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Two New Species in Acantholimon Sect. Staticopsis (Plumbaginaceae) from Turkey

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Two New Species in Acantholimon Sect. Staticopsis (Plumbaginaceae) from Turkey Ann. Bot. Fennici 40: 53–58 ISSN 0003-3847 Helsinki 28 February 2003 © Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 2003 Two new species in Acantholimon sect. Staticopsis (Plumbaginaceae) from Turkey Musa Doğan1 & Galip Akaydın2 1) Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey 2) Department of Biology Education, Hacettepe University, 06532 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey Received 25 Jan. 2002, revised version received 30 Dec. 2002, accepted 2 Jan. 2003 Doğan, M. & Akaydın, G. 2003: Two new species in Acantholimon sect. Staticopsis (Plumbagi- naceae) from Turkey. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 40: 53–58. Acantholimon köycegizicum Doâan & Akaydın sp. nova and A. göksunicum Doâan & Akaydın sp. nova (Plumbaginaceae) are described and illustrated from Anatolia, Turkey. Acantholimon köycegizicum grows on serpentine mountain slopes between Köyceğiz and Kaplıcalar (C2 Muğla) in South West Anatolia, and A. göksunicum grows on calcareous mountain steppe in Göksun (B6 Kahramanmaraș) in SE Anatolia. The species are closely related to A. calvertii, an endemic confi ned to East Anatolia. Diag- nostic morphological characters are discussed. A revised key to Turkish Acantholimon species with 2–5-branched terminal spikes and previous yearsʼ stem with persistent circinate leaf bases is also presented along with notes on the ecology, biogeography and conservational status of the new species. Key words: Acantholimon, Plumbaginaceae, taxonomy Introduction The fi rst revision of the genus Acantholimon was done by Bokhari and Edmondson (1982) for The genus Acantholimon was fi rst described by the Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Boissier (1879). It is distributed from SE Europe in which they recognised 25 species. They also to Central Asia and some of the species are also mentioned the possibility of fi nding some other found in South America. The genus has consid- species either imperfectly known (two species) erable ornamental importance due to the nicely or doubtfully recorded (nine species). coloured and long-lasting fl owers. Bokhari and Edmondson (1982) placed all Bokhari (1970) carried out some studies on Acantholimon species found in Turkey in three the genus and described fi ve new species (Acan- sections, namely Acantholimon, Tragacanthina tholimon confertifl orum, A. dianthifolium, A. and Staticopsis. One can easily recognize the halophilum, A. refl exifolium and A. strigillosum) members of sect. Tragacanthina by their lax from Turkey. Bokhari (1972) also studied the paniculate infl orescenses and a tubular calyx. stigma and the pollen types of Turkish Acan- In sect. Acantholimon, the infl orescence is capi- tholimon for taxonomic reasons. tate and the spikelets are (1–)2–5 fl owered and 54 Doâan & Akaydın • ANN. BOT. FENNICI Vol. 40 2–6 bracteate. In sect. Staticopsis, the leaves are collected from B8 Erzurum (Turkey), is known monomorphic and the infl orescence is a simple from a few localities in East Anatolia. While or branched spike. The latter section embraces examining its specimens for comparative study, 21 of the species cited in the Flora. The section another group of specimens was noticed. These was further divided into three subsections (Cary- specimens had been collected from Göksun (B6 ophyllacea, Androsacea and Microcalycina). The Kahramanmaraș) where they grew on calcareous subsectional grouping is entirely based on the mountain steppe at 2100 m. These interesting infl orescence type and it provides great assist- specimens were cross-checked with some of the ance to those trying to identify Acantholimon fl oras, such as Flora Orientalis (Boissier 1879), specimens but, nevertheless, the infrageneric Flora Iranica (Rechinger & Schiman-Czeika classifi cation seems to be far from natural. 1974), Flora Europaea (Tutin et al. 1972), Flora A study conducted by Muvaffak (1997) of USSR (Komarov 1967), and Flora of Syria, showed that there are nine species of Palestine and Sinai (Post 1933). Acantholimon in the Ankara province. A recent Laboratory studies showed that the two groups numerical taxonomic study showed that the of specimens represented new species of subsect. species of Acantholimon found in Ankara Androsacea in sect. Staticopsis. Materials of belong to the subsections Caryophyllacea, Acantholimon calvertii, either collected by Doğan Halophiliacea and Androsacea of sect. Static- and Akaydın in the fi eld or from the three main opsis. Subsect. Halophiliacea, based on A. Turkish herbaria in Ankara (ANK, GAZI and halophilum, was described for the fi rst time HUB) were examined. Boissierʼs specimens cited (Muvaffak et al. 2001). in his Flora Orientalis were also examined at G Since the year 2000, as a part of a revisional between 12–15 March 2002, and the presence of study on the genus Acantholimon, the authors A. laxifl orum in Turkey (C5 Hatay) was discov- have carried out extensive fi eld studies in Turkey ered for the fi rst time. Therefore, A. laxifl orum is and collected a large number of specimens. also included in the key because of its circinate Examination of these specimens revealed fi ve leaf bases and placement in sect. Staticopsis. new species, A. birandii (Doğan & Akaydın The author abbreviations follow Brummitt 2001), A. avanosicum (Doğan & Akaydın and Powell (1992). 2002a), A. karamanicum (Akaydın & Doğan 2002), A. yildizelicum (Akaydın 2002) and A. anatolicum (Doğan & Akaydın 2002b). Taxonomic treatment During the fi eld studies carried out between July and September 2001, a few specimens Acantholimon köycegizicum Doğan & which at fi rst looked liked Acantholimon Akaydın, sp. nova (sect. Staticopsis calvertii because of having a branched terminal subsect. Androsacea) (Figs. 1 and 3) spike and also having previous yearsʼ stems with persistent circinate leaf bases, were collected Affi nis A. calvertii sed differt foliis vernalibus from two different areas in Turkey. However, rigidus, glaucascentibus; caulibus e foliis exser- since then we also found robust and spiny “A. tibus, 7–8 foliatis, 2–5 spicatis, etc. calvertii” specimens in Köyceğiz (C2 Muğla, sensu Davis 1965) on serpentine rocks on TYPE: Turkey. C2 Muğla: Köyceğiz around Sultaniye, serpantine slopes, 20 m, 23.VIII.2001 Doğan & Akaydın the SW coast at 20 m altitude. Acantholimon 7237 (holotype ANK). calvertii is a highland endemic and normally grows at an altitude between 1210 and 3535 m in Laxly pulvinate shrublet. Bases of previ- East Anatolia. The size of the scapes, the number ous yearsʼ leaves persistent, circinate, borne of fl orets in each spike, the type of habitat and a on long branches. Leaves linear-triquetrous, few other properties of the specimens collected 20–32 × 1–1.5 mm, glabrous, glaucous, erect- from Köyceğiz were indeed quite different from patent, scabridulous on margin. Scapes exceed- A. calvertii. ing leaves, 17–27 cm, 7–8 scaled, puberulous. Acantholimon calvertii which was fi rst Scales 8–9.5 mm, acuminate, glabrous, brown- ANN. BOT. FENNICI Vol. 40 • Two new species in Acantholimon sect. Staticopsis from Turkey 55 Fig. 1. Acantholimon köyc- egizicum. — A: Habit. — B: Bracts. — C: Outer bract. — D–E: Inner bracts. — F: Calyx. — G: Spikelet. ish, hyaline on margins. Infl orescence a dense, pentine mountain slopes along the coastline, ca. terminal 2–5 branched spike. Spike densely dis- 20 m. Flowers in July–August. This new spe- tichous, 15–40 mm, with 8–16 spikelets. Spike- cies grows with various Mediterranean lowland lets 1-fl owered, 11.5–13 mm. Bracts subequal, plants in Pinus brutia forest. puberulous; outer bracts 6.5–7 mm, lanceolate, acute to cuspidate, slightly hyaline on margins; CONSERVATIONAL STATUS: The specimens collected in C2 Muğla where the species seems to be very rare and local. inner bracts 8–9 mm, lanceolate, acute to mucro- It should be graded as Critically Endangered (CR; (IUCN nate, broadly hyaline on margins. Calyx 11– 2001), because of its local distribution and rather a small 12 mm; tube longer than limb, densely pilose; population size. limb brown, 10-lobed; veins not excurrent, dark ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED (paratypes). Turkey. C2 Muğla: Between Köyceğiz and Kaplıcalar, serpentine brown, pilose on lower half. Petals pink. slopes, 20 m, 23.VIII.2001 Doğan & Akaydın 7238 (ANK); DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY: SW Anatolia, C2 Muğla: Köyceğiz, Sultaniye Köyü, Kersele, 20 m, 24.VII endemic. Mediterranean element. Habitat ser- 1992 A. Güner 10689 (GAZI). 56 Doâan & Akaydın • ANN. BOT. FENNICI Vol. 40 Fig. 2. Acantholimon gök- sunicum. — A: Habit. — B: Bracts. — C: Outer bract. — D–E: Inner bracts. — F: Calyx. — G: Spikelet. Fig. 3. Distribution of (᭿) Acantholimon köycegizicum and (᭹) Acantholimon göksunicum in Turkey. ANN. BOT. FENNICI Vol. 40 • Two new species in Acantholimon sect. Staticopsis from Turkey 57 Acantholimon göksunicum Doğan & linear, fl exuous, 15–31 × 0.8–1 mm, sparsely Akaydın, sp. nova (sect. Staticopsis puberulent, ciliate on margins. Scapes exceed- subsect. Androsacea) (Figs. 2 and 3) ing leaves, 5–8 cm, 1-scaled, with 2-branched terminal spikes. Scales 6.5–8 mm, acuminate, Affi nis A. calvertii sed differt caulibus e foliis sparsely puberulent, hyaline on margins in lower exsertibus, fragilibus, 1-foliatis, 2–spicatis, etc. part. Spikes densely distichous, 15–25 mm, with 8–12 spikelets. Spikelets 1-fl owered, 12–13 mm. TYPE: Turkey. B6 Kahramanmaraș: Göksun, between Bracts unequal, purple-tinged, ciliate; outer bract Kurucaova and Güneyoluk, calcareous slopes, 2100 m, 8.VII.2001 Doğan & Akaydın 6797 (holotype ANK). 4.5–5 mm, ovate, acute-mucronate, broadly hyaline
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