GROUP COUNTRIES MAIN INDICATORS OF THEVISEGRÁD

CHAPTER TITLE Main indicators of the Visegrád Group countries © Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 2018 © Czech Statistical Office, 2018 © , 2018 © Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic, 2018

Prepared by the Hungarian Central Statistical Office in cooperation with statistical offices of , Poland and Slovakia

Primary source of data in the publication is the database of . All other sources are indicated in footnotes at the place of occurrence.

Information on methodology: methodological notes linked to datasets under http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database as well as on the sites of data sources indicated Csontent

Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 2018 3 Chapter 1 Chapter 3 Comprehensive information Education and research Figure 1: Capitals and largest cities...... 12 Figure 11: Population by educational Table 1: Geographical information...... 13 attainment level, 2016...... 22 Table 2: Weight of Visegrád Group Table 8: Number of students in tertiary countries in the ...... 14 education...... 22 Figure 12: Proportion of students in tertiary education as % of the population aged 20–24...... 22 Figure 13: Number of students per lecturer Chapter 2 in tertiary education...... 22 Population and living conditions Figure 14: Research and development expenditures Table 3: Population on 1 January...... 16 as % of GDP...... 23 Figure 2: Distribution of population by Table 9: R&D expenditures per inhabitant, PPS...... 23 ontent main age groups, 1 January 2017...... 16 Figure 15: Distribution of R&D expenditures C s Table 4: Average life expectancy at birth, 2015...... 16 by sectors, 2016...... 23 Figure 3: Items of population change Figure 16: Share of R&D business expenditures per 1000 inhabitants...... 16 by main sections, 2014...... 24 Table 5: Number of employed persons aged 15–64...... 17 Figure 4: Employment rate of population aged 15–64...... 17 Chapter 4 Figure 5: Distribution of employed persons by size Economic environment of enterprises, 2015...... 17 Figure 17: Share of foreign affiliates in value added Figure 6: Distribution of employees at factor cost of enterprises, 2015...... 26 aged 15–64 by sections, 2016...... 18 Figure 18: Distribution of value added at factor cost of Table 6: Number of unemployed persons foreign affiliates by section, 2015...... 26 aged 15–74...... 18 Table 10: Distribution of number of enterprises Figure 7: Unemployment rate of the population by number of employed persons, 2015...... 27 aged 15–74...... 19 Figure 19: Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita Figure 8: Price level index of actual individual in purchasing power parity, as % of EU-28 average...... 27 consumption ...... 19 Figure 20: Volume of gross Figure 9: Change of harmonised index of consumer prices...... 19 domestic product (GDP)...... 27 Figure 10: Volume of household final consumption Figure 21: Regional (NUTS2) GDP per capita in expenditure ...... 20 purchasing power parity, as % of EU-28 average, 2016...... 28 Table 7: Level of actual individual consumption Figure 22: Distribution of gross value added per capita in purchasing power parity...... 20 by section, 2017...... 29

4 Main indicators of the Visegrád Group countries Figure 23: Volume of gross fixed capital formation...... 29 Table 18: Ranking of main partner countries based on Figure 24: Gross fixed capital formation guest-nights at tourist accommodation as a percentage of GDP...... 29 establishments, 2016...... 40 Table 11: Production of main crops, 2016...... 30 Figure 34: Tourism revenues and expenditures as Table 12: Production of main fruits, 2016...... 30 a percentage of GDP...... 40 Table 13: Livestock, 1 December 2016...... 30 Figure 25: Volume of industrial production, calendar adjusted...... 31 Figure 26: Share of manufacture of transport Chapter 6 equipment in gross value added of manufacturing...... 31 Infrastructure Figure 27: Volume of production in construction, Figure 35: Length of motorways...... 42 calendar adjusted...... 31 Figure 36: Length of railway lines...... 42 Figure 28: Volume of retail trade turnover, Table 19: Length of motorways and railway lines 2

calendar adjusted...... 31 per 100 km , 2016...... 42 ontent Figure 37: Passenger cars per 1000 inhabitants...... 42 C s Figure 38: Share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption...... 43 Chapter 5 Figure 39: Proportion of households External relations with internet connection...... 43 Figure 29: FDI outwards within Visegrád Group Figure 40: Internet purchases by individuals countries, end of 2016...... 34 in the last 3 months...... 43 Table 14: Foreign direct capital investment stock, Figure 41: Interaction with public authorities end of 2016...... 34 in the last 12 months...... 43 Table 15: Major partner countries based on FDI stock data, end of 2016...... 35 Figure 30: FDI outwards within Visegrád Group countries in manufacturing, end of 2015...... 36 Figure 31: External trade in goods, 2016...... 37 Table 16: Major partner countries in merchandise imports and exports, by country, 2016...... 38 Figure 32: Volume of external trade in goods, 2016...... 39 Figure 33: High-tech exports as a share of total exports...... 39 Table 17: Number domestic and international quest-nights, 2016...... 39

Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 2018 5

preface 1

Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 2018 7 F our countries in Central Europe, with relations in the field of business, science, arts, everyday life, sharing even monarchs in various periods, have constituted a group cooperating at many levels for many centuries. The history of the Visegrád Group dates back to the 14th century, when the leaders of the Central European kingdoms that cover today’s countries held a summit in order to resolve international disputes. reface P The V4 group of modern times was established in Visegrád to promote progress and development in the region. The Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia acceded the European Union in 2004, contributing by more than one tenth of the area and population, nearly 6% of economic performance based on GDP, about 8% of manufacturing of motor vehicles and almost one fifth of main crops produced by 2016.

H istory of official statistical services dates back to a century or even more in the V4 countries. Preceding the accession to the EU, these statistical offices cooperated – including other candidate countries –, resulting for instance in a quarterly bulletin, published between 1993 and 2004. A strengthened cooperation of the National Statistical Institutes

8 Main indicators of the Visegrád Group countries of the four countries started in 2018 under the Hungarian V4 Presidency, with the aim of creating a Marek platform to discuss specific statistical topics of mutual Rojíček President of Czech interest, and to exchange views and best practices Statistical Office of statistical production and the development of methodologies. As the first tangible outcome of our strengthened cooperation the four NSIs publish this booklet on the main indicators of the Visegrád Group countries, covering population and living Dr. Vukovich

Gabriella preface conditions, education and research, the economic President of Hungarian environment, external relations and infrastructure. In Central Statistical Office this joint publication, put together for the first time to provide an insight into the most important social and economic characteristics of the V4 countries, the similarities and diversities within this block of Dominik countries can be observed as well as the weight Rozkrut of the group within the EU. The booklet includes President of Statistics Poland comprehensive, visual information presented in tables and charts. The concept and development of the content are the result of the statistical cooperation between the four countries. Alexander Ballek President of Statistical We hope that this information will be Office of the Slovak Republic useful to our readers.

Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 2018 9

COMPREHENSIVE INFORMATION

Hungarian Central Statistical O ce, 2018 11 COMPREHENSIVE INFORMATION 12 1 FIGURE

* Borders countries withneighbouring otherthan V4 members Brno Praha zc eulc14.8 Czech Republic Prešov Košice Bratislava Kraków Łódź Warszawa Debrecen Budapest Ostrava Szeged Slovakia Poland Hungary ierdGop100100524– 5224 100.0 100.0 Visegrád Group and includingcoastline ofPoland. Country City Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries Population, rapopulation area 58.5 17.5 thousand 9.2 1 735 1 267 1 753 Share (%)of 239 762 706 161 377 426 202 293 90 66129CZK 1279 16.6 95214PLN 2174 HUF 1567 59.5 15.4 . 0 EUR 204 8.5 border, km* outer state Length of Capitals andlargest cities currency National Praha Brno Bratislava Ostrava Łódź Budapest Kraków Warszawa Szeged Prešov Debrecen Košice Source: Eurostat, UNESCO, national statistical o ces National parks Number ofworld Longest river, km Lowest point, m point, m Highest National area, parks Number ofnational Protected Largest natural lake, Protected natural Area, thousandkm a) 1 TABLE country's area country's area as%ofthe heritage sitesheritage thousand hectares parks thousand hectares Natura 2000areas, km country's area country's areas as%ofthe Length inHungary.

2 Country

2 Discharge oftheLabeRiver (Krkonoše Mountains), Mountains), (Krkonoše Mount Sněžka Mount Czech Republic Černé jezero, at Hřensko, 1 114.8 Vltava, 1 602 119.5 115 14.1 433 0.2 78.9 1.5 12 4 (Mátra Mountains), Gyálarét (Szeged), Geographical informationGeographical Balaton, Hungary 1 994.9 Kékes 1 014 Tisza, 480.7 596 596 21.4 93.0 76 5.2 1 8 0 a)

(High Tatra(High mountains), Raczki Elbląskie, Elbląskie, Raczki Mount Rysy Rysy Mount Śniardwy, Vistula, 6 116.5 Poland 1 022 2 499 113.4 312.7 314.1 -1.8 19.6 1.0 23 15

Hungarian CentralHungarian Statistical O ce, 2018 Streda nadBodrogom, Veľké Hincovo pleso, Gerlachovský štít Gerlachovský (High Tatras),(High Slovakia 1 444.2 2 655 317.8 Váh 406 29.5 0.2 48.8 94 6.5 9 7 , 13 COMPREHENSIVE INFORMATION COMPREHENSIVE INFORMATION 14 2 TABLE

Agricultural area, millionhectares Gross xed capitalformation, billioneuro R&D expenditures, billioneuro Number ofemployed people, millionpersons Area, thousandkm Gross domesticproduct,billioneuro Population on1January, millionpersons Forests, millionhectares Value addedofindustry, billion euro Agricultural outputat basicprice, billioneuro Number oftourism nights at accommodation Value equipment, oftransport addedofmanufacture External trade billioneuro ingoods,External imports, Foreign capitalinvestment direct billioneuro stock, trade ingoods, billioneuroExternal exports, Students in tertiary education, million persons Students intertiary Number ofunemployed people, millionpersons Stock capitalinvestment ofdirect abroad, Household andNPISHnal consumption expenditure, establishments, millionnights billion euro billion euro billion euro Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries 2 Indicator Weight of Visegrád Group countries intheEuropean Union 2015 2017 2017 2017 2015 2015 2017 2017 2017 2015 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2017 2015 Year 460.6 172.3 405.0 492.1 532.8 176.9 470.9 214.3 866.1 value 63.8 16.1 25.9 39.2 24.6 27.7 70.7 9.1 2.6 1.4 Indicator’s joint share intheEU-28,% 10.0 14.0 12.7 10.1 13.1 11.7 12.5 8.0 9.6 8.4 9.7 6.7 3.0 5.7 5.5 7.5 0.9 6.0 5.7 POPULATION AND LIVING CONDITIONS

Hungarian Central Statistical O ce, 2018 15 POPULATION AND LIVING CONDITIONS 16 3 TABLE

EU-28 Slovakia Czech Republic Poland Hungary 4 EU-28 Visegrád Group Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic TABLE

Country Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries Country Average 2015 at birth, life expectancy 0.5551 0.1585 1.8511.52 510.28 508.54 507.01 505.16 504.05 0221 0421 062017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 39 39 38 38 37 63.78 63.78 63.82 63.82 63.90 63.91 05 05 05 05 05 10.58 10.55 10.54 10.51 10.52 10.51 80 80 80 80 79 37.97 37.97 38.01 38.02 38.06 38.06 .054 .254 .35.44 5.43 9.80 5.42 9.83 5.42 9.86 5.41 9.88 5.40 9.91 9.93 Population on1January ae eae Total Females Males 798. 80.6 83.3 77.5 81.6 77.9 73.5 3180.2 73.1 81.6 75.7 2379.0 72.3 (million persons) (year) 76.7 75.7 78.7 3 FIGURE 2 FIGURE 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

% ‰

– 0 10 11 12 13 14 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 zc eulcHnayPln Slovakia Poland Hungary CzechRepublic zc eulcHnayPln Slovakia Poland Hungary CzechRepublic 10.4 per 1000inhabitantsper (2012–2016annualaverage) 561. 511. 15.1 15.5 15.1 67.8 14.5 69.6 15.6 17.1 68.4 15.0 66.8 16.5 65.6 18.7 18.8 10.3 1.3 0 main agegroups, 2017 1January – iebrh etsNetmigration Deaths Live births 9.3 4yas1–4yas65and over 15–64 years 14 years Distribution ofpopulationDistribution by Items ofpopulationItems change 13.0 0.9 9.9 10.2 –0.2 10.3 9.7 0.5 Visegrád 9.9 Group Visegrád Group 10.6 0.3 Source ofdata: LabourForce Survey EU-28 Visegrád Group Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic Source ofdata: LabourForce Survey 4 FIGURE 5 TABLE

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 % 0 zc eulcHnayPln Slovakia Poland Hungary CzechRepublic Country Country 66.5 Employment rate ofpopulation aged15–64 72.0 56.7 66.5 2012 59.7 2012 211.4 26.3 15.3 2.3 3.8 4.8 64.5 2016 59.7 Number ofemployedNumber aged15–64 persons 64.9 2013 210.8 26.3 15.3 2.3 3.9 4.8 60.4 Visegrád Group 66.1 million persons 2014 213.4 26.9 15.6 5 FIGURE 100 4.1 2.3 4.9 Source businessstatistics. ofdata: structural 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 %

0 zc eulcHnayPln Slovakia Poland Hungary CzechRepublic 31.3 10.2 18.9 32.4 7.3 0–9 Distribution ofemployedDistribution by persons size 2015 215.7 27.3 15.8 34.0 10.3 16.5 0231.7 30.2 4.2 2.4 4.9 9.0 10–19 of enterprises, 2015 20–49 37.1 17.9 5.3 7.9 218.8 Hungarian CentralHungarian Statistical O ce, 2018 27.7 15.9 50–249 4.3 2.5 5.0 41.3 15.7 28.2 7.6 7.1 2016 250 2012 =100.0% and moreand Visegrád Group 35.7 17.7 31.3 6.5 8.7 105.5 103.5 103.7 113.6 106.7 104.3 17 POPULATION AND LIVING CONDITIONS POPULATION AND LIVING CONDITIONS 18 6 FIGURE Visegrád Group Slovakia Poland Hungary * EU-28 Czech Republic 6 Source ofdata: LabourForce Survey TABLE administrative registers. Harmonized unemplyoment data, incorporating LabourForce data andnational information Survey onunemployment suchaspublicemployment o ces’ 59%

Country Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries Czech Republic 3% Agriculture, forestryand shing 7% 2012 5242 3 4822 0 09918778 20939 22902 24832 26331 25 294 31% 2 967 1 749 378 473 367 64% Distribution ofemployeesDistribution aged 15–64by 2016 sectors, 2013 2 990 1 793 386 441 370 Number ofunemployedNumber aged15–74* persons Hungary 5% Industry 2014 2 593 1 567 thousand persons 7% 24% 359 343 324 58% 2015 2 194 1 304 314 308 268 Construction Poland 10% 2016 8% 1 777 1 063 267 235 212 24% Services 61% 1 415 224 192 155 844 Slovakia 2017 3% 2012 =100.0% 47.7 59.3 40.6 42.2 48.3 74.2 9% 27% * 7 FIGURE 9 FIGURE 10 12 14 16 o ces’ administrative registers. and national information onunemployment suchaspublicemployment % Harmonized unemplyoment data, incorporating LabourForce data Survey 2 4 6 8 0

zc eulcHnayPln Slovakia Poland Hungary CzechRepublic 7.0 2.9 –2 –1 Unemployment rate ofthepopulation % 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 3.5 Change ofharmonisedindex ofconsumer prices (annualrate ofchange) 11.0 5.7 2012 3.7 4.2 aged 15–74* 022017 2012 3.7 1.4 10.1 1.7 2013 4.9 0.8 1.5 zc eulcHnayPln Slovakia Poland Hungary CzechRepublic 14.0 0.4 8.1 0.0 2014 0.1 –0.1 8 FIGURE % 40 50 60 70 80 0.3 0 0221 0421 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012

0.1 2015 –0.7 CzechRepublic –0.3 Price level individual index ofactual 0.6 consumption 0.4 2016 –0.2 Hungary –0.5 Hungarian CentralHungarian Statistical O ce, 2018 (EU-28 =100) 2.4 2.4 Poland 2017 1.6 1.4 Slovakia 19 POPULATION AND LIVING CONDITIONS POPULATION AND LIVING CONDITIONS 20 * Purchasing power (PPPs) parities are indicators of price level di erences across EU-28 Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic 7 1 TABLE FIGURE of price level dierences across countries. common currency, e.g. thePurchasing Power Standard, PPS),eliminating thee ect rates to convert expenditures expressed in national currencies into an arti cial costs indiservices erent countries. PPPs conversion canthusbeusedascurrency countries. PPPs tell ushow many unitsagiven ofgoodsand currency quantity

0 Country per capita inpurchasing capita per power parity* Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 % Level individual consumption ofactual –1.2 0221 0421 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 0 0 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 –2.3 37 87 78 78 78 76 73 47 67 76 74 76 63 74 76 63 74 75 62 74 74 63 74 62 2012 0.7 –0.4 Volume ofhousehold nal consumption expenditure (annualrate ofchange) –0.1 0.5 0.2 2013 0.3 –0.8 zc eulcHnayPln Slovakia Poland Hungary CzechRepublic 0.2 (EU-28=100) 1.8 2.8 2014 2.4 1.4 2,2 3.7 3.6 2015 3.0 2.2 3.1 3.6 Visegrád Group 4.3 2016 3.9 2.7 3.8 4.0 4.7 2017 4.7 3.6 4.5 EDUCATION AND RESEARCH

Hungarian Central Statistical O ce, 2018 21 EDUCATION AND RESEARCH 22 11 FIGURE 12 FIGURE 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 % Visegrád 0

Republic Hungary Slovakia Poland Group zc eulcHnayPln Slovakia Poland Hungary CzechRepublic Czech

65.3 Tertiary education (ISCED level 5–8) Upper secondary and post Less thanprimary, primary and lower secondary education (ISCED 0 level Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries Population by educational attainment level, 62.3 education as%ofthepopulation aged20–24 04 08 100 80 60 40 20 0 12.6 15.0 16.1 16.5 23.2 Proportion of students in tertiary ofstudents intertiary Proportion 60.0 49.1 2016 (15–74year-olds) -secondary non-tertiary education (ISCED 3–4) level 022015 2012 72.4 60.0 68.0 65.3 61.4 66.1 56.9 55.3 49.4 68.0 Visegrád Group 23.9 22.1 20.0 19.4 19.0 61.0 –2) % .. =Data are notavailable. Source: UNESCO 13 FIGURE zc eulc440 Czech Republic EU-28 Poland Hungary ierdGop3049 Visegrád Group Slovakia 8 TABLE Students 10 15 20 25 30

0 5 Country zc eulcHnayPln Slovakia Poland Hungary CzechRepublic

25.2 23.9 Number of students in tertiary education ofstudentsNumber intertiary Number ofstudentsNumber lecturer per 15.7 0221 0421 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2 007 381 221 14.6 in tertiary education in tertiary .. .1 3 .. 19531 ...... 022015 2012 2 899 1 903 19.8 359 427 210 17.1 0 5 .. 2553 2 709 6 6 1600 1665 1 763 17.2 3 0 295 .. 308 396 330 419 9 8 .. 184 198 14.4 (thousand persons) 19.5 Visegrád Group 17.3 15 FIGURE 18.2% 14 FIGURE 20.5% 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 % 0221 0421 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012

CzechRepublic Visegrád Group CzechRepublic 0.2% Research anddevelopment expenditures as%ofGDP Business enterprise sector 61.2% Hungary 13.6% Distribution ofR&DexpendituresDistribution by 2016 sectors, 11.3% Poland Hungary Government sector Slovakia 75.1% 31.4% 2.5% 9 TABLE zc eulc392 Czech Republic EU-28 Slovakia Poland Hungary ierdGop207 Visegrád Group * Purchasing Power Standards (PPS)are  ’currency’ctive unitsthat remove Higher education sector in theEuropean Unionequalto onePPS. They are xed inaway that makestheaverage purchasing power ofoneeuro dierences inpurchasing power, i.e. dierent price levels between countries.

Country Poland 0.4% R&D expenditures inhabitant, per PPS* 0221 0421 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 1 1 3 6 564 568 538 517 512 162 159 220 65.7% Private nonpro t sector 217 158 249 425 169 27.7% 21.4% Hungarian CentralHungarian Statistical O ce, 2018 3 6 240 265 238 7 0 197 238 201 432 271 177 491 254 469 8 6 178 263 188 Slovakia 0.5% 50.4% 23 EDUCATION AND RESEARCH EDUCATION AND RESEARCH 24 16 FIGURE

Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries VisegrádGroup Czech Republic Hungary Slovakia Poland 0 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.8 1.4 1.9 2.3 Professional,scienti c and technical activities Information and communication Wholesale and retail trade; repairmotor of vehicles and motorcycles Manufacturing Agriculture, forestry and shing 5.3 6.8 Share ofR&Dbusiness expenditures by 2014 mainsections, 7.6 10 12.9 14.8 15.9 16.1 16.2 18.0 18.5 18.9 20 19.5 20.5 30 40 45.6 50 51.5 51.9 56.4 60 67.4 70 % ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Hungarian Central Statistical O ce, 2018 25 ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 26 17 FIGURE 18 FIGURE * * Except thedata ofenterprises of businessstatistics. Data ofstructural nancial services. entertainment, recreation.entertainment, businessstatistics. Data ofstructural Except thedata ofenterprises ofagriculture,  publicadministration, nancial services, education, humanhealthandsocialwork andarts, activities,

Visegrád Group 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 % 0 Czech Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries Republic Hungary Slovakia Poland CzechRepublic 41.8 0 Distribution ofvalueDistribution cost addedat factor offoreign a liates 2015* by section, 59.1 Share offoreign a liates invalue cost addedat factor ofenterprises, 2015* Transportation and storage and Transportation communicationInformation and Manufacturing 52.5 20 Hungary 48.0 52.4 70.1 52.6 55.9 59.0 oa uieseooyManufacturing Total businesseconomy 40 35.5 Poland 46.6 20.6 14.8 17.0 60 45.8 15.0 Other activitiesOther Professional, scienti ctechnicalactivities and trade retail Wholesale and 13.0 Slovakia 71.9 9.2 11.0 9.4 6.8 10.0 4.3 4.0 80 4.3 4.6 3.6 6.1 4.1 4.2 Visegrád Group 41.0 4.0 2.4 14.7 56.6 12.9 12.7 11.5 11.7 100 % 20 FIGURE * Data of structural businessstatistics.* Data ofstructural EU-28 Visegrád Group Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic 10 TABLE Country Country

–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 % –0.8 Distribution of number ofenterprises ofnumber Distribution by –1.6 number ofemployednumber persons, 2015* 2012 1.6 562113080.2 0.8 1.3 2.1 95.6 0–9 283821100.2 1.0 0.1 2.1 0.2 0.5 3.8 0.2 0.9 0.8 92.8 0.2 0.8 1.4 2.0 0.7 1.7 1.9 96.5 1.2 3.3 95.5 1.9 94.1 96.0 1.7 0.6 01 20–49 10–19 –0.5 Volume (GDP) ofgross domesticproduct (annualrate ofchange) employed persons 2.1 Czech Republic 2013 1.4 1.5 1.1 50–249 2.7 4.2 250 and 2014 3.3 Hungary more 2.8 (%) 3.2 5.3 19 FIGURE 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 % 0 Poland 3.4

2015 3.8 zc eulcHnayPln Slovakia Poland Hungary CzechRepublic 82 3.9 purchasing power parity, as%ofEU-28average 4.1 88 Gross domestic product (GDP)Gross domesticproduct in capita per Slovakia 2.6 66 2.2 2016 2.9 022016 2012 3.3 2.8 Visegrád Group Hungarian CentralHungarian Statistical O ce, 2018 6767 4.4 68 4.0 2017 4.6 3.4 76 4.3 77 27 ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 28 21 FIGURE

Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries Regional (NUTS2) inpurchasing capita GDPper power parity, as%ofEU-28average, 2016 80–184 70– 79 60– 69 50– 59 43– 49 % Praha Bratislava Budapest Warszawa 19.5% 22 23 FIGURE FIGURE –15 –10 –5 10 15 20 25 % Czech Republic 14.8% 0 5 5.2%

Wholesale andretailtrade,transport,accommodationfoodserviceactivities Construction Industry Agriculture, forestryand shing 0221 042015 2014 2013 2012 Czech Republic 2.2% Volume ofgross xed formation capital 18.8% 2.4% Hungary (annual rate ofchange) 5.3% 31.9% Poland 20.8% 17.7% Slovakia Distribution ofgrossDistribution value2017 addedby section, 4.9% 3.0% 2016 Hungary Visegrád Group 3.9% 18.5% 2017 26.4% 4.8% 17.0% 24 FIGURE 0 18 20 22 24 26 28 % 0221 0421 062017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 3.8% Other activities Public administration,defence,education,humanhealthandsocialworkactivities Real estateactivities, nancialandbusinessservices Information andcommunication 14.0%

2.3% Slovakia Czech Republic Poland 25.7% 2.4% Gross xed formation capital as apercentage ofGDP 27.2% 7.5% 19.2% Visegrád Group Hungary Hungarian CentralHungarian Statistical O ce, 2018 14.7% 4.3% 3.4% Slovakia 20.6% 3.6% Poland 7.7% 26.6% 29 ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 30 11 TABLE 13 12 TABLE TABLE Source: FAO Database EU-28 Visegrád Group Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic .. =Data are notavailable. Source: FAO Database EU-28 Slovakia EU-28 Visegrád Group Poland Hungary Visegrád Group Poland Hungary Czech Republic Source: FAO Database Slovakia Czech Republic

Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries Country Country Country Cereals, total Fruits, total Cattle 332712591.0 63 312.7 9 8 142653 298 089 3. 4256.5 6 239.3 4 734.7 1 187.1 57 414 007148854 90 057 29 849 14 117 8 633 5 939 4 848 1 416 8 601 254.7 62.8 458 821 Production ofmaincrops,Production 2016 apples wheat Production ofmainfruits,Production 2016 Pig Livestock, 1December 2016 3 604.3 23 505 16 232 10 865 10 828 5 455 1 610 3 124 2 434 4 788 125.0 506.5 20.7 633 he Poultry birds Sheep maize er orcere piosgrapes apricots sourcherries pears 2 399.3 14 306 838151461411155 1561496 98 318 62 668 121.2 2 6 8 234400 262088 2 029 1 190 1 710 4 343 7 407 81.5 32.7 846 218 382 3 8 0 169033 187603 239 6.5 0.4 Of which: Of Of which: Of oats 21 315 40 334 12 836 269.3 1 661 1 358 7 926 194.8 311.7 67.8 132 135 6.7 0.0 36 chicken barley 20 422 32 432 12 513 58 234 7 028 1 845 3 441 1 158 3. 25374.0 633.9 25.2 21.1 585 0.8 0.2 3.1 Of which: Of (thousand tonnes) (thousand tonnes) Potatoes turkey (thousands) 10 154 15 058 11 706 91 533 56 224 2 851 8 872 423.0 75.9 37.8 375 700 126 177 405 .. .. 25 FIGURE 27 FIGURE –20 –15 –10 –2,0 –5 0,0 2,0 4,0 6,0 8,0 10 15 20 25 30 35 % 0 5

0221 0421 062017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 0221 0421 062017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 calendar adjustedcalendar (annualrate ofchange) Czech Republic calendar adjustedcalendar (annualrate ofchange) Volume inconstruction, ofproduction Czech Republic Volume ofindustrialproduction, Hungary Hungary Poland Poland Slovakia Slovakia * Data calculated from current prices. –3 –2 –1 VisegrádGroup 28 FIGURE % 26 FIGURE 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Czech Republic

Hungary Slovakia 0221 0421 062017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Poland Czech Republic Share of manufacture of transport equipment equipment Share oftransport ofmanufacture calendar adjustedcalendar (annualrate ofchange) 01 025 20 15 10 5 0 in gross value addedofmanufacturing* Volume ofretail trade turnover, Hungary 2012 10.3 10.6 Hungarian CentralHungarian Statistical O ce, 2018 Poland 14.3 14.8 2015 15.9 17.7 Slovakia 19.6 19.6 21.0 21.5 % 31 ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

EXTERNAL RELATIONS

Hungarian Central Statistical O ce, 2018 33 EXTERNAL RELATIONS 34 29 FIGURE Czech Republic Visegrád Group Slovakia Poland Hungary * Without entities. specialpurpose EU-28 * Without entities. specialpurpose 14 TABLE

SVK Poland Hungary Czech Republic 103 Country

1 924 2 335 1 293 2 303 386 389 118 118 882 402 653 Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries Foreign investment capital direct stock, 8 4 566783245.3 6748 352 55.6 8 287549 Stock capital ofdirect million million investment abroad 06289450250.8 405042 8.9 70 682 77365165241.4 66.6 176552 63.0 75781 6.5 111213 20.6 27 753 9.6 23 390 17 024 euro 1 . 14751.1 41497 3.1 2 515 percentage end of2016* of GDP FDI outwards within Visegrád Group countries, endof2016* Stock offoreign direct million million capital investment euro percentage of GDP

(million euro)

Slovakia Poland Czech Republic Czech Hungary * Without entities. specialpurpose 15 TABLE inclusion ofcondential data might causesigni ofpartners. cant changesin theranking thedatabase ofEurostatIn data ofarelevant numberofcountries are condential. These were nottakeninto andSlovakia account inourcalculations. caseofHungary In Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic

Country Major partner countries basedonFDIstock data, partner Major endof2016* Stock capitalinvestment ofdirect abroad position 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 5th 4th 5th 4th 5th 4th 5th 4th 3rd 3rd 3rd 3rd 1st 1st 1st 1st Czech Republic Luxembourg Belgium Netherlands Netherlands Cyprus Israel Slovakia Cyprus Luxembourg Austria Netherlands Czech Republic Switzerland Slovakia Croatia Cyprus Romania Germany Cyprus partner country partner Stock offoreign capitalinvestment direct position 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 5th 4th 5th 4th 5th 4th 5th 4th 3rd 3rd 3rd 3rd 1st 1st 1st 1st Hungarian CentralHungarian Statistical O ce, 2018 Netherlands Netherlands Germany Netherlands Austria Germany Netherlands Germany South KoreaSouth Luxembourg Czech Republic Spain France Luxembourg Luxemburg Switzerland Austria France Austria Luxembourg partner country partner 35 EXTERNAL RELATIONS EXTERNAL RELATIONS 36 30 FIGURE * Without entities. specialpurpose

Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic

66 31 9 1 778 1264 209 172 231 531 46 30 27 Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries FDI outwards within Visegrád Group countries inmanufacturing, endof2015*

(million euro)

Slovakia Poland HUN Czech Republic Czech Source: WITS - World Integrated Trade World Database (The Solution Bank). 31 Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic FIGURE 12 750 13 581 5 176 9 220 4 659 4 319 9 189 5 069 4 197 4 267 4 732 5 883

External tradeExternal ingoods, 2016 (million USD)

Hungarian CentralHungarian Statistical O ce, 2018

Slovakia Poland Czech Republic Czech Hungary 37 EXTERNAL RELATIONS EXTERNAL RELATIONS 38 16 TABLE Source: WITS Source: Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic

Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries – World Integrated Trade World Database (The Solution Bank). Country Major partner countries in merchandise imports and exports, by countries andexports, country, inmerchandise partner Major imports 2016 Position 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 5th 4th 5th 4th 5th 4th 5th 4th 3rd 3rd 3rd 3rd 1st 1st 1st 1st Germany Germany Germany Germany Czech Republic China Austria China Poland ofKoreaRepublic China France Italy Russia China Slovakia Poland Italy Slovakia Poland Import partner Import Position 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 5th 4th 5th 4th 5th 4th 5th 4th 3rd 3rd 3rd 3rd 1st 1st 1st 1st Germany Germany Germany Germany Czech Republic United Kingdom Romania Slovakia United Kingdom France Poland Italy France Czech Republic Italy France Slovakia France United Kingdom Poland Export partner Export 17 32 TABLE FIGURE Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic 10 105 10 15 120 125 130 %

18.6 Country R e Cz p e u 17.4 c b h l i c in goods, 2016 Volume ofexternal trade 19.2 H u n g 13.5 ar y Domestic tourism Domestic tourism nights, million 18.4 I m P o p l o a 126.3 r n 63.8 15.5 25.4 t (2012=100.0) Number ofdomesticandinternationalNumber guest-nights, 2016 d 8.9 E x 18.4 p S o l o r t v ak 13.5 i guest- International a 15.6 13.8 24.3 million 5.0 18.6 nights, V G i s r e o 19.2 g u r p ád Czech Republic 33 FIGURE 10 12 14 16 18 % 33.2 0 2 4 6 8 1.4 5.9 201 – Cz

e c h R e p Of which nights spent byOf tourists from: as apercentage ofinternational nights u b l i c Hungary H 3.8 1.0 1.4 u 2013 n High-tech exports asashareHigh-tech exports – g ar y of total exports P o l a n d Poland Hungarian CentralHungarian Statistical Office, 2018 8.9 5.0 4.7 2014 S – l o v ak i a V i Slovakia s e g r

ád 1.0 3.2 5.4 – 2015 G r o u p 39 EXTERNAL RELATIONS EXTERNAL RELATIONS 40 18 TABLE

Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic nights at tourist accommodation establishments, 2016 Ranking of main partner countries basedonguest- ofmainpartner Ranking Country Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries Position n Germany 2nd United Kingdom 2nd United Kingdom 2nd Russia 2nd t Ukraine Hungary 5th 4th Italy USA 5th 4th Poland Czech Republic 5th 4th United Kingdom USA 5th 4th 3rd 3rd 3rd 3rd s Czech Republic 1st Germany 1st Germany 1st Germany 1st Poland Ukraine Austria Slovakia Partner country Partner 34 FIGURE * Basedonbalance ofpayments data. 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 % %

Republic 2.2 3.6 Republic Czech Czech Tourism revenues andexpenditures 3.2 2.5 as apercentage ofGDP* 4.0 1.5 ugr oadSlovakia Poland Hungary ugr oadSlovakia Poland Hungary 1.7 4.5 Expenditures Revenues 2012 2012 2.2 1.8 2.3 1.7 2016 2016 2.5 2.3 2.5 3.1 Visegrád 1.9 Visegrád 2.8 Group Group 2.9 2.0 INFRASTRUCTURE

Hungarian Central Statistical O ce, 2018 41 INFRASTRUCTURE 42 35 FIGURE 19 andexpressways motorways 2016inCzech Republic * In together. b) a) EU-28 Visegrád Group Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic TABLE Kilometre 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600 1 800 Excluding andGreece. data ofBelgium, Denmark Excluding data of Belgium andDenmark.

200 400 600 800 0

0221 0421 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Country Main indicatorsMain ofthe Visegrád Group countries Czech Republic andrailway 100km linesper Length ofmotorways* Length ofmotorways Hungary Motorways 0.8 0.9 0.5 1.3 1.6 1.7 a) per 100km Poland 2 Railway lines , 2016 2 12.1 (kilometre) 7.5 4.9 7.4 6.1 8.4 b) Slovakia 37 FIGURE 36 FIGURE 10 000 15 000 20 000 25 000 Kilometre 5 000 100 200 300 400 500 600 Number 0 0

448 Republic zc eulcHnayPln Slovakia Poland Hungary Czech Republic 9 570 Czech 502 Passenger 1000inhabitants per cars 9 564 301 ugr oadSlovakia Poland Hungary Length ofrailway lines 338 7 486 7 811 2012 492 2012 571 20 094 2016 2016 337 19 132 390 3 631 Visegrád 442 Group 3 626 508 40 FIGURE 38 FIGURE 10 12 14 16 18 % 0 8 0221 0421 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 % 0 5

in thelast3months (percentage ofindividuals) Republic 18 Czech CzechRepublic 34 Share ofrenewable energy ingross nal Internet purchases by individuals ugr oadSlovakia Poland Hungary 15 26 energy consumption Hungary 022017 2012 21 33 Poland 30 46 Visegrád 20 Slovakia Group 33 41 FIGURE 39 FIGURE 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 % 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 % 0 5

in thelast12months (percentage ofindividuals) Republic Republic 30 73 Czech Czech 46 83 Interaction withpublicauthorities Proportion ofhouseholdswith Proportion Hungary ugr oadSlovakia Poland Hungary 42 67 internet connection 47 82 022017 2012 022017 2012 oadSlovakia Poland 32 70 Hungarian CentralHungarian Statistical O ce, 2018 31 82 42 75 81 47 Visegrád Visegrád Group 71 34 Group 82 37 43 INFRASTRUCTURE Czech Statistical O ce Hungarian Central www.czso.cz Statistical O ce [email protected] www.ksh.hu [email protected]

Statistics Poland Statistical O ce stat.gov.pl of the Slovak Republic [email protected] slovak.statistics.sk [email protected]