L2/00-001 L2/SD-3 Complete L2/UTC Document Register 1999 December 31, 1999 Comments Required Ballot Action Required Document Register L2-2000
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Third Asia Pacific Linguistics Olympiad
en Third Asia Pacific Linguistics Olympiad March 28 – April 11, 2021 Problems • Listen carefully to the invigilators and follow their instructions. • The contest lasts five hours. The problem set consists of eight pages and it contains five problems. You may solve the problems in any order. • You are not allowed to use any electronic device, written or printed material or other external sources of information during the contest. • If you have a question about any of the problems, put up your hand and ask an invigilator. The invigilator will consult with the jury before answering. • Rules for writing out solutions – Do not copy the statements of the problems. – Write down your solution to each problem on a separate sheet or sheets. – Use only the front side of the answer sheet. – On each sheet, indicate your name, the number of the problem, and the page sequence of that sheet within the problem, e.g.: Name ::: Name ::: Name ::: Problem # 5 Problem # 5 Problem # 5 Page # 1 / 3 Page # 2 / 3 Page # 3 / 3 (meaning first, second, and third sheet of three for the fifth problem.) Otherwise, your work may be mislaid or misattributed. – Unless stated differently, you should describe any patterns or rules that you identified in the data. Otherwise, your solution will not be awarded full marks. The contest problems must be kept confidential until they are published on the official APLO website https://aplo.asia. Do not disclose nor discuss the problems online until that date. Third Asia Pacific Linguistics Olympiad (2021) 2 Problems Problem 1 (20 points). Here are some sentences in Pitjantjatjara and their possible English translations: 1. -
View Ball from the Barrel
ICONIC HONG KONG +44 (0)7866 424 803 [email protected] runjeetsingh.com INTRODUCTION I’m excited to say that this is my first time exhibiting at Fine Art Asia and I’m looking forward to displaying a diverse group of exceptional objects from China, Tibet, Korea and India. Many of these pieces have formed important parts of collections in the West and been treasured for many decades. Several are decorated with powerful Buddhist themes—testament to the importance placed upon them by their makers and owners. It will be a great pleasure to bring them to the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre and share them with the collecting world. I would like to offer a sincere message of appreciation to the numerous colleagues and friends who contributed to the research and production of this publication and the accompanying exhibition. I also thank my family for their endless love, patience and support. 30 Sept – 3 Oct 2017 Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre Stand A13 CONTENTS Daggers 08 Swords 28 Polearms 38 Firearms 42 Archery 44 Equestrian 48 Armour 56 Helmets 60 Written by Runjeet Singh September 2017 All prices on request 9 1 SAWASA KNIFE This is a highly unusual Chinese Two further mounts in the form Notes eating knife with mounts of Sawasa of bats (Chinese symbols of good Knives were highly important to (a term applied to a group of black luck) are decorated in contrasting CHINA, QING DYNASTY the Manchus. Emperor Qianglong lacquered and gilt artefacts made techniques. The upper bat has a 18TH – 19TH CENTURY erected a tablet in front of the Jian from a copper alloy with gold, silver black body, silver wings and gold on Ting (the Archery Pavilion in the and arsenic). -
N2403 Date: 2002-04-22
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 N2403 DATE: 2002-04-22 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) - ISO/IEC 10646 Secretariat: ANSI DOC TYPE: Meeting Minutes TITLE: Draft minutes of WG 2 meeting 41, Hotel Phoenix, Singapore 2001-10-15/19 SOURCE: V.S. Umamaheswaran, Recording Secretary, and Mike Ksar, Convener PROJECT: JTC 1.02.18 – ISO/IEC 10646 STATUS: SC 2/WG 2 participants are requested to review the attached unconfirmed minutes, act on appropriate noted action items, and to send any comments or corrections to the convener as soon as possible but no later than 2002-05-15. ACTION ID: ACT DUE DATE: 2002-05-15 DISTRIBUTION: SC 2/WG 2 members and Liaison organizations MEDIUM: Paper NO. OF PAGES: 45 (including cover sheet) Mike Ksar Convener – ISO/IEC/JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 Microsoft Corporation Phone: +1 425 707-6973 One Microsoft Way Redmond, WA, 98052 U. S. A. e-mail: [email protected] ISO International Organization for Standardization Organisation Internationale de Normalisation ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 N2403 Date: 2002-04-22 Title: Draft minutes of WG 2 meeting 41, Hotel Phoenix, Singapore; 2001-10-15/19 Source: V.S. Umamaheswaran ([email protected]), Recording Secretary Mike Ksar ([email protected]), Convener Action: WG 2 members and Liaison organizations Distribution: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 members and Liaison organizations 1 Opening and roll call Input document: N2367 2nd Call and updated preliminary agenda – WG 2 meeting 41; Ksar; 2001-08-10 The convener Mr. -
Written Culture in a Colonial Context African History
Written Culture in a Colonial Context African History VOLUME 2 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.nl/afh Written Culture in a Colonial Context Africa and the Americas 1500 - 1900 Edited by Adrien Delmas Nigel Penn LEIDEN • BOSTON LEIDEN • BOSTON 2012 Cover illustration: The Treaty of Waitangi – replica and photo, Daniel Reeve This book is printed on acid-free paper. This book was earlier published under ISBN 9781919895260 by UCT Press , Cape Town, South Africa (2011). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Written culture in a colonial context : Africa and the Americas, 1500-1900 / edited by Adrien Delmas, Nigel Penn. p. cm. -- (African history ; v. 2) Papers first presented at a conference at the University of Cape Town in Dec. 2008. Previously published: UCT Press, 2011. Includes index. ISBN 978-90-04-22389-9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Written communication--Africa--History-- Congresses. 2. Written communication--America--History--Congresses. 3. Communication and culture--Africa--History--Congresses. 4. Communication and culture--America-- History--Congresses. 5. Cultural relations--History--Congresses. 6. Africa--Colonization-- History--Congresses. 7. America--Colonization--History--Congresses. I. Delmas, Adrien. II. Penn, Nigel. III. Series: African history (Brill Academic Publishers) ; v. 2. P211.3.A35W75 2012 302.2’24409--dc23 2011047480 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.nl/brill-typeface. ISSN 2211-1441 ISBN 978 90 04 22389 9 (paperback) ISBN 978 90 04 22524 4 (e-book) Copyright 2012 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. -
Ancient and Other Scripts
The Unicode® Standard Version 13.0 – Core Specification To learn about the latest version of the Unicode Standard, see http://www.unicode.org/versions/latest/. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trade- mark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. Unicode and the Unicode Logo are registered trademarks of Unicode, Inc., in the United States and other countries. The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this specification, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. The Unicode Character Database and other files are provided as-is by Unicode, Inc. No claims are made as to fitness for any particular purpose. No warranties of any kind are expressed or implied. The recipient agrees to determine applicability of information provided. © 2020 Unicode, Inc. All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction. For information regarding permissions, inquire at http://www.unicode.org/reporting.html. For information about the Unicode terms of use, please see http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html. The Unicode Standard / the Unicode Consortium; edited by the Unicode Consortium. — Version 13.0. Includes index. ISBN 978-1-936213-26-9 (http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode13.0.0/) 1. -
Action Research to Improve Youth and Adult Literacy
Action research to improve youth and adult literacy Empowering learners in a multilingual world Hassana Alidou and Christine Glanz (eds) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Action research to improve youth and adult literacy Empowering learners in a multilingual world Hassana Alidou and Christine Glanz (eds) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 2 Published by the UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) and UNESCO Multi-sectoral Regional Office in Abuja © 2015 UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) Some rights reserved. The UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) is a policy-driven international research, training, information and documentation centre of UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). Active in all regions of the world, it focuses on adult and continuing education, literacy and non- formal basic education in the perspective of lifelong learning. Its publications are a valuable resource for educational researchers, planners, policymakers and practitioners. Reproduction and dissemination of material from this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorised without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided that the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material from this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission from the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to the Head of Publication, UIL, Feldbrunnenstrasse 58, 20148 Hamburg, Germany (e-mail: [email protected]) The choice and the presentation of the facts contained in this book and the opinions expressed herein are not necessarily those of UNESCO and represent no commitment on the part of the Organizations. -
Fonts & Encodings
Fonts & Encodings Yannis Haralambous To cite this version: Yannis Haralambous. Fonts & Encodings. O’Reilly, 2007, 978-0-596-10242-5. hal-02112942 HAL Id: hal-02112942 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02112942 Submitted on 27 Apr 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ,title.25934 Page iii Friday, September 7, 2007 10:44 AM Fonts & Encodings Yannis Haralambous Translated by P. Scott Horne Beijing • Cambridge • Farnham • Köln • Paris • Sebastopol • Taipei • Tokyo ,copyright.24847 Page iv Friday, September 7, 2007 10:32 AM Fonts & Encodings by Yannis Haralambous Copyright © 2007 O’Reilly Media, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472. O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are also available for most titles (safari.oreilly.com). For more information, contact our corporate/institutional sales department: (800) 998-9938 or [email protected]. Printing History: September 2007: First Edition. Nutshell Handbook, the Nutshell Handbook logo, and the O’Reilly logo are registered trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Fonts & Encodings, the image of an axis deer, and related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc. -
UAX #44: Unicode Character Database
Technical Reports Proposed Update Unicode® Standard Annex #44 UNICODE CHARACTER DATABASE Version Unicode 10.0.0 (draft 4) Editors Mark Davis ([email protected]), Laurențiu Iancu ([email protected]) and Ken Whistler ([email protected]) Date 2016-10-19 This Version http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/tr44-19.html Previous Version http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/tr44-18.html Latest Version http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/ Latest Proposed http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/proposed.html Update Revision 19 Summary This annex provides the core documentation for the Unicode Character Database (UCD). It describes the layout and organization of the Unicode Character Database and how it specifies the formal definitions of the Unicode Character Properties. Status This is a draft document which may be updated, replaced, or superseded by other documents at any time. Publication does not imply endorsement by the Unicode Consortium. This is not a stable document; it is inappropriate to cite this document as other than a work in progress. A Unicode Standard Annex (UAX) forms an integral part of the Unicode Standard, but is published online as a separate document. The Unicode Standard may require conformance to normative content in a Unicode Standard Annex, if so specified in the Conformance chapter of that version of the Unicode Standard. The version number of a UAX document corresponds to the version of the Unicode Standard of which it forms a part. Please submit corrigenda and other comments with the online reporting form [Feedback]. Related information that is useful in understanding this annex is found in Unicode Standard Annex #41, “Common References for Unicode Standard Annexes.” For the latest version of the Unicode Standard, see [Unicode]. -
Translating the Lord's Prayer Into Finnish and the Komi Languages: A
Translating the Lord’s Prayer into Finnish and the Komi languages: A construction analytic view Перевод молитвы «Отче наш» на финский и коми языки: анализ конструкций Ahlholm M., Kuosmanen A. Алхольм М., Куосманен А. This article presents translations of the Lord’s Prayer in three Finno- Ugric languages with long literary traditions: Finnish, Komi-Zyrian, and Komi-Permyak, starting with a short overview of the history of the Prayer in the three languages. The theoretical framework combines semantic priming as defined by Anna Wierzbicka and construction analysis as presented by Adele Goldberger. The lexical and constructional choices of the translations are scrutinized phrase by phrase, placing the semantic exegesis alongside the history of translating the Prayer into the three languages. The results show a cross-analysis of the simple core message of the Prayer versus the oral and literal language-specific histories of prayer constructions in these three related but autonomous Finno-Ugric languages. Keywords: Lord’s Prayer translations, liturgical texts, Finnish, Komi-Zyrian, Komi-Permyak В данной статье анализируются переводы молитвы «Отче наш» на три финно-угорских языка с давними литературными традициями: финский, коми-зырянский и коми-пермяцкий, делается их краткий исторический обзор. Теоретическая база исследования объединяет семантические примитивы, предложенные Анной Вежбицкой, и анализ конструкций, представленный Аделью Голдбергер. Выбор лексики и конструкций в переводных текстах тщательно исследу- ется фраза за фразой, семантические толкования рассматриваются Родной язык 1, 2019 Translating the Lord’s Prayer… 147 параллельно с историей перевода молитвы на три языка. Результаты показывают кросс-анализ простого основного послания молитвы в сравнении с устными и буквальными лингвоспецифическими историями конструкций Молитвы в трех родственных, но само- стоятельных финно-угорских языках. -
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 N4350 Date: 2013-05-07
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 N4350 Date: 2013-05-07 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 Universal Character Set (UCS) - ISO/IEC 10646 Secretariat: ANSI Title: SC2/WG2 partial document register (N4250 – N4427) Source: Mike Ksar – Convener Action: Review contributions for the next SC2/WG2. Distribution: SC2/WG2 experts and Liaison Organizations SC2/WG2 Register Document Ranges File Name Document Ranges From To File size N4350 N4250 – N4350 2012-10-03 2013-05-07 350KB N4250 N4256 – N4384 2012-10-01 2012-11-06 512KB N4100 N4046 – N4255 2010-10-08 2012-02-27 397KB N4000 N3800 – N4045 2008-10-08 2011-05-11 440KB N3800 N3505 – N3948 2008-08-17 2010-10-14 550KB N3550 N3550 - N3599 2008-04-07 2009-03-30 460KB N3450 N3288 – N3547 2007-07-23 2008-10-16 634KB N3400 N3250 – N3476 2007-09-05 2008-04-24 450KB + N3350 N3250 – N3436 2007-09-05 2008-04-09 428KB N3250 N3000 – N3316 2005-01-27 2007-08-29 508KB + N3000 N2855 – N3107 2005-01-27 2006-01-10 278KB N2950 N2650 – N3006 2003-10-27 2005-09-15 644KB N2700 N2190 – N2721 2003-03-14 2004-02-09 1220KB N2300 N1600 – N2360 with some Links 1997-07-04 2001-04-05 1550KB N1500 N1400 – N1604 1996-08-02 1997-07-04 589KB N1300 N0001 – N1270 with some Links 1984/June 1986 1995-10-20 255KB N1299 N1200 – N1465 1995-05-03 1996-11-28 311KB Number T I T L E Source Date N4427 IRG Meeting Summary Lu Qin Pending N4426 IRG Meeting No. -
Overview and Rationale
Integration Panel: Maximal Starting Repertoire — MSR-5 Overview and Rationale REVISION – APRIL 06, 2021 – PUBLIC COMMENT Table of Contents 1 Overview 3 2 Maximal Starting Repertoire (MSR-5) 3 2.1 Files 3 2.1.1 Overview 3 2.1.2 Normative Definition 4 2.1.3 HTML Presentation 4 2.1.4 Code Charts 4 2.2 Determining the Contents of the MSR 5 2.3 Process of Deciding the MSR 6 3 Scripts 8 3.1 Comprehensiveness and Staging 8 3.2 What Defines a Related Script? 9 3.3 Separable Scripts 9 3.4 Deferred Scripts 9 3.5 Historical and Obsolete Scripts 9 3.6 Selecting Scripts and Code Points for the MSR 10 3.7 Scripts Appropriate for Use in Identifiers 10 3.8 Modern Use Scripts 11 3.8.1 Common and Inherited 12 3.8.2 Scripts included in MSR-1 12 3.8.3 Scripts added in MSR-2 12 3.8.4 Scripts added in MSR-3 through MSR-5 13 3.8.5 Modern Scripts Ineligible for the Root Zone 13 3.9 Scripts for Possible Future MSRs 13 3.10 Scripts Identified in UAX#31 as Not Suitable for identifiers 14 4 Exclusions of Individual Code Points or Ranges 16 4.1 Historic and Phonetic Extensions to Modern Scripts 16 4.2 Code Points That Pose Special Risks 17 4.3 Code Points with Strong Justification to Exclude 17 4.4 Code Points That May or May Not be Excludable from the Root Zone LGR 17 4.5 Non-spacing Combining Marks 18 Integration Panel: Maximal Starting Repertoire — MSR-3 Overview and Rationale 5 Discussion of Particular Code Points 20 5.1 Digits and Hyphen 20 5.2 CONTEXT O Code Points 21 5.3 CONTEXT J Code Points 21 5.4 Code Points Restricted for Identifiers 21 5.5 Compatibility -
Maximal Starting Repertoire — MSR-3 Overview and Rationale
Integration Panel: Maximal Starting Repertoire — MSR-3 Overview and Rationale REVISION – March 28, 2018 Table of Contents 1 Overview 3 2 Maximal Starting Repertoire (MSR-3) 3 2.1 Files 3 2.1.1 Overview 3 2.1.2 Normative Definition 3 2.1.3 Code Charts 4 2.2 Determining the Contents of the MSR 5 2.3 Process of Deciding the MSR 6 3 Scripts 7 3.1 Comprehensiveness and Staging 7 3.2 What Defines a Related Script? 8 3.3 Separable Scripts 8 3.4 Deferred Scripts 8 3.5 Historical and Obsolete Scripts 9 3.6 Selecting Scripts and Code Points for the MSR 9 3.7 Scripts Appropriate for Use in Identifiers 9 3.8 Modern Use Scripts 10 3.8.1 Common and Inherited 11 3.8.2 Scripts included in MSR-1 11 3.8.3 Scripts added in MSR-2 11 3.8.4 Scripts added in MSR-3 12 3.8.5 Modern Scripts Ineligible for the Root Zone 12 3.9 Scripts for Possible Future MSRs 12 3.10 Scripts Identified in UAX#31 as Not Suitable for identifiers 13 4 Exclusions of Individual Code Points or Ranges 14 4.1 Historic and Phonetic Extensions to Modern Scripts 14 4.2 Code Points That Pose Special Risks 15 4.3 Code Points with Strong Justification to Exclude 15 4.4 Code Points That May or May Not be Excludable from the Root Zone LGR 15 4.5 Non-spacing Combining Marks 16 5 Discussion of Particular Code Points 18 Integration Panel: Maximal Starting Repertoire — MSR-3 Overview and Rationale 5.1 Digits and Hyphen 18 5.2 CONTEXT O Code Points 19 5.3 CONTEXT J Code Points 19 5.4 Code Points Restricted for Identifiers 19 5.5 Compatibility with IDNA2003 19 5.6 Code Points for Which the Encoding or