Micropower Betavoltaic Hybrid Sources Peter Cabauy1*, Larry C. Olsen1, Bret Elkind1, Tom E. Adams2, 3 1. City Labs, Inc., 301 Civic Court, Homestead, FL 33030 2. Purdue University, School of Nuclear Engineering, West Lafayette, IN 47905, USA 3. Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane, IN 47522, USA (*) - Corresponding author;
[email protected], www.citylabs.net Abstract: Radiation interaction with materials can be radiation concerns, however, the Lithium battery was able used in a positive sense, such as converting kinetic energy to capture the pacemaker market. into electricity. Though not a new concept, research has been minimal due to the limited low power applications, Despite the stigma surrounding the earlier work, degradation, and cost. Betavoltaic cells are analogous to numerous research groups have continued their attempts photovoltaic cells. The beta particle’s kinetic energy enters to commercialize a safe, reliable betavoltaic battery. a p-n junction and creates electron-hole pairs. Subsequent thereto, Dr. Olsen published a betavoltaic Subsequently, the built-in potential of the p-n junction review [6] suggesting Tritium as a safe, reliable, and accelerates the electrons and ions to their respective abundant alternative to other radioisotopes. collectors. The major challenges are the beta source and Independently, City Labs also concluded that Tritium electrical conversion efficiencies. The efficiency of the beta would serve well as an excellent candidate for use within emitter is low due to self-shielding and isotropic emission. a betavoltaic battery design. This conclusion was Electronic conversion is (at best) 10 percent, where voids prompted by Tritium’s existing use within the public and defects in the p-n junction reduce both the built-in domain where it finds applications in Exit signs for school potential and charge carrier mobility.