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Just As the Priests Have Their Wives”: Priests and Concubines in England, 1375-1549
“JUST AS THE PRIESTS HAVE THEIR WIVES”: PRIESTS AND CONCUBINES IN ENGLAND, 1375-1549 Janelle Werner A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2009 Approved by: Advisor: Professor Judith M. Bennett Reader: Professor Stanley Chojnacki Reader: Professor Barbara J. Harris Reader: Cynthia B. Herrup Reader: Brett Whalen © 2009 Janelle Werner ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT JANELLE WERNER: “Just As the Priests Have Their Wives”: Priests and Concubines in England, 1375-1549 (Under the direction of Judith M. Bennett) This project – the first in-depth analysis of clerical concubinage in medieval England – examines cultural perceptions of clerical sexual misbehavior as well as the lived experiences of priests, concubines, and their children. Although much has been written on the imposition of priestly celibacy during the Gregorian Reform and on its rejection during the Reformation, the history of clerical concubinage between these two watersheds has remained largely unstudied. My analysis is based primarily on archival records from Hereford, a diocese in the West Midlands that incorporated both English- and Welsh-speaking parishes and combines the quantitative analysis of documentary evidence with a close reading of pastoral and popular literature. Drawing on an episcopal visitation from 1397, the act books of the consistory court, and bishops’ registers, I argue that clerical concubinage occurred as frequently in England as elsewhere in late medieval Europe and that priests and their concubines were, to some extent, socially and culturally accepted in late medieval England. -
'Gold Status' Lydney Town Council Achieves
branch line. branch country country typical a of pace relaxing the experience to can get off to explore the local area and get and area local the explore to off get can a chance chance a 5 stations so you you so stations 5 with Railway Heritage d an Steam ET 4 15 GL dney, y L Road, Forest tation, S chard or N days ected sel Open 845840 01594 and from railway building. railway from and later benefited from the growth of the ironworks into a tinplate factory factory tinplate a into ironworks the of growth the from benefited later trade of the Forest of Dean began to transform Lydney’s economy, which which economy, Lydney’s transform to began Dean of Forest the of trade 19th century the building of a tramroad and harbour to serve the coal coal the serve to harbour and tramroad a of building the century 19th Lydney’s harbour area was always strategically important and in the early early the in and important strategically always was area harbour Lydney’s of the 17th century and the reclamation of saltmarsh in the early 18th. early the in saltmarsh of reclamation the and century 17th the of establishment of ironworks at the start start the at ironworks of establishment Its owners also profited from the the from profited also owners Its deposits, and extensive woodland. woodland. extensive and deposits, resources, including fisheries, mineral mineral fisheries, including resources, free cafe, and local farm shop and deli. and shop farm local and cafe, free Picture framing and gift shop. -
Railways List
A guide and list to a collection of Historic Railway Documents www.railarchive.org.uk to e mail click here December 2017 1 Since July 1971, this private collection of printed railway documents from pre grouping and pre nationalisation railway companies based in the UK; has sought to expand it‟s collection with the aim of obtaining a printed sample from each independent railway company which operated (or obtained it‟s act of parliament and started construction). There were over 1,500 such companies and to date the Rail Archive has sourced samples from over 800 of these companies. Early in 2001 the collection needed to be assessed for insurance purposes to identify a suitable premium. The premium cost was significant enough to warrant a more secure and sustainable future for the collection. In 2002 The Rail Archive was set up with the following objectives: secure an on-going future for the collection in a public institution reduce the insurance premium continue to add to the collection add a private collection of railway photographs from 1970‟s onwards provide a public access facility promote the collection ensure that the collection remains together in perpetuity where practical ensure that sufficient finances were in place to achieve to above objectives The archive is now retained by The Bodleian Library in Oxford to deliver the above objectives. This guide which gives details of paperwork in the collection and a list of railway companies from which material is wanted. The aim is to collect an item of printed paperwork from each UK railway company ever opened. -
History 1890 – 1966
A HISTORY OF GLOUCESTER HARBOUR TRUSTEES By W. A. Stone Clerk to the Trustees 1958 -1966 PART 1 1890 - 1966 CONTENTS Chapter Page 1 Origin, Constitution and Membership, with details of Navigational Aids erected prior to the incorporation of the Gloucester Harbour Trustees on 5 July 1890 3 2 Navigational Aids 20 3 Finances 39 4 Spanning the Severn Estuary 51 5 New Works and other installation in the Severn Estuary 56 6 Stranding of Vessels and other Incidents 61 7 Northwick Moorings 71 8 Officers and Staff 74 1 FOREWORD In compiling this History I have endeavoured to give the reasons for the appointment of a body of Trustees to control a defined area of the Severn Estuary, and to tell of the great amount of work undertaken by the Trustees and the small staff in administering the requirements of the 1890 Act. It is probable that I have given emphasis to the erection and upkeep of the Navigational Aids, but it must be realised that this was the main requirement of the Act, to ensure that the Trustees, as a Harbour authority, disposed of their income in a manner which was calculated to benefit the navigation of the Severn Estuary. A great deal of research has been necessary and the advice and assistance given to me by the present Officers, and by others who held similar posts in the past, is greatly appreciated. Without their help the task would have been much more formidable. W A Stone Clerk to the Trustees December 1966 2 Chapter One ORIGIN, CONSTITUTION AND MEMBERSHIP WITH DETAILS OF NAVIGATIONAL AIDS ERECTED PRIOR TO THE INCORPORATION OF THE GLOUCESTER HARBOUR TRUSTEES ON 5 JULY 1890 To obtain the reasons for the constitution of a body of Trustees to control a defined area of the River Severn, it is necessary to go back to the year 1861. -
The Birds of Herefordshire 2015
The Birds of Herefordshire 2015 Herefordshire Ornithological Club Annual Report Jackdaws and Hereford cattle at Much Marcle in March 2015 (Photo: Mick Colquhoun) Editorial This is the 65th annual report of the ‘Birds of Herefordshire’, the Herefordshire Ornithological Club’s (HOC) annual publication for 2015, which I hope you will enjoy reading. During the year a total of 172 species were recorded, summary details and highlights of which are presented in the systematic list section on pages 30 – 98, for which I wish to thank the species authors. An alphabetic index of species is included on pages 146 – 147 to help readers locate individual species information and a gazetteer of place names mentioned in the species accounts is provided on pages 142 – 145. The county list of species (now numbering 281) was boosted by the sighting of a Spotted Sandpiper, a county ‘first’, at Wellington Gravel Pits in May 2015 (see article on pages 28 – 29), and seven other rarities with 20 or fewer previous county records also made an appearance in Herefordshire during the year: Red-crested Pochard, Marsh Harrier, Turnstone, Temminck’s Stint, Red-necked Phalarope, Caspian Gull and Common Redpoll. A tremendous amount of effort has gone into validating the records of rarities on the county list during the past year and the review article on pages 12 – 18 makes enlightening reading and provides a definitive list and dates of sightings for all 94 rarity species with 20 or fewer records. The large increase in the number of bird records received in 2014, compared with previous years, continued in 2015 with a similar 46,000 records being utilised in compiling this annual report. -
THE FOREST of DEAN GLOUCESTERSHIRE Archaeological Survey Stage 1: Desk-Based Data Collection Project Number 2727
THE FOREST OF DEAN GLOUCESTERSHIRE Archaeological Survey Stage 1: Desk-based data collection Project Number 2727 Volume 2 Appendices Jon Hoyle Gloucestershire County Council Environment Department Archaeology Service November 2008 © Archaeology Service, Gloucestershire County Council, November 2008 1 Contents Appendix A Amalgamated solid geology types 11 Appendix B Forest Enterprise historic environment management categories 13 B.i Management Categories 13 B.ii Types of monument to be assigned to each category 16 B.iii Areas where more than one management category can apply 17 Appendix C Sources systematically consulted 19 C.i Journals and periodicals and gazetteers 19 C.ii Books, documents and articles 20 C.iii Map sources 22 C.iv Sources not consulted, or not systematically searched 25 Appendix D Specifications for data collection from selected source works 29 D.i 19th Century Parish maps: 29 D.ii SMR checking by Parish 29 D.iii New data gathering by Parish 29 D.iv Types of data to be taken from Parish maps 29 D.v 1608 map of the western part of the Forest of Dean: Source Works 1 & 2919 35 D.vi Other early maps sources 35 D.vii The Victoria History of the County of Gloucester: Source Works 3710 and 894 36 D.viii Listed buildings information: 40 D.ix NMR Long Listings: Source ;Work 4249 41 D.x Coleford – The History of a West Gloucestershire Town, Hart C, 1983, Source Work 824 41 D.xi Riverine Dean, Putley J, 1999: Source Work 5944 42 D.xii Other text-based sources 42 Appendix E Specifications for checking or adding certain types of -
St Margaret's Church Welsh Bicknor
St Margaret‘s Church Welsh Bicknor Contents St Margaret‘s Church Welsh Bicknor ............................................................................ 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 3 Location and setting: ...................................................................................................... 4 Building history: ............................................................................................................ 7 Furnishings and Fittings ............................................................................................... 16 Bibliography: ............................................................................................................... 26 State of repair: .............................................................................................................. 26 Sale of the Church (2011) ........................................................................................... 27 Restoration work on the church (2016)........................................................................ 27 List of Graveyard memorials ....................................................................................... 28 Aerial picture of the graveyard .................................................................................... 31 Welsh Bicknor Graveyard Plan.................................................................................... 32 Welsh Bicknor Gravestones Numbered 11-24............................................................ -
The Saracens Head, Symonds
steps to the picnic area, and descent the path you came up, past the Biblins, Monmouth and the Wye cave. 11 When you reach the track below the barrier, cross over and 2¾ or 10¼ miles: Easy/fairly easy The Saracens Head Inn follow the path steeply down through the woods. 12 At a wooden seven circular walks from Food fence, bear left (still heading downhill). 13 The path eventually Allow 1–2 hours for the shorter walk and 4–5 for the longer (more if We serve a wide variety of dishes that change from emerges between gardens at the car park at Symonds Yat East. Turn you plan to look round Monmouth). Both routes use the hand ferry (fee payable) to cross the Wye on the return (you are advised to season to season from our Lunch Menu, Dinner right to return to the Saracens Head. check that it is running before setting off) and the shorter route Menu and daily specials board. Sandwiches and crosses the mildly unnerving Biblins footbridge. Riverside paths may filled organic baguettes are also served during King Arthur’s Cave (3¾ miles: Moderate) be muddy in places after rain. The outward route as far as lunchtimes. Allow 2–2½ hours. Uses the hand ferry (fee payable) across the Wye Monmouth is accessible to cyclists (returning the same way). on the outward journey, and the mildly unnerving Biblins footbridge Our chefs use fresh ingredients which are locally 1 From the front door, facing the river, turn left and walk past the on the return. -
Directions to Woodgate Sawmills, Mile End, Coleford, Gloucestershire
Directions to Woodgate Sawmills, Mile End, Coleford, Gloucestershire From East and South - M4 Chepstow: * Leave M4 at NEW Junction 21 - signposted M48 Chepstow to take you over OLD Severn Bridge (toll bridge- cash only) * Immediately after crossing the bridge leave the M48 at Junction 2 signposted Chepstow * At roundabout take 2nd turning off to Chepstow - A48 * At roundabout take last turning off - staying on the A48 * Go over bridge and after 1/4 mile take sharp turning left - signposted Tutshill and Forest of Dean * At mini roundabout - turn right - signposted Coleford B4228 * Follow this road for approximately 12 miles to Coleford * At traffic lights on edge of Coleford - go straight over * Pass Industrial estate and Q8 Garage on your right * At the traffic lights turn right in to Gloucester Road * 1 mile up the hill go straight over cross roads * On the left hand side you will see Royal Forest Inn turn left next to the pub * Woodgate Sawmills Ltd is at the end of the lane From The North - M6/M5: DENOTES NEW ROUTE DUE TO ONE WAY SYSTEM M5 South to Junction 8 (Strensham Services) Turn onto M50 and follow to end ( Junction 4) * At roundabout turn left towards ROSS ON WYE. Keep in the Left hand lane * At next roundabout take 1st turning off signposted GLOUCESTER * At next roundabout (approx ¾ mile) turn right signposted INDUSTRIAL ESTATE * Follow this road towards Ross Centre. After Pedestrian Crossing take 1st turning left onto the B4234 towards Walford * Follow this road through Walford, Lower Lydbrook and English Bicknor to Christchurch * At Pike House Cross-roads turn left for Five Acres * At the traffic lights turn right into Woodgate Road * At the end of this road, at the stop sign, turn left * On the left hand side you will see Royal Forest Inn turn left next to the pub * Woodgate Sawmills Ltd is at the end of the lane From Gloucester: * At Gloucester follow the Brown Tourist signs for Forest of Dean, Ross, & Chepstow. -
Lydbrook, Joy's Green, and Ruardean Walk 8 6½ Miles
Walking Through Dean History Walk Eight Walk 8 6½ miles (10½ km) Lydbrook, Joy’s Green, and Ruardean GO PAST THE BARRIER and follow the soon be seen in the valley below. Continue dirt track down the valley to the right of the on the level track, ignoring a fork downhill to stream (i.e., do not cross road). Keep left at a the left, but soon bear right uphill by a fence Railway and colliery remains, a Tudor house, and lovely views of Wales and fork, still following the stream (Greathough (with a former chapel up to the right) onto Herefordshire. The walk is mainly on woodland tracks and an old railway trackbed Brook). An outcrop of Pennant Sandstone a grass track between houses (part of the (now a cycle track), with some field paths and lanes; one steady climb; 8 stiles. (part of the Coal Measures) is seen on the former Severn and Wye’s tramroad which right, after about 250 yds. Just after this, preceded the railway). This comes out at START at ‘Piano Corner’ on minor road (Pludds Road) between Brierley and opposite a small open area, is a small cutting the end of a tarmac lane. To the right, a dirt The Pludds (about 500 yds from junction with A4136 Monmouth–Mitcheldean with a pipe protruding from the blocked- track follows the route of the Bishopswood road): GR SO 621154. Park on gravel area by metal barrier on left-hand up adit of Favourite Free Mine (1). Note the Tramroad (10), and there was an incline down side of road when travelling away from Brierley and the A4136. -
FOREST of DEAN LOCAL HISTORY SOCIETY Index to Volumes 1 - 33
NEW REGARD OF THE FOREST OF DEAN FOREST OF DEAN LOCAL HISTORY SOCIETY Index to Volumes 1 - 33 Compiled by Dr. L.M. Mayer-Jones, extended by Gill Claydon Entries in italics are titles of papers; authors in bold with surnames in capitals. 4.57 means page 57 of Volume 4. 57ff means that the subject occurs on following pages too. 4.57, 80 means that the subject occurs on two pages in the same volume. Double-click on column B if necessary to reveal the whole entry. Abbey, Tintern and Bigsweir Turnpike Trust 14.5 Abbeys Flaxley - iron working 1.12 Abbots Wood, by Stan Bosher 33.46 Abbotswood Boundaries 1281 1.12; Crown freehold 16.5; House 11.7 Abenhall Dean Road 4.38, 11.32; Maynard Colchester-Wemyss' estate 7.25; Ralph of Abenhall 1282 10.27 Abenhall Flints 13.45; Guns Mill 15.33 Accidents Union Pit 6.4; Whitecroft Mill 21.62; Brain's Tramway 1871 18.44; Westbury Brook mine 22.27 Accidents Trafalgar Colliery 18.34; Accident and Death Society 18.64; Plump Hill quarry 25.33 Acetone Production 24.7 ADAMS, G.W. Was there a connection between rural Romano-Celtic temples and Romanised villas? Lydney Temple and the Chesters Villa 19.59 Adams, S & T (Coal Owners) 3.41 Adams, Thomas, Freeminer 3.5 Address by the Lord-Lieutenant of Gloucestershire… 30th June 2018 33.4 Adsett Congregational Chapel, Westbury upon Severn, by Averil Kear 18.18 Aeroplane at Cinderford, The first, [anon.] 19.54 Agriculture, Dean, in the 20th century, by Christine Martyn 16.52 Aldridge, Geoff, mayor of Whitecroft 26.50. -
Cllr Yolande Watson: Herefordshire Councillor for Kerne Bridge Page 1
May 2020 - Cllr Yolande Watson: Herefordshire Councillor for Kerne Bridge Goodrich & Welsh Bicknor Parish • No new matters arising this month from within the Parish • Outstanding: investigating ‘whose’ responsibility is it to clean up area near the bridge of A40 Highways England); on-going conversations with a local resident re: SEN transport; awaiting legal response to a Private Rights of Way issue in Goodrich; future road/embankment works + Bilbins Bridge in Symonds Yat East; C1257 reopening • Please also read ‘issues across three parishes’ (below) • For residents who want to read my full report, which includes what I am doing in the other Parishes and in Herefordshire Council: please go to: www.wagpc.org.uk and click on the link to ‘Ward Councillor’ Walford Parish • Positive and constructive conversation with the new Co-ordinator of the Walford Community Support Scheme + agreed to be a referee as I am very supportive of the Co- ordinators ideas re: sustainable/nutritious food projects/programme + gave the scheme 8 bottles hand sanitizer for volunteers • Contacted by residents regarding their (or others) planning applications and (illegal?) structures being built in the Parish, a number of issues on Leys Hill (most are now resolved), closure of footpath and removal of footbridge in Hom Green • Conversations with Parish Councillors re: Memorial Project and Drains • Outstanding: Increase in dog litter on Howle Hill (awaiting information from Parish Council on costs); HGV sign on Howle Hill; Formal Complaint re: accident on WA39 (awaiting