada Ann Arbor, MI, USA Jackson, WY, USA Prince Albert, SK, Canada Arica, Arica y Parinacota Region, Chile Jacksonville, FL, USA Providence, RI, USA Athens, Attica, Greece Jonava District Municipality, Lithuania Puerto Asís, Putumayo, Colombia Atlanta, GA, USA Kabul, Afghanistan Queanbeyan, New South Wales, Baku, Azerbaijan Kalumbila town Council, Zambia Australia Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Kampala, Central Region, Uganda Quibdó, Chocó Department, Colombia Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Kentzou, East Region, Cameroon Quilicura, Santiago Metropolitan Region, Batouri, East Region, Cameroon Kette, East Region, Cameroon Chile Berbera, Sahil, Somaliland/Somalia Kigali, Rwanda Quito, Pichincha Province, Ecuador Bergamo, Lombardy, Italy
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedingsnord of the GENERAL CONFERENCE of LOCAL COUNCILS
    REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON REPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN Peace - Work - Fatherland Paix - Travail - Patrie ------------------------- ------------------------- MINISTRY OF DECENTRALIZATION MINISTERE DE LA DECENTRALISATION AND LOCAL DEVELOPMENT ET DU DEVELOPPEMENT LOCAL Extrême PROCEEDINGSNord OF THE GENERAL CONFERENCE OF LOCAL COUNCILS Nord Theme: Deepening Decentralization: A New Face for Local Councils in Cameroon Adamaoua Nord-Ouest Yaounde Conference Centre, 6 and 7 February 2019 Sud- Ouest Ouest Centre Littoral Est Sud Published in July 2019 For any information on the General Conference on Local Councils - 2019 edition - or to obtain copies of this publication, please contact: Ministry of Decentralization and Local Development (MINDDEVEL) Website: www.minddevel.gov.cm Facebook: Ministère-de-la-Décentralisation-et-du-Développement-Local Twitter: @minddevelcamer.1 Reviewed by: MINDDEVEL/PRADEC-GIZ These proceedings have been published with the assistance of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) through the Deutsche Gesellschaft für internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH in the framework of the Support programme for municipal development (PROMUD). GIZ does not necessarily share the opinions expressed in this publication. The Ministry of Decentralisation and Local Development (MINDDEVEL) is fully responsible for this content. Contents Contents Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................................5
    [Show full text]