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Putnu Vērošana Slīteres Nacionālajā Parkā Ruslans Matrozis

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Putnu Vērošana Slīteres Nacionālajā Parkā Ruslans Matrozis Ruslans Matrozis Putnu vērošana Slīteres Nacionālajā parkā Ruslans Matrozis Putnu vērošana Slīteres Nacionālajā parkā Grāmata «Putnu vērošana Slīteres Nacionālajā parkā» veidota INTERREG Centrālā Baltijas jūras Sigulda reģiona programmas projekta «Putnu spārni (Baltic Wings) ̶ dabas tūrisms lauku ilgtspējīgai attīstībai» (Nr. CB663) ietvaros. 2020 The book «Bird Watching in Slītere National Park» has been prepared and published within the framework of the INTERREG Central Baltic Program project «Baltic Wings ̶ nature tourism for sustainable rural economic development» (No. CB663). SATURS Grāmatas nosaukums: Putnu vērošana Slīteres Nacionālajā parkā PAR AUTORU ............................................................................................................. 6 Title: Bird watching in Slītere National park BŪT BRĪVAM KĀ PUTNAM! ................................................................................... 7 Grāmatas autors (author of the book): Ruslans Matrozis PUTNOŠANA SLĪTERES NACIONĀLAJĀ PARKĀ ............................................ 8 Pirmās brīvvalsts periods (1918–1940) ................................................................. 10 Izdevējs (publisher): Dabas aizsardzības pārvalde/ Nature conversation agency of Latvia Slīteres Valsts rezervāta dibināšana XX gs. 50. gados .......................................... 15 Autortiesības: grāmatas kā vienota veseluma pavairošana atļauta tikai ar Dabas aizsardzības pārvaldes Migrējošo putnu uzskaites Kolkā 1958. gadā ........................................................ 15 rakstisku atļauju. Teksta, attēlu un fotogrāfiju autori saglabā autora personiskās tiesības. Melno pīļu skaitīšana Irbes šaurumā XX gs. 70. gados ......................................... 18 Copyright: reproduction of the book as a whole is not permitted without written permission from the Slīteres Valsts rezervāta ornitofaunas inventarizācija ............................................ 20 Nature conversation agency of Latvia. The authors of the text, images, and photos retain their personal rights as the authors. Putnu atlidošanas reģistrēšana ............................................................................... 23 Novērojumi par putnu lomu parastās īves sēklu izplatīšanā .................................. 25 Izgatavotājs (produced by): SIA «Jelgavas tipogrāfija» Kraukļa ekoloģijas pētījumi ................................................................................... 25 Medņu un rubeņu uzskaites ................................................................................... 28 Citu ornitologu pētījumi un uzskaites ................................................................... 29 Putnošana Kolkasragā un Slīteres Nacionālajā parkā (pēc 2000. gada) ................ 32 LIGZDOJOŠIE PUTNI ........................................................................................... 35 Meža putni ............................................................................................................. 35 Jūrmalas putni ........................................................................................................ 37 Apdzīvotu vietu putni ............................................................................................ 39 Lauku putni ............................................................................................................ 40 Purva putni ............................................................................................................. 41 Putnu vērošanas vietas Slīteres Nacionālajā parkā ................................................ 44 PUTNU MIGRĀCIJA – DABAS ŠOVS .................................................................. 54 Briesmas migrējošajiem putniem .......................................................................... 54 Putnu pavasara migrācija ....................................................................................... 55 © Dabas aizsardzības pārvalde, © Ruslans Matrozis Putnu rudens migrācija .......................................................................................... 56 Projekta vadītajā (Project management): Arta Krūmiņa Noformējums un makets (Design layout): Zane Rubene Dienas un nakts migranti ....................................................................................... 57 Zīmējumi (Drawings): Daiga Segliņa Migrējošie putni Slīteres NP un apkārtnē .............................................................. 58 Kartes (Maps): Ieva Ābeltiņa, Jānis Puga IETEIKUMI PUTNU VĒROŠANAI ...................................................................... 68 Korektūra (Proofreading): Anita Mellupe, Jūlija Spuriņa PATEICĪBAS .............................................................................................................. 70 IZMANTOTĀ LITERATŪRA ................................................................................. 71 BIRDWATCHING IN THE SLĪTERE NATIONAL PARK ................................... 74 Grāmata elektroniski pieejama Dabas aizsardzības pārvaldes BREEDING BIRDS .................................................................................................. 90 interneta vietnē www.daba.gov.lv. BIRD MIGRATION – A NATURE SHOW ............................................................. 95 The book is available electronically on the Nature Conservation MIGRATORY BIRDS IN SLĪTERE NP .................................................................. 97 Agency of Latvia website www.daba.gov.lv RULES FOR BIRDWATCHERS ............................................................................ 104 PUTNU VĒROŠANAS VIETAS CENTRĀLAJĀ BALTIJAS JŪRAS REĢIONĀ/ ISBN 978-9934-8905-3-6 BIRDING HOTSPOTS IN THE CENTRAL BALTIC AREA ............................. 106 5 Būt brīvam kā putnam! Ja kaut reizi esi vēlējies tā sajusties, tad Slīteres Nacionālais parks ir vieta tev. Vieta, kur vējš no visām pusēm tevi ieskauj, ar smilšu graudiem notraušot ikdienas putekļus un sārņus. Vieta, kur priežu sveķu un jūras sāļais smārds iesviež tevi dabas dzelmēs. Vieta, kur pavasarī un rudenī, pakļaujoties tikai dabas likumiem, notiek putnu migrācija. Nemainīgi. Katru gadu. Vakar. Šodien. Rīt. Cilvēki izsenis ir apbrīnojuši un mēģinājuši izprast un pētīt dabas procesus, un putni ir viens no senākajiem vērojumu objektiem, jo viņu uzvedības zīmes mūs brīdina gan par vētru jūrā, gan par agro pavasari vai vēlo rudeni. Viens no Slīteres Nacionālā parka izveides mērķiem ir saglabāt vietu, kur putniem būt tādiem, kādi tie ir. Būt dabīgā netaucētā, tipiskā vidē. Protams, mēs neesam atrauti no pārējās pasaules, un arī šeit mēs jūtam industrializācijas un urbanizācijas sekas. Par autoru Liels prieks, ka beidzot ir tapusi grāmata par putniem un cilvēkiem. Precīzāk Ruslans Matrozis dzimis 1975. gadā, bērnībā apmeklējis Jauno naturālistu pul- būtu teikt par putnu cilvēkiem, jo kas būtu putnu pētnieks bez putniem? Un kas būtu ciņu Rīgas Skolēnu pilī, jau 1990. gadā iestājies Latvijas Ornitoloģijas biedrībā Slīteres Nacionālais parks bez pētnieka? Es zinu atbildi – tikai viena no vairāk nekā un piedalījies zinātniskajās putnu uzskaitēs un putnu gredzenošanā. 2008. gadā trīssimt īpaši aizsargājamām dabas teritorijām Latvijā! Zināšanas ir tas, kas šo absolvējis Latvijas Universitātes Juridisko fakultāti. Autors ir precīzs darbos un vietu piepilda, padara īpašu, unikālu, vērtīgu un liek vārdu Nacionālais rakstīt ar padarītā uzskaitē: līdz 2020. gadam par putniem nopublicējis 132 rakstus, 25 gadu lielo burtu. Mūsu pētnieki ir valsts vērtība, lai gan dažiem no viņiem liktenis ir bijis laikā masu medijiem sniedzis 294 intervijas, ar referātiem un prezentācijām pie- īpaši skarbs, liedzot dzīvi dzimtenē. dalījies 33 semināros un konferencēs (tai skaitā četrās starptautiskajās). Slīteres Nacionālā parka teritorijā veicis putnu vērošanu un fotografēšanu kopš 1993.gada, Ikviens, kurš ierodas Slīteres Nacionālajā parkā un uzzina vai ierauga ko jaunu, ar ornitoloģijas vēstures izpēti nodarbojās kopš 2004. gada, ar referātu par Slīteres ceļ šīs vietas vērtību un nozīmību. Mēs aicinām uz Slīteres Nacionālo parku ikvienu, Nacionālā parka putnu pētījumu vēsturi uzstājies «SNP 95. jubilejas konferencē». kurš ir atvērts jaunajam, zināšanām un dabai! Dace Samīte Dabas aizsardzības pārvaldes Kurzemes reģionālās administrācijas vadītāja 6 7 kultūrvēsturiskā tūrisma galamērķiem. Apmeklētājiem tagad ir dota iespēja pabūt vienā no klusākajiem mūsu zemes reģioniem, kur Rīgas jūras līcis satiekas ar Irbes šaurumu: baudīt pastaigas, vērot mierīgu vai dusmīgu jūru un daudzus savvaļas putnus, apdzīvojošus vai migrējošus pāri šim reģionam. Pēdējos 40 gados Slīteres Nacionālā parka (turpmāk tekstā Slīteres NP) teritori- jā uzkrāta apjomīga informācija par 270 putnu sugu sastopamību, skaitu, fenoloģiju un ekoloģiju. Gandrīz katru gadu Kolkasragā novēro kādu jaunu, iepriekš teritorijā neredzētu, putnu sugu. Piemēram, 2019. gadā pirmo reizi šeit novērots klusais ķauķis (Iduna caligata). Atradumu laiks vēl nav beidzies! Šajā grāmatā sniegts ieskats par Slīteres NP putnu faunu, detalizētāk aprakstītas tipiskas un cilvēku uzmanību piesais- tošas sugas, īsumā izklāstīts, kā veidojušās zināšanas par vietējo ornitofaunu laikā no pirmajiem novēroto putnu aprakstiem no XX gs. 20. gadiem līdz 2020. gadam. Putnu vērotāji Kolkasragā pavasarī. Foto: Vladimirs Smislovs. Kas zināms par Slīteres putniem no pagātnes? Lielu impulsu zinātkāro cilvēku interesei par putnu daudzveidību deva Lielo Putnošana Slīteres Nacionālajā parkā ģeogrāfisko atklājumu laiks XV un XVI gadsimtā, kad ceļotāji publicēja ekspedīci- ju aprakstus
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