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Page I Internationalising the Curriculum in Australian Schools FM Brohier BA

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Page I Internationalising the Curriculum in Australian Schools FM Brohier BA Page i Internationalising the Curriculum in Australian Schools F. M. Brohier BA (Hons), Dip Ed, M Litt Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Deakin University August, 2011 Contents Page iii Contents Contents ........................................................................................ iii List of Figures ........................................................................................ vi List of Tables ........................................................................................ vi Acknowledgements ....................................................................................... vii Abstract ...................................................................................... viii Abbreviations ........................................................................................ xi Chapter 1 The Phenomenon of International Education 1 1.1 The Background to my Research ........................................................................... 1 My Relationship to the Research Process ................................................................. 3 The Research Participants ......................................................................................... 4 The Schools .......................................................................................... 5 1.2 Unravelling the Narrative and Contextualising the Issue ................................... 5 The Effects of the Implementation Process in Schools ........................................... 22 1.3 Aims of Research into the International Baccalaureate in Australian Schools ........................................................................................ 24 1.4 Practical Purpose of this Research Study ........................................................... 25 1.5 The Stages of this Thesis ....................................................................................... 25 Chapter 2 History and Background of the Development of the IB both Internationally and in the Australian Context 28 2.1 International Education and the IB ................................................................... 28 Contextualising the Issue ........................................................................................ 28 The Evolution of the Pedagogy of the IB ................................................................ 33 Shifting Curriculum from the Classroom to the Community ................................ 45 2.2 The IB Diploma Programme ................................................................................ 56 The IBO Diploma ........................................................................................ 57 Diploma Programme Model .................................................................................... 59 Diploma Programme Curriculum ............................................................................ 59 2.3 Growth and Progress of the IB in Australia ....................................................... 61 Contents Page iv Chapter 3 The Literature Review 69 3.1 Globalisation and Education ................................................................................ 69 Economic, Political and Cultural Aspects of Globalisation .................................... 69 Features of Globalisation ....................................................................................... 69 Local Manifestations of Global perspectives .......................................................... 71 An Educational Response to Globalisation ............................................................. 72 Globalisation and its Effects on Educational Policy ............................................... 74 Positive Effects of Globalisation on Education ...................................................... 81 The Global Citizen and Third Culture Kids ............................................................ 82 Common Threads ........................................................................................ 86 Chapter 4 Methodological Issues 88 4.1 An Initial Summary ........................................................................................ 88 4.2 The Purpose of my Research ................................................................................ 88 4.3 The Research Question ........................................................................................ 89 4.4 The Insider Perspective in Qualitative Research ............................................... 90 4.5 The Basis of my Research ..................................................................................... 94 4.6 Validating the Research Methodology and Justification for rejecting Alternative Methodology ...................................................................................... 96 4.7 Justification of the Integrity of Data Collection Instruments and the Data Generation Process ........................................................................................ 97 4.8 Analysing the Data and considering Validity, Reliability and Limitations of the study ...................................................................................... 100 4.9 Ethical Issues ...................................................................................... 103 Chapter 5 Let the Data Speak – Case Studies of Staff and Students at Andrews College 105 5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 105 5.2 The Practitioner’s Perspective ........................................................................... 106 5.3 Pen Portraits of Teachers ................................................................................... 108 Curriculum ...................................................................................... 109 Staff Development ...................................................................................... 114 School Change ...................................................................................... 117 Surveys of Students ...................................................................................... 121 5.4 Findings of Interviews ...................................................................................... 125 Contents Page v Chapter 6 Let the Data Speak – Case Studies 145 6.1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 145 6.2 IB Coordinators ...................................................................................... 146 Commonalities ...................................................................................... 163 6.3 School Principal ...................................................................................... 165 Points of Similarity ...................................................................................... 171 6.4 IBO Personnel Surveys and Semi-Structured Interviews ............................... 172 6.5 Conclusion ...................................................................................... 180 Chapter 7 The Legacy of the IB Diploma in the Australian Context and Future Directions 183 7.1 Significance of the IB Diploma in the Australian National Educational Landscape ...................................................................................... 183 7.2 Dilemmas of the IB Diploma in Australia ......................................................... 190 7.3 The IB Diploma and Change: Students, Teachers and Schools ...................... 204 7.4 The influence of the IB Diploma in the Australian Context ............................ 208 7.5 Future Directions for the IB Diploma in the Australian Context .................. 209 7.6 A Final Comment ...................................................................................... 214 Contents Page vi References 220-236 ____________________________________________________________________ Appendices Appendix A:Governance Structure of the IBO (Figure 1); Management Structure of the IBO (Figure 2); Geographical location of IBO offices (Figure 3); Expenditure and Income facts about the IBO (Figure 4) 237-240 Appendix B: Curriculum Details of the International Baccalaureate Diploma ...................................................................................... 241 Appendix C: Exemplars of Semi-Structured Interviews ............................................ 247 Appendix D: Survey with Students ............................................................................. 253 Appendix E: Mission Statement .......................................................................... 255-257 Appendix F: What is the IB Diploma Programme? .................................................... 258 Appendix G: IB Score Conversion .............................................................................. 259 Appendix H: Enrolments in Secondary Schools 2001-2006, by Category of School ................................................................................ 260 Appendix I: Results of Survey ................................................................................... 261 Appendix J: Diverse External factors Affecting Functions of the IBO 262 List of Figures Figure 1: IB Governance Structure ....................................................................... 237 Figure 2: What is the Management Structure? ...................................................... 238 Figure 3: Who Works for the IB and Where? ......................................................
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