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Speculative BlackneSS This page intentionally left blank SPECULATIVE BLACKNESS The Future of Race in Science Fiction andré m. carrington University of Minnesota Press Minneapolis London A version of chapter 4 appeared as “Drawn into Dialogue: Comic Book Culture and the Scene of Controversy in Milestone Media’s Icon,” in The Blacker the Ink, ed. Frances Gateward and John Jennings (New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2015). Por- tions of chapter 6 appeared as “Dreaming in Colour: Fan Fiction as Critical Reception,” in Race/Gender/Class/Media, 3d ed., ed. Rebecca Ann Lind (Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson, 2013), 95–101; copyright 2013, printed and electronically reproduced by per- mission of Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2016 by the Regents of the University of Minnesota All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopy- ing, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 111 Third Avenue South, Suite 290 Minneapolis, MN 55401- 2520 http://www.upress.umn.edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Carrington, André M. Speculative blackness: the future of race in science fiction / andré m. carrington. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8166-7895-2 (hc) ISBN 978-0-8166-7896-9 (pb) 1. American fiction—African American authors—History and criticism. 2. Science fiction, American—History and criticism. 3. Race in literature. 4. African Americans in mass media. 5. African Americans in popular culture I.
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