DOCSLIB.ORG

Gypsophila Sphaerocephala Fenzl Ex Tchihat.: a Boron

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Gypsophila Sphaerocephala Fenzl Ex Tchihat.: a Boron TurkJBot 28(2004)273-278 ©TÜB‹TAK ResearchArticle Gypsophilasphaerocephala FenzlexTchihat.:ABoron HyperaccumulatorPlantSpeciesThatMayPhytoremediateSoils withToxicBLevels MehmetBABAO⁄LU DepartmentofFieldCrops,FacultyofAgriculture,SelçukUniversity,42031Kampüs,Konya-TURKEY [email protected] SaitGEZG‹N DepartmentofSoilScience&PlantNutrition,FacultyofAgriculture,SelçukUniversity,42031,Kampüs,Konya-TURKEY AliTOPAL DepartmentofFieldCrops,FacultyofAgriculture,SelçukUniversity,42031Kampüs,Konya-TURKEY BayramSADE DepartmentofFieldCrops,FacultyofAgriculture,SelçukUniversity,42031Kampüs,Konya-TURKEY HüseyinDURAL DepartmentofBiology,FacultyofArts&Science,SelçukUniversity,42031Kampüs,Konya-TURKEY Received:06.03.2003 Accepted:05.09.2003 Abstract: Analyseswerecarriedouttoidentifyboron(B)hyperaccumulatingplantspeciesinanactivelyB-minedareaofKırka, Eskiflehir,Turkey.Only4plantspecies, Gypsophilasphaerocephala FenzlexTchihat.var. sphaerocephala (Caryophyllaceae), Gypsophilaperfoliata L.(Caryophyllaceae),Puccinelliadistans (Jacq.)Parl.subsp. distans (Gramineae)andElymuselongatus (Host) Runemarksubsp.turcicus (McGuire)Melderis( Gramineae),wereidentifiedinthehighestB-containingsectionsofthemine.The specieswerefoundgrowingsuccessfullyunderhightotal(8900mgkg-1)andavailable(277mgkg-1)soilBconcentrations.Among theseplantspecies, G.sphaerocephala containedconsiderablyhigherBconcentrationsinitsabove-groundparts(2093±199SD mgkg-1,seeds;3345±341SDmgkg -1,leaves),comparedtotheroots(51±11SDmgkg -1)andorgansoftheotherspeciesas revealedbyanalysesusinganICP-AES(Varian,Vistamodel)instrument.Thisspecieswasfollowedby G.perfoliata withrespectto Bconcentrationsinitsvariousorgans.ThisstudyshowsthatG.sphaerocephala wasnotonlyabletogrowonheavilyB-contaminated soils,butwasalsoabletoaccumulateextraordinarilyhighconcentrationsofB.Thisprovidesanewplantgenotypetoexplore the mechanism(s)ofBhyperaccumulationwhichmayleadtoidentifyingthegene(s)conferringB-resistanceandtophytominingof contaminatedsoils,especiallywhereB-toxicitysymptomsoccur.Toourknowledge,therearenoreportsavailableonthe hyperaccumulationofB,althoughmanyreportsareavailableonthephytoremediationofmetalliferoussoilsthatcontainexcess amountsofZn,Mn,Cu,Co,Pb,AlandNi. KeyWords: Boronmine,Elymus,ICP-AES,phytoremediation,Puccinellia,tolerance Gypsophilasphaerocephala FenzlexTchihat:ToksikSeviyedeBor‹çerenTopraklarınBitkisel YollaTemizlenmesindeKullanılabilecekHiperAkümülaBirBitkiTürü Özet: Eskiflehir‹li,Kırka‹lçesi’ndehalenfaaliyettebulunanbirbor(B)madenialanındado¤alolarakyetiflenpotansiyelhiper akümülatör(aflırıbiriktirici)bitkitürleriarafltırılmıfltır.Madenalanında Gypsophilasphaerocephala FenzlexTchihat.var. sphaerocephala (Caryophyllaceae), Gypsophilaperfoliata L.( Caryophyllaceae), Puccinelliadistans (Jacq.)Parl.subsp. distans (Gramineae)veElymuselongatus (Host)Runemarksubsp.turcicus (McGuire)Melderis(Gramineae)olmaküzeresadece4bitkitürü tespitedilmifltir.Butürleryüksektoplamtoprakboru(8900mgkg-1)veelverifllitoprakboru(277mgkg-1)konsantrasyonlarında baflarılıbirflekildeyetiflmektedirler.ICP-AtomikEmisyonSpektrofotometre(VarianVistaModel)ileyapılananalizlersonucu,d i¤er türlerlekarflılafltırıldı¤ında,G.asphaerocephala‘nıntopraküstüaksamındaoldukçayüksekkonsantrasyonlarda(2093±199SDmg kg-1,tohum;3345±341SDmgkg -1,yapraklar)Biçerdi¤i,köklerindeiseBkonsantrasyonudahadüflük(51±11SDmgkg -1) bulunmufltur.Biçeri¤ibakımındanbutürü G.perfoliata takipetmifltir. G.sphaerocephala ‘nınyüksekBtoksitebelirtilerinin görüldü¤ütopraklardayetifltirilmesiylehiperakümülasyonyoluylabitkiselmadencilikyapılabilece¤igözükmektedir.Literatürdedi¤er a¤ırmetalveyaelementlerle(Zn,Mn,Cu,Co,Pb,AlveNi)ilgilibirçokbildirimolmasınakar?ınBelementiileilgiliherha ngibir bildirimerastlanmamıfltır.Buçalıflmabuyöndenbirilkniteli¤indedir. AnahtarSözcükler: Bormadeni,Elymus,ICP-AES,bitkiseltemizleme,Puccinellia,hiperakümülatör 273 Gypsophilasphaerocephala FenzlexTchihat.:ABoronHyperaccumulatorPlantSpeciesThatMayPhytoremediateSoilswithToxicBLevels Introduction beenrecentinterestinAsaccumulationbyferns(Maet -1 Phytoremediationistheuseofplantstomakesoil al.,2001),andaplantwhichaccumulates3000mgkg contaminantsnon-toxicandisoneformof Alhasalsobeenidentified(Kochianetal.,2002),but bioremediation.Plantswhichuptakehighlevelsofan verylittleisknowntodateaboutabnormalaccumulation elementfromsoilarecalledhyperaccumulators;these ofBbyplants. arenowbeingcloselyinvestigated,bothbymolecular Bothdeficienciesandtoxicitiesofmicro-elementscan techniquesandbysoil/plantanalyses,atthesiteswhere suppressplantgrowth.Whenpresentatincreasedlevels theyoccur.Thetermphytoremediationgenerallyrefers ofbio-availability,bothessentialmicronutrients(Cu,Zn, tophytostabilizationandphytoextraction.In Mn,Fe,Ni,MoandB)andnon-essentialmetals phytostabilisation,soilamendmentsandplantsareused (micronutrientanalogues,e.g.Cd,Pb,HgandCr)are toalterthechemicalandphysicalstateoftheheavy toxic(Baker&Brooks,1989).Boccursinmanyrocks metalcontaminantsinthesoil.Inphytoextraction, andsoilsattotalconcentrationsof5-50mgkg -1,andis plantsareusedtoremovecontaminantsfromthesoil normallypresentinplantleaftissueatconcentrationsof andarethenharvestedforprocessing(Karenlampiet 10-50mgkg -1.However,manyspecies,including al.,2000). importantcerealssuchaswheat,arequitesensitiveto Thetermhyperaccumulatorwasfirstusedinrelation elevatedBintheirtissues,andshowseveretoxicity toplantscontainingmorethan1000µgg -1 (0.1%)Niin symptomsattissuelevelsofabout50mgkg -1.Such drytissue(Jaffreetal.,1976;Brooksetal.,1977).A levelscanbefoundintissueswhentheavailablesoilB laterpublication(Baker&Brooks,1989)extendedthe exceeds3mgkg -1. useofthetermtoincludeplantscontainingmorethan Recently,Gezginetal.(2002)surveyedtheB 1%ZnorMn,ormorethan0.1%Cu,Co,CrandPb.The contentsof898soilsamplesfrom7provincesin abilityof Thlaspicaerulescens L.toaccumulateZnto Turkey;Konya,Afyon,Karaman,Aksaray,Ni¤de, -1 morethan10,000µgg (1%)indrytissuehasbeen NevflehirandKayseri.Theseregionsencompass3.5 knownsincethe1860s,butithasbecomeapparentfrom millionhaofcultivatedlandinCentralSouthern morerecentworkthatseveralspeciesofthisgenuscan Anatolia.Accordingtothesurvey,nearly50%ofsoilsin alsohyperaccumulate(Reeves&Brooks,1983;Reeves, theseprovincescontainedlowlevelsofavailableBwhich 1988)frommetal-richsoilsandcanhyperaccumulatea canbecorrectedbyexternalBapplicationsintheform widervarietyofmetals(includingCd,MnandCo)from ofboraxorboricacid.However,another18%ofsoils amendednutrientsolutions(Bakeretal.,1994).There inthisregioncontainBatmorethanthecriticalupper hasalsobeenrecentinterestinhigh-CdpopulationsofT. levelforavailablesoilB,whichisconsideredtobe3mg caerulescens fromminesoils(Robinsonetal.,1998; kg-1 (Keren&Bingham,1985)formostcrops. Reevesetal.,2001). Accordingly,strategiesshouldbedevelopedeitherby Plantssuitableforphytoremediationshouldpossess breedingB-tolerantgenotypes(whichmaytakemany (a)anabilitytoaccumulatethetargetedmetal(s), yearstoachieve),orbyphytoremediationwithB- preferablyintheaerialparts;(b)tolerancetothemetal accumulatingspecies.Thiscouldofferenormous concentrationsaccumulated;(c)fastgrowthofthemetal advantagesatsuchsitesbyhelpingtowidentheareasin accumulatingbiomass;and(d)easeofcultivationand whichcerealscouldbecultivatedwithoutsufferingyield harvesting(Baker&Brooks,1989).Chaneyetal.(1997) reductions.Soilamendmentsbyconventionaltechniques havearguedthatmetaltoleranceandhyperaccumulation suchasleachingorincreasingpHbyliming(Nableetal., aremoreimportantfactorsthanhighbiomass 1997)forincreasedBadsorptiononsoilseemnotto production. suitCentralAnatolianconditionsduetoitslowannual Arecentlistofhyperaccumulatorsforseveralmetals rainfallandwatershortages,andthehighlimecontent (Zn,Cd,Pb,Ni,Cu,SeandMn)hasbeenpublished ofthesoils.Forthisreason,B-accumulatingspecieshave (Reeves&Baker,2000).Thisworkdidnotconsider beensoughtthroughastudyofplantsgrowinginaB- severalotherelements,suchasB,AsandAl.Therehas miningarea. 274 M.BABAO⁄LU,S.GEZG‹N,A.TOPAL,B.SADE,H.DURAL MaterialsandMethods InadditiontoplantsamplesfromtheKırkaminearea, Plantsspecieswerecollectedon21August2001 Gypsophilaperfoliata L.( Caryophyllaceae)plantswere fromEtiborCo.,TurkeyaB-miningareaofKırka, alsocollectedfromÇomaklı,Konyaforcomparison Eskiflehir(lat43o 19’23’’long28o 28’24’’atanaltitude purposes.Thesesamplesnaturallygrowonsoilsnearthe of1125m).ThisisoneoftherichestBminesinthe experimentalareaoftheFacultyofAgriculture.Thiswas theonlyspeciesgrowinginboththisareaandintheKırka world,withaboraxyieldof25%(w/w),3timesricher minearea. thananyotherBmineintheworld.Inaddition,65%of worldBreservesareinTurkey,withanestimatedvalue ExtractableBconcentrationsinsoilweredetermined ofnearly700billionUSD(personalcommunication,Mr. accordingtothemethodofCartwrightetal.(1983)by B.M.Temizkalp). extractionwith0.01Mmannitolplus0.01MCaCl2 using asoil:solutionratioof1:5andashakingtimeof16h. Plantsamplesalongwiththeirrepresentativesoils(0- TheBextractedwasdeterminedbyICP-AES.TotalBin 50cmdeep)werecollectedfromthearea.Samplesof thesoilwasdeterminedbybothmixedaciddigestionand surfacesoilswerecollectedfrompitsmeasuring20x20 sodiumcarbonate(Na CO )fusion(Bingham,1982). x20cm.Allsampleswereindividuallyputintoplastic 2 3 bags,whichweredirectlybroughttothelaboratoryfor descriptionsandanalyses.Roots,stems,leaves,seedsand ResultsandDiscussion spikeswhereappropriatewereseparated. TheBcontentsoftheplantspeciesdescribedare Allplantsampleswerecarefullywashedwithwaterto givenintheTable.Intheminingarea,thepredominantly removeanytracesofsoilandwerethenoven-driedat70 occurringplantswere Gypsophilasphaerocephala Fenzl oCfor48hbeforedryweightsweremeasured.Samples
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Functional Characterization of NRAMP3 and NRAMP4 from the Metal Hyperaccumulator Thlaspi Caerulescens
    Research FunctionalBlackwellOxford,NPHNew0028-646X1469-8137©269410.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02694.xNovember0637???650???OriginalXX The Phytologist Authors UK Article Publishing 2008 (2008). Ltd Journal compilation © New Phytologist (2008) characterization of XX NRAMP3 and NRAMP4 from the metal hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens Ronald J. F. J. Oomen1,7*, Jian Wu2,3*, Françoise Lelièvre1, Sandrine Blanchet1, Pierre Richaud4,5,6, Hélène Barbier-Brygoo1, Mark G. M. Aarts2 and Sébastien Thomine1 1Institut des Sciences du Végétal, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; 2Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Arboretumlaan 4, NL–6703 BD Wageningen, The Netherlands; 3Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhongguancun South Street 12, Beijing 100081, China; 4CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Bioenerget Biotechnol Bacteries & Microalgues, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F–13108, France; 5CNRS, UMR Biol Veget & Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F–13108, France; 6Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France; 7(current address) Biochimie & Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR5004, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM II, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France Summary Author for correspondence: • The ability of metal hyperaccumulating plants to tolerate and accumulate heavy Ronald J. F. J. Oomen metals results from adaptations of metal homeostasis. NRAMP metal transporters Tel: +33499613152 were found to be highly expressed in some hyperaccumulating plant species. Fax: +33467525737 TcNRAMP3 TcNRAMP4 Email: [email protected] • Here, we identified and , the closest homologues to AtNRAMP3 and AtNRAMP4 in Thlaspi caerulescens and characterized them by 29 August 2008 Received: expression analysis, confocal imaging and heterologous expression in yeast and Accepted: 21 October 2008 Arabidopsis thaliana.
    [Show full text]
  • Nickel Hyperaccumulation As an Elemental Defense of Streptanthus
    Research NickelBlackwell Publishing, Ltd. hyperaccumulation as an elemental defense of Streptanthus polygaloides (Brassicaceae): influence of herbivore feeding mode Edward M. Jhee1, Robert S. Boyd1 and Micky D. Eubanks2 1Department of Biological Sciences and 2Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5407, USA Summary Author for correspondence: • No study of a single nickel (Ni) hyperaccumulator species has investigated the Robert S. Boyd impact of hyperaccumulation on herbivores representing a variety of feeding modes. Tel: +1 334 844 1626 • Streptanthus polygaloides plants were grown on high- or low-Ni soils and a series Fax: +1 334 844 1645 Email: [email protected] of no-choice and choice feeding experiments was conducted using eight arthropod herbivores. Herbivores used were two leaf-chewing folivores (the grasshopper Received: 12 March 2005 Melanoplus femurrubrum and the lepidopteran Evergestis rimosalis), a dipteran Accepted: 24 May 2005 rhizovore (the cabbage maggot Delia radicum), a xylem-feeder (the spittlebug Philaenus spumarius), two phloem-feeders (the aphid, Lipaphis erysimi and the spidermite Trialeurodes vaporariorum) and two cell-disruptors (the bug Lygus lineolaris and the whitefly Tetranychus urticae). • Hyperaccumulated Ni significantly decreased survival of the leaf-chewers and rhizovore, and significantly reduced population growth of the whitefly cell-disruptor. However, vascular tissue-feeding insects were unaffected by hyperaccumulated Ni, as was the bug cell-disruptor. •We conclude that Ni can defend against tissue-chewing herbivores but is ineffective against vascular tissue-feeding herbivores. The effects of Ni on cell-disruptors varies, as a result of either variation of insect Ni sensitivity or the location of Ni in S.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of Heavy Metal Tolerance, Accumulation and Recovery in Hyperaccumulator Plant Species
    STUDY OF HEAVY METAL TOLERANCE, ACCUMULATION AND RECOVERY IN HYPERACCUMULATOR PLANT SPECIES By RENGASAMY BOOMINATHAN A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science The University of New South Wales June,2002 Dedicated To My Mother TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Table of Contents List of Figures vm List of Tables 11 L- .. XXl L~ 6\- Abb'£evfaa c.-J.Ot !$, List of Appendices xxn Abstract xxm Acknowledgments XXVI CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Heavy Metals In The Environment 1 1. 1. 1 Cadmium 1 1. 1. 2 Nickel 2 1. 2 Phytoremediation 3 1. 3 Phytomining 4 1. 4 Hyperaccumulators 6 1. 5 Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Accumulation and Tolerance 8 1. 5. 1 Compartmentation 9 1. 5. 1. 1 Distribution Between Organs 9 1. 5. 1. 2 Intraorgan and Intracellular Distribution 12 1. 5. 2 Complexation With Organic Acids 14 1. 6 Oxidative Stress 16 1. 6. 1 Superoxide Dismutase 18 1. 6. 2 Catalase 20 1. 6. 3 Ascorbate Peroxidase 21 11 1. 6. 4 Hydrogen Peroxide 23 1. 6. 5 Lipid Peroxidation 24 1. 6. 6 Glutathione 26 1. 6. 6. 1 Effect of Heavy Metal 27 1. 6. 6. 2 Glutathione and Hydrogen Peroxide 28 1. 6. 7 Sulfhydryl Groups 29 1. 7 Phytochelatins 31 1. 8 Hairy Root Cultures 33 1. 9 Aims of This Study 35 CHAPTER 2 - MATERIALS AND METHODS 2. 1 Hairy Root Cultures 36 2. 1. 1 Nickel Hyperaccumulator (A. bertolonii) and Non-hyperaccumulator (N. tabacum) 38 2. 1. 1. 1 Short-term Ni Uptake by Live and Dead Biomass 38 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Soil Amendments on Leaf Anatomical Characteristics
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Efects of soil amendments on leaf anatomical characteristics of marigolds cultivated in cadmium‑spiked soils Alapha Thongchai1, Weeradej Meeinkuirt2,3*, Puntaree Taeprayoon2 & Isma‑ae Chelong1 The marigolds (Tagetes spp.) in this study were classifed as excluders for cadmium (Cd); however, their leaves also accumulated substantial Cd content. Among the experimental treatments (i.e., control, cattle manure, pig manure, and leonardite which served as soil amendments), pig manure resulted in signifcantly increased growth performance for all marigold cultivars as seen by relative growth rates (119–132.3%) and showed positive efects on leaf anatomy modifcations, e.g., thickness of spongy and palisade mesophyll, size of vein area and diameter of xylem cells. This may be due to substantially higher essential nutrient content, e.g., total nitrogen (N) and extractable phosphorus (P), in pig manure that aided all marigold cultivars, particularly the French cultivar which exhibited the highest relative growth rate (132.3%). In the Cd‑only treatment, cell disorganization was observed in vascular bundles as well as in palisade and spongy mesophyll, which may have been responsible for the lowest plant growth performance recorded in this study, particularly among the American and Honey cultivars (RGR = 73% and 77.3%, respectively). Organic amendments improve soil physicochemical factors and immobilize heavy metals in soil via adsorption and isolation of cationic compounds by forming stable complexes. Soil properties afecting the availability of cadmium (Cd) include: Cd adsorption and desorption on iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) oxides; redox potential (Eh); presence of both calcium carbonate and oxyhydroxides; pH; organic matter (OM); ionic strength; ligand anions; cation exchange capacity (CEC); phosphorus (P); and the proportion of clay minerals and percentage of charged sites occupied by Cd.
    [Show full text]
  • Simultaneous Hyperaccumulation of Nickel and Cobalt in the Tree Glochidion Cf
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Simultaneous hyperaccumulation of nickel and cobalt in the tree Glochidion cf. sericeum Received: 9 October 2017 Accepted: 25 April 2018 (Phyllanthaceae): elemental Published: xx xx xxxx distribution and chemical speciation Antony van der Ent1,2, Rachel Mak3, Martin D. de Jonge 4 & Hugh H. Harris5 Hyperaccumulation is generally highly specifc for a single element, for example nickel (Ni). The recently-discovered hyperaccumulator Glochidion cf. sericeum (Phyllanthaceae) from Malaysia is unusual in that it simultaneously accumulates nickel and cobalt (Co) with up to 1500 μg g−1 foliar of both elements. We set out to determine whether distribution and associated ligands for Ni and Co complexation difer in this species. We postulated that Co hyperaccumulation coincides with Ni hyperaccumulation operating on similar physiological pathways. However, the ostensibly lower tolerance for Co at the cellular level results in the exudation of Co on the leaf surface in the form of lesions. The formation of such lesions is akin to phytotoxicity responses described for manganese (Mn). Hence, in contrast to Ni, which is stored principally inside the foliar epidermal cells, the accumulation response to Co consists of an extracellular mechanism. The chemical speciation of Ni and Co, in terms of the coordinating ligands involved and principal oxidation state, is similar and associated with carboxylic acids (citrate for Ni and tartrate or malate for Co) and the hydrated metal ion. Some oxidation to Co3+, presumably on the surface of leaves after exudation, was observed. Hyperaccumulators are rare plants that accumulate metal and metalloid elements to extraordinarily high con- centrations in their living biomass that may be hundreds or thousands of times greater than is normal for most plants1–3.
    [Show full text]
  • Nickel Hyperaccumulation by Streptanthus Polygaloides Protects Against the Folivore Plutella Xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)
    Plant Ecology (2006) 183:91 –104 Ó Springer 2005 DOI 10.1007/s11258-005-9009-z Nickel hyperaccumulation by Streptanthus polygaloides protects against the folivore Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Edward M. Jhee1, Robert S. Boyd1,*, Micky D. Eubanks2 and Micheal A. Davis3 1Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, AL, 36849-5407, USA; 2Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, AL, 36849-5413, USA; 3Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406-5018, USA; *Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected]) Received 07 April 2005; accepted in revised form 22 June 2005 Key words: Elemental defence, Glucosinolates, Herbivory, Oviposition Abstract We determined the effectiveness of Ni as an elemental defence of Streptanthus polygaloides (Brassicaceae) against a crucifer specialist folivore, diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella. An oviposition experiment used arrays of S. polygaloides grown on Ni-amended (high-Ni) soil interspersed with plants grown on unamended (low-Ni) soil and eggs were allowed to hatch and larvae fed freely among plants in the arrays. We also explored oviposition preference by allowing moths to oviposit on foil sheets coated with high- or low-Ni plant extract. This was followed by an experiment using low-Ni plant extract to which varying amounts of Ni had been added and an experiment using sheets coated with sinigrin (allyl gluco- sinolate) as an oviposition stimulant. Diamondback moths laid 2.5-fold more eggs on low-Ni plants than on high-Ni plants and larval feeding was greater on low-Ni plants. High-Ni plants grew twice as tall, produced more leaves, and produced almost 3.5-fold more flowers.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Project Report: Rp6
    RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT: RP6 PHYTOEXTRACTION OF METALS: INVESTIGATION OF HYPERACCUMULATION AND FIELD TESTING CONTAMINATED LAND: APPLICATIONS IN REAL ENVIRONMENTS Supported by WHAT IS CL:AIRE? CL:AIRE was established as a public/private partnership in March 1999, to facilitate the field demonstration of remediation research and technology, including innovative methods for site characterisation and monitoring, on contaminated sites throughout the UK. The results of project demonstrations are published as research or technology demonstration reports and disseminated throughout the contaminated land community. CL:AIRE is an incorporated company, limited by guarantee and registered in England and Wales. It is a registered charity (No. 1075611) and an environmental body registered with ENTRUST(Entrust No. 119820). This report is printed on paper that is 20 % virgin totally chlorine free fibre sourced from sustainable forests and 80 % recycled fibres. Printed and bound in Great Britain by Leycol Printers, London. CL:AIRE RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT: RP6 PHYTOEXTRACTION OF METALS: INVESTIGATION OF HYPERACCUMULATION AND FIELD TESTING Colin Gray PhD Steve McGrath PhD Robert Sweeney PhD Contaminated Land: Applications in Real Environments (CL:AIRE) August 2005 CL:AIRE 2 Queen Anne’s Gate Buildings Dartmouth Street London SW1H 9BP Tel 020 7340 0470 Fax 020 7340 0471 Web site: www.claire.co.uk PHYTOEXTRACTION OF METALS: INVESTIGATION OF HYPERACCUMULATION AND FIELD TESTING Colin Gray1, Steve McGrath1, Robert Sweeney2 Contaminated Land: Applications in Real Environments (CL:AIRE) RP6 © CL:AIRE ISBN 0-9—05046-00-6 (Printed version) 1. Rothamsted Research, Rothamsted, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ 2. CL:AIRE, 2 Queen Anne’s Gate Buildings, Dartmouth Street, London SW1H 9BP Published by Contaminated Land: Applications in Real Environments (CL:AIRE), 2 Queen Anne’s Gate Buildings, Dartmouth Street, London SW1H 9BP.
    [Show full text]
  • Use of Non-Hyperaccumulator Plant Species for the Phytoextraction of Heavy Metals Using Chelating Agents
    290 Souza et al. PhytoextractionScientia Agricola of heavy metals from soil Review Use of non-hyperaccumulator plant species for the phytoextraction of heavy metals using chelating agents Lucas Anjos Souza¹, Fernando Angelo Piotto², Roberta Corrêa Nogueirol², Ricardo Antunes Azevedo²* ¹UNICAMP/Instituto de Biologia – Depto. de Biologia Vegetal, ABSTRACT: Soil contamination by heavy metals is a challenge faced by many countries, and C.P. 6109 – 13083-970 – Campinas, SP – Brasil. engineering technologies to solve this problem are expensive and can cause negative impacts ²USP/ESALQ – Depto. de Genética, C.P. 83 – 13418-900 – on the environment. One way to minimise the levels of heavy metals in the soil is to use plants Piracicaba, SP – Brasil. that can absorb and accumulate heavy metals into harvestable parts, a process called phy- *Corresponding author <[email protected]> toextraction. Typical plant species used in research involving phytoextraction are heavy metal hyperaccumulators, but plants from this group are not good biomass producers and grow more Edited by: Daniel Scherer de Moura slowly than most species; thus, they have an important role in helping scientists understand the mechanisms involved in accumulating high amounts of heavy metals without developing symp- toms or dying. However, because of their slow growth, it is not practical to use these species for phytoextraction. An alternative approach is to use non-hyperaccumulator plants assisted by chelating agents, which may improve the ability of plants to accumulate more heavy metals than they would naturally. Chelating agents can be synthetic or organic acids, and the advantages and disadvantages of their use in improving the phytoextraction potential of non-hyperaccumulator plants are discussed in this article.
    [Show full text]
  • Arabidopsis Thaliana Zinc Accumulation in Leaf Trichomes Is Correlated with Zinc 2 Concentration in Leaves 3 Felipe K
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.10.291880; this version posted September 11, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Arabidopsis thaliana zinc accumulation in leaf trichomes is correlated with zinc 2 concentration in leaves 3 Felipe K. Ricachenevsky1,2,3+*, Tracy Punshon3+, David E. Salt4, Janette P. Fett1,2, Mary 4 Lou Guerinot3* 5 6 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, 7 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 8 2Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio 9 Grande do Sul. 10 3Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, USA. 11 4Future Food Beacon of Excellence and the School of Biosciences, University of 12 Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK. 13 * Corresponding authors: Dartmouth College, Department of Biological Sciences, Life 14 Sciences Center, 78 College St. 03755, New Hampshire, United States. 15 Email: [email protected]. 16 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, 17 Departamento de Botânica. Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do 18 Sul, Brazil. 19 Email: [email protected] 20 Phone number: +55 51 3308 3673 21 22 + These authors contributed equally to this work 23 24 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.10.291880; this version posted September 11, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Transcriptomic Studies on a Cadmium Hyperaccumulator Viola Baoshanensis and Its Non- Tolerant Counterpart V
    Article Comparative Transcriptomic Studies on a Cadmium Hyperaccumulator Viola baoshanensis and Its Non- Tolerant Counterpart V. inconspicua Haoyue Shu 1, Jun Zhang 2, Fuye Liu 1, Chao Bian 3, Jieliang Liang 4, Jiaqi Liang 2, Weihe Liang 2, Zhiliang Lin 1, Wensheng Shu 4, Jintian Li 4, Qiong Shi 3,* and Bin Liao 1,* 1 State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; [email protected] (H.S.); [email protected] (F.L.); [email protected] (Z.L.) 2 School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; [email protected] (J.Z.); [email protected] (J.L.); [email protected] (W.L.) 3 Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; [email protected] 4 School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; [email protected] (J.L.); [email protected] (W.S.); [email protected] (J.L.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (Q.S.); [email protected] (B.L.); Tel.: +86-189 0229 9133 (B.L.) Received: 3 March 2019; Accepted: 16 April 2019; Published: 17 April 2019 Abstract: Many Viola plants growing in mining areas exhibit high levels of cadmium (Cd) tolerance and accumulation, and thus are ideal organisms for comparative studies on molecular mechanisms of Cd hyperaccumulation. However, transcriptomic studies of hyperaccumulative plants in Violaceae are rare.
    [Show full text]
  • Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Strategy for Zinc Mycoremediation and Diminished Translocation to Shoots and Grains in Wheat
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Arbuscular mycorrhizal strategy for zinc mycoremediation and diminished translocation to shoots and grains in wheat Abdelghafar M. Abu-Elsaoud1☯*, Nivien A. Nafady2☯, Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem1☯ 1 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, 2 Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. a1111111111 * [email protected], [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract Mycoremediation is an on-site remediation strategy, which employs fungi to degrade or sequester contaminants from the environment. The present work focused on the bioremedi- ation of soils contaminated with zinc by the use of a native mycorrhizal fungi (AM) called OPEN ACCESS Funneliformis geosporum (Nicol. & Gerd.) Walker & SchuÈûler. Experiments were performed Citation: Abu-Elsaoud AM, Nafady NA, Abdel- using Triticum aestivum L. cv. Gemmeza-10 at different concentrations of Zn (50, 100, 200 Azeem AM (2017) Arbuscular mycorrhizal strategy mg kg-1) and inoculated with or without F. geosporum. The results showed that the dry for zinc mycoremediation and diminished translocation to shoots and grains in wheat. PLoS weight of mycorrhizal wheat increased at Zn stressed plants as compared to the non-Zn- ONE 12(11): e0188220. https://doi.org/10.1371/ stressed control plants. The concentrations of Zn also had an inhibitory effect on the yield journal.pone.0188220 of dry root and shoot of non-mycorrhizal wheat. The photosynthetic pigment fractions were Editor: Ricardo Aroca, Estacion Experimental del significantly affected by Zn treatments and mycorrhizal inoculation, where in all treatments, Zaidin, SPAIN the content of the photosynthetic pigment fractions decreased as the Zn concentration Received: June 1, 2017 increased in the soil.
    [Show full text]
  • Ahmad.Dissertation Newest
    VU Research Portal Heavy metal tolerance and accumulation in Matthiola flavida, a novel Iranian lead hyperaccumulator Mohtadi, A. 2014 document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication in VU Research Portal citation for published version (APA) Mohtadi, A. (2014). Heavy metal tolerance and accumulation in Matthiola flavida, a novel Iranian lead hyperaccumulator. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. E-mail address: [email protected] Download date: 11. Oct. 2021 Heavy metal tolerance and accumulation in Matthiola flavida, a novel Iranian lead hyperaccumulator Ahmad Mohtadi Heavy metal tolerance and accumulation in Matthiola flavida, a novel Iranian lead hyperaccumulator 1 The candidate was financially supported by a scholarship from the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology of Iran (MSRT) and Graduate School of the University of Isfahan and research was carried out at the Department of Genetics, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    [Show full text]