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India Guyana Bilateral Relation
India-Guyana Bilateral Relations During the colonial period, Guyana's economy was focused on plantation agriculture, which initially depended on slave labour. Guyana saw major slave rebellions in 1763 and again in 1823.Great Britain passed the Slavery Abolition Act in British Parliament that abolished slavery in most British colonies, freeing more than 800,000 enslaved Africans in the Caribbean and South Africa. British Guiana became a Crown colony in 1928, and in 1953 it was granted home rule. In 1950, Mr. Cheddi Jagan, who was Indian-Guyanese, and Mr. Forbes Burnham, who was Afro-Guyanese, created the colony's first political party, the Progressive People's Party (PPP), which was dedicated to gaining the colony's independence. In the 1953 elections, Mr. Cheddi Jagan was elected chief minister. Mr. Cheddi Jagan of the PPP and Mr. Forbes Burnham of the PNC were to dominate Guyana politics for decades to come. In 1961, Britain granted the colony autonomy, and Mr. Cheddi Jagan became Prime Minister (1961–1964). In 1964, Burnham succeeded Jagan as Prime Minister, a position he retained after the country gained full independence on May 26, 1966. With independence, the country returned to its traditional name, Guyana. Mr. Burnham ruled Guyana until his death in 1985 (from 1980 to 1985, after a change in the constitution, he served as president). Mr. Desmond Hoyte of the PNC became president in 1985, but in 1992 the PPP reemerged, winning a majority in the general election. Mr. Cheddi Jagan became President, and succeeded in reviving the economy. After his death in 1997, his wife, Janet Jagan, was elected President. -
Judgment of 18 December 2020
18 DECEMBER 2020 JUDGMENT ARBITRAL AWARD OF 3 OCTOBER 1899 (GUYANA v. VENEZUELA) ___________ SENTENCE ARBITRALE DU 3 OCTOBRE 1899 (GUYANA c. VENEZUELA) 18 DÉCEMBRE 2020 ARRÊT TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraphs CHRONOLOGY OF THE PROCEDURE 1-22 I. INTRODUCTION 23-28 II. HISTORICAL AND FACTUAL BACKGROUND 29-60 A. The Washington Treaty and the 1899 Award 31-34 B. Venezuela’s repudiation of the 1899 Award and the search for a settlement of the dispute 35-39 C. The signing of the 1966 Geneva Agreement 40-44 D. The implementation of the Geneva Agreement 45-60 1. The Mixed Commission (1966-1970) 45-47 2. The 1970 Protocol of Port of Spain and the moratorium put in place 48-53 3. From the good offices process (1990-2014 and 2017) to the seisin of the Court 54-60 III. INTERPRETATION OF THE GENEVA AGREEMENT 61-101 A. The “controversy” under the Geneva Agreement 64-66 B. Whether the Parties gave their consent to the judicial settlement of the controversy under Article IV, paragraph 2, of the Geneva Agreement 67-88 1. Whether the decision of the Secretary-General has a binding character 68-78 2. Whether the Parties consented to the choice by the Secretary-General of judicial settlement 79-88 C. Whether the consent given by the Parties to the judicial settlement of their controversy under Article IV, paragraph 2, of the Geneva Agreement is subject to any conditions 89-100 IV. JURISDICTION OF THE COURT 102-115 A. The conformity of the decision of the Secretary-General of 30 January 2018 with Article IV, paragraph 2, of the Geneva Agreement 103-109 B. -
Proceedings and Debates of The
PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE FIRST SESSION (2020-2025) OF THE TWELFTH PARLIAMENT OF GUYANA UNDER THE CONSTITUTION OF THE CO-OPERATIVE REPUBLIC OF GUYANA HELD IN THE DOME OF THE ARTHUR CHUNG CONFERENCE CENTRE, LILIENDAAL, GREATER GEORGETOWN 6TH Sitting Thursday, 17TH September, 2020 The Assembly convened at 10.03 a.m. Prayers [Mr. Speaker in the Chair] MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY (70) Speaker (1) *Hon. Manzoor Nadir, M.P., (Virtual Participation) Speaker of the National Assembly, Parliament Office, Public Buildings, Brickdam, Georgetown. MEMBERS OF THE GOVERNMENT (37) (i) MEMBERS OF THE PEOPLE’S PROGRESSIVE PARTY/CIVIC (PPP/C) (37) Prime Minister (1) + Hon. Brigadier (Ret’d) Mark Anthony Phillips, M.S.S., M.P., Prime Minister, Prime Minister’s Office, Colgrain House, 205 Camp Street, Georgetown. Vice-President (1) + Hon. Bharrat Jagdeo, M.P., Vice-President, Office of the President, New Garden Street, Georgetown. + Cabinet Member * Non-Elected Speaker Attorney General and Minister of Legal Affairs (1) + Hon. Mohabir Anil Nandlall, M.P., Attorney General and Minister of Legal Affairs, Ministry of Legal Affairs, Carmichael Street, Georgetown. Senior Ministers (16) + Hon. Gail Teixeira, M.P., (Region No. 7 – Cuyuni/Mazaruni), Minister of Parliamentary Affairs and Governance, Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs and Governance. Government Chief Whip, Office of the Presidency, New Garden Street, Georgetown. + Hon. Hugh H. Todd, M.P., [Absent - on Leave] (Region No. 4 – Demerara/Mahaica), Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Co-operation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Lot 254 South Road, Georgetown. + Hon. Bishop Juan A. Edghill, M.S., J.P., M.P., Minister of Public Works, Ministry of Public Works, Wight’s Lane, Kingston, Georgetown. -
Office of the President
Office of the President Address to the Nation by His Excellency Dr Irfaan Ali, President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces regarding actions of the Government of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela January 9, 2021 I had not anticipated speaking to you in a national broadcast so soon after my New Year’s Day statement. But a troubling event has occurred concerning our territorial integrity that requires that I speak to you directly, in full transparency, and to keep you fully informed. As you are aware, Guyana has maintained an Embassy in Venezuela accredited to the Government. Equally, we have continued to welcome a Venezuelan Embassy in Guyana accredited to our Government. In other words, Guyana has scrupulously kept all official channels of communication open to the Government of Venezuela. We have done so even as we pursued our right to request the UN Secretary-General to refer to the International Court of Justice (the ICJ) the long-standing contention with Venezuela over the 1899 arbitral award. At no time have we engaged in making any statements regarding the continuing inflammatory remarks, emanating from the Government and other parties in Venezuela, except to continue to affirm our nation’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. We have always chosen a path of peaceful resolution of the Venezuelan issue within international law. It is, therefore, deeply disturbing that, on January 7th, the President of Venezuela, Mr Nicolas Maduro, issued a decree claiming for Venezuela sovereignty and exclusive sovereign rights in the waters and seabed adjacent to Guyana’s coast, west of the Essequibo River. -
Guyana General and Regional Elections
Guyana General and Regional Elections 2 March 2020 CONTENTS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL ..................................................................... 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................... 6 CHAPTER 1 .................................................................................... 11 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................ 11 Terms of Reference .................................................................... 11 Activities ................................................................................. 12 CHAPTER 2 .................................................................................... 13 POLITICAL BACKGROUND ................................................................. 13 Context for the 2020 Elections ....................................................... 16 CHAPTER 3 .................................................................................... 20 THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND ELECTION ADMINISTRATION .......................... 20 Election Administration ............................................................... 24 Voter Eligibility and the Electoral Register ......................................... 24 Recommendations ...................................................................... 26 CHAPTER 4 .................................................................................... 28 PARTICIPATION AND INCLUSION ......................................................... 28 Gender .................................................................................. -
Guyana's Flood Disaster...The National Response
Introduction The natural disaster…and after Torrential rain, a deluge, an inundation of parts of the Coastland, in short - the country’s worst natural disaster, was the experience of Guyanese during the January- February period. The average amount of rainfall in Guyana for the month of January for the past 100 years is 7.3 inches. However, the country witnessed more than seven times that in January 2005 - some 52 inches. From December 24 through January 31 the total amount of rainfall exceeded 60 inches, with one night’s rainfall amounting to seven inches. This resulted in severe flooding and Government declaring Regions Three, Four and Five disaster areas. As the Administration planned its response, President Bharrat Jagdeo immediately called meetings of Cabinet Ministers, Leader of the Opposition Robert Corbin, Joint Service Heads and the City Council. Later he met with representatives of the Guyana Red Cross and members of religious organizations and non-governmental organizations. From these meetings with various stakeholders, committees, including members of the Opposition, were established in charge of water, food, shelter, health care and infrastructure, to assist affected people. Cabinet Ministers were dispatched to affected areas and provided periodic briefs to the Head of State. A committee headed by Cabinet Secretary Dr. Roger Luncheon to coordinate assistance from overseas and the donor community, was also established. A Joint Operation Centre (JOC) was set up at Eve Leary and the relief efforts were coordinated through this entity, while the President’s Residence, State House was used as a resource centre. The worst hit areas were the East Coast of Demerara in Region Four and Canal No. -
American Involvement with British Guiana 1961-1963
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies Legacy Theses 1997 American involvement with British Guiana 1961-1963 Parekh, Hector J. Parekh, H. J. (1997). American involvement with British Guiana 1961-1963 (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/23221 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/26778 master thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca THE UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY American Involvement with British Guiana 196 1 - 1963 by Hector J. Parekh A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDLES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY CALGARY, ALBERTA JUNE, 1997 O Hector I. Parekh 1997 National Library Bibliothèque nationale m*I of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographic Selvices services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellington OttawaON K1AOW ûüawaON K1AON4 Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence dowing the exclusive permettant a la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/film, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. -
The Judiciary of GUYANA CAJO NEWS Team
NOVEMBER 2014 • ISSUE 4 The Judiciary of GUYANA CAJO NEWS Team CHIEF EDITOR Hon. Mr. Justice Adrian Saunders CONTRIBUTOR Hon. Mme. Justice Roxane George GRAPHIC ARTWORK, LAYOUT Ms. Seanna Annisette Photo credits/sources Cover page: Judiciary of Guyana - CCJ stock photos Page 3: Priya Sewnarine-Beharry - kaiteurnewsonline.com Pages 5. 6: Court of Appeal and Supreme Court Judges - Supreme Court of Guyana Pages 7, 8: Google images CAJO Newsletter Committee Hon. Mr. Justice Adrian Saunders, Hon. Mme. Justice Charmaine Pemberton, Hon. Mme. Justice Cynthia Valstein Montnor Hon. Chief Justice Evert Jan van de Poel, Hon. Chief Justice Ian Kawaley, Hon. Chief Justice Kenneth Benjamin, Master Marissa RobertsonHon. Mme. Justice Nicole Simmons, Magistrate Pamela Beckles, Hon. Mme. Justice Roxane George, Hon. Mme. Justice Sonya Young IN EDITOR THIS Notes ISSUE Each edition of CAJO NEWS focuses on a particular judiciary in the region. This edition features the judiciary of our great South American sister – Guyana. CAJO PROFILE Being originally colonised by the Netherlands and later ceded to the British in 1814, Guyana’s Chief Magistrate legal system reflects its historical journey. It is one of the few in the world which can properly Priya Sewnarine-Beharry be classified as a hybrid legal system; with the common law at the fore and elements of the Roman-Dutch tradition surviving British colonisation. This Roman-Dutch element is preserved in the area of real property law, where for example title is held by a document called a ‘transport’ which confers absolute title on the holder, subject only to registered encumbrances. Guyana leads the region in its approach to gender equality and unsurprisingly it produced the first (and to date, the only) female judge of the Caribbean Court of Justice in the person of Madame Justice Desiree Bernard. -
Promises Booklet1
Keeping Promises To Guyanese Ever since becoming President of Guyana, His Excellency President Bharrat Jagdeo has proven successful in fulfilling many of the promises he made to people and communities as he moved around the country, taking heed of the concerns voiced by Guyanese of every ethnic group and from every stratum of society. In his inauguration address in 2001, the President reviewed progress in many areas since the return of the People’s Progressive Party/Civic to the Government , including health care, education, housing, water, job creation, local government, strengthening the armed forces, public sector wages, public accountability and economic governance. President Jagdeo also took the time, in his address, to point out areas in which there was still much work to be done. He identified the urgency of reducing poverty levels, providing adequate housing for families, affordable health care for all, jobs and other opportunities for young people and better salaries and improved conditions for the workforce. President Jagdeo also observed that stable and prosperous societies are built by genuine concerns being addressed and not by rhetoric and spurious charges. “And this is the reason why I am urging that we move on so that the politicians of this country could never be accused of wasting the dreams of our young people,” the President said. Almost three years have passed, and during that time, President Jagdeo has made and kept a long list of promises that has considerably improved the well-being of people in communities across Guyana.. These promises fulfilled affect a variety of sectors, including water, infrastructure in the capital, in towns and villages, health care delivery, education,. -
Political Change, Democracy, and Human Rights in Guyana
ThirdWorld Quarterly, Vol 18, No 2, pp 267± 285, 1997 Political change,democracy, and humanrights in Guyana IVELAWL GRIFFITH Theannals of Guyana’ s politicalhistory will surely record 1992 as anhistoric year,for that year was amilestonein thetransition from authoritarian politics to democraticpolitics. Also signi® cant was theemergence from the political wildernessof Cheddie Jagan. Having ® rst enteredpolitics in 1946, Jagan was oustedfrom power by the British in 1953, and again in 1964, in collusion with theUSA, because of his communist orientation. Ironically, though, it was the USAitself that helped to engineer his return to power in 1992. The circum- stances thatled to the re-emergence of Jagan, and his re-emergence itself, have usheredin a newera inGuyanese politics, one which spotlights the triumphs andpitfalls of democracy and human rights in South America’ s onlyEnglish- speakingrepublic. Politicalanalysts accept that the status and conduct of both democracy and humanrights in various parts of the world are in¯uenced by the nature and operationof the political regime governing a particularsociety. With this in mind,this article examines the relationship between regime change and democ- racyand human rights in Guyana. The analysis shows that there has beenboth changeand continuity over the past decade; change in regime and regime politicsand policies, and continuity in regime policies that conditioned the environmentto pursuedemocracy. In Guyana, the constitution and the approach ofpolitical elites incorporate civil and political rights as wellas economicand socialones. However, given the link between the attainment of the latter set of rightsand the economic health of society on the one hand, and Guyana’ s economicdoldrums on the other, it is unreasonableto expect any major near-termadvancement in economic and social rights. -
Historical Information Events & Dates On
Parliament of Guyana HISTORICAL INFORMATION EVENTS & DATES ON THE PARLIAMENT OF GUYANA fromCompiled 1718 and Produced to 2006 by Frank A. Narain, A.A., C.C.H., Former Clerk of the National Assembly 15th January, 2007 Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or We know where we can find information on it - Samuel Johnson, English poet, critic, and lexicographer (1709-84) This copy of this File with the Historical Information on the Parliament of Guyana from 1718 to 2006 which has been Compiled and Produced By Frank A. Narain Former Clerk of the National Assembly has been Presented To …………………….…………………………..…………… ………………….……………………………..…………… With the Compliments of Frank A. Narain © 2009 Parliament of Guyana 1 PART I PRELIMINARY Contents Preface and Introduction Abbreviations used in this File Sources of Information 2 CONTENTS Part I - Preliminary 1. Preface and Introduction 11 2. Abbreviations used in this File 19 3. Sources of Information 20 Part II - Arrivals 4. The Discovery of the Country 23 5. First Arrivals and Settlers in and Ownership of the Colonies 24 Part III - Legislative Periods, Names of Legislative Bodies, First Members of Legislative Bodies, and Some Events with Dates 1718-2006 6. 1718 to 1803 The Dutch Law-Making Body – The Court of Policy 29 7. 1803 to 1928 Ownership by the British -Continuation of the Dutch Court of Policy 30 8. 1928 to 1930 British Crown Colony- The First Legislative Council of British Guiana 32 9. 1930 to 1935 The Second Legislative Council 33 10. 1935 to 1947 The Third Legislative Council 35 11. 1947 to 1953 The Fourth Legislative Council 37 12. -
High Commission of India Georgetown Brief on Guyana The
High Commission of India Georgetown Brief on Guyana The Cooperative Republic of Guyana is located on the North-eastern shoulder of South American continent and bound by Suriname on the East, Venezuela on the West and Brazil on the South and South-west. It has an area of about 215,000 sq. kms. and a population of 750,000. Density of population is 3.3 per sq. km. There are four natural regions. First is the Low Coastal Plains along the Atlantic with about 400 kms coastline. The coastal plain is about six feet below the mean high tide level and is protected from tides by a sea wall along the length of the coast. Second is the while Sand belt, which is covered mainly by forests. Third is the Highland region of mountain ranges like the Pakaraimas and the Kaieteur plateau. The last is the interior Savannahs which are divided into South and North Savannahs by the Kanuku Mountain range. Guyana got independence from the colonial British rule on May 26, 1966. Guyana has a Parliamentary from of Government. Legislative power is exercised by a uni-cameral National Assembly with 65 members elected by proportional representation every five years under universal adult suffrage. The election is held in two parts with the first part comprising 40 seats to the National Assembly on the basis of the whole region of Guyana and the second part comprises of election of 25 members from 10 geographical constituencies. The Executive power is held by the President who is directly elected through an election which also elects members of the National Assembly and holds office for its duration.