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Public Health Assessments & Health Consultations ATSDR-PHA-HC-US DOE Mound Facility-p-toc Page 1 of 3 Public Health Assessments & Health Consultations PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT US DOE MOUND FACILITY [a/k/a MOUND PLANT (USDOE)] MIAMISBURG, MONTGOMERY COUNTY, OHIO EPA FACILITY ID: OH6890008984 March 30, 1998 Prepared by: Energy Section Federal Facilities Assessment Branch Division of Health Assessment and Consultation Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY DOCUMENT NOTES BACKGROUND Site Description Site Visits MOUND PLANT, MIAMISBURG, OHIO (maps) TABLE 1. POPULATION DATA TABLE TABLE 2. HOUSING DATA TABLE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND EVALUATION Data Evaluation: Current Exposures Radioactive Substances: Mound Releases Nonradioactive Hazardous Substances: Mound Releases Nonradioactive Hazardous Substances: Vicinity Air Nonradioactive Hazardous Substances: Vicinity Soils Nonradioactive Hazardous Substances: Vicinity Water Data Evaluation: Past Exposures Historic Mound Releases That Could Have Caused Health Problems Inconclusive Historic Mound Releases (Limited Data) Historic Mound Releases That Did Not Pose A Health Hazard Data Reviewed https://web.archive.org/web/20161217114937/https:/www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/pha/PHA.asp?docid=634&pg=0 12/5/2017 ATSDR-PHA-HC-US DOE Mound Facility-p-toc Page 2 of 3 HEALTH OUTCOME DATA SUMMARY COMMUNITY HEALTH CONCERNS Exposure Concerns Health Outcome Concerns Procedural Concerns Concerns of Mound Workers Concerns Related to ATSDR CONCLUSIONS RECOMMENDATIONS PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION PLAN PREPARERS OF REPORT Authors Contributors Internal Reviewers of Report Review by Panel of Independent Experts ATSDR Regional Representatives REFERENCES APPENDIX A: HISTORIC RELEASES OF NONRADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES TO WATER AND AIR APPENDIX B: POLONIUM-210 RELEASES FROM THE MOUND LABORATORY APPENDIX C: HISTORIC RELEASES OF PLUTONIUM-238, HYDROGEN-3 (TRITIUM), AND OTHER RADIONUCLIDES TO THE ENVIRONMENT APPENDIX D: TRITIUM IN DRINKING WATER APPENDIX E: ATSDR AND NAREL ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING IN THE VICINITY OF THE MOUND PLANT (1994) APPENDIX F: HEALTH OUTCOME DATA FOR THE MOUND PLANT ATSDR GLOSSARY OF TERMS PUBLIC COMMENTS ON THE MOUND PLANT PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT AND ATSDR'S RESPONSES BIBLIOGRAPHY Next Section Page last reviewed: December 10, 2009 Page last updated: December 10, 2009 Content source: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry https://web.archive.org/web/20161217114937/https:/www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/pha/PHA.asp?docid=634&pg=0 12/5/2017 ATSDR-PHA-HC-US DOE Mound Facility-p-toc Page 3 of 3 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 Contact CDC: 800-232-4636 / TTY: 888-232-6348 https://web.archive.org/web/20161217114937/https:/www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/pha/PHA.asp?docid=634&pg=0 12/5/2017 ATSDR-PHA-HC-US DOE Mound Facility-p1 Page 1 of 15 Public Health Assessments & Health Consultations PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT US DOE MOUND FACILITY [a/k/a MOUND PLANT (USDOE)] MIAMISBURG, MONTGOMERY COUNTY, OHIO SUMMARY Under current site conditions, the Mound Plant poses no apparent public health hazard to off-sitepopulations. This means that, although members of the public may be exposed to contamination inthe environment from the Mound Plant, presently and in the future, the levels of contamination arenot high enough to cause adverse health effects. We define "current" as beginning January 1, 1987. We considered historic releases of materials from the Mound facility and we identified one pathway where past exposures to environmental contamination could have resulted in adverse health effects: In 1982 and 1983, releases of wastes from the Mound sanitary sewage treatment facility tothe Great Miami River posed a temporary public health hazard to people swimming,boating, or fishing downstream in the river. These releases of under- treated wastes to theriver were transient. People who were exposed to river water during the time of thesereleases could have become ill, although there were no reported water-related diseaseoutbreaks in the area during this period. There have been no reported problems with the Mound sanitary sewage treatment facility since 1986. We did not identify any other historic releases of contamination from the Mound facility that posed a public health hazard, but some historic pathways are indeterminant. We do not have sufficient data to evaluate fully whether nonradioactive substances releasedfrom the Mound facility ever posed a public health hazard. Also, we do not have sufficientdata to evaluate fully whether polonium-210 released to the environment ever posed a publichealth hazard. The historic data do not show that either nonradioactive substances orpolonium-210 released from Mound posed a public health hazard, but the data we reviewedare not sufficient to state they did not pose a public health hazard, either. We have been told that additional environmental data from the 1950s exists in laboratorynotebooks, and we have been asked by members of the public to review those notebooks. We are presently investigating the feasibility of doing that. Other historical releases of radioactive materials to the environment from the Mound facility,including plutonium-238 and tritium, did not pose a public health https://web.archive.org/web/20161217181232/https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/pha/pha.asp?docid=634&pg=1 12/5/2017 ATSDR-PHA-HC-US DOE Mound Facility-p1 Page 2 of 15 hazard. We lookedextensively at both plutonium-238 and tritium data, and we have sufficient data to make that determination. There are no existing health data that apply specifically to the population that could have beenexposed to contamination from the Mound facility. Most of the existing local health outcome datadescribe the population of Montgomery County. Health statistics on the county population are notindicative of exposures to releases from the Mound facility, in part because there are many industrialfacilities in the county that release much larger quantities of hazardous materials into theenvironment than Mound does. We collected people's concerns in the Miamisburg community over several years for this publichealth assessment. Many people expressed concerns for their family's health and the numbers ofcancers in their neighborhoods. Community concerns and our responses are presented in the mainpart of this document. We also received many written comments from the public on the Public Comment Release versionof the public health assessment (the predecesor document to this Final Release version). Publiccomments and our responses to them are presented after the Glossary, on the pages numbered H-1through H-82. In 1994, scientists from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and theEnvironmental Protection Agency's National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory collectedenvironmental samples near the Mound Plant. We released the data from this investigation early in1996. We present our evaluation of these data in Appendix E. Based on the data and information reviewed for this public health assessment, we have norecommendations for health studies in the general population near the Mound Plant or among the workers at the Mound Plant. ATSDR staff plan to continue to monitor developments at the Mound Plant and review new information as it becomes available. DOCUMENT NOTES 1. In this public health assessment, the term "Mound Plant" refers to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facility in Miamisburg, Ohio, as it exists today. The site was named the "Mound Laboratory" at the time operations began in Miamisburg in1948. This was the name of the site for almost 29 years. When the Department of Energywas established on October 1, 1977, the site was renamed the "Mound Facility," andsubsequent site documents reflect this name change. By 1982, site documents indicate arelaxation of the newer name. The annual environmental report for 1982 refers to the site asthe "Monsanto Research Corporation - Mound", or simply "Mound," and the latter name("Mound") is found on documents throughout the middle and late 1980s. In 1985, Moundwas administratively organized under the DOE Albuquerque Operations Office and namedthe "Mound Plant". However, the name "Mound Plant" does not appear consistently on sitedocuments until 1992 or 1993. The most recent environmental report (June 1997) refers tothe site as the "Miamisburg Environmental Management Project (MEMP), also known asthe Mound Plant." The name of the site, as depicted on the cover of this public healthassessment is the name of the site as it is listed in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's CERCLIS https://web.archive.org/web/20161217181232/https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/pha/pha.asp?docid=634&pg=1 12/5/2017 ATSDR-PHA-HC-US DOE Mound Facility-p1 Page 3 of 15 (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Information System) database. We will use the terms "Mound facility", "Mound site", "Mound", or simply, "the site" torefer to the site both in the past and present, without regard to the name distinction and without restriction to a particular timeframe. 2. This public health assessment addresses exposures of people to radioactive and non- radioactive substances released off site to the environment from the Mound facility. It doesnot address exposures of Mound workers to radioactive or hazardous materials on site. Workers may be expected to be exposed to hazardous materials at higher levels than thegeneral public. Workers are also trained in the use and safe handling of hazardous materials and their exposures are monitored. Current DOE internal
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