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State Employment and Expenditure for Results (SEEFOR) E4839 V4 FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized STATE EMPLOYMENT AND EXPENDITURE FOR RESULTS (SEEFOR) FINAL REPORT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) FOR ROAD REHABILITATION PROJECT IN WARRI METROPOLIS, DELTA STATE Public Disclosure Authorized August 27, 2015 Public Disclosure Authorized i State Employment and Expenditure for Results (SEEFOR) TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages Title page i Executive Summary ii List of Acronyms v Units of measure vi Table of contents vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.0 Background 1 1.1 Project Description 2 1.2 Rationale for the Project 3 1.3 Rationale for the ESMP 3 1.4 Scope of Work 5 CHAPTER TWO: INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK 2.1 World Bank Safeguard Policies Triggered By Seefor Projects 7 ii State Employment and Expenditure for Results (SEEFOR) 2.1.1 Environmental Assessment (EA) OP 4.01 7 2.1.2 Natural Habitats (OP 4.04) 8 2.1.3 Pest Management (OP 4.09) 8 2.1.4 Forest (OP 4.36) 9 2.1.5 Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) 9 2.1.6 Forest (OP 4.36) 10 2.1.7 Nigeria EA Guidelines and World Bank EA Guidelines 10 2.2 Federal Policy, Legal, Regulatory and Administrative Frameworks 12 2.2.1 The Federal Ministry of Environment 12 2.2.2 The National Policy on the Environment (NPE) of 1989 12 2.2.3 Environmental Impact Assessment Act No. 86, 1992 (FMEnv) 13 2.2.4 The National Guidelines and Standards for Environmental Pollution Control in Nigeria 13 2.2.5 The National Effluents Limitations Regulation 13 2.2.6 The NEP (Pollution Abatement in Industries and Facilities Generating Waste) Regulations 13 2.2.7 The Management of Solid and Hazardous Wastes Regulations 14 2.2.8 National Guidelines on Environmental Management Systems (1999) 14 2.2.9 National Guidelines for Environmental Audit 14 2.2.10 National Policy on Flood and Erosion Control 2006 (FMEnv) 14 2.2.11 National Air Quality Standard Decree No. 59 of 1991 14 2.2.12: The National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency Act 2007 (NESREA Act) 14 2.3 Other Relevant Acts and Legislations at Federal Level 15 2.3.1 Land Use Act of 1978 15 iii State Employment and Expenditure for Results (SEEFOR) 2.3.2 Forestry Act 15 2.3.3 Criminal Code 16 2.3.4 Inland Waterways Authority (NIWA) 16 2.4 State Legislations 17 2.4.1 Delta State Ministry of Environment 18 2.4.2 Ministry of Lands, Urban and Regional Planning 20 2.4.3 Ministry of Works 21 2.4.4 Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources 21 2.4.5 Ministry of Water Resources Development 21 2.4.6 Ministry of Women Affairs Community and Social Development 22 2.4.7 Delta State Directorate of Youth Development 22 2.5 SEEFROR - Adequacy of Legal Instruments for Environmental & Social Issues 23 CHAPTER THREE: GENERAL METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction 24 3.2 ESMP Requirements 26 3.2.1 Screening 26 3.2.2 Scoping 26 3.3 ESMP Process 27 3.4 Baseline Study Methodology 27 3.5 Existing Conditions 28 3.6 Mapping of the Project Area 28 3.7 Socio-Economic Survey 28 3.7.1 Data Collection and sampling methodology 29 3.8 Impact Significance Assessment 31 3.8.2 Method for Determining Event Magnitude 31 3.8.3 Method for Determining Receptor Sensitivity 32 3.9 Trans-Boundary and Cumulative Impacts 33 3.10 Mitigation and Monitoring 33 CHAPTER FOUR: DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE CONDITIONS 4.0 Introduction 34 4.1 Description of Project Site 34 4.2 Description of the Selected Road Networks 37 4.3 Physical Environment 45 4.3.1 Relief and Drainage 46 4.3.2 Climate and meteorology 46 4.3.2.1 Explicit climate and meteorology 46 iv State Employment and Expenditure for Results (SEEFOR) 4.3.2.2 Rainfall 46 4.3.2.2 Temperature 49 4.3.2.3 Relative Humidity (RH) 49 4.3.2.4 Sunshine Hours 50 4.3.2.5 Wind Patterns 50 4.3.3 Geology/Geomorphology/Hydrogeology 50 4.3.4 Air Quality and Noise 51 4.3.5 Groundwater Quality 52 4.3.6 Surface Water Quality 55 4.3.7 Soil Quality 56 4.3.8 Terrestrial Flora (Vegetation) 59 4.3.9 Terrestrial Flora (Wildlife) 61 CHAPTER FIVE: SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND CONSULTATION 5.0 Introduction 63 5.1 Methodology 64 5.2 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Project Affected People (Pap) 64 5.2.1 Population Characteristics of the Proposed Project Area 64 5.2.2 Gender/Sex Profile 66 5.2.3 Age Profile 66 5.2.4 Ethnic group 67 5.2.5 Level of Education 68 5.2.6 Families and Households 69 5.2.6.1 Marital Status 69 5.2.6.2 Family Types 69 5.2.7 Residential Status of Respondents 71 5.2.8 Duration of Stay in Area 71 5.2.9 Employment Status of Respondents 72 5.2.10 Income Level of the Respondents 73 5.3 Assessment of Social Infrastructure and Standard of Living 74 5.3.1 Housing Characteristics in the Project Area 74 3.3.2 Source of Energy 75 5.4 Assessment of Health Status of Sampled Households 76 5.4.1 Method of Healthcare 76 5.4.2 Assessment of Ailment/Sickness Dominant in the Project Area 77 5.5 Sources of Domestic Water 78 5.6 Assessment of Waste Management Methods 79 5.7 Communities’ Environmental Concerns (CECS) 80 5.8 Impact Evaluation of the Road Rehabilitation Intervention Activities 82 v State Employment and Expenditure for Results (SEEFOR) CHAPTER SIX: ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 6.0 Introduction 84 6.1 Potential Impacts 84 6.1.1 Positive impacts 84 6.1.2 Negative Impacts 85 6.1.2.1 Pre-Construction Phase 86 6.1.2.2 Construction Phase 87 6.1.2.3 Operations and Maintenance Phase 88 6.1.3 Social Impacts 91 6.2 Analysis of Alternatives 94 6.2.1 No-Action alternative 95 6.2.2 The Use of Civil Works 95 CHAPTER SEVEN: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 7.0 Introduction 98 7.1 Mitigation Measures 98 7.1.1 Pre-construction phase 98 7.1.2 Construction/Rehabilitation phase 105 7.1.2.2 Biological Impact 125 7.1.2.3 Socio-economic Impact 130 7.1.2.4 Public Health 146 7.1.3 Operation and Maintenance Phase 158 7.2 Institutional Responsibilities and Accountabilities 181 7.2.1 Pre-construction Phase 181 7.2.1.1 Key Agencies 181 7.2.1.2 Role of the Involved Agencies 181 7.2.1.3 Reporting and Follow-Up 182 7.2.2 Construction Phase 182 7.2.2.1 Key Agencies 182 7.2.2.2 Role of Involved Agencies 183 7.2.2.3 Reporting and Follow-Up 184 7.2.3 Operational and Maintenance Phase 184 7.2.3.1 Key Agencies 185 7.2.3.2 Role of Involved Agencies 185 7.2.3.3 Institutional and implementation arrangements for implementing the ESMP at the local level 186 7.3 Environment and Social Monitoring Plan Measures 186 vi State Employment and Expenditure for Results (SEEFOR) 7.3.1 Flora and Fauna Management Plan 187 7.3.2 Waste Management Plan 188 7.3.3 Erosion and Sedimentation Management Plan 190 7.3.4 Employment, Training, and Awareness Management Plan 192 7.3.5 Water Management Plan 193 7.3.6 Air Quality Management Plan 194 7.3.7 Vegetation Clearing and Biomass Management Plan 194 7.3.8 Emergency Response and Incident Management Plan 195 7.3.9 Cultural Heritage Management Plan 196 7.3.10 Traffic and Vehicle Management Plan 197 7.3.11 Health, Safety, and Security Management Plan 198 7.3.12 Community Health & Safety Plan 199 7.3.13 Stakeholder Engagement Plan 200 201 7.3.14 Training Programmed 202 7.4 Monitoring and Evaluation 204 7.5 Implementation Schedule 205 7.6 ESMP Costing and Cost Analysis 206 CHAPTER EIGHT: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 208 Appendix I 209 Appendix II 216 vii State Employment and Expenditure for Results (SEEFOR) LIST OF TABLES Pages Table 1.1: Safeguards Triggered by Delta State SEEFOR intervention 2 Table 3.1: Details of the Sampling Methodology and the Questionnaires Administered 30 Table 4.1: Description of SEEFOR intervention projects in Warri metropolis 45 Table 4.2: Climatic Characteristics of the Project Area 47 Table 4.3: Ambient Air Quality and Noise Results Table 4.4: Physio-chemical properties of groundwater samples collected from the Study area in Warri metropolis, Delta State 53 Table 4.5: Microbial properties of groundwater samples collected from the study area 54 Table 4.6: physio-chemical and microbial results of surface water samples From the study area 55 Table 4.7: Result of Soil Samples from the Study Area 57 Table 4.8: List of Fauna Species recorded in the Study Area 62 Table 5.1: Type of Materials in the Building and Tenure Systems 75 Table 5.2: Source of energy for lighting 76 Table 5.3 Sources of Domestic water 79 Table 5.4: Perceived environmental Impacts of the road network across the various stages of the rehabilitation project 81 Table 6.1: Appraisal of the ‘No Action’ Alternative and Use of Civil Works 96 Table 7.1: Mitigation Measures for Pre-construction phase 100 Table 7.2: Mitigation Measures for the Environmental Impacts in the Construction/Rehabilitation phase 106 Table 7.3: Mitigation Measures for the Biological Impacts In the Construction/Rehabilitation phase 126 Table 7.4: Mitigation Measures for the socioeconomic impacts in the Construction/Rehabilitation phase 132 Table 7.5: Mitigation Measures for the public health impacts in the Construction/Rehabilitation phase 147 Table 7.6: Mitigation Measures for Maintenance/Operational Phase 160 Table 7.7 shows the Environment and Social Monitoring Plan Measures for the various Plans 202 Table 7.8: Institutional Capacity Strengthening Plan 203 Table 7.9 Environment and Social Monitoring Plan Measures 205 Table 7.10: ESMP Implementation Schedule 206 Table 7.11: Cost Analysis of the Warri metropolis road rehabilitation/ maintenance ESMP Implementation 207 viii State Employment and Expenditure for Results (SEEFOR) LIST OF FIGURES Pages Fig.